[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:955":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":20,"key_elements":21,"impurities":22,"cim":23,"ima_status":24,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":27,"strunz10ed1":28,"strunz10ed2":29,"strunz10ed3":30,"strunz10ed4":31,"dana8ed1":28,"dana8ed2":32,"dana8ed3":33,"dana8ed4":33,"csystem":34,"cclass":35,"spacegroup":36,"spacegroupset":37,"a":38,"b":37,"c":39,"alpha":37,"beta":37,"gamma":37,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":40,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":41,"twinning":42,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":43,"morphology":44,"tlform":11,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"hardtype":46,"vhnmin":47,"vhnmax":48,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":49,"dmeas2":50,"dcalc":51,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":52,"lustretype":52,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":53,"streak":54,"colour":55,"commentcolor":11,"colors":56,"streak_colors":60,"luminescence":61,"uv":11,"cleavage":62,"cleavagetype":63,"fracturetype":64,"tenacity":65,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":11,"opticalsign":11,"opticalalpha":37,"opticalalpha2":37,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":37,"opticalbeta2":37,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":37,"opticalgamma2":37,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":37,"opticalomega2":37,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":37,"opticalepsilon2":37,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":37,"opticaln2":37,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":37,"optical2vcalc2":37,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":37,"optical2vmeasured2":37,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":11,"rimax":11,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":66,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":67,"opticalinternal":61,"opticaltropic":68,"opticalanisotropism":69,"opticalbireflectance":66,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":70,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":71,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":72,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":73,"aboutname":74,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":75,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":76,"group_members":90,"associates":126,"confused_with":566,"type_localities":567,"occurrence_total":568,"citations":569,"images":714,"structures":1502,"synonyms":1525,"language_names":1554,"wikidata_qid":1837,"texts":1838},955,"1:1:955:7","df29f066-8003-4d03-8cf1-297f65f28347","Chalcopyrite","Ccp",0,"mineral",null,29281,141025,false,"CuFeS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",[17,18,19],"Cu","Fe","S",[17,18,19],[17],"Ag,Au,In,Tl,Se,Te","3.1.25",[25,26],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1725","2","C","B","10a","9","1","Tetragonal",24,141,"0","5.289","10.423",4,"Subcell: I-centred tetragonal, a = 3.74, c = 5.21 Å.","Twinned on {112} and {012}, penetration or cyclic.","Pyrite on chalcopyrite from Ege-Khay, Yakutia, Russia (Novgorodova 1977).","Typically found as equant to wedge-shaped pseudo-tetrahedral disphenoidal crystals, often modified by tetragonal scalenohedral faces. Mostly found massive or in disseminated grains and major deposits of such material are known.",3.5,3,"187","100","4.1","4.3","4.18","Metallic","Opaque","Greenish black","Brass yellow, often with an iridescent tarnish.",[57,58,59],"yellow","black","green",[59,58],"None","Indistinct on {011}, sometimes distinct.","Poor\u002FIndistinct","Irregular\u002FUneven","brittle","Weak","Yellow against a white\u002Fgray phase, greenish-yellow when next to gold.","Anisotropic","Weak, but distinct blue-gray to yellow-green","(16.0,17.3) 400,\r\n(20.0,21.3) 420,\r\n(24.8,26.1) 440,\r\n(30.2,31.4) 460,\r\n(34.9,35.9) 480,\r\n(38.9,39.9) 500,\r\n(41.9,42.7) 520,\r\n(44.0,44.9) 540,\r\n(45.4,46.4) 560,\r\n(46.6,47.6) 580,\r\n(47.1,48.3) 600,\r\n(47.5,48.6) 620,\r\n(47.6,48.7) 640,\r\n(47.6,48.7) 660,\r\n(47.6,48.6) 680,\r\n(47.6,48.6) 700","It is the principal ore of copper.","Chalcopyrite is a prevalent sulfide mineral in ore deposits and hosts various trace elements such as Ag, Co, As, Se, Sb, Te, Bi, etc. The variations in trace element contents, as well as Fe, S, and Cu isotopic compositions of chalcopyrite are controlled by a series of factors including metallogenic temperature and pressure, fluid compositions, metal sources, and sulfide equilibrium. Chalcopyrite is found in porphyry Cu deposits (PCDs), sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform Cu deposits (SSCs), iron oxide Cu-Au deposits (IOCGs), sedimentary exhalative deposits (SEDEXs), magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits (MSDs), and volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits (VMSs), etc.  Different types of ore deposits show significantly distinct chalcopyrite geochemical characteristics. For example, in PCDs, chalcopyrite is notably enriched in Zn and Pb, with negative δ34S values (−2.1 ± 3.64 ‰, n = 32) due to sediment contributions. Positive δ65Cu values (1.5 ± 2.00 ‰, n = 140) indicate a mantle-crustal mixed source, while negative δ57Fe values (−4.3 ± 5.10 ‰, n = 32) likely result from Fe isotope fractionation during magnetite precipitation or continental crust contamination. In MSDs, Cr is the most enriched element, with positive δ34S values (1.0 ± 2.14 ‰, n = 185) and slightly negative δ⁶5Cu values (−0.46 ± 0.50 ‰, n = 52). Chalcopyrite in SSCs is enriched in Zn and As, characterized by negative δ34S (−3.6 ± 0.12 ‰, n = 190) and δ65Cu values (−0.59 ± 0.98 ‰, n = 118). [[1]]","Chalcopyrite Group. Chalcopyrite-Eskebornite Series.\r\n\r\nA major ore of copper. Common in sulfide veins and disseminated in igneous rocks.\r\nWeathering may lead to the formation of malachite, azurite, brochantite, langite and numerous other secondary cop...","Named in 1725 by Johann Friedrich Henckel from the Greek \"chalkos\", copper, and \"pyrites\", strike fire.","2025-12-14 18:51:39",[77,82,86],{"id":78,"name":79,"entrytype":80,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":37,"primary_image_id":81},7876,"Blistered Copper",2,5225,{"id":83,"name":84,"entrytype":80,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":85,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":37,"primary_image_id":11},11364,"Gold-bearing Chalcopyrite","CuFeS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> with Au",{"id":87,"name":88,"entrytype":80,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":89,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},51652,"Zinc-bearing Chalcopyrite","(Cu,Zn)FeS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",[91,97,104,109,115,121],{"id":92,"name":93,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":94,"mindat_formula":94,"hmin":46,"hmax":45,"dmeas":95,"dcalc":96,"primary_image_id":11},1409,"Eskebornite","CuFeSe\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.35","5.44",{"id":98,"name":99,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":100,"mindat_formula":100,"hmin":46,"hmax":45,"dmeas":101,"dcalc":102,"primary_image_id":103},1644,"Gallite","CuGaS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.2","4.35",9613,{"id":105,"name":106,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":107,"mindat_formula":107,"hmin":46,"hmax":46,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":108,"primary_image_id":11},7149,"Laforêtite","AgInS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.93",{"id":110,"name":111,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":112,"mindat_formula":112,"hmin":113,"hmax":113,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":114,"primary_image_id":11},2372,"Lenaite","AgFeS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",4.5,"4.63",{"id":116,"name":117,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":118,"mindat_formula":118,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":119,"primary_image_id":120},3445,"Roquesite","CuInS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.78",21108,{"id":122,"name":123,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":124,"mindat_formula":124,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":125},51949,"Shenzhuangite","NiFeS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",22191,[127,136,144,152,159,166,173,179,185,193,201,208,216,223,230,237,243,250,259,265,272,279,286,292,300,306,313,318,319,325,334,342,348,355,362,368,377,383,390,396,403,410,416,421,428,436,443,450,457,465,473,482,487,495,502,509,517,524,531,538,546,553,560],{"id":128,"name":129,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":131,"mindat_formula":131,"hmin":80,"hmax":132,"dmeas":133,"dcalc":134,"primary_image_id":135},10,"Acanthite","Monoclinic","Ag\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S",2.5,"7.2","7.24",66,{"id":137,"name":138,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":140,"mindat_formula":140,"hmin":80,"hmax":132,"dmeas":141,"dcalc":142,"primary_image_id":143},63,"Aikinite","Orthorhombic","CuPbBiS\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","7.06","7.255",429,{"id":145,"name":146,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":148,"mindat_formula":148,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":149,"dcalc":150,"primary_image_id":151},89,"Alabandite","Isometric","MnS","3.95","4.053",508,{"id":153,"name":154,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":155,"mindat_formula":155,"hmin":156,"hmax":156,"dmeas":157,"dcalc":157,"primary_image_id":158},91,"Alacránite","As\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>",1.5,"3.43",524,{"id":160,"name":161,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":162,"mindat_formula":162,"hmin":80,"hmax":46,"dmeas":163,"dcalc":164,"primary_image_id":165},147,"Altaite","PbTe","8.19","8.27",904,{"id":167,"name":168,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":169,"mindat_formula":169,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":170,"dcalc":171,"primary_image_id":172},148,"Althausite","Mg\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,O)(F,◻)","2.97","2.91",919,{"id":174,"name":175,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":176,"mindat_formula":176,"hmin":46,"hmax":46,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":177,"primary_image_id":178},236,"Anilite","Cu\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.68",1446,{"id":180,"name":181,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":182,"mindat_formula":182,"hmin":45,"hmax":45,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":183,"primary_image_id":184},291,"Argentopentlandite","Ag(Fe,Ni)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.66",1824,{"id":186,"name":187,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":188,"mindat_formula":188,"hmin":189,"hmax":189,"dmeas":190,"dcalc":191,"primary_image_id":192},301,"Arsenohauchecornite","Ni\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>Bi\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>AsS\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>",5.5,"6.35","6.52",2053,{"id":194,"name":195,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":196,"mindat_formula":196,"hmin":189,"hmax":197,"dmeas":198,"dcalc":199,"primary_image_id":200},305,"Arsenopyrite","FeAsS",6,"6.07","6.18",29154,{"id":202,"name":203,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":204,"mindat_formula":204,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":205,"dcalc":206,"primary_image_id":207},447,"Azurite","Cu\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.77","3.834",29186,{"id":209,"name":210,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":211,"mindat_formula":212,"hmin":45,"hmax":45,"dmeas":213,"dcalc":214,"primary_image_id":215},496,"Balkanite","Ag\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>Cu\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>HgS\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","Cu\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>Ag\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>HgS\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","6.318","6.421",2552,{"id":217,"name":218,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":219,"mindat_formula":220,"hmin":46,"hmax":46,"dmeas":221,"dcalc":221,"primary_image_id":222},549,"Baryte","Ba(SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","BaSO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.50",2758,{"id":224,"name":225,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":226,"hmin":40,"hmax":113,"dmeas":227,"dcalc":228,"primary_image_id":229},676,"Bindheimite","Pb\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Sb\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O","4.6","6.8",3286,{"id":231,"name":232,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":233,"mindat_formula":233,"hmin":80,"hmax":132,"dmeas":234,"dcalc":235,"primary_image_id":236},686,"Bismuthinite","Bi\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","6.78","6.81",3356,{"id":238,"name":239,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":240,"mindat_formula":240,"hmin":113,"hmax":189,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":241,"primary_image_id":242},658,"Bismutohauchecornite","Ni\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>Bi\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","6.25",3383,{"id":244,"name":245,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":246,"mindat_formula":246,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":247,"dcalc":248,"primary_image_id":249},779,"Brochantite","Cu\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.97","4.09",3963,{"id":251,"name":252,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":254,"mindat_formula":255,"hmin":46,"hmax":46,"dmeas":256,"dcalc":257,"primary_image_id":258},859,"Calcite","Trigonal","Ca(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","CaCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","2.7102","2.711",4401,{"id":260,"name":261,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":262,"mindat_formula":262,"hmin":40,"hmax":40,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":263,"primary_image_id":264},1210,"Černýite","Cu\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>CdSnS\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.76",5038,{"id":266,"name":267,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":268,"mindat_formula":268,"hmin":46,"hmax":40,"dmeas":269,"dcalc":270,"primary_image_id":271},983,"Chalcostibite","CuSbS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.9","5.011",29428,{"id":273,"name":274,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":275,"mindat_formula":275,"hmin":189,"hmax":189,"dmeas":276,"dcalc":277,"primary_image_id":278},1093,"Cobaltite","CoAsS","6.33","6.335",5990,{"id":280,"name":281,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":282,"mindat_formula":282,"hmin":45,"hmax":45,"dmeas":283,"dcalc":284,"primary_image_id":285},1168,"Cubanite","CuFe\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.03","4.076",6546,{"id":287,"name":288,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":289,"mindat_formula":290,"hmin":189,"hmax":189,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":134,"primary_image_id":291},1186,"Cuproiridsite","Cu(Ir\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Ir\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>)S\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","(Cu,Fe)Ir\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",6647,{"id":293,"name":294,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":295,"mindat_formula":296,"hmin":132,"hmax":46,"dmeas":297,"dcalc":298,"primary_image_id":299},1291,"Digenite","Cu\u003Csub>1.8\u003C\u002Fsub>S","Cu\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.546","5.706",7221,{"id":301,"name":302,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":303,"mindat_formula":303,"hmin":132,"hmax":46,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":304,"primary_image_id":305},1300,"Djurleite","Cu\u003Csub>31\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.749",7291,{"id":307,"name":308,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":309,"mindat_formula":309,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":310,"dcalc":311,"primary_image_id":312},1304,"Dolomite","CaMg(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","2.84","2.876",5744,{"id":314,"name":315,"entrytype":80,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":316,"hmin":132,"hmax":46,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":317},1365,"Electrum","(Au,Ag)",53179,{"id":92,"name":93,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":94,"mindat_formula":94,"hmin":46,"hmax":45,"dmeas":95,"dcalc":96,"primary_image_id":11},{"id":320,"name":321,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":322,"mindat_formula":322,"hmin":46,"hmax":40,"dmeas":323,"dcalc":183,"primary_image_id":324},1451,"Famatinite","Cu\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>SbS\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.635",8313,{"id":326,"name":327,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":328,"mindat_formula":329,"hmin":330,"hmax":80,"dmeas":331,"dcalc":332,"primary_image_id":333},1496,"Ferrimolybdite","Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Mo\u003Csup>6+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub> · 7H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Fe\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(MoO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>·nH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",1,"2.99","3.085",29710,{"id":335,"name":336,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":337,"mindat_formula":337,"hmin":197,"hmax":338,"dmeas":339,"dcalc":340,"primary_image_id":341},1527,"Ferroselite","FeSe\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",6.5,"7.20","7.139",7558,{"id":343,"name":344,"entrytype":9,"csystem":345,"ima_formula":346,"mindat_formula":346,"hmin":132,"hmax":46,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":347,"primary_image_id":11},1602,"Freboldite","Hexagonal","CoSe","7.70",{"id":349,"name":350,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":351,"mindat_formula":352,"hmin":80,"hmax":46,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":353,"primary_image_id":354},42738,"Fuettererite","Pb\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cu\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Te\u003Csup>6+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>","Pb\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cu\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Te\u003Csup>6+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub> ","5.528 ",9460,{"id":356,"name":357,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":358,"mindat_formula":358,"hmin":132,"hmax":132,"dmeas":359,"dcalc":360,"primary_image_id":361},1641,"Galena","PbS","7.60","7.57",9582,{"id":363,"name":364,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":365,"mindat_formula":365,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":366,"primary_image_id":367},1666,"Geerite","Cu\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.61",9714,{"id":369,"name":370,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":371,"mindat_formula":372,"hmin":373,"hmax":373,"dmeas":374,"dcalc":375,"primary_image_id":376},1709,"Glaucodot","(Co\u003Csub>0.5\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csub>0.5\u003C\u002Fsub>)AsS","(Co\u003Csub>0.50\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csub>0.50\u003C\u002Fsub>)AsS",5,"6.055","6.155",10026,{"id":378,"name":379,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":380,"mindat_formula":380,"hmin":40,"hmax":373,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":381,"primary_image_id":382},1716,"Godlevskite","(Ni,Fe)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.273",10110,{"id":384,"name":385,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":386,"mindat_formula":386,"hmin":189,"hmax":197,"dmeas":387,"dcalc":388,"primary_image_id":389},1766,"Gudmundite","FeSbS","6.72","6.95",10554,{"id":391,"name":392,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":393,"mindat_formula":393,"hmin":45,"hmax":45,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":394,"primary_image_id":395},1782,"Gustavite","AgPbBi\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>","7.01",8064,{"id":397,"name":398,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":399,"mindat_formula":399,"hmin":46,"hmax":40,"dmeas":400,"dcalc":401,"primary_image_id":402},1812,"Hammarite","Cu\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Pb\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Bi\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","6.734","7.05",10814,{"id":404,"name":405,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":406,"mindat_formula":406,"hmin":80,"hmax":132,"dmeas":407,"dcalc":408,"primary_image_id":409},2069,"Jalpaite","Ag\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>CuS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","6.82","6.827",12494,{"id":411,"name":412,"entrytype":9,"csystem":345,"ima_formula":413,"mindat_formula":413,"hmin":40,"hmax":113,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":414,"primary_image_id":415},2264,"Kotulskite","Pd(Te,Bi)\u003Csub>2-x\u003C\u002Fsub> (x ≈ 0.4)","9.18",13606,{"id":417,"name":418,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":419,"mindat_formula":419,"hmin":45,"hmax":45,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":420,"primary_image_id":11},10743,"Laflammeite","Pd\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Pb\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","9.41",{"id":422,"name":423,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":424,"mindat_formula":424,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":425,"dcalc":426,"primary_image_id":427},2550,"Malachite","Cu\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.6","4",30149,{"id":429,"name":430,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":431,"mindat_formula":432,"hmin":80,"hmax":46,"dmeas":433,"dcalc":434,"primary_image_id":435},2801,"Mrázekite","Bi\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Cu\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · 2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Bi\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Cu\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","4.90","5.00",16824,{"id":437,"name":438,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":439,"mindat_formula":439,"hmin":80,"hmax":132,"dmeas":440,"dcalc":441,"primary_image_id":442},684,"Native Bismuth","Bi","9.7","9.753",17098,{"id":444,"name":445,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":446,"mindat_formula":447,"hmin":189,"hmax":189,"dmeas":448,"dcalc":449,"primary_image_id":11},47656,"Paragersdorffite","NiAsS","Ni(As,S)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.9","5.966",{"id":451,"name":452,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":453,"mindat_formula":453,"hmin":197,"hmax":338,"dmeas":454,"dcalc":455,"primary_image_id":456},3314,"Pyrite","FeS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.8","5.01",20239,{"id":458,"name":459,"entrytype":9,"csystem":130,"ima_formula":460,"mindat_formula":461,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":462,"dcalc":463,"primary_image_id":464},3328,"Pyrrhotite","Fe\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","Fe\u003Csub>1-x\u003C\u002Fsub>S","4.58","4.69",30574,{"id":466,"name":467,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":468,"mindat_formula":468,"hmin":469,"hmax":469,"dmeas":470,"dcalc":471,"primary_image_id":472},3337,"Quartz","SiO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",7,"2.65","2.66",30579,{"id":474,"name":475,"entrytype":9,"csystem":476,"ima_formula":477,"mindat_formula":478,"hmin":338,"hmax":338,"dmeas":479,"dcalc":480,"primary_image_id":481},3524,"Santaclaraite","Triclinic","CaMn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>14\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","CaMn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[Si\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>14\u003C\u002Fsub>OH](OH)·H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","3.31","3.379",21536,{"id":483,"name":484,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":485,"mindat_formula":485,"hmin":132,"hmax":46,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":486,"primary_image_id":11},3612,"Selenostephanite","Ag\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>SbSe\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","7.5",{"id":488,"name":489,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":490,"mindat_formula":491,"hmin":45,"hmax":113,"dmeas":492,"dcalc":493,"primary_image_id":494},3647,"Siderite","Fe(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","FeCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.96","3.932",22253,{"id":496,"name":497,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":498,"mindat_formula":498,"hmin":45,"hmax":40,"dmeas":499,"dcalc":500,"primary_image_id":501},3727,"Sphalerite","ZnS","3.9","4.096",66200,{"id":503,"name":504,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":505,"mindat_formula":506,"hmin":132,"hmax":46,"dmeas":507,"dcalc":276,"primary_image_id":508},3803,"Stromeyerite","CuAgS","AgCuS","6.2",23038,{"id":510,"name":511,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":512,"mindat_formula":513,"hmin":113,"hmax":113,"dmeas":514,"dcalc":515,"primary_image_id":516},3877,"Talnakhite","Cu\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>","Cu\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>(Fe,Ni)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.29","4.32",20209,{"id":518,"name":519,"entrytype":9,"csystem":139,"ima_formula":520,"mindat_formula":520,"hmin":45,"hmax":45,"dmeas":521,"dcalc":522,"primary_image_id":523},4073,"Tangeite","CaCu(VO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)","3.75","3.84",23552,{"id":525,"name":526,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":527,"mindat_formula":528,"hmin":113,"hmax":113,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":529,"primary_image_id":530},3920,"Tetra-auricupride","CuAu","AuCu","14.67",2331,{"id":532,"name":533,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":534,"mindat_formula":534,"hmin":46,"hmax":46,"dmeas":535,"dcalc":536,"primary_image_id":537},4090,"Umangite","Cu\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Se\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","6.44","6.590",24964,{"id":539,"name":540,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":541,"mindat_formula":542,"hmin":330,"hmax":156,"dmeas":543,"dcalc":544,"primary_image_id":545},4136,"Valleriite","2[(Fe,Cu)S] · 1.53[(Mg,Al)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>]","(Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Cu)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Mg,Al)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,O)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.14","3.21",27216,{"id":547,"name":548,"entrytype":9,"csystem":147,"ima_formula":549,"mindat_formula":550,"hmin":113,"hmax":189,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":551,"primary_image_id":552},4187,"Violarite","FeNi\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Ni\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.79",27499,{"id":554,"name":555,"entrytype":9,"csystem":476,"ima_formula":556,"mindat_formula":557,"hmin":113,"hmax":113,"dmeas":558,"dcalc":559,"primary_image_id":11},4192,"Vistepite","Mn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>SnB\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","SnMn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>B\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.67","3.70",{"id":561,"name":562,"entrytype":9,"csystem":253,"ima_formula":563,"mindat_formula":563,"hmin":132,"hmax":132,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":564,"primary_image_id":565},4354,"Yarrowite","Cu\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.89",28479,[],[],28498,[570,574,578,581,585,590,594,599,604,609,613,617,621,625,629,634,639,643,647,652,656,660,664,668,673,677,682,686,690,695,699,704,709],{"id":571,"year":572,"html":573,"doi":11},16105201,1725,"Henckel, J.F. (1725) Pyritologia, oder Kieß Historie. Verlegts Johann Christian Martini (Leipzig), pages 114-115. [Chalcopyrites (Latin), Kupfer-Kieß (German)].",{"id":575,"year":576,"html":577,"doi":11},520219,1934,"Buerger, N. W., Buerger, M. J. (1934) Crystallographic relations between cubanite segregation plates, chalcopyrite matrix, and secondary chalcopyrite twins. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  19 (7) 289-303 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM19\u002FAM19_289.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":579,"year":576,"html":580,"doi":11},520264,"Buerger, N. W. (1934) The unmixing of chalcopyrite from sphalerite. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  19 (11) 525-530 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM19\u002FAM19_525.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":582,"year":583,"html":584,"doi":11},1118651,1944,"Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.",{"id":586,"year":587,"html":588,"doi":589},180262,1966,"YUND, R. A.; KULLERUD, G. (1966) Thermal Stability of Assemblages in the Cu-Fe-S System. \u003Ci>Journal of Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  7 (3). 454-488 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fpetrology\u002F7.3.454'>doi:10.1093\u002Fpetrology\u002F7.3.454\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1093\u002Fpetrology\u002F7.3.454",{"id":591,"year":592,"html":593,"doi":11},16105204,1967,"Mariano, A.N. (1967) Abstract of paper presented at the twelfth annual meeting: Crystallographic polarity in chalcopyrite. The Canadian Mineralogist: 9: 297-298.",{"id":595,"year":596,"html":597,"doi":598},88159,1968,"Nambu, Matsuo; Kano, Shimpei (1968) Phase relations in the system Cu-Fe-S. (I) Relation between chalcopyrite and so-called cubic chalcopyrite. \u003Ci>The Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists and Economic Geologists\u003C\u002Fi>,  60 (4). 127-145 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2465\u002Fganko1941.60.127'>doi:10.2465\u002Fganko1941.60.127\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp\u002Farticle\u002Fganko1941\u002F60\u002F4\u002F60_4_127\u002F_pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2465\u002Fganko1941.60.127",{"id":600,"year":601,"html":602,"doi":603},16596174,1969,"Ramdohr, Paul (1969) \u003Ci>The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths\u003C\u002Fi>. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fc2013-0-10027-x'>doi:10.1016\u002Fc2013-0-10027-x\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fc2013-0-10027-x",{"id":605,"year":606,"html":607,"doi":608},214160,1973,"Hall, S. R., Stewart, J. M. (1973) The crystal structure refinement of chalcopyrite, CuFeS2. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  29 (3) 579-585 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0567740873002943'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0567740873002943\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0567740873002943",{"id":610,"year":606,"html":611,"doi":612},230766,"Cabri, Louis J. (1973) New data on Phase Relations in the Cu-Fe-S System. \u003Ci>Economic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  68 (4) 443-454 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.68.4.443'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.68.4.443\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.68.4.443",{"id":614,"year":606,"html":615,"doi":616},4809292,"Dutrizac, J.E., MacDonald, R.J.C. (1973) The effect of some impurities on the rate of chalcopyrite dissolution. \u003Ci>Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly\u003C\u002Fi>, 12. 409-420 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1179\u002Fcmq.1973.12.4.409'>doi:10.1179\u002Fcmq.1973.12.4.409\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1179\u002Fcmq.1973.12.4.409",{"id":618,"year":619,"html":620,"doi":11},16873838,1975,"Hall, S. R. (1975) Crystal structures of the chalcopyrite series. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  13 (2) 168-172 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Frruff_1.0\u002Fuploads\u002FCM13_168.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":622,"year":619,"html":623,"doi":624},230531,"Sugaki, A., Shima, H., Kitakaze, A., Harada, H. (1975) Isothermal phase relations in the system Cu-Fe-S under hydrothermal conditions at 350°C and 300°C. \u003Ci>Economic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  70 (4) 806-823 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.70.4.806'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.70.4.806\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.70.4.806",{"id":626,"year":627,"html":628,"doi":11},17111050,1976,"Dutrizac, J. E. (1976) Reactions in cubanite and chalcopyrite. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  14 (2) 172-181 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Frruff_1.0\u002Fuploads\u002FCM14_172.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":630,"year":631,"html":632,"doi":633},303959,1977,"Novgorodova, M. I. (1977) A case of epitaxial growth of pyrite crystals on chalcopyrite. \u003Ci>International Geology Review\u003C\u002Fi>,  19 (12) 1457-1460 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1080\u002F00206817709471160'>doi:10.1080\u002F00206817709471160\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1080\u002F00206817709471160",{"id":635,"year":636,"html":637,"doi":638},16792323,1978,"Nakai, I., Sugitani, Y., Nagashima, K., Niwa, Y. (1978) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of copper minerals. \u003Ci>Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  40 (5) 789-791 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0022-1902(78)80152-3'>doi:10.1016\u002F0022-1902(78)80152-3\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0022-1902(78)80152-3",{"id":640,"year":641,"html":642,"doi":11},16105210,1980,"Chen, T.T., Dutrizac, J.E., Owens, D.R., Laflamme, J.H.G. (1980) Accelerated tarnishing of some chalcopyrite and tennantite specimens. The Canadian Mineralogist: 18: 173-180.",{"id":644,"year":645,"html":646,"doi":11},16007267,1984,"Harris, D.C., Cabri, L.J., Nobiling, R. (1984) Silver-bearing chalcopyrite, a principal source of silver in the Izok Lake massive-sulfide deposit: confirmation by electron and proton microprobe analyses. The Canadian Mineralogist: 22: 493-498.",{"id":648,"year":649,"html":650,"doi":651},14275268,1985,"Robie, Richard A, Wiggins, Lovell B, Barton, Paul B, Hemingway, Bruce S (1985) Low-temperature heat capacity and entropy of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2): estimates of the standard molar enthalpy and Gibbs free energy of formation of chalcopyrite and bornite (Cu5FeS4) \u003Ci>The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics\u003C\u002Fi>, 17 (5) 481-488 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0021-9614(85)90147-8'>doi:10.1016\u002F0021-9614(85)90147-8\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0021-9614(85)90147-8",{"id":653,"year":654,"html":655,"doi":11},528271,1987,"Barton, Paul B., Bethke, Philip M. (1987) Chalcopyrite disease in sphalerite: Pathology and epidemiology. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  72 (5-6) 451-467 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM72\u002FAM72_451.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":657,"year":658,"html":659,"doi":11},16103688,1989,"Kratz, T., Fuess, H. (1989) Simultane Strukturbestimmung von Kupferkies und Bornit an einem Kristall. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 186: 167-169.",{"id":661,"year":662,"html":663,"doi":11},16105214,1994,"Wintenberger, M., Andre, G., Garcin, C., Imbert, P., Jehanno, G., Fouquet, Y., Wafik, A. (1994): Intermediate valency, Verwey transition and magnetic structures of a new mineral, Cu\u003Csub>1-x\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csub>3+x\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>, resulting from the ageing of isocubanite. J. Magnetism Magnetic Materials: 132: 31-45; in: Jambor, J.L., Roberts, A.C (1995): New mineral Names. American Mineralogist: 80: 186",{"id":665,"year":666,"html":667,"doi":11},1118654,1997,"Gaines, Richard V.; Skinner, H. Catherine W.; Foord, Eugene E.; Mason, Brian; Rosenzweig, Abraham; King, Vandall T. (1997) \u003Ci>Dana's New Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (8th ed.). Wiley-Interscience. 1872 pp.",{"id":669,"year":670,"html":671,"doi":672},12149520,2004,"Boekema, C, Krupski, A.M, Varasteh, M, Parvin, K, van Til, F, van der Woude, F, Sawatzky, G.A (2004) Cu and Fe valence states in CuFeS2. \u003Ci>Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials\u003C\u002Fi>, 272. 559-561 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2003.11.206'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2003.11.206\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2003.11.206",{"id":674,"year":675,"html":676,"doi":11},16963609,2005,"(2005) Chalcopyrite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fchalcopyrite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":678,"year":679,"html":680,"doi":681},352067,2006,"Goh, Siew Wei, Buckley, Alan N., Lamb, Robert N., Rosenberg, Richard A., Moran, Damian (2006) The oxidation states of copper and iron in mineral sulfides, and the oxides formed on initial exposure of chalcopyrite and bornite to air. \u003Ci>Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta\u003C\u002Fi>,  70 (9) 2210-2228 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.gca.2006.02.007'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.gca.2006.02.007\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.gca.2006.02.007",{"id":683,"year":679,"html":684,"doi":685},350294,"Pearce, C.I., Pattrick, R.A.D., Vaughan, D.J., Henderson, C.M.B., van der Laan, G. (2006) Copper oxidation state in chalcopyrite: Mixed Cu d9 and d10 characteristics. \u003Ci>Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta\u003C\u002Fi>,  70 (18) 4635-4642 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.gca.2006.05.017'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.gca.2006.05.017\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.gca.2006.05.017",{"id":687,"year":688,"html":689,"doi":11},16105217,2010,"Boon, J. W. (2010) The crystal structure of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and AgFeS2: The permutoidic reactions KFeS2 -> CuFeS2 and KFeS2 -> AgFeS2. Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas: 63: 69-80.",{"id":691,"year":692,"html":693,"doi":694},64907,2011,"Knight, K. S., Marshall, W. G., Zochowski, S. W. (2011) The low-temperature and high-pressure thermoelastic and structural properties of chalcopyrite, CuFeS2. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  49 (4). 1015-1034 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3749\u002Fcanmin.49.4.1015'>doi:10.3749\u002Fcanmin.49.4.1015\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3749\u002Fcanmin.49.4.1015",{"id":696,"year":697,"html":698,"doi":11},16105219,2012,"Cai, L., Chen, X., Ding, J., Zhou, D. (2012) Leaching mechanism for chalcopyrite in hydrochloric acid. Hydrometallurgy: 113-114: 109-118.",{"id":700,"year":701,"html":702,"doi":703},157692,2018,"Li, Kan, Brugger, JoëL, Pring, Allan (2018) Exsolution of chalcopyrite from bornite-digenite solid solution: an example of a fluid-driven back-replacement reaction. \u003Ci>Mineralium Deposita\u003C\u002Fi>,  53 (7) 903-908 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00126-018-0820-6'>doi:10.1007\u002Fs00126-018-0820-6\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fs00126-018-0820-6",{"id":705,"year":706,"html":707,"doi":708},13423333,2020,"Qian, Gujie, Gibson, Christopher T., Harmer-Bassell, Sarah, Pring, Allan (2020) Atomic Force Microscopy and Raman Microspectroscopy Investigations of the Leaching of Chalcopyrite (112) Surface. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>, 10 (6) 485 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin10060485'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin10060485\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2075-163X\u002F10\u002F6\u002F485\u002Fpdf?version=1591239605' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin10060485",{"id":710,"year":711,"html":712,"doi":713},18087409,2025,"Tang, Yao, Sun, Deyou, Gou, Jun, Ni, Xinran, Zeng, Xiaohui, Zhang, Xingmin, Liu, Weipeng, Liang, Shanshan, Deng, Changzhou (2025) Chalcopyrite geochemistry: Advancements and implications in ore deposit research. \u003Ci>Ore Geology Reviews\u003C\u002Fi>,  179. 