[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:674":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":11,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":14,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":21,"key_elements":22,"impurities":23,"cim":24,"ima_status":25,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":11,"strunz10ed1":28,"strunz10ed2":29,"strunz10ed3":30,"strunz10ed4":31,"dana8ed1":32,"dana8ed2":33,"dana8ed3":34,"dana8ed4":35,"csystem":36,"cclass":37,"spacegroup":11,"spacegroupset":38,"a":39,"b":40,"c":41,"alpha":38,"beta":38,"gamma":38,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":42,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":43,"twinning":44,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":45,"tlform":46,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":38,"vhnmax":38,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":47,"dmeas2":48,"dcalc":49,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":50,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":51,"streak":11,"colour":52,"commentcolor":11,"colors":53,"streak_colors":11,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":59,"cleavagetype":60,"fracturetype":11,"tenacity":61,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":62,"opticalsign":63,"opticalalpha":64,"opticalalpha2":65,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":66,"opticalbeta2":67,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":68,"opticalgamma2":69,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":38,"opticalomega2":38,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":38,"opticalepsilon2":38,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":38,"opticaln2":38,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":38,"optical2vcalc2":38,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":70,"optical2vmeasured2":38,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":71,"rimax":72,"opticaldispersion":73,"opticalpleochroism":74,"opticalpleochorismdesc":75,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":76,"otheroccurrence":77,"type_specimen_store":78,"description_short":11,"aboutname":79,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":80,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":81,"group_members":82,"associates":83,"confused_with":93,"type_localities":94,"occurrence_total":101,"citations":102,"images":163,"structures":309,"synonyms":321,"language_names":322,"wikidata_qid":378,"texts":379},674,"1:1:674:5","4eee2516-3b5a-4172-8c22-1043279adc97","Billietite","Bil",0,"mineral",null,1113,false,"Ba(UO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>·4-8H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Ba(UO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub> · 8H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",[17,18,19,20],"Ba","O","H","U",[17,18,19,20],[17,20],"Ca,Si","7.16.15",[26,27],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","4","G","B","10","5","7","1","3","Orthorhombic",6,"0","12.072","30.167","7.1455",4,"Space Group: Pbn21","Very common, on {110} and {111}, the latter producing sector-twinned aragonite-like groups","Crystals pseudohexagonal, tabular on {001}, may be elongated along [110], to 5 mm","Crystals pseudohexagonal","5.28","5.36","5.3","Adamantine","Transparent,Translucent","Yellow to golden-yellow, amber-yellow, orange-yellow",[54,55,56,57,58],"yellow","orange","colorless","green","brown","on {001}, imperfect on {110} and {010}","Perfect","brittle","Biaxial","-","1.725","1.73","1.78","1.822","1.79","1.829","36",1.725,1.829,"r > v, very strong","Visible","X = colourless to pale yellow; Y = Z = greenish yellow to deep golden yellow, amber-brown\r\nOrientation: X = c, Y = a, Z = b","An alteration product of uraninite","An uncommon alteration product of uraninite","Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA (No. 104455);\r\nNational Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA (No. 160496)","Named in 1947 by Johannes F. Vaes in honour of Valère Louis Billiet, born Ghent, Belgium, February 14 1903. Billiet was a Belgian crystallographer, University of Ghent,  Belgium.\r\n\r\nBilliet was in the resistance during WWII but was arrested and placed in a concentration camp.\r\n\r\nBilliet died on May 3 1945 when the transport ship SS Cap Arcona, which was housing prisoners from the Nazi Neuengamme concentration camp, was sunk by Allied Forces in the Bay of Lübeck. \r\n","2025-08-11 12:14:18",[],[],[84],{"id":85,"name":86,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":87,"mindat_formula":88,"hmin":89,"hmax":42,"dmeas":90,"dcalc":91,"primary_image_id":92},1587,"Fourmarierite","Pb\u003Csub>1-x\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>3-2x\u003C\u002Fsub>(UO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>4+2x\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Pb(UO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",3,"6.046","5.98",9326,[],[95],{"id":96,"txt":97,"latitude":98,"longitude":99,"country":100},4328,"Shinkolobwe Mine, Shinkolobwe, Kambove Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo",-11.0486111,26.5508333,"DR Congo",38,[103,107,110,114,118,123,127,131,136,140,145,150,155,159],{"id":104,"year":105,"html":106,"doi":11},16103189,1947,"Vaes, J.F. (1947) Six nouveaux minéraux d'urane provenant de Shinkolobwe (Katanga). Annales de la Société Géologique Belge: 70: B212-B229, esp. B214-B217 (in French).",{"id":108,"year":105,"html":109,"doi":11},16103190,"(1947) Mineralogical Abstracts: 10: 146. (abstract)",{"id":111,"year":112,"html":113,"doi":11},521793,1948,"Fleischer, M. (1948) New mineral names. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  33 (5-6). 384-386 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM33\u002FAM33_384.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":115,"year":116,"html":117,"doi":11},522425,1953,"Frondel, Judith W., Cuttitta, Frank (1953) Studies of uranium minerals (XII) : The status of billietite and Becquerelite. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  38 (11-12) 1019-1024 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM38\u002FAM38_1019.