[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:1974":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":12,"polytypeof":12,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":16,"ima_formula":12,"elements":17,"sigelements":22,"key_elements":12,"impurities":12,"cim":12,"ima_status":12,"ima_notes":12,"ima_history":12,"approval_year":12,"publication_year":12,"discovery_year":12,"strunz10ed1":23,"strunz10ed2":23,"strunz10ed3":23,"strunz10ed4":12,"dana8ed1":12,"dana8ed2":12,"dana8ed3":12,"dana8ed4":12,"csystem":12,"cclass":12,"spacegroup":12,"spacegroupset":23,"a":12,"b":12,"c":12,"alpha":12,"beta":12,"gamma":12,"aerror":12,"berror":12,"cerror":12,"alphaerror":12,"betaerror":12,"gammaerror":12,"va3":12,"z":12,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":12,"twinning":12,"tranglide":12,"parting":12,"epitaxidescription":12,"morphology":12,"tlform":12,"hmin":12,"hmax":12,"hardtype":12,"vhnmin":12,"vhnmax":12,"vhnerror":12,"vhng":12,"vhns":12,"commenthard":12,"dmeas":12,"dmeas2":12,"dcalc":12,"dmeaserror":12,"dcalcerror":12,"commentdense":12,"lustre":12,"lustretype":12,"commentluster":12,"diapheny":12,"streak":12,"colour":12,"commentcolor":12,"colors":12,"streak_colors":12,"luminescence":12,"uv":12,"cleavage":12,"cleavagetype":12,"fracturetype":12,"tenacity":12,"commentbreak":12,"opticaltype":12,"opticalsign":12,"opticalalpha":12,"opticalalpha2":12,"opticalalphaerror":12,"opticalbeta":12,"opticalbeta2":12,"opticalbetaerror":12,"opticalgamma":12,"opticalgamma2":12,"opticalgammaerror":12,"opticalomega":12,"opticalomega2":12,"opticalomegaerror":12,"opticalepsilon":12,"opticalepsilon2":12,"opticalepsilonerror":12,"opticaln":12,"opticaln2":12,"opticalnerror":12,"optical2vcalc":12,"optical2vcalc2":12,"optical2vcalcerror":12,"optical2vmeasured":12,"optical2vmeasured2":12,"optical2vmeasurederror":12,"rimin":12,"rimax":12,"opticaldispersion":12,"opticalpleochroism":12,"opticalpleochorismdesc":12,"opticalbirefringence":12,"opticalcomments":12,"opticalcolour":12,"opticalinternal":12,"opticaltropic":12,"opticalanisotropism":12,"opticalbireflectance":12,"opticalextinction":12,"opticalr":12,"specdispm":12,"ir":12,"electrical":12,"magnetism":12,"thermalbehaviour":12,"other":12,"industrial":12,"occurrence":12,"otheroccurrence":12,"type_specimen_store":12,"description_short":12,"aboutname":24,"rock_parent":12,"rock_parent2":12,"rock_root":25,"rock_bgs_code":12,"meteoritical_code":12,"updttime":26,"reviewed_at":12,"variety_of":27,"varieties":35,"group_members":36,"associates":37,"confused_with":38,"type_localities":39,"occurrence_total":40,"citations":41,"images":115,"structures":175,"synonyms":176,"language_names":177,"wikidata_qid":12,"texts":178},1974,"1:1:1974:9","25a1b8fe-a8f0-404f-bdd8-7e3882d788cd","Hydrogrossular","Hgrs",2,"variety",1755,null,77,false,"Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","an (OH)-bearing variety of grossular",[18,19,20,21],"Al","Ca","Si","O",[18,19,20,21],"0","The original \u003Cm>grossular\u003C\u002Fm> was named \"cinnamon stone\" (\"Kanelstein\" in German) in 1803 by Abraham Gottlob Werner and renamed grossularite by Werner in 1808. Named for the colour of gooseberries (Ribes grossularium) as the original specimens were this colour.",0,"2025-12-07 18:18:15",{"id":11,"name":28,"entrytype":25,"csystem":29,"ima_formula":15,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":30,"hmax":31,"dmeas":32,"dcalc":32,"strunz10ed1":33,"primary_image_id":34},"Grossular","Isometric",6.5,7,"3.594","9",29814,[],[],[],[],[],27,[42,46,50,54,59,64,69,73,78,83,87,91,96,100,105,110],{"id":43,"year":44,"html":45,"doi":12},16023951,1943,"Hutton, C.O. (1943) Hydrogrossular, a new mineral of the garnet-hydrogarnet series. Royal Society of New Zealand Transactions and Proceedings, 73, 174–180.",{"id":47,"year":48,"html":49,"doi":12},522923,1957,"Mason, Brian (1957) Larnite, scawtite and hydrogrossular from Tokatoka, New Zealand. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  42 (5-6) 379-392 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM42\u002FAM42_379.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":51,"year":52,"html":53,"doi":12},523212,1959,"Frankel, J. J. (1959) Uvarovite garnet and South African jade (hydrogrossular) from the Bushveld complex, Transvaal. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  41 (5-6). 565-591 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM44\u002FAM44_565.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":55,"year":56,"html":57,"doi":58},5789,1964,"Bloxam, T. W. (1964) Hydrogrossular from the Girvan-Ballantrae Complex, Ayrshire. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  33 (264) 814-815 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1964.033.264.12'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1964.033.264.12\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_33\u002F33-264-814.