106528 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.oregeorev.2025.106528'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.oregeorev.2025.106528\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.oregeorev.2025.106528",[715,722,732,742,747,756,766,774,784,792,799,806,813,822,827,836,844,848,857,865,873,881,890,898,906,914,922,930,938,946,953,960,969,978,988,996,1003,1011,1017,1025,1032,1038,1046,1056,1064,1072,1081,1087,1097,1105,1113,1122,1129,1138,1147,1156,1164,1171,1178,1184,1188,1194,1201,1210,1218,1226,1233,1240,1247,1256,1262,1269,1275,1284,1290,1299,1306,1314,1322,1329,1334,1339,1347,1353,1360,1366,1375,1382,1389,1397,1403,1410,1418,1427,1436,1443,1449,1456,1462,1470,1477,1486,1494],{"id":716,"source_url":717,"license_code":718,"credit_html":719,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":720,"original_height":721},29425,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F106985","CC BY 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F106985\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,667,{"id":723,"source_url":724,"license_code":725,"credit_html":726,"title":727,"description":728,"author":729,"original_width":730,"original_height":731},39292,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3974928","CC BY 3.0","VikSl Exhibit from my own collection ( V.Slyotov, http:\u002F\u002Fmindraw.web.ru\u002F ), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3974928\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalkopyrite.jpg","Crystals of chalcopyrite, druse of  9,5 cm. From Dal'negorsk, Russia.","VikSl Exhibit from my own collection ( V.Slyotov, http:\u002F\u002Fmindraw.web.ru\u002F )",777,505,{"id":733,"source_url":734,"license_code":735,"credit_html":736,"title":737,"description":738,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":741},5226,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10158499","CC BY-SA 3.0","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10158499\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-199453.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Ballard Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaxter_Springs,_Kansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Baxter Springs, Kansas\">Baxter Springs\u003C\u002Fa>, Picher Field, Tri-State District, Cherokee County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kansas\">Kansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3767.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.9 x 4.8 x 2.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An old Treece chalcopyrite specimen out of the Feist Collection, with very sharp, bright brassy crystals to one centimeter. In one place is a beautiful complex cluster of interpenetrating crystals. The crystals are nicely isolated on the matrix. Probably collected prior to the 1960s.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",600,488,{"id":743,"source_url":744,"license_code":718,"credit_html":745,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":720,"original_height":746},29426,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F114942","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F114942\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",666,{"id":748,"source_url":749,"license_code":735,"credit_html":750,"title":751,"description":752,"author":753,"original_width":754,"original_height":755},36155,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=6277574","Ra'ike (see also: de:Benutzer:Ra'ike), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=6277574\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalkopyrit - Grube Georg, Westerwald.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa> (natural annealing colour: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBornite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bornite\">Bornite\u003C\u002Fa>) - Locality: Grube Georg, Westerwald - Exposed in the Mineralogical Museum, Bonn, Germany","Ra'ike (see also: de:Benutzer:Ra'ike)",1200,900,{"id":757,"source_url":758,"license_code":759,"credit_html":760,"title":761,"description":762,"author":763,"original_width":764,"original_height":765},23803,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=40913692","CC BY 2.0","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=40913692\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite on tennantite (Russia).jpg","\u003Cp>Chalcopyrite on tennantite from Russia. (public display, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Dark brassy gold = chalcopyrite\nBlack = tennantite (Cu6(Cu4(Fe,Zn)2)As4S13 - copper iron zinc arseno-sulfide)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are over 4900 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The sulfide minerals contain one or more sulfide anions (S-2).  The sulfides are usually considered together with the arsenide minerals, the sulfarsenide minerals, and the telluride minerals.  Many sulfides are economically significant, as they occur commonly in ores.  The metals that combine with S-2 are mainly Fe, Cu, Ni, Ag, etc.  Most sulfides have a metallic luster, are moderately soft, and are noticeably heavy for their size.  These minerals will not form in the presence of free oxygen.  Under an oxygen-rich atmosphere, sulfide minerals tend to chemically weather to various oxide and hydroxide minerals.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Chalcopyrite is a copper iron sulfide mineral (CuFeS2).  Many pyrite-like minerals exist, such as pyrite, marcasite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite.  Chalcopyrite has a metallic luster, a deep yellowish-brassy color, a dark gray streak, a hardness of about 3.5 to 4, and no cleavage.  Many specimens have a multicolored iridescent tarnish, which can be artificially produced by exposure to certain chemicals (often acid).  Chalcopyrite is an important copper ore mineral.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of chalcopyrite:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=955\">www.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=955\u003C\u002Fa>","James St. John",3179,2039,{"id":767,"source_url":768,"license_code":759,"credit_html":769,"title":770,"description":771,"author":763,"original_width":772,"original_height":773},23805,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146522","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146522\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite on tennantite (Russia) 3.jpg","Chalcopyrite on tennantite from Russia. (public display, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA)\n\u003Cp>Dark brassy gold = chalcopyrite\nBlack = tennantite (Cu6(Cu4(Fe,Zn)2)As4S13 - copper iron zinc arseno-sulfide)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are over 5500 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The sulfide minerals contain one or more sulfide anions (S-2).  The sulfides are usually considered together with the arsenide minerals, the sulfarsenide minerals, and the telluride minerals.  Many sulfides are economically significant, as they occur commonly in ores.  The metals that combine with S-2 are mainly Fe, Cu, Ni, Ag, etc.  Most sulfides have a metallic luster, are moderately soft, and are noticeably heavy for their size.  These minerals will not form in the presence of free oxygen.  Under an oxygen-rich atmosphere, sulfide minerals tend to chemically weather to various oxide and hydroxide minerals.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Chalcopyrite is a copper iron sulfide mineral (CuFeS2).  Many pyrite-like minerals exist, such as pyrite, marcasite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite.  Chalcopyrite has a metallic luster, a deep yellowish-brassy color, a dark gray streak, a hardness of about 3.5 to 4, and no cleavage.  Many specimens have a multicolored iridescent tarnish, which can be artificially produced by exposure to certain chemicals (often acid).  Chalcopyrite is an important copper ore mineral.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of chalcopyrite:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=955",3378,2030,{"id":775,"source_url":776,"license_code":777,"credit_html":778,"title":779,"description":780,"author":781,"original_width":782,"original_height":783},36162,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113716229","CC BY-SA 4.0","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113716229\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 016 - Chalcopyrite (États-Unis).jpg","Chalcopyrite, en provenance des États-Unis, au Muséum de Nantes","Koreller",4272,2848,{"id":785,"source_url":786,"license_code":777,"credit_html":787,"title":788,"description":789,"author":781,"original_width":790,"original_height":791},36164,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113749591","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113749591\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 509 - Chalcopyrite.jpg","Chalcopyrite, au Muséum de Nantes",3324,2656,{"id":793,"source_url":794,"license_code":759,"credit_html":795,"title":796,"description":771,"author":763,"original_width":797,"original_height":798},23804,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146521","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146521\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite on tennantite (Russia) 4.jpg",3077,1951,{"id":800,"source_url":801,"license_code":759,"credit_html":802,"title":803,"description":771,"author":763,"original_width":804,"original_height":805},23806,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=96358251","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=96358251\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite on tennantite (Russia) 2.jpg",3048,1695,{"id":807,"source_url":808,"license_code":759,"credit_html":809,"title":810,"description":771,"author":763,"original_width":811,"original_height":812},23811,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146524","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146524\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite on tennantite (Russia) 5.jpg",2737,1513,{"id":814,"source_url":815,"license_code":735,"credit_html":816,"title":817,"description":818,"author":819,"original_width":820,"original_height":821},33041,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=33704483","Ji-Elle, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=33704483\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines-Université de Strasbourg.jpg","Chalcopyrite et ankérite. Engelsbourg, Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines. Vers 1900. Musée de minéralogie de l'université de Strasbourg","Ji-Elle",4320,3240,{"id":823,"source_url":824,"license_code":777,"credit_html":825,"title":826,"description":789,"author":781,"original_width":782,"original_height":783},36165,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113749595","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113749595\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 510 - Chalcopyrite.jpg",{"id":828,"source_url":829,"license_code":718,"credit_html":830,"title":831,"description":832,"author":833,"original_width":834,"original_height":835},36168,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=192775720","Bobjgalindo, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=192775720\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","A collection of chalcopyrite on display in Oregon.jpg","Chqlcopyrite en Oregón","Bobjgalindo",3003,2326,{"id":837,"source_url":838,"license_code":759,"credit_html":839,"title":840,"description":841,"author":763,"original_width":842,"original_height":843},11553,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=34530417","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=34530417\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Massive sulfide (Pt-Pd-rich chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite) Stillwater mine MT.jpg","\u003Cp>Massive sulfide (4.6 cm across) - a piece of Pt\u002FPd-rich massive sulfide from the Johns-Manville Reef, Lower Banded Series, Stillwater Complex (Neoarchean, 2.71 b.y.) in the Stillwater Mine, Beartooth Mountains, Montana, USA.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Platinum- and palladium-bearing pyrrhotite & chalcopyrite in the Stillwater Complex usually occur as intercumulate fills between crystals of plagioclase or pyroxene or olivine\u002Fserpentine.  Occasionally, these sulfide minerals occur in a massive state.  This is a fragment of massive sulfide from the Stillwater Complex’s J-M Reef.  The yellowish-gold colored material is Pt\u002FPd-rich chalcopyrite, and the brownish-gold colored material is Pt\u002FPd-rich pyrrhotite.  There are other minerals present, including bornite (Cu5FeS4) (on the back of the specimen), and small patches of some silvery-colored mineral (what?).  Several rare sulfide and element and element-alloy minerals have been reported from the Stillwater, including hollingworthite ((Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS), gold (Au), tetraferroplatinum (PtFe), palladobismutharsenide (Pd2(Bi,As)), braggite ((Pt,Pd,Ni)S), keithconnite (Pd3-xTe), moncheite (Pt(Te,Bi)2), vysotskite ((Pd,Ni)S), etc.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: 46W500 stope (4600’ elevation above sea level & 500’ west of shaft), Stillwater Mine, underground & west of the Stillwater River, southwestern Stillwater Coutny, Beartooth Mountains, southern Montana, USA.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Southern Montana’s Beartooth Mountains has one of only three platinum mines in North America.  There, platinum and palladium are mined from the 2.71 billion-year-old Stillwater Complex, a classic example of an LLI (large, layered igneous province).  LLIs are large intrusive bodies that display large-scale and small-scale layering, even including cross bedding, ripples, graded bedding, channelforms, and other sedimentary-like features.  The Stillwater started out as a large subsurface mass of slowly cooling magma.  As various minerals crystallized, they settled to the bottom of the magma chamber.  This resulted in layering.  Igneous rocks that formed this way have a cumulate texture.  Currents in the still-liquid portions of the magma chamber produced the sedimentary structures mentioned above.  Most of the Stillwater displays only large-scale layering.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The rocks in the Stillwater are ultramafic & mafic intrusive igneous rocks.  Common lithologies include gabbros, norites, harzburgites, anorthosites, troctolites, chromitites, pyroxenites, and dunites.  Portions of the Stillwater have been metamorphosed.  Olivine is the most commonly altered component, usually metamorphosed to serpentine.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nThe main platinum & palladium occurrence is in the Johns-Manville Reef (J-M Reef), an interval in the lower part of the Lower Banded Series.  There, the Pt & Pd occur in intercumulate sulfides, typically pyrrhotite (Fe1-xS) and chalcopyrite (CuFeS2).  Platinum ores in the J-M Reef are principally sulfidic anorthosites, but other lithologies also occur.  The J-M Reef is the highest grade deposit known for platinum-group elements (PGEs).",2461,1801,{"id":845,"source_url":846,"license_code":718,"credit_html":847,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":720,"original_height":746},29427,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F106972","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F106972\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":849,"source_url":850,"license_code":777,"credit_html":851,"title":852,"description":853,"author":854,"original_width":855,"original_height":856},5227,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129602687","Kaethe17, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129602687\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tetraedrit-kupferkies.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTetrahedrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tetrahedrite\">Tetrahedrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrite\">Pyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDolomite_(mineral)\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Dolomite (mineral)\">Dolomite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Weight: 269g\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Place of discovery: Huanzalá, Huallanca, Bolognesi (Ancash), Peru\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Kaethe17",5388,3591,{"id":858,"source_url":859,"license_code":777,"credit_html":860,"title":861,"description":862,"author":854,"original_width":863,"original_height":864},5228,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=130034796","Kaethe17, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=130034796\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalkopyrit-malachit.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMalachite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Malachite\">Malachite\u003C\u002Fa> (Weight: 158.8 g) – Place of discovery: La Gardette Mine, Bourg d'Oisans, Dauphine, France",4630,3086,{"id":866,"source_url":867,"license_code":735,"credit_html":868,"title":869,"description":870,"author":739,"original_width":871,"original_height":872},36157,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172149","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172149\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Sphalerite-280327.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSphalerite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sphalerite\">Sphalerite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Alimon Mine (Animon Mine), Huaron Mining District, San Jose de Huayllay District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCerro_de_Pasco\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cerro de Pasco\">Cerro de Pasco\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDaniel_Alcides_Carri%C3%B3n_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Daniel Alcides Carrión Province\">Daniel Alcides Carrión Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Pasco Department, Peru (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-28507.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 10.8 x 6.1 x 6.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Complex striated chalcopyrite clusters set in a matrix of euhedral, sharp sphalerite make up this wonderful three-dimensional Alimon piece. The color and the luster on the chalcopyrite is superb - a bright brassy yellow. The major clusters on each end are superb, with radiating and freestanding crystals to 2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",640,436,{"id":874,"source_url":875,"license_code":759,"credit_html":876,"title":877,"description":878,"author":763,"original_width":879,"original_height":880},5229,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483945","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483945\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite (Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga; Creighton Mine, Sudbury Impact Structure, Ontario, Canada) 3.jpg","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite from the Precambrian of Ontario, Canada. (~3.5 centimeters across along the base)\n\u003Cp>Dull brassy & brownish-brassy area at center to lower right = pyrrhotite\nTarnished brassy gold along the perimeter = chalcopyrite\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>This massive sulfide sample is from Ontario's Sudbury Mining District, which is famous for its economically-significant nickel- and copper-bearing minerals.  The Sudbury area is actually a tectonically deformed, very large impact structure - it is the # 3 largest preserved impact structure on Earth (the # 1 largest is Vredefort in South Africa; the # 2 largest is Chicxulub in Yucatan, Mexico).  The Sudbury Impact occurred about 1.85 billion years ago, during the late Paleoproterozoic.  The Sudbury Impact Structure is no longer circular or subcircular in shape - it's been compessed into a stretched-egg shape from an ancient continental collision event.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The dominant mineral in this specimen is chalcopyrite - CuFeS2 (copper iron sulfide).  Also present are pyrrhotite - Fe(1-x)S (imperfect iron monosulfide) and magnetite - Fe3O4 (iron oxide), both of which will stick to a magnet.