[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:787":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":11,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":14,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":14,"elements":15,"sigelements":18,"key_elements":19,"impurities":20,"cim":21,"ima_status":22,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":25,"strunz10ed1":26,"strunz10ed2":27,"strunz10ed3":27,"strunz10ed4":28,"dana8ed1":26,"dana8ed2":26,"dana8ed3":29,"dana8ed4":30,"csystem":31,"cclass":32,"spacegroup":11,"spacegroupset":33,"a":34,"b":35,"c":36,"alpha":33,"beta":33,"gamma":33,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":32,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":37,"twinning":38,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":39,"morphology":40,"tlform":41,"hmin":42,"hmax":43,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":33,"vhnmax":33,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":44,"dmeas2":45,"dcalc":46,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":47,"lustretype":48,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":49,"streak":50,"colour":51,"commentcolor":11,"colors":52,"streak_colors":60,"luminescence":11,"uv":61,"cleavage":62,"cleavagetype":63,"fracturetype":64,"tenacity":65,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":66,"opticalsign":67,"opticalalpha":68,"opticalalpha2":33,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":69,"opticalbeta2":33,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":70,"opticalgamma2":33,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":33,"opticalomega2":33,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":33,"opticalepsilon2":33,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":33,"opticaln2":33,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":71,"optical2vcalc2":72,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":33,"optical2vmeasured2":73,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":74,"rimax":75,"opticaldispersion":76,"opticalpleochroism":77,"opticalpleochorismdesc":78,"opticalbirefringence":79,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":80,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":81,"otheroccurrence":82,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":83,"aboutname":84,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":85,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":86,"group_members":95,"associates":96,"confused_with":116,"type_localities":133,"occurrence_total":140,"citations":141,"images":206,"structures":446,"synonyms":458,"language_names":465,"wikidata_qid":592,"texts":593},787,"1:1:787:8","93cd2aa0-c85d-4041-8ca0-01b40f517bcf","Brookite","Brk",0,"mineral",null,20087,false,"TiO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",[16,17],"Ti","O",[16,17],[16],"Fe,Ta,Nb","7.9.4",[23,24],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1825","4","D","10","5","1","Orthorhombic",8,"0","5.4558","9.1819","5.1429","Space Group: Pcab","On {120}, uncertain","Rutile {110} [001] parallel to brookite {120} [001].\r\nRutile {110} [001] parallel to brookite {111} [001].","Crystals typically tabular on {010}, striated parallel to [001] and elongated; pyramidal {111} or pseudohexagonal with {120} and {111} equally developed; also prismatic on [001] with {120} prominent; rarely tabular on {001} or pseudo-pyramidal.","Bladed red to brown transparent to translucent bladed crystals with longitudinal striations.",5.5,6,"4.08","4.18","4.133","Metallic, Adamantine","Adamantine,Sub-Adamantine,Vitreous,Sub-Vitreous,Sub-Metallic","Transparent,Translucent,Opaque","White to greyish white or yellowish white","Brown, yellowish brown, reddish brown; dark brown to iron-black; yellowish brown to dark brown in transmitted light",[53,54,55,56,57,58,59],"brown","yellow","red","black","white","gray","orange",[57,58,54],"Not fluorescent in ultraviolet","on {120}, in traces on {001}","Poor\u002FIndistinct","Irregular\u002FUneven,Sub-Conchoidal","brittle","Biaxial","+","2.5831","2.5843","2.7004","12","20","28",2.5831,2.7004,"r > v, very strong, with crossed axial dispersion","Weak","Yellow, red, orange to brown","0.1173","Parallel","Hydrothermal vein","An accessory mineral in alpine veins in gneiss and schist; in contact metamorphic zones and hydrothermal veinlets; a common detrital mineral.","Brookite is one of the five forms of titanium dioxide found in nature.","Named in 1825 by Serve-Dieu Abailard \"Armand\" Lévy in honor of Henry James Brooke [May 25, 1771 Exeter, England, UK - 1857 London, England, UK], wealthy textile manufacturer and actuary, amateur English crystallographer and mineralogist. Brooke discovered 12 minerals:  Annabergite, Autunite, Arfvedsonite, Caledonite, Childrenite, Linarite, Nitronatrite, Susannite, Thomsonite, and Whewellite. He was author of \u003Cem>A Familiar Introduction to Crystallography\u003C\u002Fem> and co-author of \u003Cem> Elementary Introduction to Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fem> (1852). He wrote numerous scientific articles and was a fellow of the Royal Society, Geological Society of London, and the Linnaen Society.","2026-04-10 13:07:28",[87,91],{"id":88,"name":89,"entrytype":90,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":14,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":33,"dcalc":33,"primary_image_id":11},7844,"Arkansite",2,{"id":92,"name":93,"entrytype":90,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":94,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},55728,"Niobium-bearing