[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:1943":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":16,"ima_formula":15,"elements":17,"sigelements":21,"key_elements":22,"impurities":11,"cim":23,"ima_status":24,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":27,"strunz10ed1":28,"strunz10ed2":29,"strunz10ed3":19,"strunz10ed4":30,"dana8ed1":31,"dana8ed2":32,"dana8ed3":33,"dana8ed4":34,"csystem":35,"cclass":36,"spacegroup":37,"spacegroupset":38,"a":39,"b":40,"c":41,"alpha":42,"beta":43,"gamma":42,"aerror":44,"berror":45,"cerror":45,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":46,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":47,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":48,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":49,"tlform":11,"hmin":46,"hmax":46,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":42,"vhnmax":42,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":50,"dmeas2":51,"dcalc":52,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":53,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":54,"streak":55,"colour":56,"commentcolor":11,"colors":57,"streak_colors":62,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":63,"cleavagetype":64,"fracturetype":11,"tenacity":11,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":65,"opticalsign":11,"opticalalpha":42,"opticalalpha2":42,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":42,"opticalbeta2":42,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":42,"opticalgamma2":42,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":42,"opticalomega2":42,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":42,"opticalepsilon2":42,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":42,"opticaln2":42,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":42,"optical2vcalc2":42,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":42,"optical2vmeasured2":42,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":11,"rimax":11,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":66,"industrial":11,"occurrence":67,"otheroccurrence":11,"type_specimen_store":68,"description_short":69,"aboutname":70,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":71,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":72,"group_members":73,"associates":102,"confused_with":103,"type_localities":112,"occurrence_total":119,"citations":120,"images":167,"structures":204,"synonyms":211,"language_names":213,"wikidata_qid":233,"texts":234},1943,"1:1:1943:5","151a0bec-98ac-4103-9230-359b04d88c09","Hulsite","Hls",0,"mineral",null,41588,304,false,"Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","May contain minor Mg replacing Fe(II) and minor Sn and Mg replacing Fe(III).",[18,19,20],"Fe","B","O",[18,19,20],[19],"9.6.4",[25,26],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1908","6","A","45","24","2","3","1","Monoclinic",5,13,"P2\u002Fm ","10.695","3.102","5.431","0","94.21",4,1,3,2,"On [001]. One member of the twinning rotated 120° relative to the other.","Small, rectangular crystals. Faces uneven and dull. Tabular masses.","4.28","4.57","4.62","Vitreous,Sub-Metallic","Opaque","Black","Black with greenish, brownish, or reddish tinge",[58,59,60,61],"black","green","brown","red",[58],"good on {110}","Distinct\u002FGood","Biaxial","Readily soluble in HCl and HF but less reactive in other acids.\r\n\r\nAlters to Limonite.","Contact metamorphosed limestone.","Natural History Museum, Paris, France, 110240; The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1912,612; Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 96246, 96247; National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 86791, 86989.","The Fe2+ analogue of Magnesiohulsite.","Named in 1908 by Adolph Knopf and Waldemar T. Schaller in honor of Alfred Hulse Brooks (July 18, 1871 – November 22, 1924), American chief geologist in Alaska for the United States Geological Survey from 1903 to 1924.","2026-05-17 08:29:02",[],[74,81,87,94],{"id":75,"name":76,"entrytype":9,"csystem":35,"ima_formula":77,"mindat_formula":78,"hmin":79,"hmax":79,"dmeas":42,"dcalc":80,"primary_image_id":11},26444,"Aluminomagnesiohulsite","Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>AlO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","(Mg,Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Mg,Sn)(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",6,"3.84",{"id":82,"name":83,"entrytype":9,"csystem":35,"ima_formula":84,"mindat_formula":84,"hmin":79,"hmax":79,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":85,"primary_image_id":86},47930,"Folvikite","Sb\u003Csup>5+\u003C\u002Fsup>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>(Mg,Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.14",9263,{"id":88,"name":89,"entrytype":9,"csystem":35,"ima_formula":90,"mindat_formula":90,"hmin":79,"hmax":79,"dmeas":91,"dcalc":92,"primary_image_id":93},2498,"Magnesiohulsite","Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","4.18","4.15",15082,{"id":95,"name":96,"entrytype":9,"csystem":35,"ima_formula":97,"mindat_formula":98,"hmin":79,"hmax":79,"dmeas":99,"dcalc":100,"primary_image_id":101},3214,"Pinakiolite","(Mg,Mn)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Sb\u003Csup>5+\u003C\u002Fsup>)O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","(Mg,Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.88","3.94",19475,[],[104],{"id":105,"name":106,"entrytype":9,"csystem":107,"ima_formula":15,"mindat_formula":108,"hmin":36,"hmax":36,"dmeas":109,"dcalc":110,"primary_image_id":111},4207,"Vonsenite","Orthorhombic","Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.21","4.80",27609,[113],{"id":114,"txt":115,"latitude":116,"longitude":117,"country":118},23333,"Brooks Mountain, York Mountains, Port Clarence Mining District, Nome Census Area, Alaska, USA",65.5389862,-167.1304867,"USA",16,[121,125,129,133,138,142,146,149,153,157,162],{"id":122,"year":123,"html":124,"doi":11},15975821,1908,"Knopf, A., Schaller, W.T. (1908) Two new boron minerals of contact-metamorphic origin. American Journal of Science: 175: 323-331",{"id":126,"year":127,"html":128,"doi":11},15975822,1910,"Schaller, W.T. (1910) Chemical composition of hulsite and paigeite. American Journal of Science: Series 4: 29: 543-549.",{"id":130,"year":131,"html":132,"doi":11},1118652,1951,"Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.",{"id":134,"year":135,"html":136,"doi":137},18447832,1974,"Vlisidis, Angelina C.; Schaller, Waldemar T. (1974) The identity of paigeite with vonsenite, and chemical analyses of vonsenite, ludwigite, and hulsite. \u003Ci>Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte\u003C\u002Fi>,  1974 (3-4). 