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":119,"year":120,"html":121,"doi":122},595495,1958,"Frondel, Clifford (1958) Systematic mineralogy of uranium and thorium. \u003Ci>Bulletin\u003C\u002Fi> 1064. US Geological Survey \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3133\u002Fb1064'>doi:10.3133\u002Fb1064\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fpubs.usgs.gov\u002Fbul\u002F1064\u002Freport.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3133\u002Fb1064",{"id":124,"year":125,"html":126,"doi":11},523435,1960,"Christ, C. L., Clark, J. R. (1960) Crystal chemical studies of some uranyl oxide hydrates. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  45 (9-10) 1026-1061 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM45\u002FAM45_1026.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":128,"year":129,"html":130,"doi":11},528384,1987,"Pagoaga, M. Katherine, Appleman, Daniel E., Stewart, James M. (1987) Crystal structures and crystal chemistry of the uranyl oxide hydrates becquerelite, billietite, and protasite. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  72 (11-12) 1230-1238 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM72\u002FAM72_1230.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":132,"year":133,"html":134,"doi":135},15839,1990,"Vochten, R., Van Haverbeke, L. (1990) Transformation of schoepite into the uranyl oxide hydrates: Becquerelite, billietite and wölsendorfite. \u003Ci>Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  43 (1) 65-72 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf01164222'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf01164222\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf01164222",{"id":137,"year":138,"html":139,"doi":11},15997478,1997,"Anthony, J. W. et al. (1997): Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. 3, 56",{"id":141,"year":142,"html":143,"doi":144},64215,2005,"Burns, Peter C. (2005) U\u003Csup>6+\u003C\u002Fsup> minerals and inorganic compounds: insights into an expanded structural hierarchy of crystal structures. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  43 (6) 1839-1894 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.43.6.1839'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.43.6.1839\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002Fcm\u002Fvol43\u002FCM43_1839.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.43.6.1839",{"id":146,"year":147,"html":148,"doi":149},64320,2006,"Finch, R. J., Burns, P. C., Hawthorne, F. C., Ewing, R. C. (2006) Refinement of the crystal structure of billietite, Ba[(UO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>](H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  44 (5) 1197-1205 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.44.5.1197'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.44.5.1197\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002Fcm\u002Fvol44\u002FCM44_1197.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.44.5.1197",{"id":151,"year":152,"html":153,"doi":154},2426643,2007,"Frost, Ray L., Čejka, Jiří, Weier, Matt L. (2007) Raman spectroscopic study of the uranyl oxyhydroxide hydrates: becquerelite, billietite, curite, schoepite and vandendriesscheite. \u003Ci>Journal of Raman Spectroscopy\u003C\u002Fi>, 38 (4). 460-466 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fjrs.1669'>doi:10.1002\u002Fjrs.1669\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1002\u002Fjrs.1669",{"id":156,"year":152,"html":157,"doi":158},64441,"Schindler, M., Hawthorne, F. C., Halden, N. M., Burns, P. C., Maurice, P. A. (2007) Dissolution of uranyl-oxide-hydroxy-hydrate minerals. III. Billietite. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  45 (4) 945-962 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.45.4.945'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.45.4.945\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.45.4.945",{"id":160,"year":161,"html":162,"doi":11},16963243,2020,"(2020) Billietite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002FBillietite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",[164,174,181,191,199,206,213,220,226,232,240,246,254,259,266,272,278,283,293,302],{"id":165,"source_url":166,"license_code":167,"credit_html":168,"title":169,"description":170,"author":171,"original_width":172,"original_height":173},3266,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=47090814","CC BY-SA 4.0","Weirdmeister, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=47090814\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite 4.jpg","orange Billietite crystalls from (with red-orange Vandendriesscheite needles), Shinkolobwe Mine (Kasolo Mine), Shinkolobwe, Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo, FOV 4,5 mm","Weirdmeister",1600,863,{"id":175,"source_url":176,"license_code":167,"credit_html":177,"title":178,"description":179,"author":171,"original_width":172,"original_height":180},3267,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=47091097","Weirdmeister, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=47091097\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite 6.jpg","orange Billietite crystalls from (with red-orange Vandendriesscheite needles), Shinkolobwe Mine (Kasolo Mine), Shinkolobwe, Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo, FOV 8.5 mm",1045,{"id":182,"source_url":183,"license_code":184,"credit_html":185,"title":186,"description":187,"author":188,"original_width":189,"original_height":190},2935,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153203","CC BY-SA 3.0","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153203\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Becquerelite-180974.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBillietite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Billietite\">Billietite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBecquerelite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Becquerelite\">Becquerelite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Shinkolobwe Mine (Kasolo Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShinkolobwe\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shinkolobwe\">Shinkolobwe\u003C\u002Fa>, Central area, Katanga Copper Crescent, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKatanga\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Katanga\">Katanga (Shaba)\u003C\u002Fa>, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4328.