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Mineralization age: syn-impact or early post-impact, late Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: Creighton Mine, Sudbury Mining District, southeastern Ontario, southeastern Canada",2785,2221,{"id":882,"source_url":883,"license_code":735,"credit_html":884,"title":885,"description":886,"author":887,"original_width":888,"original_height":889},36158,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20523496","Chris857, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20523496\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite1 (A.E. Seaman Mineral Museum).jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa> on \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002Fhematite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:hematite\">hematite\u003C\u002Fa> from the Loretto mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDickinson_County,_Michigan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:Dickinson County, Michigan\">Dickinson County, Michigan\u003C\u002Fa>. Held in the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FA._E._Seaman_Mineral_Museum\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:A. E. Seaman Mineral Museum\">A. E. Seaman Mineral Museum\u003C\u002Fa>.","Chris857",2728,2315,{"id":891,"source_url":892,"license_code":759,"credit_html":893,"title":894,"description":895,"author":763,"original_width":896,"original_height":897},5230,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483952","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483952\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite (Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga; Creighton Mine, Sudbury Impact Structure, Ontario, Canada) 5.jpg","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite from the Precambrian of Ontario, Canada. (~6.35 centimeters across at its widest)\n\u003Cp>Tarnished brassy gold = chalcopyrite\nDull brassy gold area at left = pyrrhotite\nDark gray to black = magnetite\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>This massive sulfide sample is from Ontario's Sudbury Mining District, which is famous for its economically-significant nickel- and copper-bearing minerals.  The Sudbury area is actually a tectonically deformed, very large impact structure - it is the # 3 largest preserved impact structure on Earth (the # 1 largest is Vredefort in South Africa; the # 2 largest is Chicxulub in Yucatan, Mexico).  The Sudbury Impact occurred about 1.85 billion years ago, during the late Paleoproterozoic.  The Sudbury Impact Structure is no longer circular or subcircular in shape - it's been compessed into a stretched-egg shape from an ancient continental collision event.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The dominant mineral in this specimen is chalcopyrite - CuFeS2 (copper iron sulfide).  Also present are pyrrhotite - Fe(1-x)S (imperfect iron monosulfide) and magnetite - Fe3O4 (iron oxide), both of which will stick to a magnet.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Mineralization age: syn-impact or early post-impact, late Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: Creighton Mine, Sudbury Mining District, southeastern Ontario, southeastern Canada",3514,2251,{"id":899,"source_url":900,"license_code":735,"credit_html":901,"title":902,"description":903,"author":887,"original_width":904,"original_height":905},36159,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20523497","Chris857, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20523497\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite2 (A.E. Seaman Mineral Museum).jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa> from Baltic Mine in \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHoughton_County,_Michigan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:Houghton County, Michigan\">Houghton County, Michigan\u003C\u002Fa>. Held in the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FA._E._Seaman_Mineral_Museum\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:A. E. Seaman Mineral Museum\">A. E. Seaman Mineral Museum\u003C\u002Fa>.",3968,2976,{"id":907,"source_url":908,"license_code":759,"credit_html":909,"title":910,"description":911,"author":763,"original_width":912,"original_height":913},5231,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483953","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483953\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite (Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga; Creighton Mine, Sudbury Impact Structure, Ontario, Canada) 6.jpg","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite from the Precambrian of Ontario, Canada. (cut & polished surface; ~6.35 centimeters across at its widest)\n\u003Cp>Yellow brassy gold = chalcopyrite\nLight grayish-brown = pyrrhotite\nDark gray to black = magnetite\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>This massive sulfide sample is from Ontario's Sudbury Mining District, which is famous for its economically-significant nickel- and copper-bearing minerals.  The Sudbury area is actually a tectonically deformed, very large impact structure - it is the # 3 largest preserved impact structure on Earth (the # 1 largest is Vredefort in South Africa; the # 2 largest is Chicxulub in Yucatan, Mexico).  The Sudbury Impact occurred about 1.85 billion years ago, during the late Paleoproterozoic.  The Sudbury Impact Structure is no longer circular or subcircular in shape - it's been compessed into a stretched-egg shape from an ancient continental collision event.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The dominant mineral in this specimen is chalcopyrite - CuFeS2 (copper iron sulfide).  Also present are pyrrhotite - Fe(1-x)S (imperfect iron monosulfide) and magnetite - Fe3O4 (iron oxide), both of which will stick to a magnet.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Mineralization age: syn-impact or early post-impact, late Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: Creighton Mine, Sudbury Mining District, southeastern Ontario, southeastern Canada",3345,2258,{"id":915,"source_url":916,"license_code":759,"credit_html":917,"title":918,"description":919,"author":763,"original_width":920,"original_height":921},36161,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146542","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146542\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-sphalerite (Huaron Mine, Pasco Department, Peru).jpg","Chalcopyrite-sphalerite from Peru. (CSM 54019, Colorado School of Mines Geology Museum, Golden, Colorado, USA)\n\u003Cp>A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are over 5500 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The sulfide minerals contain one or more sulfide anions (S-2).  The sulfides are usually considered together with the arsenide minerals, the sulfarsenide minerals, and the telluride minerals.  Many sulfides are economically significant, as they occur commonly in ores.  The metals that combine with S-2 are mainly Fe, Cu, Ni, Ag, etc.  Most sulfides have a metallic luster, are moderately soft, and are noticeably heavy for their size.  These minerals will not form in the presence of free oxygen.  Under an oxygen-rich atmosphere, sulfide minerals tend to chemically weather to various oxide and hydroxide minerals.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Chalcopyrite is a copper iron sulfide mineral (CuFeS2).  Many pyrite-like minerals exist, such as pyrite, marcasite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite.  Chalcopyrite has a metallic luster, a deep yellowish-brassy color, a dark gray streak, a hardness of about 3.5 to 4, and no cleavage.  Many specimens have a multicolored iridescent tarnish, which can be artificially produced by exposure to certain chemicals (often acid).  Chalcopyrite is an important copper ore mineral.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: Huaron Mine, Daniel Alcides Carrion Province, Pasco Department, Peru\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of chalcopyrite:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=955",2917,1849,{"id":923,"source_url":924,"license_code":777,"credit_html":925,"title":926,"description":927,"author":781,"original_width":928,"original_height":929},36163,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113716262","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113716262\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 039 - Chalcopyrite, minerai de cuivre.jpg","Chalcopyrite, minerai de cuivre, au Muséum de Nantes",1844,1680,{"id":931,"source_url":932,"license_code":759,"credit_html":933,"title":934,"description":935,"author":763,"original_width":936,"original_height":937},8462,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483946","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483946\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite (Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga; Creighton Mine, Sudbury Impact Structure, Ontario, Canada) 2.jpg","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite from the Precambrian of Ontario, Canada. (~6.35 centimeters across at its widest)\n\u003Cp>Tarnished brassy gold = chalcopyrite\nBrownish-brassy & dull brassy area at right (& scattered elsewhere) = pyrrhotite\nDark gray to black = magnetite\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>This massive sulfide sample is from Ontario's Sudbury Mining District, which is famous for its economically-significant nickel- and copper-bearing minerals.  The Sudbury area is actually a tectonically deformed, very large impact structure - it is the # 3 largest preserved impact structure on Earth (the # 1 largest is Vredefort in South Africa; the # 2 largest is Chicxulub in Yucatan, Mexico).  The Sudbury Impact occurred about 1.85 billion years ago, during the late Paleoproterozoic.  The Sudbury Impact Structure is no longer circular or subcircular in shape - it's been compessed into a stretched-egg shape from an ancient continental collision event.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The dominant mineral in this specimen is chalcopyrite - CuFeS2 (copper iron sulfide).  Also present are pyrrhotite - Fe(1-x)S (imperfect iron monosulfide) and magnetite - Fe3O4 (iron oxide), both of which will stick to a magnet.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Mineralization age: syn-impact or early post-impact, late Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: Creighton Mine, Sudbury Mining District, southeastern Ontario, southeastern Canada",3578,2238,{"id":939,"source_url":940,"license_code":759,"credit_html":941,"title":942,"description":943,"author":763,"original_width":944,"original_height":945},39293,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483947","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483947\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite (Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga; Creighton Mine, Sudbury Impact Structure, Ontario, Canada) 1.jpg","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite from the Precambrian of Ontario, Canada. (~6.35 centimeters across at its widest)\n\u003Cp>Tarnished brassy gold = chalcopyrite\nDull brassy area at left (& scattered elsewhere) = pyrrhotite\nDark gray to black = magnetite\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>This massive sulfide sample is from Ontario's Sudbury Mining District, which is famous for its economically-significant nickel- and copper-bearing minerals.  The Sudbury area is actually a tectonically deformed, very large impact structure - it is the # 3 largest preserved impact structure on Earth (the # 1 largest is Vredefort in South Africa; the # 2 largest is Chicxulub in Yucatan, Mexico).  The Sudbury Impact occurred about 1.85 billion years ago, during the late Paleoproterozoic.  The Sudbury Impact Structure is no longer circular or subcircular in shape - it's been compessed into a stretched-egg shape from an ancient continental collision event.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The dominant mineral in this specimen is chalcopyrite - CuFeS2 (copper iron sulfide).  Also present are pyrrhotite - Fe(1-x)S (imperfect iron monosulfide) and magnetite - Fe3O4 (iron oxide), both of which will stick to a magnet.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Mineralization age: syn-impact or early post-impact, late Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: Creighton Mine, Sudbury Mining District, southeastern Ontario, southeastern Canada",3155,2360,{"id":947,"source_url":948,"license_code":759,"credit_html":949,"title":950,"description":878,"author":763,"original_width":951,"original_height":952},8463,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483951","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483951\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite (Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga; Creighton Mine, Sudbury Impact Structure, Ontario, Canada) 4.jpg",2833,2203,{"id":954,"source_url":955,"license_code":759,"credit_html":956,"title":957,"description":911,"author":763,"original_width":958,"original_height":959},36166,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483957","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158483957\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite (Paleoproterozoic, 1.85 Ga; Creighton Mine, Sudbury Impact Structure, Ontario, Canada) 7.jpg",3575,2445,{"id":961,"source_url":962,"license_code":777,"credit_html":963,"title":964,"description":965,"author":966,"original_width":967,"original_height":968},3655,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=178807479","Adrian Tync, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=178807479\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite & bornite from Lubin.jpg","chalcopyrite and bornite, origin: Lubin; a specimen exhibited in the room next to the Jaskinia Głęboka cave in Podlesice","Adrian Tync",1746,2619,{"id":970,"source_url":971,"license_code":777,"credit_html":972,"title":973,"description":974,"author":975,"original_width":976,"original_height":977},36167,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=180411664","Марися Лебідь, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=180411664\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Друза кристалів галеніту, мармариту, халькопіриту і кальцину.jpg","Minerals in Yevhen Lazarenko Mineralogical Museum","Марися Лебідь",4080,3060,{"id":979,"source_url":980,"license_code":981,"credit_html":982,"title":983,"description":984,"author":985,"original_width":986,"original_height":987},5762,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=30513886","Public domain","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=30513886\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Claraite, Strashimirite, Azurite, Theisite, Parnauite, Chalcopyrite-488411.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FClaraite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Claraite\">Claraite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FStrashimirite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Strashimirite\">Strashimirite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAzurite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Azurite\">Azurite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTheisite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Theisite\">Theisite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FParnauite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Parnauite\">Parnauite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: La Amorosa mine, San Rafael claim, Villahermosa del Rio, Castellón, Valencian Community, Spain\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>FOV 6¾ x 4¼ mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Pale blue claraite on even paler strashimirite surrounding yellow\u002Fgreen parnauite with “rinds”of chalcopyrite. There are also small darker green theisite balls (bottom right). The background is dark blue azurite.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Modris Baum",1024,635,{"id":989,"source_url":990,"license_code":735,"credit_html":991,"title":992,"description":993,"author":739,"original_width":994,"original_height":995},6011,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10158611","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10158611\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pentlandite-Chalcopyrite-Pyrrhotite-199634.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPentlandite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pentlandite\">Pentlandite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrrhotite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrrhotite\">Pyrrhotite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSudbury\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sudbury\">Sudbury\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSudbury_District,_Ontario\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sudbury District, Ontario\">Sudbury District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOntario\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ontario\">Ontario\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-23989.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 7.2 x 5.9 x 3.1 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a rich ore sample, containing a mixture of several sulfide minerals: pentlandite, chalcopyrite, and pyrrhotite. Self-collected by curator Sam Gordon, in 1932. Ex. Philadelphia Academy of Sciences Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",800,459,{"id":997,"source_url":998,"license_code":735,"credit_html":999,"title":1000,"description":1001,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":1002},6549,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10163299","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10163299\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Galena-Sphalerite-Chalcopyrite-228318.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGalena\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Galena\">Galena\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSphalerite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sphalerite\">Sphalerite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDolomite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Dolomite\">Dolomite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Joplin Field, Tri-State District, Jasper County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMissouri\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Missouri\">Missouri\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3862.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 13.4 x 13.0 x 9.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An old-time, classic and showy cabinet combination specimen from the Joplin Field of the renowned Tri-State District. Four matte-finished, cubic to modified cubic, galena crystals to 3.3 cm are perched on a 3-dimensional, brecciated, silicified limestone matrix. A lustrous, 3.8 cm, twinned, black sphalerite crystal is protected beneath an overhang. Much of the matrix is coated with a showy combination of iridescent, lustrous, brassy, chalcopyrite pyramids on pastel-pink dolomite rhombs. Ex. Mullane Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",560,{"id":1004,"source_url":1005,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1006,"title":1007,"description":1008,"author":739,"original_width":1009,"original_height":1010},6550,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10166189","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10166189\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Magnetite-Chalcopyrite-Galena-244475.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMagnetite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Magnetite\">Magnetite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGalena\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Galena\">Galena\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAggeneys\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aggeneys\">Aggeneys\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNorthern_Cape\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Northern Cape\">Northern Cape Province\u003C\u002Fa>, South Africa (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-53702.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.5 x 4 x 3.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An outstanding combination piece of Magnetite, Chalcopyrite, and Galena, all with superb metallic luster from this little known locality. While the Chalcopyrite is crudely crystallized and the sharp cubic Galena was probably cleaved during mining, the Magnetites, particularly the main crystal on top, are superb. This .7 cm on edge Magnetite is a classic octahedron with the edges strongly modified by the dodecahedron, creating beautiful beveled edges and perfect triangular faces. Ex. Charlie Key.