95-105 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1127\u002Fnjmm\u002F1974\u002F1974\u002F95'>doi:10.1127\u002Fnjmm\u002F1974\u002F1974\u002F95\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1127\u002Fnjmm\u002F1974\u002F1974\u002F95",{"id":139,"year":140,"html":141,"doi":11},526606,1976,"Konnert, Judith A., Appleman, Daniel E., Clark, Joan R., Finger, Larry W., Kato, Toshio, Miura, Yasunori (1976) Crystal structure and cation distribution of hulsite, a tin-iron borate. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  61 (1-2) 116-122 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM61\u002FAM61_116.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":143,"year":144,"html":145,"doi":11},15418311,1996,"Grew, Edward S.; Anovitz, Lawrence M. - \u003Ci>Eds.\u003C\u002Fi> (1996) Boron - Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry. \u003Ci>Reviews in Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 33. Mineralogical Society of America p.862",{"id":147,"year":144,"html":148,"doi":11},16112227,"Rudnev, V.V. (1996) Monoclinic ferromagnesian oxiborates of hulsite isomorphic series, Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva, 125(1) 89-109 [in Russian].",{"id":150,"year":151,"html":152,"doi":11},16112228,1998,"Šrein, V., Hloušek, J. (1998) Ludwigit a hulsit z Krušných hor. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze: roč. 6: 243-246.",{"id":154,"year":155,"html":156,"doi":11},16964907,2005,"(2005) Hulsite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fhulsite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":158,"year":159,"html":160,"doi":161},180483,2012,"Ogoshi, Yukikazu, Minakawa, Tetsuo, Hamane, Daisuke (2012) Hulsite from Sengendera skarn deposit, Miyazaki, Japan. \u003Ci>Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences\u003C\u002Fi>,  41 (3) 61-66 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2465\u002Fgkk.111128'>doi:10.2465\u002Fgkk.111128\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp\u002Farticle\u002Fgkk\u002F41\u002F3\u002F41_111128\u002F_pdf\u002F-char\u002Fja\u002F' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2465\u002Fgkk.111128",{"id":163,"year":164,"html":165,"doi":166},16127528,2021,"Biryukov, Yaroslav P., Zinnatullin, Almaz L., Cherosov, Mikhail A., Shablinskii, Andrey P., Yusupov, Roman V., Bubnova, Rimma S., Vagizov, Farit G., Filatov, Stanislav K., Avdontceva, M. S., Pekov, Igor V. (2021) Low-temperature investigation of natural iron-rich oxoborates vonsenite and hulsite: thermal deformations of crystal structure, strong negative thermal expansion and cascades of magnetic transitions. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials\u003C\u002Fi>,  77 (6). 1021-1034 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs2052520621010866'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs2052520621010866\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs2052520621010866",[168,178,184,194],{"id":169,"source_url":170,"license_code":171,"credit_html":172,"title":173,"description":174,"author":175,"original_width":176,"original_height":177},11708,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10431254","CC BY-SA 3.0","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10431254\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hulsite-sea10ca.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHulsite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hulsite\">Hulsite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Brooks Mountain, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSeward_Peninsula\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Seward Peninsula\">Seward Peninsula\u003C\u002Fa>, Nome Borough, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlaska\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Alaska\">Alaska\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-23333.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 4.9 x 4.0 x 3.2 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Hulsite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Hulsite is an extremely rare iron borate, reported back in the 1890s. I have seen only half a dozen specimens for sale in my life, of which this is the largest and richest by far. All I have seen came from the same locality, its type locality. This piece is rich in massive and microcrystalline material. Ex. John White Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",800,797,{"id":179,"source_url":180,"license_code":171,"credit_html":181,"title":182,"description":174,"author":175,"original_width":176,"original_height":183},11709,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10431256","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10431256\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hulsite-sea10ba.jpg",679,{"id":185,"source_url":186,"license_code":187,"credit_html":188,"title":189,"description":190,"author":191,"original_width":192,"original_height":193},11712,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118201656","CC BY-SA 2.0","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118201656\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hulsite (48002875941).jpg","\u003Cp>Seward Pennisula\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nAlaska, USA","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada",6000,4000,{"id":195,"source_url":196,"license_code":197,"credit_html":198,"title":199,"description":200,"author":201,"original_width":202,"original_height":203},11713,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163478529","CC0 1.0","Nessa Eull, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163478529\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hulsite (GeoDIL number - 664).jpg","Hulsite (the black crystals in a metamorphosed limestone) is a rare borate mineral with compositon (Fe,Mg)2(Fe,Sn)O2(BO3). It is found in contact aureoles in the Seward Penninsula, Alaska, and in only a few other places.","Nessa Eull",1350,1789,[205],{"id":206,"url":207,"label":208,"formula":209,"spacegroup":210,"year":140},6333,"\u002Fcif\u002F6333.cif","Konnert 1976","Sn.2 Fe2.63 Mg1.12 B2 O10","P 1 2\u002Fm 1",[212],"Hulsiet",[214,218,222,226,229],{"lang":215,"names":216},"ca",[217],"hulsita",{"lang":219,"names":220},"de",[221],"Hulsit",{"lang":223,"names":224},"eu",[225],"Hulsita",{"lang":227,"names":228},"it",[7],{"lang":230,"names":231},"zh",[232],"黑硼锡铁矿","Q3787559",{"history":11,"applications":11}]