Brookite","(Ti,Nb,Fe)O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",[],[97,104,108],{"id":98,"name":99,"entrytype":9,"csystem":100,"ima_formula":14,"mindat_formula":14,"hmin":42,"hmax":43,"dmeas":101,"dcalc":102,"primary_image_id":103},213,"Anatase","Tetragonal","3.79","3.89",1314,{"id":105,"name":106,"entrytype":90,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":107,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":33,"dcalc":33,"primary_image_id":11},27165,"Star Garnet","Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",{"id":109,"name":110,"entrytype":9,"csystem":31,"ima_formula":111,"mindat_formula":112,"hmin":43,"hmax":43,"dmeas":113,"dcalc":114,"primary_image_id":115},4034,"Tsaregorodtsevite","N(CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiAl)O\u003Csub>12\u003C\u002Fsub>","(N(CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(AlSi\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>12\u003C\u002Fsub>)","2.04","2.01",24628,[117,121,122,126],{"id":118,"name":119,"entrytype":9,"csystem":120,"ima_formula":14,"mindat_formula":14,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},35912,"Akaogiite","Monoclinic",{"id":98,"name":99,"entrytype":9,"csystem":100,"ima_formula":14,"mindat_formula":14,"hmin":42,"hmax":43,"dmeas":101,"dcalc":102,"primary_image_id":103},{"id":123,"name":124,"entrytype":9,"csystem":120,"ima_formula":14,"mindat_formula":14,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":125,"primary_image_id":11},51474,"Riesite","4.37",{"id":127,"name":128,"entrytype":9,"csystem":100,"ima_formula":14,"mindat_formula":14,"hmin":43,"hmax":129,"dmeas":130,"dcalc":131,"primary_image_id":132},3486,"Rutile",6.5,"4.23","4.25",30644,[134],{"id":135,"txt":136,"latitude":137,"longitude":138,"country":139},4279,"Twll Maen Grisial, Fron Olau, Prenteg, Dolbenmaen, Gwynedd, Wales, UK",52.948069,-4.1131137,"UK",702,[142,146,149,153,157,162,166,170,174,178,182,186,190,194,198,202],{"id":143,"year":144,"html":145,"doi":11},16104046,1825,"Levy, M. (1825) An account of a new mineral. The Annals of Philosophy: 9: 140-142.",{"id":147,"year":144,"html":148,"doi":11},16104047,"Haidinger, W. (1825) Beschreibung mehrerer neuer oder bisher nur unvollkommen bekannter Mineralien. Annalen der Physik, 5, 157-177 (162).",{"id":150,"year":151,"html":152,"doi":11},16104048,1850,"Kokscharow, N. (1850) Ueber Brookit-Krystalle vom Ural. Annalen der Physik, 155(3), 454-464.",{"id":154,"year":155,"html":156,"doi":11},16104049,1858,"Des Cloizeaux (1858) Annales minéralogiques: 14: 361.",{"id":158,"year":159,"html":160,"doi":161},101527,1884,"Zepharovich, V. von (1884) Ueber Brookit, Wulfenit und Skolezit. \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Krystallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie\u003C\u002Fi>,  8 (1-6). 577-592 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1884.8.1.577'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1884.8.1.577\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1884.8.1.577",{"id":163,"year":164,"html":165,"doi":11},16104050,1928,"Pauling, L., Sturdivant, J.H. (1928) The crystal structure of brookite. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 68: 239-256.",{"id":167,"year":164,"html":168,"doi":169},104003,"Sehröder, Alfred (1928) Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Feinbaues des Brookits und des physikalischen Verhaltens sowie derZustandsänderungen der drei natürlichen Titandioxyde. \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Kristallographie\u003C\u002Fi>,  67 (1-6). 485-542 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1928.67.1.485'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1928.67.1.485\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1928.67.1.485",{"id":171,"year":172,"html":173,"doi":11},16104051,1929,"Arnold, W. (1929) Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Brookit in morphologischer und optischer Hinsicht. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 71: 344-405.",{"id":175,"year":176,"html":177,"doi":11},16104052,1930,"Holzgang, F. (1930) Zur Morphologie von Fluorit, Scheelit und Brookit. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 10: 374-476.",{"id":179,"year":180,"html":181,"doi":11},16104053,1933,"Berek, M., Strieder, F. (1933) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der komplexen Indikatrix rhombisch schwach absorbierender Kristalle. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 86: 212-224.",{"id":183,"year":184,"html":185,"doi":11},16100436,1942,"Schoßberger, F. (1942) Über die Umwandlungen des Titandioxyds. Journal of Solid State Chemistry: 104: 358-374.",{"id":187,"year":188,"html":189,"doi":11},1118651,1944,"Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.",{"id":191,"year":192,"html":193,"doi":11},16104055,1962,"Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A., Zussman, J. (1962) Rock-forming minerals, Vol. 4, Non-Silicates: 44-47.",{"id":195,"year":196,"html":197,"doi":11},16104056,1979,"Meagher, E.P., Lager, G.A. (1979) Polyhedral thermal expansion in the TiO2 polymorphs: refinement of the crystal structures of rutile and brookite at high temperature. The Canadian Mineralogist: 17: 77-85.",{"id":199,"year":200,"html":201,"doi":11},15933295,1997,"Anthony, J. W. et al. (1997): Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. 