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",425,500,{"id":1012,"source_url":1013,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1014,"title":1015,"description":1008,"author":739,"original_width":1010,"original_height":1016},6551,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10166190","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10166190\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Magnetite-Chalcopyrite-Galena-244476.jpg",367,{"id":1018,"source_url":1019,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1020,"title":1021,"description":1022,"author":739,"original_width":1023,"original_height":1024},6552,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443442","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443442\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Galena-4jb6a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGalena\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Galena\">Galena\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Sweetwater Mine (Milliken Mine; Frank R. Milliken; Blair Creek; Ozark Lead Company Mine; Adair Creek; Logan Creek), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEllington\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ellington\">Ellington\u003C\u002Fa>, Viburnum Trend District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FReynolds_County,_Missouri\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Reynolds County, Missouri\">Reynolds County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMissouri\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Missouri\">Missouri\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3866.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 3.5 x 3.6 x 3.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Galena with oriented Chalcopyrite (floater!)\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Modified cubes of Galena are always nice, but the stacked cubic growth, generously sprinkled with abundant chalcopyrites on faces to one side, makes this specimen an attractive and unique oddity. Also, it is a floater, complete all around!\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",572,584,{"id":1026,"source_url":1027,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1028,"title":1029,"description":1022,"author":739,"original_width":1030,"original_height":1031},6553,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443444","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443444\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Galena-4jb6b.jpg",400,392,{"id":1033,"source_url":1034,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1035,"title":1036,"description":1022,"author":739,"original_width":1037,"original_height":1030},6554,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443446","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443446\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Galena-4jb6c.jpg",376,{"id":1039,"source_url":1040,"license_code":759,"credit_html":1041,"title":1042,"description":1043,"author":763,"original_width":1044,"original_height":1045},6555,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146574","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146574\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyrite-chalcopyrite (Zacatecas, Mexico) 4.jpg","Pyrite-chalcopyrite mass from Mexico.\n\u003Cp>Brassy gold = pyrite (FeS2 - iron sulfide)\nBluish-purplish = artificially tarnished chalcopyrite (CuFeS2 - copper iron sulfide)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are about 5500 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The sulfide minerals contain one or more sulfide anions (S-2).  The sulfides are usually considered together with the arsenide minerals, the sulfarsenide minerals, and the telluride minerals.  Many sulfides are economically significant, as they occur commonly in ores.  The metals that combine with S-2 are mainly Fe, Cu, Ni, Ag, etc.  Most sulfides have a metallic luster, are moderately soft, and are noticeably heavy for their size.  These minerals will not form in the presence of free oxygen.  Under an oxygen-rich atmosphere, sulfide minerals tend to chemically weather to various oxide and hydroxide minerals.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Pyrite is a common iron sulfide mineral (FeS2).  It’s nickname is “fool's gold”.  Pyrite has a metallic luster, brassy gold color (in contrast to the deep rich yellow gold color of true gold - www.flickr.com\u002Fphotos\u002Fjsjgeology\u002Fsets\u002F72157651325153769\u002F), dark gray to black streak, is hard (H=6 to 6.5), has no cleavage, and is moderately heavy for its size.  It often forms cubic crystals or pyritohedrons (crystals having pentagonal faces).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Pyrite is common in many hydrothermal veins, shales, coals, various metamorphic rocks, and massive sulfide deposits.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Chalcopyrite is a copper iron sulfide mineral (CuFeS2).  Chalcopyrite has a metallic luster, a deep yellowish-brassy color, a dark gray streak, a hardness of about 3.5 to 4, and no cleavage.  Many specimens have a multicolored iridescent tarnish, which can be artificially produced by exposure to certain chemicals (often acid) - the above specimen is an example of this.  Chalcopyrite is an important copper ore mineral.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: undisclosed\u002Funrecorded site in Zacatecas State, central Mexico\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of chalcopyrite:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=955",2565,2664,{"id":1047,"source_url":1048,"license_code":1049,"credit_html":1050,"title":1051,"description":1052,"author":1053,"original_width":1054,"original_height":1055},6556,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163480847","CC0 1.0","Darla Sondrol, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163480847\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite and galena (GeoDIL number - 915).jpg","Here we see blocky galena (PbS) with tarnished gold chalcopyrite (CuFeS2). Although not visible on this surface, this specimen also contains sphalerite (ZnS). The association galena-chalcopyrite-sphalerite is common in many ore deposits. The name galena derives from the Greek name galene meaning “lead ore” - galena is the number one lead ore mineral. Chalcopyrite is the most common and important copper ore mineral, and is the most common sulfide in porphyry copper deposits. Galena is a cubic mineral and poorly formed cubes can be seen in this specimen. Some specimens of galena have a bright metallic luster, but this one does not. This sample is 9 cm across.","Darla Sondrol",2266,1926,{"id":1057,"source_url":1058,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1059,"title":1060,"description":1061,"author":739,"original_width":1062,"original_height":1063},7205,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162227","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162227\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Rhodochrosite-Pyrite-221158.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRhodochrosite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rhodochrosite\">Rhodochrosite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrite\">Pyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSphalerite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sphalerite\">Sphalerite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKutnohorite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kutnohorite\">Kutnohorite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDickite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Dickite\">Dickite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSweet_Home_Mine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sweet Home Mine\">Sweet Home Mine (Home Sweet Home Mine)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMount_Bross\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Mount Bross\">Mount Bross\u003C\u002Fa>, Alma District, Park County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FColorado\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Colorado\">Colorado\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3690.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.5 x 5.3 x 3.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A fine association specimen. This piece features a translucent, gemmy, red\u002Fpink crystal group of rhombic Rhodochrosite measuring 2.3 x 1.5 cm, but the most attractive aspect of this specimen is the fact that it is associated with Chalcopyrite, modified cuboctahedra of purple and colorless\u002Fwhite Fluorite crystals, along with Pyrite, Sphalerite, Tetrahedrite, Quartz, Kutnohorite and possibly Dickite. Ex. Jaime Bird Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",398,360,{"id":1065,"source_url":1066,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1067,"title":1068,"description":1069,"author":739,"original_width":1070,"original_height":1071},7598,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=67889604","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=67889604\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Eclarite, Chalcopyrite, Quartz-704032.jpg","3.0 x 2.0 x 1.5 cm. Silvery-gray, fan-shaped aggregates of acicular crystals of the rare sulfide eclarite on white quartz with chalcopyrite. Very good specimen from the type locality. Ex. Paulo Matioli collection.",3430,3146,{"id":1073,"source_url":1074,"license_code":718,"credit_html":1075,"title":1076,"description":1077,"author":1078,"original_width":1079,"original_height":1080},7812,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=151608543","Henk Smeets – tomeikminerals.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=151608543\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Emplectite, Chalcopyrite Tomeik.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEmplectite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Emplectite\">Emplectite\u003C\u002Fa> with \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: Crystal 0.8 mm long\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Würm, Käfersteige mine, Pforzheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Henk Smeets – tomeikminerals.com",1920,1279,{"id":1082,"source_url":1083,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1084,"title":1085,"description":1086,"author":739,"original_width":872,"original_height":871},10132,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10122140","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10122140\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Stannite-Quartz-Chalcopyrite-24538.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FStannite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Stannite\">Stannite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Yaogangxian Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FYizhang_County\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Yizhang County\">Yizhang County\u003C\u002Fa>, Chenzhou Prefecture, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHunan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hunan\">Hunan Province\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4549.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A very showy combination specimen from the famous Yaogangxian Mine of China of large, transparent, lustrous and striated quartz crystals with sharp, lustrous to iridescent golden chalcopyrite crystals, lustrous silver metallic stannite crystals and tiny quartz crsytals at the base of the quartz crystal cluster. There is even a stannite crystal included within the base of the largest quartz crystal! One edge of the tallest quartz crystal near the termination was contacted at one time, but has healed and is now dusted with micro sulfide crystals. 5.7 x 5.1 x 4.4 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":1088,"source_url":1089,"license_code":1090,"credit_html":1091,"title":1092,"description":1093,"author":1094,"original_width":1095,"original_height":1096},10151,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118196539","CC BY-SA 2.0","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118196539\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tetradymite with Chalcopyrite and Goldfieldite (31984128057).jpg","\u003Cp>Liège\nBelgium\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nS-89-163","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada",4000,6000,{"id":1098,"source_url":1099,"license_code":1049,"credit_html":1100,"title":1101,"description":1102,"author":1053,"original_width":1103,"original_height":1104},12104,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163481289","Darla Sondrol, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163481289\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite with idaite (GeoDIL number - 1056).jpg","This sample is mostly tarnished yellow chalcopyrite, CuFeS2, but contains minor amounts of browner idaite, Cu5FeS6, as inclusions. Chalcopyrite is a major copper ore mineral. The specimen is 9 cm across.",2314,1914,{"id":1106,"source_url":1107,"license_code":759,"credit_html":1108,"title":1109,"description":1110,"author":763,"original_width":1111,"original_height":1112},13088,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=84625707","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=84625707\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Massive sulfide (bornite & Pt Pd-rich chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite) (platinum-palladium ore) (Johns-Manville Reef, Stillwater Complex, Neoarchean, 2.71 Ga; Stillwater Mine, Beartooth Mountains, Montana, USA) (14828837001).jpg","\u003Cp>Massive sulfide from the Precambrian of Montana, USA. (4.6 cm across at its widest)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Southern Montana’s Beartooth Mountains has one of only three platinum mines in North America.  There, platinum and palladium are mined from the 2.71 billion-year-old Stillwater Complex, a classic example of an LLI (large, layered igneous province).  LLIs are large intrusive bodies that display large-scale and small-scale layering, even including cross bedding, ripples, graded bedding, channelforms, and other sedimentary-like features.  The Stillwater started out as a large subsurface mass of slowly cooling magma.  As various minerals crystallized, they settled to the bottom of the magma chamber.  This resulted in layering.  Igneous rocks that formed this way have a cumulate texture.  Currents in the still-liquid portions of the magma chamber produced the sedimentary structures mentioned above.  Most of the Stillwater displays only large-scale layering.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The rocks in the Stillwater are ultramafic & mafic intrusive igneous rocks.  Common lithologies include gabbros, norites, harzburgites, anorthosites, troctolites, chromitites, pyroxenites, and dunites.  Portions of the Stillwater have been metamorphosed.  Olivine is the most commonly altered component, usually metamorphosed to serpentine.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The main platinum & palladium occurrence is in the Johns-Manville Reef (J-M Reef), an interval in the lower part of the Lower Banded Series.  There, the Pt & Pd occur in intercumulate sulfides, typically pyrrhotite (Fe1-xS) and chalcopyrite (CuFeS2).  Platinum ores in the J-M Reef are principally sulfidic anorthosites, but other lithologies also occur.  The J-M Reef is the highest grade deposit known for platinum-group elements (PGEs).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Platinum- and palladium-bearing pyrrhotite & chalcopyrite in the Stillwater Complex usually occur as intercumulate fills between crystals of plagioclase or pyroxene or olivine\u002Fserpentine.  Occasionally, these sulfide minerals occur in a massive state.  This is a fragment of massive sulfide from the Stillwater Complex’s J-M Reef.  The yellowish-gold colored material is Pt\u002FPd-rich chalcopyrite, and the brownish-gold colored material is Pt\u002FPd-rich pyrrhotite.  There are other minerals present, including bornite (Cu5FeS4) (dark, multicolored areas), and small patches of some silvery-colored mineral (what?).  Several rare sulfide and element and element-alloy minerals have been reported from the Stillwater, including hollingworthite ((Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS), gold (Au), tetraferroplatinum (PtFe), palladobismutharsenide (Pd2(Bi,As)), braggite ((Pt,Pd,Ni)S), keithconnite (Pd3-xTe), moncheite (Pt(Te,Bi)2), vysotskite ((Pd,Ni)S), etc.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Stratigraphy: Johns-Manville Reef, Lower Banded Series, Stillwater Complex, Neoarchean, 2.71 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: 46W500 stope (4600’ elevation above sea level & 500’ west of shaft), Stillwater Mine, underground & west of the Stillwater River, southwestern Stillwater County, Beartooth Mountains, southern Montana, USA",2632,1807,{"id":1114,"source_url":1115,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1116,"title":1117,"description":1118,"author":1119,"original_width":1120,"original_height":1121},13383,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=153202633","Elena Ternovaja, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=153202633\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Monticellit Chalkopyrit, Russland.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMonticellite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Monticellite\">Monticellite\u003C\u002Fa> (cream white), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa> (gold-colored)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Weight: 167.2 g\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Talnach, Norilsk, Taymyr Peninsula, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Siberia, Russia\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Elena Ternovaja",3400,2216,{"id":1123,"source_url":1124,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1125,"title":1126,"description":1127,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":1128},14562,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10134491","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10134491\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Linnaeite-Chalcopyrite-51413.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLinnaeite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Linnaeite\">Linnaeite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Victoria Mine, Littfeld, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSiegerland\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Siegerland\">Siegerland\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNorth_Rhine-Westphalia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:North Rhine-Westphalia\">North Rhine-Westphalia\u003C\u002Fa>, Germany (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-14850.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Linnaeite is a rare cobalt sulfide (CoCo2S4), first found in Sweden and named after the famous botanist Carolus Linnaeus. This antique German specimen evidently passed though a couple of old German collections before ending up in the collection of Paul Jung, which is now being dispersed. It features several crystals of this very rare species to 6mm in size, set in massive linnaeite and chalcopyrite. 5 x 4 x 2 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",482,{"id":1130,"source_url":1131,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1132,"title":1133,"description":1134,"author":1135,"original_width":1136,"original_height":1137},16188,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=64728365","Reiner Mielke, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=64728365\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Michenerite, Chalcopyrite-815089.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMichenerite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Michenerite\">Michenerite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa> (Largest crystal size: 0.5 mm)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Vermilion Mine, Denison Township, Sudbury District, Ontario, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>\u003Ci>Original description:\u003C\u002Fi> A michenerite crystal in chalcopyrite. This is the largest of two crystals found and as far as I know the first crystal ever found.