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 1.9 x 1.7 x 1.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Sharp, gemmy crystals of this extremely rare species, textbook in form, to just under 2mm poke out from protected pockets in this small matrix. The billietite are the orange crystals, easily seen and eye-visible. Becquerelite occurs on this piece as unusually gemmy, transparent yellow crystals underlying the Billietite. TYPE LOCALITY for both species.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",800,789,{"id":192,"source_url":193,"license_code":184,"credit_html":194,"title":195,"description":196,"author":188,"original_width":197,"original_height":198},35809,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137216","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137216\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vandenbrandeite-Billietite-Malachite-69245.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVandenbrandeite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vandenbrandeite\">Vandenbrandeite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBillietite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Billietite\">Billietite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMalachite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Malachite\">Malachite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Musonoi Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKolwezi\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kolwezi\">Kolwezi\u003C\u002Fa>, Western area, Katanga Copper Crescent, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKatanga\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Katanga\">Katanga (Shaba)\u003C\u002Fa>, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4322.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Microcrystalline red-orange billietite microcrystals with rich coverings of dark green Vandenbrandeite crystals, amongst malachite . Not so great a billietite, but a very good Vandenbrandeite for the price and the billietite is a bit of a bonus 3.3 x 2.9 x 2 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",542,600,{"id":200,"source_url":201,"license_code":184,"credit_html":202,"title":203,"description":187,"author":188,"original_width":204,"original_height":205},2936,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153205","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153205\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Becquerelite-180975.jpg",330,400,{"id":207,"source_url":208,"license_code":184,"credit_html":209,"title":210,"description":187,"author":188,"original_width":211,"original_height":212},2937,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153208","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153208\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Becquerelite-180976.jpg",500,454,{"id":214,"source_url":215,"license_code":184,"credit_html":216,"title":217,"description":218,"author":188,"original_width":189,"original_height":219},3263,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176606","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176606\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Uranophane-201153.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBillietite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Billietite\">Billietite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FUranophane\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Uranophane\">Uranophane - alpha\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Shinkolobwe Mine (Kasolo Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShinkolobwe\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shinkolobwe\">Shinkolobwe\u003C\u002Fa>, Central area, Katanga Copper Crescent, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKatanga\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Katanga\">Katanga (Shaba)\u003C\u002Fa>, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4328.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.9 x 3.9 x 2.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>The mineral crystallizes here in bright yellow-orange transparent crystals of textbook shape, sub-mm but eye-visible, presented nicely on underlying tufts of acicular Uranophane. Named after a prominent Belgian, who at the time were the leaders in mineralogy of this region as they helped develop it, this is a very rare specimen of billietite because of the sheer richness of the piece. Usually we see this mineral as specks on other minerals, in a limited coverage. Here, many crystals of sharp billietite, sub-mm but eye-visible, sit perched on acicular Uranophane needles covering a large display face. From the prominent radioactive mineral collection of Alain Caubel, of France.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",571,{"id":221,"source_url":222,"license_code":184,"credit_html":223,"title":224,"description":218,"author":188,"original_width":225,"original_height":189},3264,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176607","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176607\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Uranophane-201154.jpg",754,{"id":227,"source_url":228,"license_code":184,"credit_html":229,"title":230,"description":231,"author":188,"original_width":189,"original_height":198},35810,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10159060","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10159060\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Cuprosklodowskite-Malachite-201130.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBillietite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Billietite\">Billietite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCuprosklodowskite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cuprosklodowskite\">Cuprosklodowskite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMalachite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Malachite\">Malachite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Musonoi Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKolwezi\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kolwezi\">Kolwezi\u003C\u002Fa>, Western area, Katanga Copper Crescent, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKatanga\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Katanga\">Katanga (Shaba)\u003C\u002Fa>, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4322.