3, 80",{"id":203,"year":204,"html":205,"doi":11},16963383,2005,"(2005) Brookite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fbrookite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",[207,217,224,228,237,245,252,258,265,274,283,290,300,307,314,324,331,337,344,352,360,368,374,381,388,395,402,409,416,424,433,439],{"id":208,"source_url":209,"license_code":210,"credit_html":211,"title":212,"description":213,"author":214,"original_width":215,"original_height":216},4019,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1379646","CC BY-SA 3.0","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1379646\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookit2 Pakistan.jpg","brookit, pochodzenie Pakistan, autor zdjęcia Stowarzyszenie Spirifer, 25.10.2006 r.","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims).",650,450,{"id":218,"source_url":219,"license_code":220,"credit_html":221,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":222,"original_height":223},29320,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115133","CC BY 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115133\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,666,{"id":225,"source_url":226,"license_code":220,"credit_html":227,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":222,"original_height":223},29321,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115044","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115044\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":229,"source_url":230,"license_code":210,"credit_html":231,"title":232,"description":233,"author":234,"original_width":235,"original_height":236},33777,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165164","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165164\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-238977.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTaftan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Taftan\">Taftan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChagai_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chagai District\">Chagai District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-192366.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.5 x 2.0 x 0.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This pristine brookite piece has a great dramatic splay to it that gives it a good 3-dimensionality for the size. The zoning adds more interest to it, and it is pristine and complete.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",800,659,{"id":238,"source_url":239,"license_code":210,"credit_html":240,"title":241,"description":242,"author":234,"original_width":243,"original_height":244},33781,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10441666","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10441666\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-mun05-22a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKharan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kharan\">Kharan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-56008.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2.3 x 1.3 x 0.1 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Brookite Xl\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A stunning, cherry-red brookite crystal from recent finds here! These bright red examples have set a new standard for the species! 2.3 x 1.3 x 0.1 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",311,400,{"id":246,"source_url":247,"license_code":210,"credit_html":248,"title":249,"description":242,"author":234,"original_width":250,"original_height":251},33782,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10441667","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10441667\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-mun05-22b.jpg",473,600,{"id":253,"source_url":254,"license_code":210,"credit_html":255,"title":256,"description":257,"author":234,"original_width":235,"original_height":236},33783,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10448811","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10448811\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-gem7-07a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKharan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kharan\">Kharan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-56008.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2.5 x 2.0 x 0.4 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Brookite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>OK, ok, so the stuff is common now after a HUGE find the last 2 years in the Pakistani mountains...but common or not in quantity, specimens like THIS superb thumbnail are certainly NOT readily seen or availaable. This pristine piece has a great dramatic splay t it that gives it a good 3-dimensionality for the size. The zoning adds more interest to it, and it is pristine and complete!\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":259,"source_url":260,"license_code":210,"credit_html":261,"title":262,"description":263,"author":234,"original_width":264,"original_height":235},33784,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10465059","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10465059\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-t07-100a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKharan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kharan\">Kharan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-56008.