[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:384":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":11,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":14,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":22,"key_elements":23,"impurities":24,"cim":25,"ima_status":26,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":29,"discovery_year":30,"strunz10ed1":31,"strunz10ed2":32,"strunz10ed3":33,"strunz10ed4":34,"dana8ed1":35,"dana8ed2":31,"dana8ed3":36,"dana8ed4":37,"csystem":38,"cclass":11,"spacegroup":11,"spacegroupset":39,"a":40,"b":39,"c":41,"alpha":39,"beta":39,"gamma":39,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":11,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":42,"twinning":11,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":43,"tlform":11,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":39,"vhnmax":39,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":39,"dmeas2":39,"dcalc":39,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":44,"lustretype":44,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":45,"streak":46,"colour":47,"commentcolor":11,"colors":48,"streak_colors":52,"luminescence":53,"uv":11,"cleavage":11,"cleavagetype":11,"fracturetype":11,"tenacity":11,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":54,"opticalsign":11,"opticalalpha":39,"opticalalpha2":39,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":39,"opticalbeta2":39,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":39,"opticalgamma2":39,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":39,"opticalomega2":39,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":39,"opticalepsilon2":39,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":39,"opticaln2":39,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":39,"optical2vcalc2":39,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":39,"optical2vmeasured2":39,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":11,"rimax":11,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":55,"type_specimen_store":56,"description_short":57,"aboutname":58,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":59,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":60,"group_members":61,"associates":62,"confused_with":63,"type_localities":64,"occurrence_total":65,"citations":66,"images":102,"structures":168,"synonyms":169,"language_names":179,"wikidata_qid":222,"texts":223},384,"1:1:384:5","3917c1a7-b3e1-4986-aa90-1a83a04595ac","Asbolane","Asb",0,"mineral",null,920,false,"(Ni,Co)\u003Csub>2-x\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>(O,OH)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>·nH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>(O,OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · (Co,Ni,Mg,Ca)\u003Csub>x\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2x\u003C\u002Fsub> · nH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",[17,18,19,20,21],"Co","Mn","Ni","O","H",[18,19,20,21],[19],"Al,Ca,Fe,Si","7.21.4",[27,28],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED",1841,"1847","4","F","L","30","6","9","1","Hexagonal","0","3.04","9.34","Space group and Point group n.d.","Thin lamellar aggregates of platelets up to several µm; massive.","Dull","Opaque","Black to brownish black","Bluish to brownish black",[49,50,51],"black","brown","blue",[49,50],"None","Uniaxial","As a weathering product in silicic rocks; in siliceous schists; widespread in residual soils above ultramafic rocks.","n.d.","A poorly defined material, usually defined as cobalt- or nickel-bearing \"wad\".\r\n\r\nThe chemical composition is highly variable and can contain large amounts of Ni, Co, Cu, Mg and other metals. It is a mixed-layer mineral with layers of Mn-O octahedra an...","Named from the Greek \"to soil like soot\".","2025-08-11 12:14:18",[],[],[],[],[],164,[67,70,74,78,81,85,89,93,97],{"id":68,"year":29,"html":69,"doi":11},16101543,"Breithaupt, J.F.A. (1841) Genus 8. Maurites. Species 1. Maurites, Asbolanus kürzer, Asbolan. in Vollständiges Handbuch der Mineralogie, Volume 2, Arnoldische Buchhandlung (Dresden and Leipzig), 332-334.",{"id":71,"year":72,"html":73,"doi":11},1118652,1951,"Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.",{"id":75,"year":76,"html":77,"doi":11},16101545,1980,"Chukhrov, F. V., Gorshkov, A. I., Vitovskaya, I. V., Drits, V. A., Sivtsov, A. V. and Rudnitskaya, Y. S. (1980): Crystallochemical nature of Co-Ni-asbolan. Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, Ser. Geol. 6, 73-81 (in Russian). - Mineral. Abs. (1981) 32, 322 (abstract). - American Mineralogist (1982) 67: 417 (abstract).",{"id":79,"year":76,"html":80,"doi":11},16101546,"Chukhrov, F. V., Gorshkov, A. I., Vitovskaya, I. V., Drits, V. A., Sivtsov, A. V. and Dikov, Y. P. (1980): Crystallochemical nature of Ni-asbolan. Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, Ser. Geol. 9, 108-120 (in Russian). - American Mineralogist (1982) 67: 418 (abstract).",{"id":82,"year":83,"html":84,"doi":11},16101547,1991,"Llorca, S. and Monchoux, P. (1991): Supergene cobalt minerals from New Caledonia. Canadian Mineralogist 29, 149-161.",{"id":86,"year":87,"html":88,"doi":11},529377,1992,"Manceau, Alain, Gorshkov, Anatolii I., Drits, Victor A. (1992) Structural chemistry of Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni in manganese hydrous oxides: Part II. Information from EXAFS spectroscopy and electron and X-ray diffraction. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  77 (11-12) 1144-1157 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM77\u002FAM77_1144.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":90,"year":91,"html":92,"doi":11},15955208,1997,"Anthony, J. W. et al. (1997): Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. 