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4 x 4 x 4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Here we have a very rare mineral from the Musonoi mine, Billietite. In this specimen it is associated with green Cuprosklodowskite crystals and Malachite needles. The mineral crystallize in yellow-orange transparent crystals of typical shape. The matrix and associations are also typical for Musonoi material. When Dr. Michel Deliens wrote his book about the uranium minerals of Katanga in 1981, he did not mention the mineral from Musonoi because it was not known from there. The specimens where recovered during the removal of the uranium dump in the early 1990’s.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":233,"source_url":234,"license_code":184,"credit_html":235,"title":236,"description":237,"author":188,"original_width":238,"original_height":239},3265,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10457441","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10457441\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Becquerelite-Billietite-rad08-04c.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBecquerelite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Becquerelite\">Becquerelite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBillietite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Billietite\">Billietite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Shinkolobwe Mine (Kasolo Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShinkolobwe\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shinkolobwe\">Shinkolobwe\u003C\u002Fa>, Central area, Katanga Copper Crescent, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKatanga\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Katanga\">Katanga (Shaba)\u003C\u002Fa>, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4328.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 1.9 x 1.7 x 1.4 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Billietite with Becquerelite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>SHARP, GEMMY crystals of this extremely rare species, textbook in form, to just under 2mm poke out from protected pockets in this small matrix. The billietite are the orange crystals, easily seen and eye-visible in every facert. Becquerelite occurs on this piece as unusually gemmy, transparent yellow crystals underelaying the Billietite. Both species are simply high quality crystals, and stunningly beautiful under a loupe. Although a small piece overall, it is highly significant. TYPE LOCALITY for both species\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",360,392,{"id":241,"source_url":242,"license_code":184,"credit_html":243,"title":244,"description":231,"author":188,"original_width":205,"original_height":245},35811,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10159061","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10159061\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Cuprosklodowskite-Malachite-201131.jpg",320,{"id":247,"source_url":248,"license_code":184,"credit_html":249,"title":250,"description":251,"author":188,"original_width":252,"original_height":253},21326,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176775","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176775\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutherfordine-Billietite-Uranophane-214938.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutherfordine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutherfordine\">Rutherfordine\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBillietite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Billietite\">Billietite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FUranophane\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Uranophane\">Uranophane - alpha\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Shinkolobwe Mine (Kasolo Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShinkolobwe\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shinkolobwe\">Shinkolobwe\u003C\u002Fa>, Central area, Katanga Copper Crescent, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKatanga\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Katanga\">Katanga (Shaba)\u003C\u002Fa>, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4328.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.5 x 2.0 x 0.7 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Here we have a small specimen from the Shinkolobwe Mine which is richly covered with dark beige Rutherfordine crystal clusters in fan shaped form and yellow Uranophane. Crystallized Rutherfordine of this quality is known pretty much only from this mine. On both sides there are several well defined orange Billietite crystals up to 1.5 mm. Shinkolobwe is the Type Locality for Billietite, a mine that is closed now for decades.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",1024,768,{"id":255,"source_url":256,"license_code":184,"credit_html":257,"title":258,"description":251,"author":188,"original_width":189,"original_height":198},21327,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176776","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176776\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutherfordine-Billietite-Uranophane-214939.jpg",{"id":260,"source_url":261,"license_code":184,"credit_html":262,"title":263,"description":264,"author":188,"original_width":205,"original_height":265},35812,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10444828","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10444828\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Malachite-Quartz-bb10c.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBillietite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Billietite\">Billietite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMalachite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Malachite\">Malachite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVandenbrandeite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vandenbrandeite\">Vandenbrandeite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Musonoi Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKolwezi\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kolwezi\">Kolwezi\u003C\u002Fa>, Western area, Katanga Copper Crescent, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKatanga\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Katanga\">Katanga (Shaba)\u003C\u002Fa>, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4322.