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 4.9 x 2.3 x 0.4 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Brookite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a rather large, well formed, fine, single crystal, of lustrous, translucent, brownish-red, brookite. As slender as this crystal is, it has no damage at all. Only at the base where it was removed from the matrix, is there contact. Beautiful! And, I think, a bargain for the price...brookite is common for the moment due to recent finds in Pakistan, but it will NOT always be the case. This is a large pristine crystal, and imposing by any standard - they just happen to be cheap at the moment.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",442,{"id":266,"source_url":267,"license_code":268,"credit_html":269,"title":270,"description":7,"author":271,"original_width":272,"original_height":273},33786,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=22811337","CC BY-SA 2.0","AnemoneProjectors (talk), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=22811337\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Natural History Museum 140 (8047046315).jpg","AnemoneProjectors (talk)",3507,2630,{"id":275,"source_url":276,"license_code":210,"credit_html":277,"title":278,"description":279,"author":280,"original_width":281,"original_height":282},33788,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=128865357","HolDu, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=128865357\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite (OM1-487).JPG","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookit\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:Brookit\">Brookit\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Fundort: Kharan Mountain, Baluchistan, Pakistan\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Beschreibung: Bräunliche Kristallstufe auf \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuarz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:Quarz\">Quarz\u003C\u002Fa>. Die Brookitkristalle sind ca. 1 bis 1,5 cm groß und enthalten dunkle Zonierungen entlang der c-Achse [001]\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Kamera und Fototechnik: Erstellt mit \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOM_System_OM-1\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:OM System OM-1\">Olympus OM-1\u003C\u002Fa> und dem integrierten, automatischen Focus Stacking (15 Bilder)\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","HolDu",3252,3612,{"id":284,"source_url":285,"license_code":210,"credit_html":286,"title":287,"description":279,"author":280,"original_width":288,"original_height":289},33789,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=128865603","HolDu, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=128865603\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite (OM1-503).JPG",2370,3100,{"id":291,"source_url":292,"license_code":293,"credit_html":294,"title":295,"description":296,"author":297,"original_width":298,"original_height":299},33790,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=130862433","CC BY-SA 4.0","Kaethe17, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=130862433\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookit.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa> (Weight: 16.6 g) – Locality: Magnet Cove, Arkansas, USA","Kaethe17",4177,2784,{"id":301,"source_url":302,"license_code":210,"credit_html":303,"title":304,"description":305,"author":234,"original_width":235,"original_height":306},4020,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146994","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146994\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Rutile-158391.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Crystals to 5 mm. Literally hundreds of dark gray brookite\u002Frutile crystals, to .5 cm across, fill up this vial. Ex. Carnegie Museum Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",252,{"id":308,"source_url":309,"license_code":210,"credit_html":310,"title":311,"description":312,"author":234,"original_width":313,"original_height":215},4858,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172331","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172331\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-282211.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTaftan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Taftan\">Taftan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChagai_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chagai District\">Chagai District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-192366.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 9.8 x 9.5 x 6.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A striking, 2.0 cm, highly lustrous, mahogany-colored brookite blade rests in a very imposing position on the side of an aesthetic, cathedral-like cluster of water-clear quartz spires. The termination of the brookite crystal was engulfed by the growing adjacent quartz crystal with stunning effect. This impressive piece, with such complexity, is nearly pristine in frontal view. It is one of the finer pieces I know of from a small series of finds in 2007. The 7.2 cm, compound quartz crystal cluster on the back right side is actually a doubly terminated scepter.