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Reiner Mielke",1293,970,{"id":1139,"source_url":1140,"license_code":777,"credit_html":1141,"title":1142,"description":1143,"author":1144,"original_width":1145,"original_height":1146},18939,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=55922369","Marek Novotňák, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=55922369\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalkopyrite - peacock ore.jpg","Chalkopyrite. Lokality: Hnúšťa, Slovakia.Rock sample belongs to Geo collection of author.","Marek Novotňák",4881,3254,{"id":1148,"source_url":1149,"license_code":725,"credit_html":1150,"title":1151,"description":1152,"author":1153,"original_width":1154,"original_height":1155},23765,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=141985292","Ralph S. Bottrill, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=141985292\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tellurobismuthite, Quartz, Pyrite, Chalcopyrite, Fluorite, Calcite-624660.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTellurobismuthite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tellurobismuthite\">Tellurobismuthite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrite\">Pyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFluorite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Fluorite\">Fluorite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: 30 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Henty Mine, Tyndall Valley, West Coast municipality, Tasmania, Australia\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Grey tellurobismuthite with brassy pyrite, yellow chalcopyrite, quartz, calcite and fluorite\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Ralph S. Bottrill",1241,875,{"id":1157,"source_url":1158,"license_code":759,"credit_html":1159,"title":1160,"description":1161,"author":763,"original_width":1162,"original_height":1163},23936,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146529","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146529\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite on tetrahedrite-sphalerite (Russia) 2.jpg","Chalcopyrite on tetrahedrite-sphalerite from Russia. (public display, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA)\n\u003Cp>Brassy gold = chalcopyrite\nDark-colored areas = tetrahedrite (Cu6(Cu4(Fe,Zn)2)Sb4S13 - copper iron zinc antimony sulfide) & sphalerite (ZnS - zinc sulfide)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are over 5500 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The sulfide minerals contain one or more sulfide anions (S-2).  The sulfides are usually considered together with the arsenide minerals, the sulfarsenide minerals, and the telluride minerals.  Many sulfides are economically significant, as they occur commonly in ores.  The metals that combine with S-2 are mainly Fe, Cu, Ni, Ag, etc.  Most sulfides have a metallic luster, are moderately soft, and are noticeably heavy for their size.  These minerals will not form in the presence of free oxygen.  Under an oxygen-rich atmosphere, sulfide minerals tend to chemically weather to various oxide and hydroxide minerals.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Chalcopyrite is a copper iron sulfide mineral (CuFeS2).  Many pyrite-like minerals exist, such as pyrite, marcasite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite.  Chalcopyrite has a metallic luster, a deep yellowish-brassy color, a dark gray streak, a hardness of about 3.5 to 4, and no cleavage.  Many specimens have a multicolored iridescent tarnish, which can be artificially produced by exposure to certain chemicals (often acid).  Chalcopyrite is an important copper ore mineral.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of chalcopyrite:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=955",3053,2481,{"id":1165,"source_url":1166,"license_code":759,"credit_html":1167,"title":1168,"description":1161,"author":763,"original_width":1169,"original_height":1170},23944,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146530","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146530\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite on tetrahedrite-sphalerite (Russia) 3.jpg",2546,2066,{"id":1172,"source_url":1173,"license_code":759,"credit_html":1174,"title":1175,"description":1161,"author":763,"original_width":1176,"original_height":1177},23945,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146531","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85146531\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite on tetrahedrite-sphalerite (Russia) 1.jpg",3721,2669,{"id":1179,"source_url":1180,"license_code":1090,"credit_html":1181,"title":1182,"description":1183,"author":1094,"original_width":1096,"original_height":1095},27501,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118206484","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118206484\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Marcasite with Pyrrhotite, Chalcopyrite, and Violarite (40945032473).jpg","Falconbridge, Ontario, Canada - S-74-1778",{"id":1185,"source_url":1186,"license_code":718,"credit_html":1187,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":720,"original_height":721},29227,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F113183","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F113183\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":1189,"source_url":1190,"license_code":1090,"credit_html":1191,"title":1192,"description":1193,"author":1094,"original_width":1096,"original_height":1095},32193,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118202844","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118202844\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Altaite with Pyrite, Gold, Chalcopyrite, and Molybdenite (47762673972).jpg","\u003Cp>Lakeshore Mine\nOntario, Canada\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Col>\u003Cli>1097\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>",{"id":1195,"source_url":1196,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1197,"title":1198,"description":1199,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":1200},33948,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10131589","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10131589\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Quartz-Chalcopyrite-Arsenopyrite-43121.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArsenopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arsenopyrite\">Arsenopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFluorite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Fluorite\">Fluorite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Yaogangxian Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FYizhang_County\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Yizhang County\">Yizhang County\u003C\u002Fa>, Chenzhou Prefecture, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHunan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hunan\">Hunan Province\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4549.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A big, beautiful smorgasbord of Yaogangxian minerals! In person, this whopper specimen just glitters with brassy gold and red from the chalcopyrites, lavender touches here and there from fluorite, and silvery arsenopyrites scattered amongst the quartz points! 20.8 x 13.2 x 8.4cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",432,{"id":1202,"source_url":1203,"license_code":777,"credit_html":1204,"title":1205,"description":1206,"author":1207,"original_width":1208,"original_height":1209},34965,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=65497810","Raimond Spekking, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=65497810\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Siderit und Chalkopyrit-1497.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSiderite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Siderite\">Siderite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: 6.5 cm × 4.5 cm × 3.0 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Fe-Cu-deposit Dahongshan, Xinping County, Yunnan Province, China\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Crystal step with leafy, beige-colored siderite and gold-colored chalcopyrite from the collection of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBenutzerin:Ra%27ike\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:Benutzerin:Ra'ike\">Ra'ike\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Raimond Spekking",6720,4480,{"id":1211,"source_url":1212,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1213,"title":1214,"description":1215,"author":739,"original_width":1216,"original_height":1217},35940,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149125","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149125\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Tetrahedrite-Quartz-168074.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTetrahedrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tetrahedrite\">Tetrahedrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Huaron Mining District, San Jose de Huayllay District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCerro_de_Pasco\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cerro de Pasco\">Cerro de Pasco\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDaniel_Alcides_Carri%C3%B3n_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Daniel Alcides Carrión Province\">Daniel Alcides Carrión Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Pasco Department, Peru (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-28521.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 7.4 x 5.5 x 4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A choice specimen of superb sharp Chalcopyrites clustered beautifully on a matrix of Tetrahedrite and Quartz. The largest Chalcopyrite is 3 cm across, and the patina is fantastic. Ex. Charlie Key.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",483,499,{"id":1219,"source_url":1220,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1221,"title":1222,"description":1223,"author":739,"original_width":1224,"original_height":1225},35942,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164200","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164200\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Tetrahedrite-Quartz-233173.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTetrahedrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tetrahedrite\">Tetrahedrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Herodsfoot Mine (North Herodsfoot Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLanreath\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Lanreath\">Lanreath\u003C\u002Fa>, Menheniot Area, Liskeard District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCornwall\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cornwall\">Cornwall\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEngland\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:England\">England\u003C\u002Fa>, UK (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-1032.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.8 x 3.4 x 2.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A classic, old-time combination specimen from Cornwall, England. Lustrous, brassy, lightly iridescent chalcopyrite crystals to 1.1 cm with textbook, tetragonal form are richly and nicely scattered on the quartz matrix with charcoal-gray tetrahedrite crystals. Certainly over 100 years old in this quality. These are really sharp chalcopyrite crystals for Cornwall.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",750,708,{"id":1227,"source_url":1228,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1229,"title":1230,"description":1231,"author":739,"original_width":1010,"original_height":1232},35944,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167617","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167617\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tetrahedrite-Chalcopyrite-Sphalerite-251530.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTetrahedrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tetrahedrite\">Tetrahedrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSphalerite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sphalerite\">Sphalerite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Casapalca Mine, Casapalca, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHuarochir%C3%AD_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Huarochirí Province\">Huarochiri Province\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLima_Department\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Lima Department\">Lima Department\u003C\u002Fa>, Peru (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-5407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 8.2 x 6.4 x 4.7 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A large, very rich specimen of sharp, modified Tetrahedrite crystals from Peru. These crystals, often intergrown or sprinkled with showy brassy Chalcopyrite, measure to .9 cm along the edge. The Tetrahedrites have superb luster and have fascinating modifications on the faces and edges. All rest on massive Sphalerite, and there are several large, intergrown Sphalerite crystals, as well. Ex. Charlie Key.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",428,{"id":1234,"source_url":1235,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1236,"title":1237,"description":1238,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":1239},35949,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10456786","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10456786\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Quartz-Tetrahedrite-pb43b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTetrahedrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tetrahedrite\">Tetrahedrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Alimon Mine (Animon Mine), Huaron Mining District, San Jose de Huayllay District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCerro_de_Pasco\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cerro de Pasco\">Cerro de Pasco\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDaniel_Alcides_Carri%C3%B3n_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Daniel Alcides Carrión Province\">Daniel Alcides Carrión Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Pasco Department, Peru (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-28507.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: small cabinet, 9 x 7.8 x 5.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Chalcopyrite coated with Tetrahedrite on Quartz\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Large, pyramidal, slate-gray crystals of Chalcopyrite coated with Tetrahedrite , to 3.5 cm in length, have grown in and around translucent, pastel gray, crystals of quartz which reach the same length. There does not appear to be any damage or contact except at the extreme periphery of this matrix specimen. The cluster just floats up there, perfect as can be! Very rare in such aesthetic form!\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",562,{"id":1241,"source_url":1242,"license_code":981,"credit_html":1243,"title":1244,"description":1245,"author":1246,"original_width":871,"original_height":871},36504,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1955996","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1955996\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Bornite w - chalcopyrite Copper iron sulfide Mount Con Mine Butte Silver Bow County Montana 2319.jpg","These mineral images are free to use how you wish.","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com",{"id":1248,"source_url":1249,"license_code":777,"credit_html":1250,"title":1251,"description":1252,"author":1253,"original_width":1254,"original_height":1255},36513,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=46131456","Geomartin, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=46131456\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Mt Mulga-magnetite-chalcopyrite-bornite.JPG","Magnetite (light grey), chalcopyrite (yellow) and bornit (brown) ind barite (dark grey, low relief) - quartz (dark grey, high relief) matrix\n\u003Cp>Mt Mulga barite mine, Olary region, South Australia\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nImage width: 2.96mm","Geomartin",2048,1536,{"id":1257,"source_url":1258,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1259,"title":1260,"description":1261,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":1216},36642,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149420","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149420\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Datolite-Danburite-Chalcopyrite-169724.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDatolite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Datolite\">Datolite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDanburite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Danburite\">Danburite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCharcas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Charcas\">Charcas\u003C\u002Fa>, Municipio de Charcas, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSan_Luis_Potos%C3%AD\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:San Luis Potosí\">San Luis Potosí\u003C\u002Fa>, Mexico (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2296.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 8.1 x 6.4 x 4.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>From Charcas, a specimen of large, lustrous crystals of datolite, with crystals of white danburite and little golden chalcopyrites. The largest of the crystals measures over 4 cm in two directions! They have a light greenish-gray color; the faces SHINE. Ex. Dave Stoudt Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":1263,"source_url":1264,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1265,"title":1266,"description":1267,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":1268},36646,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10170215","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10170215\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Datolite-Chalcopyrite-266284.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDatolite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Datolite\">Datolite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCharcas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Charcas\">Charcas\u003C\u002Fa>, Municipio de Charcas, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSan_Luis_Potos%C3%AD\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:San Luis Potosí\">San Luis Potosí\u003C\u002Fa>, Mexico (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2296.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 8.4 x 5.4 x 3.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Sharp, glassy and lustrous, light pastel-green datolite crystals to 1.5 cm cover the matrix on this excellent specimen from Charcas, Mexico. The iridescent golden and bronzy chalcopyrite crystals are a very nice accent. The datolite crystals look like gemstones on this very nearly pristine piece from the Dave Stoudt Collection. Old material.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",474,{"id":1270,"source_url":1271,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1272,"title":1273,"description":1274,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":1009},38524,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10148557","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10148557\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Carrollite-Chalcopyrite-Calcite-165263.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCarrollite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Carrollite\">Carrollite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKatanga\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Katanga\">Katanga (Shaba)\u003C\u002Fa>, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre) (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4326.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.3 x 3.8 x 3.