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1964.033.264.12",{"id":60,"year":61,"html":62,"doi":63},6261,1969,"Heflik, W., Żabiński, W. (1969) A chromian hydrogrossular from Jordanów, Lower Silesia, Poland. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine\u003C\u002Fi>,  37 (286) 241-243 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1969.037.286.12'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1969.037.286.12\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_37\u002F37-286-241.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1969.037.286.12",{"id":65,"year":66,"html":67,"doi":68},6378,1970,"McConnell, Duncan (1970) Hydrogrossular: Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> (H\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub> versus Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>[Al(OH)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine\u003C\u002Fi>,  37 (290) 738-739 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1970.037.290.18'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1970.037.290.18\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_37\u002F37-290-738.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1970.037.290.18",{"id":70,"year":71,"html":72,"doi":12},525934,1972,"Nissen. August L. (1972) Fluorescent hydrogrossular from Nordland, Norway. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  57 (9-10) 1535-1539 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM57\u002FAM57_1535.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":74,"year":75,"html":76,"doi":77},81670,1983,"KOBAYASHI, Shoichi, SHOJI, Tetsuya (1983) Infrared analysis of the grossular-hydrogrossular series. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Journal\u003C\u002Fi>,  11 (7) 331-343 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2465\u002Fminerj.11.331'>doi:10.2465\u002Fminerj.11.331\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2465\u002Fminerj.11.331",{"id":79,"year":80,"html":81,"doi":82},81689,1984,"KOBAYASHI, Shoichi, SHOJI, Tetsuya (1984) Infrared analysis of the grossular-hydrogrossular series with a small amount of andradite molecule. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Journal\u003C\u002Fi>,  12 (3) 122-136 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2465\u002Fminerj.12.122'>doi:10.2465\u002Fminerj.12.122\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2465\u002Fminerj.12.122",{"id":84,"year":85,"html":86,"doi":12},18630554,1990,"Weiji, Cheng; Greenwood, Hugh J.; Hongliang, Hu; Frost, David C. (1990) XRD and XPS analyses of the grossular-hydrogrossular series. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  28 (1). 87-91",{"id":88,"year":89,"html":90,"doi":12},529114,1991,"Rossman, George R., Aines, Roger D. (1991) The hydrous components in garnets: Grossular-hydrogrossular. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  76 (7-8) 1153-1164 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM76\u002FAM76_1153.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":92,"year":93,"html":94,"doi":95},909617,1993,"O'Neill, Bridget, Bass, Jay D., Rossman, George R. (1993) Elastic properties of hydrogrossular garnet and implications for water in the upper mantle. \u003Ci>Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth\u003C\u002Fi>,  98. 20031-20037 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002F93jb02005'>doi:10.1029\u002F93jb02005\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1029\u002F93jb02005",{"id":97,"year":98,"html":99,"doi":12},19244570,1998,"Hochleitner, Rupert; Vogt, Michael (1998) Hydrogrossular als Edelstein: \"Transvaal-Jade\" aus Südafrika [Hydrogrossular as a gemstone: \"Transvaal Jade\" from South Africa]. \u003Ci>Lapis\u003C\u002Fi>,  23 (10). 36-38; 90",{"id":101,"year":102,"html":103,"doi":104},397031,2012,"Geiger, C. A., Dachs, E., Benisek, A. (2012) Thermodynamic behavior and properties of katoite (hydrogrossular): A calorimetric study. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  97 (7) 1252-1255 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam.2012.4106'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam.2012.4106\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam.2012.4106",{"id":106,"year":107,"html":108,"doi":109},154017,2015,"Antao, Sytle M. (2015) Crystal chemistry of birefringent hydrogrossular. \u003Ci>Physics and Chemistry of Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  42 (6) 455-474 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00269-015-0736-y'>doi:10.1007\u002Fs00269-015-0736-y\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fs00269-015-0736-y",{"id":111,"year":112,"html":113,"doi":114},4105849,2017,"Adhikari, Puja, Dharmawardhana, Chamila C., Ching, Wai-Yim (2017) Structure and properties of hydrogrossular mineral series. \u003Ci>Journal of the American Ceramic Society\u003C\u002Fi>, 100 (9). 