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",567,{"id":315,"source_url":316,"license_code":317,"credit_html":318,"title":319,"description":320,"author":321,"original_width":322,"original_height":323},33770,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3813082","Public domain","Vassil, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3813082\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite sur quartz 170308.jpg","Brookite sur quartz, Pakistan.","Vassil",1984,1428,{"id":325,"source_url":326,"license_code":210,"credit_html":327,"title":328,"description":329,"author":234,"original_width":330,"original_height":251},4021,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154019","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154019\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-Brookite-184624.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.3 x 2.3 x 1.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A titanium paramorph of high quality, this cluster of lustrous, black crystals of rutile having replaced brookite features crystals that are doubly terminated , with the largest one reaching 2.0 cm in length. Ex. Carnegie Museum Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",550,{"id":332,"source_url":333,"license_code":317,"credit_html":334,"title":335,"description":320,"author":321,"original_width":336,"original_height":336},33771,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3813116","Vassil, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3813116\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite sur quartz 170308 2.jpg",1457,{"id":338,"source_url":339,"license_code":210,"credit_html":340,"title":341,"description":342,"author":234,"original_width":251,"original_height":343},4022,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419358","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419358\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-Rutile-t5085a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTaftan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Taftan\">Taftan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChagai_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chagai District\">Chagai District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-192366.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 5.3 x 4.3 x 1.6 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Quartz enclosing Rutile and Brookite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This specimen is a sharp doubly-terminated quartz literally loaded with BOTH brookite and rutile inclusions! I just couldn't believe it when i saw it - both in one piece, and so aesthetic as well?! 5.3 x 4.3 x 1.6 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",513,{"id":345,"source_url":346,"license_code":210,"credit_html":347,"title":348,"description":349,"author":234,"original_width":350,"original_height":351},33772,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137041","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137041\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-66843.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTaftan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Taftan\">Taftan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChagai_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chagai District\">Chagai District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-192366.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An EXQUISITE toenail of a highly lustrous, wafer-thin, 2.5 cm, clove-brown brookite crystal beautifully surrounded by transparent quartz crystals from recent finds in the Kharan Mountains of Pakistan. Jus tsuperb for association and aesthetics!!! 3.1 x 2.5 x 2.2 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",365,500,{"id":353,"source_url":354,"license_code":210,"credit_html":355,"title":356,"description":357,"author":234,"original_width":358,"original_height":359},4023,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443588","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443588\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Rutile-4mc2a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 1.8 X 1.5 X 1.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>RUTILE paramorph after BROOKITE (twinned )\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A sharp , cyclic- twinned brookite crystal replaced by lustrous rutile! Old classic material! Mke Howard had an article in Rocks and Minerals a few years back that talked about these crystals, in considerable detail. Basically, any \"brookite\" that is a pseudohexagonal bipyramid (not twinned) and that is bigger than a quarter-inch is virtually always replaced by rutile (this can be recognised by striations, that sometimes create a \"moire effect\", on the surface..You can also often spot a hint of the red internal reflections that characterize rutile, and the color is a little different from the black lustrous brookite xls.) I could be wrong and this one could be an exception - a very large brookite dipyramid. The striations I do see tell me it is a rutile.