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Three, mounded clusters of silvery bright carrollite crystals are aesthetically set on the front of a lustrous, translucent and colorless calcite cleavage rhomb. Lustrous, sculptural, brass-yellow chalcopyrite crystals nicely accent both the front and back of this UNCOMMON and really showy, two-sided, combination specimen from Shaba Province, Zaire.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":1276,"source_url":1277,"license_code":725,"credit_html":1278,"title":1279,"description":1280,"author":1281,"original_width":1282,"original_height":1283},38533,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=73355215","Carles Millan, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=73355215\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Carrollite, Chalcopyrite, Calcite-425161.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCarrollite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Carrollite\">Carrollite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Kamoya South II Mine (Kamoya Sud Mine; Kamoya South Mine), Kamoya, Kambove District, Katanga (Shaba), Democratic Republic of the Congo\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>\u003Ci>Original description:\u003C\u002Fi> A mirror-bright sharply formed, undamaged, cuboctahedral carrollite crystal with neat and lustrous faces, accompanied by some chalcopyrite, on a calcite cleavage matrix. As seen in the photos, the crystal shows several stepped edges.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Overall size: 52 mm x 46 mm x 41 mm. Carrollite crystal: 19 mm high. Weight: 123 g\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Carles Millan",3142,2749,{"id":1285,"source_url":1286,"license_code":725,"credit_html":1287,"title":1288,"description":1280,"author":1281,"original_width":1289,"original_height":1289},38534,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=73355218","Carles Millan, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=73355218\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Carrollite, Chalcopyrite, Calcite-425160.jpg",1790,{"id":1291,"source_url":1292,"license_code":777,"credit_html":1293,"title":1294,"description":1295,"author":1296,"original_width":1297,"original_height":1298},50005,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158856685","Горбунова М.С., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158856685\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Халькопирит с пентландитом.jpg","rock museum collection","Горбунова М.С.",4312,2856,{"id":1300,"source_url":1301,"license_code":777,"credit_html":1302,"title":1303,"description":1295,"author":1296,"original_width":1304,"original_height":1305},50006,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158856693","Горбунова М.С., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=158856693\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Халькопирит с пентландитом 2.jpg",4839,3205,{"id":1307,"source_url":1308,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1309,"title":1310,"description":1311,"author":739,"original_width":1312,"original_height":1313},50955,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10161811","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10161811\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Covellite-Chalcopyrite-217394.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCovellite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Covellite\">Covellite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FButte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Butte\">Butte\u003C\u002Fa>, Butte District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSilver_Bow_County,_Montana\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Silver Bow County, Montana\">Silver Bow County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMontana\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Montana\">Montana\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3873.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.0 x 2.5 x 2.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A classic, very rich Butte specimen with superb, iridescent violet and magenta covellite blades projecting upward from the end of the elongated matrix. The covellite blades are beautifully complimented by a bright, brass-yellow chalcopyrite crystals on the quartz-rich matrix. The covellite blades are in remarkable condition. Excellent, old-time material.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",486,699,{"id":1315,"source_url":1316,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1317,"title":1318,"description":1319,"author":753,"original_width":1320,"original_height":1321},51170,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=6604823","Ra'ike (see also: de:Benutzer:Ra'ike), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=6604823\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Kryolith mit Siderit, Galenit und Chalkopyrit - Jvigtut, Grönland.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCryolite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cryolite\">Cryolite\u003C\u002Fa> with \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSiderite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Siderite\">Siderite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGalena\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Galena\">Galena\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa> - Locality: Jvigtut, Greenland - Exposed in the Mineralogical Museum, Bonn, Germany",2800,2200,{"id":1323,"source_url":1324,"license_code":725,"credit_html":1325,"title":1326,"description":1327,"author":1328,"original_width":1096,"original_height":1095},51179,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=114777566","Charlie Smith, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=114777566\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Cryolite, Siderite, Chalcopyrite-1160193.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCryolite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cryolite\">Cryolite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSiderite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Siderite\">Siderite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: 149 mm × 55 mm × 101 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Ivigtut Mine, Arsuk Fjord, Sermersooq, Greenland\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: White, massive cryolite with brown siderite rhombs and small specks of chalcopyrite.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Charlie Smith",{"id":1330,"source_url":1331,"license_code":725,"credit_html":1332,"title":1333,"description":1327,"author":1328,"original_width":1096,"original_height":1095},51180,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=114777567","Charlie Smith, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=114777567\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Cryolite, Siderite, Chalcopyrite-1160192.jpg",{"id":1335,"source_url":1336,"license_code":725,"credit_html":1337,"title":1338,"description":1327,"author":1328,"original_width":1096,"original_height":1095},51181,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=114777568","Charlie Smith, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=114777568\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Cryolite, Siderite, Chalcopyrite-1160191.jpg",{"id":1340,"source_url":1341,"license_code":1049,"credit_html":1342,"title":1343,"description":1344,"author":1053,"original_width":1345,"original_height":1346},51711,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163482130","Darla Sondrol, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163482130\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Colbaltian arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite (GeoDIL number - 1152).jpg","Danaite, (Fe,Co)AsS, is a cobalt-rich variety of arsenopyrite. Here it is the dark gray mineral seen with minor tarnished gold chalcopyrite, CuFeS2 (copper iron sulfide). The specimen, 2 cm across, comes from a mining disrict in Spain.",2140,1878,{"id":1348,"source_url":1349,"license_code":1090,"credit_html":1350,"title":1351,"description":1352,"author":1094,"original_width":1095,"original_height":1096},56487,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118195151","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118195151\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Millerite with Chalcopyrite, Gersdorffite, and Quartz (47700373512).jpg","\u003Cp>Temagami\nOntario, Canada\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Col>\u003Cli>469\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>",{"id":1354,"source_url":1355,"license_code":1049,"credit_html":1356,"title":1357,"description":1358,"author":1053,"original_width":1359,"original_height":391},56698,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163482525","Darla Sondrol, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163482525\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Glaucodot with chalcopyrite (GeoDIL number - 1201).jpg","Glaucodot, (Co,Fe)AsS, is a metallic mineral having a greyish tin-white color, and containing cobalt and iron, with sulphur and arsenic. Most of the front face of this sample is glaucodot. The gold material on top is mostly tarnished chalcopyrite. This sample is 7 cm across.",2272,{"id":1361,"source_url":1362,"license_code":1090,"credit_html":1363,"title":1364,"description":1365,"author":1094,"original_width":1095,"original_height":1096},64623,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118194741","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118194741\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Linnaeite with Chalcopyrite and Serpentine (47700370792).jpg","\u003Cp>Müsen\nGermany\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Col>\u003Cli>543\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>",{"id":1367,"source_url":1368,"license_code":777,"credit_html":1369,"title":1370,"description":1371,"author":1372,"original_width":1373,"original_height":1374},64626,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163030163","Lodewicus de Honsvels, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163030163\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Linneit-Pyrit-Chalkopyrit.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLinnaeite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Linnaeite\">Linnaeite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrite\">Pyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Weight: 85.2 g\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Müsen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Lodewicus de Honsvels",5021,2953,{"id":1376,"source_url":1377,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1378,"title":1379,"description":1380,"author":739,"original_width":994,"original_height":1381},65578,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10429382","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10429382\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Chalcopyrite-Magnetite-cktsr-10c.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMagnetite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Magnetite\">Magnetite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAggeneys\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aggeneys\">Aggeneys\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNorthern_Cape\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Northern Cape\">Northern Cape Province\u003C\u002Fa>, South Africa (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-53702.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: small cabinet, 7 x 6 x 4 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>MAGNETITE in Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>I had never heard of anything from this mine except a few strangely formed rhodochrosites, until Charlie's Collection surfaced. He has a whole suite of strange sulfide combinations from this locality, for example this one featuring sharp alpine-quality magnetite in contrasting chalcopyrite matrix. The largest magnetite is 2 cm across. This is the best matrix specimen out of the whole lot of about 2 flats, which he had accumulated over the years from a worker at the mine. Ex. Charlie Key Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",720,{"id":1383,"source_url":1384,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1385,"title":1386,"description":1387,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":1388},67767,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162098","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162098\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Millerite-Chalcopyrite-219322.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMillerite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Millerite\">Millerite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Strathcona Mine, Levack, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSudbury_District,_Ontario\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sudbury District, Ontario\">Sudbury District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOntario\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ontario\">Ontario\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-8082.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.4 x 3.8 x 1.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>You probably think of millerite (nickel sulfide) in its rare crystalline (acicular) form, as that is the form it takes in most collector specimens. But here, it appears as a silvery vein running through a chunk of gaudy golden and purple chalcopyrite. Ex. Dr. Gunter Grundmann Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",441,{"id":1390,"source_url":1391,"license_code":759,"credit_html":1392,"title":1393,"description":1394,"author":763,"original_width":1395,"original_height":1396},68216,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41616215","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41616215\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Molybdenite-chalcopyrite (latest Cretaceous to earliest Tertiary, 62-66 Ma; Continental Pit, Butte Mining District, Montana, USA) (18620226073).jpg","\u003Cp>Molybdenite-chalcopyrite from Montana, USA. (photo by Nicole Anderson)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Silvery-gray = molybdenite\nBrassy gold = chalcopyrite (CuFeS2 - copper iron sulfide)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are over 4900 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The sulfide minerals contain one or more sulfide anions (S-2).  The sulfides are usually considered together with the arsenide minerals, the sulfarsenide minerals, and the telluride minerals.  Many sulfides are economically significant, as they occur commonly in ores.  The metals that combine with S-2 are mainly Fe, Cu, Ni, Ag, etc.  Most sulfides have a metallic luster, are moderately soft, and are noticeably heavy for their size.  These minerals will not form in the presence of free oxygen.  Under an oxygen-rich atmosphere, sulfide minerals tend to chemically weather to various oxide and hydroxide minerals.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Molybdenite is a molybdenum sulfide mineral (MoS2).  It has hexagonal crystals, metallic luster, a bright silvery color, and a dark gray streak.  It is fairly soft (H=2) and has one cleavage.  Molybdenite is especially distinctive in being flexible - thin scales or plates of molybdenite will easily bend but won't snap back into shape like biotite or muscovite mica.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Molybdenite is nearly identical to graphite (C) in its physical characteristics (see: \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.flickr.com\u002Fphotos\u002Fjsjgeology\u002Fsets\u002F72157650963514503\">www.flickr.com\u002Fphotos\u002Fjsjgeology\u002Fsets\u002F72157650963514503\u003C\u002Fa>).  Graphite is a principally a metamorphic mineral.  Molybdenite is usually an igneous mineral, occurring in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites.  It also occurs in some contact metamorphic rocks (skarns - \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.flickr.com\u002Fphotos\u002Fjsjgeology\u002Fsets\u002F72157646562268189\">www.flickr.com\u002Fphotos\u002Fjsjgeology\u002Fsets\u002F72157646562268189\u003C\u002Fa>).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The molybdenite-chalcopyrite specimen shown above is from a hydrothermal vein in Montana's Butte Mining District.  Butte was the top copper producer on Earth for many decades.  In that area, hydrothermal veins have intruded and altered the Butte Quartz Monzonite (Butte Pluton, mid-Campanian Stage, late Late Cretaceous, 76 million years), a large intrusive igneous mass forming part of the Boulder Batholith.  Copper sulfide-rich hydrothermal vein intrusion occurred at about 62 to 66 million years, around the time of the Cretaceous-Tertiary transition.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>This specimen is from the only currently active mine in Butte - the Continental Pit.  The sample contains the two ore minerals that are the mining targets at Continental Pit - chalcopyrite, for its copper, and molybdenite, for its molybdenum.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: Continental Pit, Butte Mining District, northeastern Silver Bow County, southwestern Montana, USA (46° 00' 37.39\" North, 112° 28' 42.36\" West)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of molybdenite:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=2746\">www.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=2746\u003C\u002Fa>",713,390,{"id":1398,"source_url":1399,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1400,"title":1401,"description":1402,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":209},74833,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154161","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154161\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Acanthite-Polybasite-Chalcopyrite-184768.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAcanthite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Acanthite\">Acanthite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPolybasite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Polybasite\">Polybasite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGuanajuato\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Guanajuato\">Guanajuato\u003C\u002Fa>, Municipio de Guanajuato, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGuanajuato\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Guanajuato\">Guanajuato\u003C\u002Fa>, Mexico (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2322.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.3 x 3.3 x 3.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A fine specimen of sparkly, gray acanthite pseudomorphs after platy polysbasite crystals and nicely accented by sparkly, golden chalcopyrite microcrystals from the mines of Guanajuato, Mexico. Ex. Dave Stoudt Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":1404,"source_url":1405,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1406,"title":1407,"description":1408,"author":739,"original_width":740,"original_height":1409},74834,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10157196","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10157196\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Acanthite-Polybasite-Chalcopyrite-196080.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAcanthite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Acanthite\">Acanthite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPolybasite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Polybasite\">Polybasite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: San Juan de Rayas Mine (Rayas Mine; Reyes Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGuanajuato\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Guanajuato\">Guanajuato\u003C\u002Fa>, Municipio de Guanajuato, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGuanajuato\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Guanajuato\">Guanajuato\u003C\u002Fa>, Mexico (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2324.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.0 x 3.3 x 2.