4317-4330 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fjace.14970'>doi:10.1111\u002Fjace.14970\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1111\u002Fjace.14970",[116,126,136,144,152,161,168],{"id":117,"source_url":118,"license_code":119,"credit_html":120,"title":121,"description":122,"author":123,"original_width":124,"original_height":125},11833,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8854832","CC BY 3.0","R.H.C.Langendam, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8854832\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hydrogrossulaar.jpg","A pink \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002Fhydrogrossular\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:hydrogrossular\">hydrogrossular\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002Fcabochon\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:cabochon\">cabochon\u003C\u002Fa> with the rough stone slab from which the shaped piece was severed.","R.H.C.Langendam",2047,1536,{"id":127,"source_url":128,"license_code":129,"credit_html":130,"title":131,"description":132,"author":133,"original_width":134,"original_height":135},5579,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41697937","CC BY 2.0","jsj1771, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41697937\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Interlayered hydrogrossular garnetite and chromitite (Transvaal jade) (Critical Zone, Bushveld Complex, Paleoproterozoic, ~2.05 Ga; Bonjanala Platinum District, South Africa) 3.jpg","Interlayered hydrogrossular garnetite and chromitite (\"Transvaal jade\") from the Precambrian of South Africa. (7.4 cm across at its widest)\n\u003Cp>This attractive rock is nicknamed \"Transvaal jade\", but it is not jade.  \"True\" jade refers to either nephrite or jadeitite metamorphic rocks.  Transvaal jade is a greenish garnetite, a crystalline-textured metamorphic rock composed of hydrogrossular garnet.  The black bands are layers of chromitite, which is a granular, crystalline-textured, intrusive igneous rock composed of the mineral chromite (FeCr2O4 - iron chromium oxide).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>This rock has been metamorphosed.  The precursor, or protolith - the original rock before metamorphic alteration - was anorthosite having bands of chromitite.  Anorthosite is a scarce, coarsely-crystalline, intrusive igneous rock composed exclusively, or almost exclusively, of plagioclase feldspar (NaAlSi3O8 to CaAl2Si2O8 - sodium aluminosilicate to calcium aluminosilicate).  The plagioclase feldspar has been metamorphosed to grossular garnet, while the chromitite bands have retained their original mineralogy.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Stratigraphy: Critical Zone, Western Lobe of the Rustenburg Layered Suite, Bushveld Complex, Paleoproterozoic, ~2.05 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: old diggings on the grounds of a Lonmin platinum mine, apparently at or near Buffelsfontein, Bonjanala Platinum District Municipality, North West Province, South Africa","jsj1771",2631,2656,{"id":137,"source_url":138,"license_code":129,"credit_html":139,"title":140,"description":141,"author":133,"original_width":142,"original_height":143},11835,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41697938","jsj1771, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41697938\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Interlayered hydrogrossular garnetite and chromitite (Transvaal jade) (Critical Zone, Bushveld Complex, Paleoproterozoic, ~2.05 Ga; Bonjanala Platinum District, South Africa) 1.jpg","Interlayered hydrogrossular garnetite and chromitite (\"Transvaal jade\") from the Precambrian of South Africa. (8.5 cm across at its widest)\n\u003Cp>This attractive rock is nicknamed \"Transvaal jade\", but it is not jade.  \"True\" jade refers to either nephrite or jadeitite metamorphic rocks.  Transvaal jade is a greenish garnetite, a crystalline-textured metamorphic rock composed of hydrogrossular garnet.  The black bands are layers of chromitite, which is a granular, crystalline-textured, intrusive igneous rock composed of the mineral chromite (FeCr2O4 - iron chromium oxide).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>This rock has been metamorphosed.  The precursor, or protolith - the original rock before metamorphic alteration - was anorthosite having bands of chromitite.  Anorthosite is a scarce, coarsely-crystalline, intrusive igneous rock composed exclusively, or almost exclusively, of plagioclase feldspar (NaAlSi3O8 to CaAl2Si2O8 - sodium aluminosilicate to calcium aluminosilicate).  