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",360,338,{"id":361,"source_url":362,"license_code":210,"credit_html":363,"title":364,"description":365,"author":234,"original_width":366,"original_height":367},33774,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154752","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154752\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-188357.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLe_Bourg-d%27Oisans\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Le Bourg-d'Oisans\">Bourg d'Oisans\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FIs%C3%A8re\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Isère\">Isère\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRh%C3%B4ne-Alpes\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rhône-Alpes\">Rhône-Alpes\u003C\u002Fa>, France (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-1683.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.1 x 3.6 x 1.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A rare, old-time, and superb combination specimen from the Rhone-Alpes area of France. Two, red paper arrows point the way to two, thin, tabular, brown brookite crystals hidden in a jackstraw cluster of glassy, water-clear quartz crystals. The large brookite is 6 mm. Ex. George Elling Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",367,599,{"id":369,"source_url":370,"license_code":210,"credit_html":371,"title":372,"description":357,"author":234,"original_width":373,"original_height":358},4024,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443589","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443589\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Rutile-4mc2b.jpg",333,{"id":375,"source_url":376,"license_code":210,"credit_html":377,"title":378,"description":379,"author":234,"original_width":380,"original_height":244},33775,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10159328","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10159328\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-201714.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 8.6 x 6.7 x 3.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Brookite is a signature mineral species from the famous Magnet Cove deposit of Arkansas and this fine specimen is richly covered with splendent, metallic-gray, blocky brookite crystals to 1.3 cm on a sculptural, crystallized quartz matrix. Ex. Richard Hauck Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",392,{"id":382,"source_url":383,"license_code":210,"credit_html":384,"title":385,"description":386,"author":234,"original_width":358,"original_height":387},4025,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443622","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443622\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Rutile-4mc49a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2 X 1.8 X 1.3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>RUTILE paramorph after BROOKITE\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A sharp , cyclic- twinned brookite crystal replaced by lustrous rutile! Old classic material! Much better in person. Mke Howard had an article in Rocks and Minerals a few years back that talked about these crystals, in considerable detail. Basically, any \"brookite\" that is a pseudohexagonal bipyramid (not twinned) and that is bigger than a quarter-inch is virtually always replaced by rutile (this can be recognised by striations, that sometimes create a \"moire effect\", on the surface..You can also often spot a hint of the red internal reflections that characterize rutile, and the color is a little different from the black lustrous brookite xls.) I could be wrong and this one could be an exception - a very large brookite dipyramid. The striations I do see tell me it is a rutile.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",303,{"id":389,"source_url":390,"license_code":210,"credit_html":391,"title":392,"description":393,"author":234,"original_width":394,"original_height":244},33776,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165161","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165161\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-238975.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 7.7 x 6.5 x 4.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This specimen, probably from the old Christy location at Magnet Cove, features a quartz rich vug, with colorless quartz crystals, to 1.5 cm in length, upon which are perched two equant, black brookite crystals, with astonishing luster. The brookite crystals measure 1.2 cm across. Ex. Richard Hauck Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",363,{"id":396,"source_url":397,"license_code":210,"credit_html":398,"title":399,"description":400,"author":234,"original_width":401,"original_height":251},4026,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10466067","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10466067\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-Rutile-t5108a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTaftan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Taftan\">Taftan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChagai_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chagai District\">Chagai District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-192366.