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A superb and rich silver ore combination specimen from the famous Rayas Mine at Guanajuato, Mexico. Sparkly, golden-yellow bright chalcopyrite microcrystals cover matrix of essentially solid, bladed polybasite and blocky acanthite crystals. A couple of quartz rosettes are a nice accent to the gray and gold sulfides. Ex. Dave Stoudt Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",350,{"id":1411,"source_url":1412,"license_code":777,"credit_html":1413,"title":1414,"description":1415,"author":1372,"original_width":1416,"original_height":1417},74864,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=162993365","Lodewicus de Honsvels, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=162993365\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Polydymit-Chalkopyrit-Siderit.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPolydymite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Polydymite\">Polydymite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSiderite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Siderite\">Siderite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Weight: 125.2 g\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Grüne Au Mine, Schutzbach, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",5032,3944,{"id":1419,"source_url":1420,"license_code":777,"credit_html":1421,"title":1422,"description":1423,"author":1424,"original_width":1425,"original_height":1426},75059,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=162524627","Didym, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=162524627\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Posnjakit, Chalkopyrit, Covellin 28341.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPosnjakite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Posnjakite\">Posnjakite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCovellite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Covellite\">Covellite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDashkasan_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Dashkasan District\">Dashkasan\u003C\u002Fa>, Azerbaijan\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Didym",6254,4135,{"id":1428,"source_url":1429,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1430,"title":1431,"description":1432,"author":1433,"original_width":1434,"original_height":1435},75060,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=162679974","HolDu, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=162679974\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Posnjakit, Chalkopyrit, Covellin-Dashkesan, Aserbeidschan 1.JPG","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPosnjakite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Posnjakite\">Posnjakite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCovellite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Covellite\">Covellite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Dashkesan, Azerbaijan\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","HolDu",5184,3888,{"id":1437,"source_url":1438,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1439,"title":1440,"description":1432,"author":1433,"original_width":1441,"original_height":1442},75061,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=162680332","HolDu, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=162680332\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Posnjakit, Chalkopyrit, Covellin-Dashkesan, Aserbeidschan 2.JPG",4328,3064,{"id":1444,"source_url":1445,"license_code":1090,"credit_html":1446,"title":1447,"description":1448,"author":1094,"original_width":1095,"original_height":1096},76665,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118203849","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118203849\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Renierite with Chalcopyrite and Bornite (47716766532).jpg","Katanga, Zaire",{"id":1450,"source_url":1451,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1452,"title":1453,"description":1454,"author":739,"original_width":1010,"original_height":1455},80105,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10152981","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10152981\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Sperrylite-Chalcopyrite-180728.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSperrylite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sperrylite\">Sperrylite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Vermilion Mine, Denison Township, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSudbury_District,_Ontario\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sudbury District, Ontario\">Sudbury District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOntario\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ontario\">Ontario\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-559.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.8 x 2.8 x 2.7 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Rare and fairly large sperrylite crystals for the locality are scattered on chalcopyrite matrix on this super specimen from the Type Locality, the Vermillion Mine of Ontario. The metallic-bright crystals reach 3 mm. Ex. Plavac Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",325,{"id":1457,"source_url":1458,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1459,"title":1460,"description":1454,"author":739,"original_width":1388,"original_height":1461},80106,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10152982","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10152982\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Sperrylite-Chalcopyrite-180729.jpg",324,{"id":1463,"source_url":1464,"license_code":759,"credit_html":1465,"title":1466,"description":1467,"author":763,"original_width":1468,"original_height":1469},80119,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=35363073","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=35363073\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Sperrylite on chalcopyrite, Norilsk.jpg","\u003Cp>Sperrylite (silvery crystals at far left) & chalcopyrite (brassy gold areas + peacock-colored tarnished area at lower right) & magnetite (small black crystals at far left) (field of view 2.75 cm across).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Sperrylite is a very rare platinum arsenide mineral (PtAs2).  Very few localities on Earth have been reported to have sperrylite.  The two classic localities for this mineral are Sudbury, Ontario, Canada and the Norilsk Mining District in northern Siberia.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nSperrylite has a metallic luster, a bright silvery color, a dark gray to black streak, is fairly hard (H = 6 to 7), and is quite heavy for its size.  It forms crystals in the isometric system, resulting in octahedrons and octahedrons truncated by cubic forms.",2658,1662,{"id":1471,"source_url":1472,"license_code":735,"credit_html":1473,"title":1474,"description":1475,"author":739,"original_width":1476,"original_height":994},80390,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149401","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149401\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Stannite-Chalcopyrite-Quartz-168837.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FStannite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Stannite\">Stannite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcopyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcopyrite\">Chalcopyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Yaogangxian Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FYizhang_County\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Yizhang County\">Yizhang County\u003C\u002Fa>, Chenzhou Prefecture, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHunan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hunan\">Hunan Province\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4549.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.2 x 5.0 x 4.7 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A brilliantly lustrous ball of stepped stannite crystals, flanked by splaying GEM quartzes at its upper edge, makes this a really outstanding stannite specimen. Usually they are kind alumpy and although great for the species, not much to look at overall. THIS ONE is very aesthetic, though; as well as significant for the rare mineral displayed. The flanking quartzes and golden chalcopyrite to either side simply makes this piece more unique and special than the crowd. Ex. Dr. Steve Smale Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",790,{"id":1478,"source_url":1479,"license_code":981,"credit_html":1480,"title":1481,"description":1482,"author":1483,"original_width":1484,"original_height":1485},81120,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=84888383","Henry G. Ferguson, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=84888383\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","USGS Bulletin787 Plate18 FigureA Mutual intergrowths of Stromeyerite and Chalcopyrite.jpg","Original caption:\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Mutual intergrowths of Stromeyerite (str), Chalcopyrite (cp), and Galena (gn), Last Chance Mine, 300 Level. Ag, Native silver; sl, sphalerite. Enlarged 120 diameters.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\n\u003Ci>Scale:\u003C\u002Fi> Assuming original was 100 mm wide, the width of the image represents 0.83 mm.","Henry G. Ferguson",1250,978,{"id":1487,"source_url":1488,"license_code":759,"credit_html":1489,"title":1490,"description":1491,"author":763,"original_width":1492,"original_height":1493},83271,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157631501","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157631501\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Massive sulfide rock (chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite-pyrite) (Otervann Volcanic Formation, Ordovician; Jakobsbakken Mine, Norway) 2.jpg","Massive sulfide rock from the Ordovician of Norway.\n\u003Cp>This massive sulfide rock is composed of pyrite (iron disulfide, FeS2), pyrrhotite (imperfect iron monosulfide, Fe1-xS), and chalcopyrite (copper iron sulfide, CuFeS2).  It's from a Norwegian copper mine - the chalcopyite-rich rocks there were copper ores.  It comes from a succession of mafic volcanic rocks of Ordovician age that were metamorphosed in the mid-Paleozoic during the Scandinavian phase of the Caledonian Orogeny.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Stratigraphy: Otervann Volcanic Formation, Ordovician (with metamorphism in the Silurian to Devonian)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: Level 13½ of the Jakobsbakken Mine, Southern Ore Field of the Sulitjelma Copper Mines, Nordland, Norway\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Info. at:\naps.ngu.no\u002Fpls\u002Foradb\u002Fminres_deposit_fakta_NY_KS.Main?p_ob...\nand\nwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-34428.html\nand\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-14413.html",3600,2373,{"id":1495,"source_url":1496,"license_code":759,"credit_html":1497,"title":1498,"description":1499,"author":763,"original_width":1500,"original_height":1501},83683,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41901859","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41901859\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyrrhotite-galena-chalcopyrite (Russia) (18697964699).jpg","\u003Cp>Pyrrhotite-galena-chalcopyrite from Russia. (public display, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Brassy-gold = pyrrhotite\nSilvery-gray = galena (PbS - lead sulfide)\nNear-black = sphalerite (ZnS - zinc sulfide)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are over 4900 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The sulfide minerals contain one or more sulfide anions (S-2).  The sulfides are usually considered together with the arsenide minerals, the sulfarsenide minerals, and the telluride minerals.  Many sulfides are economically significant, as they occur commonly in ores.  The metals that combine with S-2 are mainly Fe, Cu, Ni, Ag, etc.  Most sulfides have a metallic luster, are moderately soft, and are noticeably heavy for their size.  These minerals will not form in the presence of free oxygen.  Under an oxygen-rich atmosphere, sulfide minerals tend to chemically weather to various oxide and hydroxide minerals.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Pyrrhotite is imperfect iron monosulfide (Fe(1-x)S).  The atomic structure of pyrrhotite has holes due to an insufficient number of iron atoms, cf. sulfur atoms.  Iron monosulfide is a common, but minor, component of many meteorites, but it lacks the atomic-scale “holes” of pyrrhotite, and is called troilite (FeS).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Pyrrhotite is superficially like pyrite in appearance and chemistry, but they are different minerals.  Pyrrhotite has a metallic luster, a brownish-brassy or bronzish color, a black streak, no cleavage, and is magnetic.  What’s particularly distinctive about pyrrhotite is that it is variably magnetic.  The holes in the atomic structure gives pyrrhotite its magnetism.  But, there's variation in the number of missing iron atoms from sample to sample, so pyrrhotite ends up having variable magnetism.  More holes results in stronger magnetism.  Few holes results in weaker magnetism.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of pyrrhotite:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=3328\">www.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=3328\u003C\u002Fa>",3194,2708,[1503,1509,1513,1518],{"id":1504,"url":1505,"label":1506,"formula":1507,"spacegroup":1508,"year":692},2470,"\u002Fcif\u002F2470.cif","Knight 2011","Cu Fe S2","I -4 2 d",{"id":1510,"url":1511,"label":1512,"formula":1507,"spacegroup":1508,"year":606},2472,"\u002Fcif\u002F2472.cif","Hall 1973",{"id":1514,"url":1515,"label":1516,"formula":1507,"spacegroup":1508,"year":1517},2473,"\u002Fcif\u002F2473.cif","Pauling 1932",1932,{"id":1519,"url":1520,"label":1521,"formula":1522,"spacegroup":1523,"year":1524},2474,"\u002Fcif\u002F2474.cif","Burdick 1917","(Cu.5 Fe.5) S","F -4 3 m",1917,[1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553],"Chalcopirita","Chalcopyrita","Chalkopyrita","Chalkopyrite","Copper Pyrite","Copper Pyrites","Cuivre Jaune","Cuivre Pyriteux","Cupropyrit","Cupropyrita","Cupropyrite","Gelbkupfererz","Gelferz","Kobberkis","Kopparglasertz","Kupfereisenerz","Kupfereisenerzkies","Kupferkies","Kupferkis","Pirita de Cobre","Pyrites of Copper","Rame giallo","Towanit","Towanita","Towanite","Yellow Copper","Yellow Copper Ore","Yellow Pyrite",[1555,1559,1563,1567,1570,1574,1578,1582,1586,1590,1594,1598,1602,1606,1611,1615,1619,1623,1628,1638,1642,1646,1650,1653,1657,1661,1665,1670,1674,1679,1686,1690,1694,1697,1700,1703,1707,1710,1714,1717,1721,1724,1727,1733,1739,1744,1749,1753,1756,1760,1764,1768,1774,1777,1780,1783,1786,1791,1796,1799,1804,1807,1811,1815,1819,1822,1825,1828,1831,1834],{"lang":1556,"names":1557},"af",[1558],"Chalkopiriet",{"lang":1560,"names":1561},"an",[1562],"Calcopirita",{"lang":1564,"names":1565},"ar",[1566],"كالكوبيريت",{"lang":1568,"names":1569},"ast",[1562],{"lang":1571,"names":1572},"az",[1573],"Xalkopirit",{"lang":1575,"names":1576},"be",[1577],"Халькапірыт",{"lang":1579,"names":1580},"bg",[1581],"Халкопирит",{"lang":1583,"names":1584},"bs",[1585],"Halkopirit",{"lang":1587,"names":1588},"ca",[1589],"calcopirita",{"lang":1591,"names":1592},"cs",[1593],"Chalkopyrit",{"lang":1595,"names":1596},"de",[1597,1593,1537,1541,1543],"Buntkupfer",{"lang":1599,"names":1600},"el",[1601],"Χαλκοπυρίτης",{"lang":1603,"names":1604},"eo",[1605],"Kalkopirito",{"lang":1607,"names":1608},"es",[1589,1609,1610],"calcopiritas","pirita de cobre",{"lang":1612,"names":1613},"et",[1614],"kalkopüriit",{"lang":1616,"names":1617},"eu",[1618],"Kalkopirita",{"lang":1620,"names":1621},"fa",[1622],"کالکوپیریت",{"lang":1624,"names":1625},"fi",[1626,1627],"kalkopyriitti","kuparikiisu",{"lang":1629,"names":1630},"fr",[1631,1632,1529,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1550],"Blister Copper","chalcopyrite","CuFeS2","Cuivre jaune","Cuivre pyriteux","Mine de cuivre jaune","pyrite cuivreuse",{"lang":1639,"names":1640},"ga",[1641],"calcaipirít",{"lang":1643,"names":1644},"gl",[1562,1645],"Pirita de cobre",{"lang":1647,"names":1648},"he",[1649],"כלקופיריט",{"lang":1651,"names":1652},"hr",[1585],{"lang":1654,"names":1655},"hu",[1656],"kalkopirit",{"lang":1658,"names":1659},"hy",[1660],"Խալկոպիրիտ",{"lang":1662,"names":1663},"id",[1664],"Kalkopirit",{"lang":1666,"names":1667},"is",[1668,1669],"Kalkópýrít","Koparkís",{"lang":1671,"names":1672},"it",[1673],"Calcopirite",{"lang":1675,"names":1676},"ja",[1677,1678],"カルコパイライト","黄銅鉱",{"lang":1680,"names":1681},"jbo",[1682,1683,1684,1685],"kalkopairait","kunrnkalkopurita","tcalkopairait","tcalkpairait",{"lang":1687,"names":1688},"kk",[1689],"Халькопирит",{"lang":1691,"names":1692},"kk-arab",[1693],"حالكوپىيرىيت",{"lang":1695,"names":1696},"kk-cn",[1693],{"lang":1698,"names":1699},"kk-cyrl",[1689],{"lang":1701,"names":1702},"kk-kz",[1689],{"lang":1704,"names":1705},"kk-latn",[1706],"Xalʹkopïrït",{"lang":1708,"names":1709},"kk-tr",[1706],{"lang":1711,"names":1712},"ko",[1713],"황동석",{"lang":1715,"names":1716},"ky",[1689],{"lang":1718,"names":1719},"lt",[1720],"Chalkopiritas",{"lang":1722,"names":1723},"mk",[1581],{"lang":1725,"names":1726},"mn",[1689],{"lang":1728,"names":1729},"nb",[1730,1731,1732],"chalkopyritt","kobberkis","kopperkis",{"lang":1734,"names":1735},"nds",[1593,1736,1737,1738],"Geelkopperierz","Kopperiesenierz","Kopperkies",{"lang":1740,"names":1741},"nl",[1742,1743],"chalcopyriet","Koperkies",{"lang":1745,"names":1746},"nn",[1747,1748],"koparkis","Kopparkis",{"lang":1750,"names":1751},"no",[1752],"Kopperkis",{"lang":1754,"names":1755},"oc",[1562,1632],{"lang":1757,"names":1758},"pl",[1759],"Chalkopiryt",{"lang":1761,"names":1762},"pt",[1589,1673,1763],"Minério de cobre",{"lang":1765,"names":1766},"ro",[1767],"calcopirită",{"lang":1769,"names":1770},"ru",[1771,1772,1773],"золотая обманка","медный колчедан","халькопирит",{"lang":1775,"names":1776},"sco",[1632],{"lang":1778,"names":1779},"sh",[1585],{"lang":1781,"names":1782},"sk",[1593],{"lang":1784,"names":1785},"sl",[1585],{"lang":1787,"names":1788},"sr",[1585,1789,1790],"руда бакра","халкопирит",{"lang":1792,"names":1793},"sv",[1794,1748,1795],"Kalkopyrit","Kopparkismalm",{"lang":1797,"names":1798},"tr",[1664],{"lang":1800,"names":1801},"uk",[1802,1803],"Мідний колчедан","Халькопірит",{"lang":1805,"names":1806},"uz",[1573],{"lang":1808,"names":1809},"vi",[1810],"Chalcopyrit",{"lang":1812,"names":1813},"wuu",[1814],"黄铜矿",{"lang":1816,"names":1817},"zh",[1818],"黃銅礦",{"lang":1820,"names":1821},"zh-cn",[1814],{"lang":1823,"names":1824},"zh-hans",[1814],{"lang":1826,"names":1827},"zh-hant",[1818],{"lang":1829,"names":1830},"zh-hk",[1818],{"lang":1832,"names":1833},"zh-sg",[1814],{"lang":1835,"names":1836},"zh-tw",[1818],"Q111044",{"history":1839,"applications":1844},{"markdown":1840,"model_version":1841,"prompt_version":1842,"reviewed_at":1843},"Chalcopyrite has been the most important ore of copper since the Bronze Age[1]. Major historical workings include Río Tinto in Spain, the Ani mine in Japan, Butte in Montana, and Joplin in Missouri[2].\n\nFor centuries, the mineral was confused with pyrite. The two share the brassy lustre and the spark-when-struck behaviour that gave both their Greek name. Dioscorides, writing around 50 CE, listed them together under the umbrella term *purites lithos* in book 5 of his medical treatise *On Medical Material*[3].\n\nIn 1725, Johann Friedrich Henckel separated chalcopyrite from pyrite by giving it its own name[4]. He combined the Greek *chalkos* (copper) with *pyrites* (strike fire) — *the copper one that strikes fire*.","claude-opus-4-7","1.7.0","2026-06-02 13:07:06",{"markdown":1845,"model_version":1841,"prompt_version":1842,"reviewed_at":1846},"Chalcopyrite is the principal ore of copper, the most abundant copper-bearing mineral on Earth[1]. The world's copper supply rests on chalcopyrite mining.\n\nTwo extraction routes are in use. Pyrometallurgy — the heat route — is the commercially dominant one[2]. The ore is crushed and ground, the mineral concentrated by froth flotation, then smelted, refined, and electro-refined into pure copper. Hydrometallurgy, the water-chemistry route, handles ores that pyrometallurgy cannot reach economically[3].\n\nThe smelting step produces sulfur dioxide gas, which is captured and converted into sulfuric acid — a major by-product of every modern copper smelter[4].","2026-06-02 13:11:13"]