[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:1164":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":20,"key_elements":11,"impurities":11,"cim":21,"ima_status":22,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":25,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":11,"strunz10ed1":26,"strunz10ed2":27,"strunz10ed3":19,"strunz10ed4":28,"dana8ed1":29,"dana8ed2":30,"dana8ed3":31,"dana8ed4":32,"csystem":33,"cclass":34,"spacegroup":11,"spacegroupset":35,"a":36,"b":37,"c":38,"alpha":35,"beta":39,"gamma":35,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":40,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":41,"twinning":11,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":11,"tlform":11,"hmin":34,"hmax":42,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":35,"vhnmax":35,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":43,"dmeas2":44,"dcalc":45,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":46,"lustretype":47,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":48,"streak":49,"colour":50,"commentcolor":11,"colors":51,"streak_colors":55,"luminescence":11,"uv":56,"cleavage":57,"cleavagetype":11,"fracturetype":11,"tenacity":58,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":11,"opticalsign":11,"opticalalpha":35,"opticalalpha2":35,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":35,"opticalbeta2":35,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":35,"opticalgamma2":35,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":35,"opticalomega2":35,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":35,"opticalepsilon2":35,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":35,"opticaln2":35,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":35,"optical2vcalc2":35,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":35,"optical2vmeasured2":35,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":11,"rimax":11,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":11,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":59,"aboutname":60,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":61,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":62,"group_members":63,"associates":112,"confused_with":131,"type_localities":137,"occurrence_total":144,"citations":145,"images":195,"structures":221,"synonyms":235,"language_names":242,"wikidata_qid":289,"texts":290},1164,"1:1:1164:4","b14523d3-7cb8-40e2-b5d5-ccd887bd959f","Cryptomelane","Cml",0,"mineral",null,29285,3547,false,"K(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>",[17,18,19],"Mn","O","K",[17,18,19],"7.2.4",[23,24],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED",1982,"4","D","05a","7","9","1","2","Monoclinic",5,"0","9.956","2.8705","9.706","90.95",1,"Non-standard I2\u002Fm setting; pseudo-tetragonal",6.5,"4.17","4.41","4.44","Earthy","Resinous,Dull,Earthy","Opaque","Brownish black","Brown, grayish-white",[52,53,54],"brown","gray","black",[52,54],"Not fluorescent in ultraviolet","The hollandite member of this group has a good prismatic cleavage.","brittle","Visually indistinguishable from hollandite and several other manganese oxide minerals. \r\n\r\nMany manganese oxides are better identified using infra-red spectroscopy than by X-ray diffraction because of issues of crystal size, disorder, etc. (Potter and ...","Named in 1942 by Wallace E. Richmond and Forrest A. Gonyer From the Greek words meaning κρυπτοζ \"hidden\" and μέλας \"black,\" since the identity of this common black manganese mineral had been hidden within a group of manganese oxides.","2026-03-12 16:46:05",[],[64,72,79,85,92,101,106],{"id":65,"name":66,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":67,"mindat_formula":67,"hmin":68,"hmax":34,"dmeas":69,"dcalc":70,"primary_image_id":71},1134,"Coronadite","Pb(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>",4.5,"5.246","5.45",6336,{"id":73,"name":74,"entrytype":9,"csystem":75,"ima_formula":76,"mindat_formula":76,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":77,"primary_image_id":78},47021,"Ferricoronadite","Tetragonal","Pb(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.538",8582,{"id":80,"name":81,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":82,"mindat_formula":82,"hmin":83,"hmax":84,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},43558,"Ferrihollandite","Ba(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>",4,6,{"id":86,"name":87,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":88,"mindat_formula":88,"hmin":83,"hmax":84,"dmeas":89,"dcalc":90,"primary_image_id":91},1921,"Hollandite","Ba(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.95","4.93",29875,{"id":93,"name":94,"entrytype":9,"csystem":75,"ima_formula":95,"mindat_formula":95,"hmin":96,"hmax":97,"dmeas":98,"dcalc":99,"primary_image_id":100},2566,"Manjiroite","Na(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>",3,3.5,"4.29","4.23",15402,{"id":102,"name":103,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":104,"mindat_formula":104,"hmin":83,"hmax":68,"dmeas":35,"dcalc":105,"primary_image_id":11},7317,"Strontiomelane","Sr(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.66",{"id":107,"name":108,"entrytype":