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 3 x 1.9 x 1.4 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Quartz enclosing Rutile and Brookite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>WOW! THE PIC SAYS IT ALL! THIS CLEAR, doubly-terminated quartz encloses a 2.2 cm doubly-terminated brookite crystal that is floating in perfect alignment to the axis of the quartz, as if it grew around the brookite as a seed! Small acicular rutile crystals shoot off the brookite, as well. This small treasure , for rarity and novel aesthetics, is one of the best included quartzes of ANY type that I have ever seen. It has every quality you can ask for in a significant inclusion, including the fact that the brookite even on its own would be a major example of the species.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",468,{"id":403,"source_url":404,"license_code":210,"credit_html":405,"title":406,"description":407,"author":234,"original_width":251,"original_height":408},33778,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165166","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165166\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-Brookite-238979.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 1.82 x 1.8 x 1.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A sharp, cyclic-twinned brookite crystal replaced by lustrous rutile. Old classic material. Much better in person. Mike Howard had an article in Rocks and Minerals a few years back that talked about these crystals, in considerable detail. Basically, any \"brookite\" that is a pseudohexagonal bipyramid (not twinned) and that is bigger than a quarter-inch is virtually always replaced by rutile (this can be recognised by striations that sometimes create a \"moire effect\", on the surface. You can also often spot a hint of the red internal reflections that characterize rutile, and the color is a little different from the black lustrous brookite xls). Ex. Carlton Davis Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",528,{"id":410,"source_url":411,"license_code":210,"credit_html":412,"title":413,"description":414,"author":234,"original_width":415,"original_height":251},33779,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10169973","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10169973\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-265760.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDiamantina\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Diamantina\">Diamantina\u003C\u002Fa>, Jequitinhonha valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-396.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.2 x 2.8 x 2.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This specimen of quartz encloses a sharp brookite inclusion, a single elongated crystal with perpendicular \"wings\" of minute acicular brookite crystals flying off of it to the sides. You can see why the Brazilians call these \"dragonflies\" in quartz. Polished to highlight the inclusion, this is a remarkably clear crystal core, and with one of the larger such inclusions I have seen. Weighs 61 grams.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",409,{"id":417,"source_url":418,"license_code":210,"credit_html":419,"title":420,"description":421,"author":234,"original_width":422,"original_height":423},33780,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172968","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172968\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-284786.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKharan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kharan\">Kharan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-56008.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 7.5 x 2.2 x 1.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>From the find of the Fall of 2004. These Brookite specimens are some of the finest quality \"Alpine-type\" Brookites in the world. Reminiscent of the finest true Alpine Brookite specimens from the Italian and Swiss Alps, these crystals are just as sharp, lustrous, gemmy and colorful. This particular specimen features a few good quality razor-sharp, lustrous, gemmy, fiery red-orange Brookite crystals with classic black \"phantoms\" running the length of the crystals. To top if off, the Brookites are sitting atop doubly-terminated, multi-crystallized, colorless, sharp lustrous Quartz crystals with slight inclusions of \"Byssolite\". Ex. Richard Kosnar Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",497,432,{"id":425,"source_url":426,"license_code":210,"credit_html":427,"title":428,"description":429,"author":430,"original_width":431,"original_height":432},33785,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=21684102","Parent Géry, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=21684102\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite, quartz.jpeg","cristaux de brookite, cristaux de quartz : Kharan, Balochistan (Baluchistan), Pakistan","Parent Géry",4288,2848,{"id":434,"source_url":435,"license_code":210,"credit_html":436,"title":437,"description":438,"author":430,"original_width":431,"original_height":432},33787,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=23331265","Parent Géry, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=23331265\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite, quartz 5.jpeg","crystals of brookite, crystals of quartz : Kharan, Balochistan (Baluchistan), Pakistan",{"id":440,"source_url":441,"license_code":210,"credit_html":442,"title":443,"description":312,"author":234,"original_width":444,"original_height":445},4857,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172330","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172330\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-282210.jpg",486,700,[447,453],{"id":448,"url":449,"label":450,"formula":451,"spacegroup":452,"year":196},1937,"\u002Fcif\u002F1937.cif","Meagher 1979","Ti O2","P b c a",{"id":454,"url":455,"label":456,"formula":451,"spacegroup":452,"year":457},1941,"\u002Fcif\u002F1941.cif","Wyckoff 1963",1963,[459,460,461,462,463,464],"Arkansit","Arkansita","Jurinit","Jurinita","Jurinite","Pyromelane",[466,470,474,478,482,486,490,493,498,502,506,509,513,517,525,528,531,537,541,545,549,552,555,558,561,564,568,571,575,578,581,584,589],{"lang":467,"names":468},"ar",[469],"بروكيت",{"lang":471,"names":472},"az",[473],"Brukit",{"lang":475,"names":476},"be",[477],"Брукіт",{"lang":479,"names":480},"bn",[481],"ব্রুকাইট",{"lang":483,"names":484},"ca",[485],"brookita",{"lang":487,"names":488},"cs",[489],"Brookit",{"lang":491,"names":492},"de",[459,489],{"lang":494,"names":495},"el",[496,497],"Βρουκίτης","Μπρουκίτης",{"lang":499,"names":500},"es",[501],"Brookita",{"lang":503,"names":504},"et",[505],"brukiit",{"lang":507,"names":508},"eu",[485],{"lang":510,"names":511},"fa",[512],"بروکایت",{"lang":514,"names":515},"fi",[516],"Brookiitti",{"lang":518,"names":519},"fr",[520,521,522,523,524],"arkansite","brookite","eumanite","jurinite","pyromélane",{"lang":526,"names":527},"gl",[501],{"lang":529,"names":530},"it",[7],{"lang":532,"names":533},"ja",[534,535,536],"ブルカイト","ブルッカイト","板チタン石",{"lang":538,"names":539},"mk",[540],"Брукит",{"lang":542,"names":543},"nb",[544],"brookitt",{"lang":546,"names":547},"nl",[548],"brookiet",{"lang":550,"names":551},"nn",[544],{"lang":553,"names":554},"pl",[489,473],{"lang":556,"names":557},"pt",[485,7],{"lang":559,"names":560},"ru",[540],{"lang":562,"names":563},"sk",[489],{"lang":565,"names":566},"sl",[567],"brookit",{"lang":569,"names":570},"sv",[489],{"lang":572,"names":573},"th",[574],"บรูไคต์",{"lang":576,"names":577},"uk",[477],{"lang":579,"names":580},"uz",[473],{"lang":582,"names":583},"vi",[489],{"lang":585,"names":586},"zh",[587,588],"板鈦礦","板钛矿",{"lang":590,"names":591},"zh-tw",[587],"Q410609",{"history":594,"applications":598},{"markdown":595,"model_version":596,"prompt_version":597,"reviewed_at":11},"The name **brookite** honors a wool merchant who, in his spare hours, became one of England's most respected crystallographers. Henry James Brooke (1771–1857) trained no microscope on minerals professionally — his living came from textiles — yet he described twelve new species and wrote two foundational books on the subject[1].\n\nIn 1825 the French mineralogist Armand Lévy attached Brooke's name to a brown titanium oxide he was describing from north Wales[2]. The type specimen came from Twll Maen Grisial, a crevice in the diabase — a dark, fine-grained volcanic rock — of Fron Olau near Prenteg in Gwynedd[3]. Through the 19th century that Welsh locality produced some of the finest brookite ever found[4].\n\nBrooke himself was a fellow of the Royal Society, the Geological Society of London and the Linnean Society. He authored *A Familiar Introduction to Crystallography* and co-authored *An Elementary Introduction to Mineralogy* in 1852[1]. The twelve minerals he described include several still familiar to collectors today — annabergite, autunite, caledonite, childrenite, linarite and thomsonite among them[1].\n\nThe mineral itself filled in a chemical puzzle. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) had already been recognised in two crystal forms — rutile (tetragonal, the common type) and anatase (also tetragonal, but built differently). Brookite gave the trio a third member, this one orthorhombic — a crystal class in which the three axes are all of different lengths and meet at right angles[5]. A fourth natural polymorph, the monoclinic akaogiite, was identified much later under high-pressure conditions[5].\n\nBeyond Wales, brookite became a classic mineral of the alpine clefts — narrow fractures in metamorphic rock where slow-growing crystals line the walls. The species is widespread in such veins through the Alps and turns up more locally in gneiss and schist, two banded metamorphic rocks formed under heat and pressure[6]. The American collecting tradition centres on Magnet Cove in Arkansas, where the dark variety once called **arkansite** is in fact brookite[7].","claude-opus-4-7","1.7.0",{"markdown":599,"model_version":596,"prompt_version":597,"reviewed_at":11},"Brookite has no industrial use of its own. It is also the least thermally stable of the common titanium dioxide polymorphs — minerals sharing one chemistry but built on different crystal frameworks. Heat brookite past about 750 °C and it converts to rutile, one of its two cousins in the polymorph family[1].\\\nWhat remains is collector demand and a small research literature. Sharp brown crystals from the alpine clefts of Europe, and the dark **arkansite** variety from Magnet Cove in Arkansas, are sought after on the specimen market[2]. Laboratory work on synthetic brookite continues to probe its photocatalytic activity — its ability to drive chemical reactions under light[3]."]