The plagioclase feldspar has been metamorphosed to grossular garnet, while the chromitite bands have retained their original mineralogy.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Stratigraphy: Critical Zone, Western Lobe of the Rustenburg Layered Suite, Bushveld Complex, Paleoproterozoic, ~2.05 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: old diggings on the grounds of a Lonmin platinum mine, apparently at or near Buffelsfontein, Bonjanala Platinum District Municipality, North West Province, South Africa",3483,2274,{"id":145,"source_url":146,"license_code":129,"credit_html":147,"title":148,"description":149,"author":133,"original_width":150,"original_height":151},11836,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41697939","jsj1771, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=41697939\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Interlayered hydrogrossular garnetite and chromitite (Transvaal jade) (Critical Zone, Bushveld Complex, Paleoproterozoic, ~2.05 Ga; Bonjanala Platinum District, South Africa) 2.jpg","Interlayered hydrogrossular garnetite and chromitite (\"Transvaal jade\") from the Precambrian of South Africa. (8.6 cm across at its widest)\n\u003Cp>This attractive rock is nicknamed \"Transvaal jade\", but it is not jade.  \"True\" jade refers to either nephrite or jadeitite metamorphic rocks.  Transvaal jade is a greenish garnetite, a crystalline-textured metamorphic rock composed of hydrogrossular garnet.  The black bands are layers of chromitite, which is a granular, crystalline-textured, intrusive igneous rock composed of the mineral chromite (FeCr2O4 - iron chromium oxide).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>This rock has been metamorphosed.  The precursor, or protolith - the original rock before metamorphic alteration - was anorthosite having bands of chromitite.  Anorthosite is a scarce, coarsely-crystalline, intrusive igneous rock composed exclusively, or almost exclusively, of plagioclase feldspar (NaAlSi3O8 to CaAl2Si2O8 - sodium aluminosilicate to calcium aluminosilicate).  The plagioclase feldspar has been metamorphosed to grossular garnet, while the chromitite bands have retained their original mineralogy.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Stratigraphy: Critical Zone, Western Lobe of the Rustenburg Layered Suite, Bushveld Complex, Paleoproterozoic, ~2.05 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: old diggings on the grounds of a Lonmin platinum mine, apparently at or near Buffelsfontein, Bonjanala Platinum District Municipality, North West Province, South Africa",3356,2000,{"id":153,"source_url":154,"license_code":129,"credit_html":155,"title":156,"description":157,"author":158,"original_width":159,"original_height":160},11837,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=97240517","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=97240517\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hydrogrossular garnetite (Transvaal jade) (Transvaal, South Africa) 1.jpg","This rock is nicknamed \"Transvaal jade\", but it is not jade.  \"True\" jade refers to either nephrite or jadeitite metamorphic rocks.  Transvaal jade is a greenish garnetite, a crystalline-textured metamorphic rock composed of hydrogrossular garnet - this sample is cryptocrystalline.  Some specimens have black bands of chromitite.\n\u003Cp>Stratigraphy: unrecorded\u002Fundisclosed (but possibly from the Critical Zone, Western Lobe of the Rustenburg Layered Suite, Bushveld Complex, Paleoproterozoic, ~2.05 Ga)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: unrecorded\u002Fundisclosed site in Transvaal, South Africa (but possibly from old diggings on the grounds of a Lonmin platinum mine, apparently at or near Buffelsfontein, Bonjanala Platinum District Municipality, North West Province, South Africa)","James St. John",2882,2064,{"id":162,"source_url":163,"license_code":129,"credit_html":164,"title":165,"description":157,"author":158,"original_width":166,"original_height":167},11838,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=97240518","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=97240518\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hydrogrossular garnetite (Transvaal jade) (Transvaal, South Africa) 2.jpg",3201,2112,{"id":169,"source_url":170,"license_code":129,"credit_html":171,"title":172,"description":157,"author":158,"original_width":173,"original_height":174},11839,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=97240519","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=97240519\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hydrogrossular garnetite (Transvaal jade) (Transvaal, South Africa) 3.jpg",3281,1774,[],[],[],{"history":12,"applications":12}]