9,"csystem":75,"ima_formula":109,"mindat_formula":110,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":111,"primary_image_id":11},54020,"Thalliomelane","TlMn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>7.5\u003C\u002Fsub>Cu\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>0.5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>","Tl(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>7.5\u003C\u002Fsub>Cu\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>0.5\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.285",[113,123],{"id":114,"name":115,"entrytype":9,"csystem":116,"ima_formula":117,"mindat_formula":118,"hmin":42,"hmax":119,"dmeas":120,"dcalc":121,"primary_image_id":122},2940,"Nsutite","Hexagonal","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>x\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>1-x\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>2-2x\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2x\u003C\u002Fsub>","(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>)(O,OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",8,"4.24","4.86",17933,{"id":124,"name":125,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":126,"mindat_formula":127,"hmin":128,"hmax":128,"dmeas":129,"dcalc":35,"primary_image_id":130},4171,"Vernadite","(Mn,Fe,Ca,Na)(O,OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · nH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","(Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Ca,Na)(O,OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·nH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",2,"2.9",22138,[132,133,134,135,136],{"id":65,"name":66,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":67,"mindat_formula":67,"hmin":68,"hmax":34,"dmeas":69,"dcalc":70,"primary_image_id":71},{"id":80,"name":81,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":82,"mindat_formula":82,"hmin":83,"hmax":84,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},{"id":86,"name":87,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":88,"mindat_formula":88,"hmin":83,"hmax":84,"dmeas":89,"dcalc":90,"primary_image_id":91},{"id":93,"name":94,"entrytype":9,"csystem":75,"ima_formula":95,"mindat_formula":95,"hmin":96,"hmax":97,"dmeas":98,"dcalc":99,"primary_image_id":100},{"id":102,"name":103,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":104,"mindat_formula":104,"hmin":83,"hmax":68,"dmeas":35,"dcalc":105,"primary_image_id":11},[138],{"id":139,"txt":140,"latitude":141,"longitude":142,"country":143},3314,"Tombstone, Tombstone Mining District, Cochise County, Arizona, USA",31.7127778,-110.0669444,"USA",545,[146,150,154,159,164,169,174,178,183,187,191],{"id":147,"year":148,"html":149,"doi":11},521285,1942,"Richmond, Wallace E., Fleischer, Michael (1942) Cryptomelane, a new name for the commonest of the \"psilomelane\" minerals. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  27 (9) 607-610 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM27\u002FAM27_607.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":151,"year":152,"html":153,"doi":11},521383,1943,"Gruner, John W. (1943) The chemical relationship of cryptomelane (psilomelane), hollandite, and coronadite. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  28 (9-10) 497-506 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM28\u002FAM28_497.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":155,"year":156,"html":157,"doi":158},5509,1959,"Mukherjee, Bibhuti (1959) X-ray study of psilomelane and cryptomelane. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  32 (245) 166-171 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1959.32.245.08'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1959.32.245.08\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_32\u002F32-245-166.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1959.32.245.08",{"id":160,"year":161,"html":162,"doi":163},231938,1964,"Larson, Lawrence T. (1964) Geology and mineralogy of certain manganese oxide deposits. \u003Ci>Economic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  59 (1) 54-78 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.59.1.54'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.59.1.54\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.59.1.54",{"id":165,"year":166,"html":167,"doi":168},16596174,1969,"Ramdohr, Paul (1969) \u003Ci>The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths\u003C\u002Fi>. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fc2013-0-10027-x'>doi:10.1016\u002Fc2013-0-10027-x\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fc2013-0-10027-x",{"id":170,"year":171,"html":172,"doi":173},74325,1976,"Perseil, E. A.; Pinet, M. (1976) Contribution à la connaissance des romanèchites et des cryptomélanes - coronadites - hollandites. Traits essentiels et paragenèses. \u003Ci>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  55 (2). 191-204 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf00372226'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf00372226\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf00372226",{"id":175,"year":176,"html":177,"doi":11},527338,1979,"Potter, Russell M., Rossman, George R (1979) The tetravalent manganese oxides: identification, hydration, and structural relationships by infrared spectroscopy. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  64 (11-12) 1199-1218 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002FAmMin\u002FAM64\u002FAM64_1199\u002FAM79-117_wavenumbers.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":179,"year":180,"html":181,"doi":182},162278,1980,"Nambu, Matsuo, Tanida, Katsutoshi (1980) Cryptomelane-Manjiroite-Hollandite Series Minerals. \u003Ci>Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Japan\u003C\u002Fi>,  14. 62-85 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2465\u002Fgkk1952.14.special3_62'>doi:10.2465\u002Fgkk1952.14.special3_62\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp\u002Farticle\u002Fgkk1952\u002F14\u002FSpecial3\u002F14_Special3_62\u002F_pdf\u002F-char\u002Fja\u002F' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2465\u002Fgkk1952.14.special3_62",{"id":184,"year":25,"html":185,"doi":186},198563,"Post, J. E., Von Dreele, R. B., Buseck, P. R. (1982) Symmetry and cation displacements in hollandites: structure refinements of hollandite, cryptomelane and priderite. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  38 (4) 1056-1065 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0567740882004968'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0567740882004968\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0567740882004968",{"id":188,"year":189,"html":190,"doi":11},528382,1987,"Belkin, Harvey E., Libelo, E. Laurence (1987) Fibers and cylinders of cryptomelane-hollandite in Permian bedded salt, Palo Duro Basin, Texas. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  72 (11-12) 1211-1224 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM72\u002FAM72_1211.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":192,"year":193,"html":194,"doi":11},16963844,2005,"(2005) Cryptomelane. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fcryptomelane.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",[196,206,211],{"id":197,"source_url":198,"license_code":199,"credit_html":200,"title":201,"description":202,"author":203,"original_width":204,"original_height":205},6530,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1182180","CC BY-SA 3.0","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1182180\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Kryptomelan2, Maroko.jpg","kryptomelan, pochodzenie Maroko; autor zdjęcia Piotr Menducki; 12.o8.2006r","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims).",600,450,{"id":207,"source_url":208,"license_code":199,"credit_html":209,"title":210,"description":202,"author":203,"original_width":204,"original_height":205},6531,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1182194","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1182194\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Kryptomelan, Maroko.jpg",{"id":212,"source_url":213,"license_code":214,"credit_html":215,"title":216,"description":217,"author":218,"original_width":219,"original_height":220},6534,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=128748658","CC BY 3.0","John Sobolewski (JSS), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=128748658\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Scholzite,Cryptomelane-566656.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FScholzite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Scholzite\">Scholzite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCryptomelane\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cryptomelane\">Cryptomelane\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Reaphook Hill, Martins Well station, South Flinders Ranges, Flinders Ranges, South Australia, Australia\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: A 6.8 by 4.6 cms mass of crystals with some black Cryptomelane. JSS specimen and photo.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","John Sobolewski (JSS)",1024,768,[222,229],{"id":223,"url":224,"label":225,"formula":226,"spacegroup":227,"year":228},3373,"\u002Fcif\u002F3373.cif","Vicat 1986","K.333 Mn2 O4","I 4\u002Fm",1986,{"id":230,"url":231,"label":232,"formula":233,"spacegroup":234,"year":25},3374,"\u002Fcif\u002F3374.cif","Post 1982","K.65 Na.11 Sr.08 Mn3.76 Fe.16 Al.08 O8","I 1 2\u002Fm 1",[236,237,238,239,240,241],"Barium-Kalium-Psilomelan","Cryptomelaan","Ebelmenit","Ebelmenita","Ebelmenite","IMA1982-s.p.",[243,247,251,256,261,265,270,274,277,281,285],{"lang":244,"names":245},"ca",[246],"criptomelana",{"lang":248,"names":249},"de",[250],"Kryptomelan",{"lang":252,"names":253},"el",[254,255],"Κρυπτομέλας","ψιλομέλας",{"lang":257,"names":258},"es",[259,260],"Criptomelano","ebelmenita",{"lang":262,"names":263},"et",[264],"krüptomelaan",{"lang":266,"names":267},"eu",[268,269],"Criptomelana","Kriptomelana",{"lang":271,"names":272},"fr",[273],"Cryptomélane",{"lang":275,"names":276},"it",[259,7],{"lang":278,"names":279},"ja",[280],"クリプトメレーン鉱",{"lang":282,"names":283},"sv",[284],"kryptomelan",{"lang":286,"names":287},"uk",[288],"Криптомелан","Q3559150",{"history":11,"applications":11}]