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 3.3 x 2.9 x 2 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Billietite Xls with Vandenbrandeite and Malachite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Microcrystalline red-orange billietite microcrystals with rich coverings of dark green Vandenbrandeite crystals, amongst malachite . Not so great a billietite, but a very good Vandenbrandeite for the price and the billietite is a bit of a bonus\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",319,{"id":267,"source_url":268,"license_code":184,"credit_html":269,"title":270,"description":264,"author":188,"original_width":205,"original_height":271},35813,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10444829","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10444829\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Malachite-Quartz-bb10b.jpg",383,{"id":273,"source_url":274,"license_code":184,"credit_html":275,"title":276,"description":277,"author":188,"original_width":225,"original_height":189},35814,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453825","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453825\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Uranophane-mun08rad-02a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBillietite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Billietite\">Billietite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FUranophane\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Uranophane\">Uranophane - alpha\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Shinkolobwe Mine (Kasolo Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShinkolobwe\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shinkolobwe\">Shinkolobwe\u003C\u002Fa>, Central area, Katanga Copper Crescent, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKatanga\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Katanga\">Katanga (Shaba)\u003C\u002Fa>, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4328.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 5.9 x 3.9 x 2.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Billietite on Uranophane\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>The mineral crystallizes here in bright yellow-orange transparent crystals of textbook shape, sub-mm but eye-visible, presented nicely on underlaying tufs of acicular Uranophane. Named after a prominent Belgian, who at the time were the leaders in mineralogy of this region as they helped develop it, this is a very rare specimen of billietite because of the sheer richness of the piece. Usually we see this mineral as specks on other minerals, in a limited coverage. Here, many crystals of sharp billietite, sub-mm but eye-visible, sit perched on acicular Uranophane needles covering a large display face! From the prominent radioactives collection of Alain Caubel, of France.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":279,"source_url":280,"license_code":184,"credit_html":281,"title":282,"description":277,"author":188,"original_width":189,"original_height":219},35815,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453826","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453826\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Billietite-Uranophane-mun08rad-02b.jpg",{"id":284,"source_url":285,"license_code":286,"credit_html":287,"title":288,"description":289,"author":290,"original_width":291,"original_height":292},16058,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=28109910","CC0 1.0","Klaproth, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=28109910\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Studtite-Billietite.jpg","Paragenisis of studtite (white, fine needles) with billietite (yellow crystals) from Menzenschwand, Germany (width: 3 mm)","Klaproth",1272,909,{"id":294,"source_url":295,"license_code":184,"credit_html":296,"title":297,"description":298,"author":299,"original_width":300,"original_height":301},35816,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=34106407","BLFrank, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=34106407\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Cuprosklodowskit, Billietit, Menzenschwand.jpg","Light-green acicular, sperical cuprosklodowskite with honey-yellow billietite from Krunkelbach mine, Menzenschwand, Germany (field of view: 6 mm)","BLFrank",1000,690,{"id":303,"source_url":304,"license_code":167,"credit_html":305,"title":306,"description":307,"author":171,"original_width":221,"original_height":308},27264,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=46703631","Weirdmeister, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=46703631\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vandendriesscheite Billietite.JPG","Vandendriesscheite from Shinolobwe Mine, Katanga, Congo (with Billietite)",2176,[310,316],{"id":311,"url":312,"label":313,"formula":314,"spacegroup":315,"year":147},1559,"\u002Fcif\u002F1559.cif","Finch 2006","Ba U6 O30 H6","P b n 21",{"id":317,"url":318,"label":319,"formula":320,"spacegroup":315,"year":129},1560,"\u002Fcif\u002F1560.cif","Pagoaga 1987","U6 Ba O23",[],[323,328,332,336,340,343,347,351,356,360,363,366,370,374],{"lang":324,"names":325},"ca",[326,327],"bil·lietita","billietita",{"lang":329,"names":330},"de",[331],"Billietit",{"lang":333,"names":334},"es",[335],"Billietita",{"lang":337,"names":338},"et",[339],"billietiit",{"lang":341,"names":342},"eu",[335],{"lang":344,"names":345},"it",[346],"billietite",{"lang":348,"names":349},"mk",[350],"Билиетит",{"lang":352,"names":353},"mn",[354,355],"Биллиетит","Биллиэят",{"lang":357,"names":358},"nl",[359],"Billietiet",{"lang":361,"names":362},"pl",[331],{"lang":364,"names":365},"ru",[354],{"lang":367,"names":368},"ta",[369],"பில்லிடைட்டு",{"lang":371,"names":372},"uk",[373],"Бійєтит",{"lang":375,"names":376},"zh",[377],"黄钡铀矿","Q3640019",{"history":11,"applications":11}]