3, 26",{"id":94,"year":95,"html":96,"doi":11},16963016,2005,"(2005) Asbolane. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fasbolane.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":98,"year":99,"html":100,"doi":101},16644934,2023,"Bernardini, Simone, Ventura, Giancarlo Della, Sodo, Armida, Benites, Mariana, Jovane, Luigi, Hein, James R., Lucci, Federico (2023) Micro-Raman mapping of critical metals (Li, Co, Ni) in a rhythmically laminated deep-ocean ferromanganese deposit. \u003Ci>Geochemistry\u003C\u002Fi>, 126014 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.chemer.2023.126014'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.chemer.2023.126014\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.chemer.2023.126014",[103,113,120,129,133,142,152,161],{"id":104,"source_url":105,"license_code":106,"credit_html":107,"title":108,"description":109,"author":110,"original_width":111,"original_height":112},2146,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=327066","CC BY-SA 3.0","No machine-readable author provided. Alberto Salguero assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=327066\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Asbolana Peñamellera (Asturias).jpg","Fotografía de \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fes.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FUsuario:Alberto_Salguero\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"es:Usuario:Alberto Salguero\">Pablo Alberto Salguero Quiles\u003C\u002Fa>, realizada en el museo geominero de Madrid (España)","No machine-readable author provided. Alberto Salguero assumed (based on copyright claims).",490,278,{"id":114,"source_url":115,"license_code":116,"credit_html":117,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":118,"original_height":119},29164,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F118793","CC BY 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F118793\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,666,{"id":121,"source_url":122,"license_code":106,"credit_html":123,"title":124,"description":125,"author":126,"original_width":127,"original_height":128},2147,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1192701","Pablo Alberto Salguero Quiles, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1192701\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Asbolane.jpg","Asbolane from Peñamellera (Asturias)-(Spain)","Pablo Alberto Salguero Quiles",478,274,{"id":130,"source_url":131,"license_code":116,"credit_html":132,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":118,"original_height":119},29165,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F119022","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F119022\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":134,"source_url":135,"license_code":106,"credit_html":136,"title":137,"description":138,"author":139,"original_width":140,"original_height":141},2149,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866579","Leon Hupperichs, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866579\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Asbolane-111318.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbolane\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbolane\">Asbolane\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Lipovskoe Mine, Rezh District, Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast', Middle Urals, Urals Region, Russia\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Black grains of Asbolane. Field of view 8 mm. Specimen and photo Leon Hupperichs.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Leon Hupperichs",754,555,{"id":143,"source_url":144,"license_code":145,"credit_html":146,"title":147,"description":148,"author":149,"original_width":150,"original_height":151},2150,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118190924","CC BY-SA 2.0","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118190924\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Wad (Asbolane) (48140732021).jpg","Katanga, Zaire","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada",4000,6000,{"id":153,"source_url":154,"license_code":155,"credit_html":156,"title":157,"description":158,"author":159,"original_width":160,"original_height":160},2148,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1955927","Public domain","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1955927\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Asbolan formerly Asbolite on serpentine Hydrous manganese cobalt oxide Porterville Tulate County California 2234.jpg","These mineral images are free to use how you wish.","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com",640,{"id":162,"source_url":163,"license_code":164,"credit_html":165,"title":166,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":167,"original_height":118},29166,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F128466","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F128466\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana","Tennantite",949,[],[170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178],"Aithalit","Aithalita","Aithalite","Asbolit","Asbolita","Black Cobalt","Cobalt graphite","Cobaltide","Erdkobalt",[180,184,188,192,197,200,204,208,211,215,219],{"lang":181,"names":182},"be",[183],"Азбалан",{"lang":185,"names":186},"ca",[187],"asbolana",{"lang":189,"names":190},"de",[191],"Asbolan",{"lang":193,"names":194},"es",[195,196],"Asbolana","asbolita",{"lang":198,"names":199},"eu",[195],{"lang":201,"names":202},"it",[203],"asbolano",{"lang":205,"names":206},"nb",[207],"asbolan",{"lang":209,"names":210},"nn",[191],{"lang":212,"names":213},"ru",[214],"Асболан",{"lang":216,"names":217},"ta",[218],"அசுபோலேன்",{"lang":220,"names":221},"uk",[214],"Q3624774",{"history":11,"applications":11}]