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Johannsen's contribution are noteworthy. He established quantitative definitions of rock analysis and rock classifications as well as redesigning the petrographic microscope. His five volume Petrography of the Igneous Rocks is a classic in petrography.","2026-03-28 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Mine, Campiglia Marittima, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy",43.0741667,10.6175,"Italy",{"id":261,"txt":262,"latitude":263,"longitude":264,"country":265},8541,"Franklin Mine, Franklin, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA",41.1158333,-74.5875,"USA",{"id":267,"txt":268,"latitude":269,"longitude":270,"country":259},55908,"Civillina Mountain, Recoaro Terme, Vicenza Province, Veneto, Italy",45.6993372,11.2763857,94,[273,276,280,284,288,292,297,301,305,309,314,319,324,328,333],{"id":274,"year":28,"html":275,"doi":11},520799,"Schaller, Waldemar T. (1938) Johannsenite, a new manganese pyroxene. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  23 (9) 575-582 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM23\u002FAM23_575.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":277,"year":278,"html":279,"doi":11},522414,1953,"Allen, Victor T.; Fahey, Joseph J. (1953) Rhodonite, johannsenite, and ferroan johannsenite at Vanadium, New Mexico. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  38 (11-12). 883-890 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM38\u002FAM38_883.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":281,"year":282,"html":283,"doi":11},522812,1956,"Hutton, C. Osborne (1956) Manganpyrosmalite, bustamite, and ferroan johannsenite from Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  41 (7-8) 581-591 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM41\u002FAM41_581.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":285,"year":286,"html":287,"doi":11},523949,1963,"Simons, Frank S., Munson, Elaine (1963) Johannsenite from the Aravaipa mining district, Arizona. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  48 (9-10). 1154-1158 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM48\u002FAM48_1154.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":289,"year":290,"html":291,"doi":11},524278,1965,"Frondel, Clifford (1965) Johannsenite and manganoan hortonolite from Franklin, N. J. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  50 (5-6). 780-782 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM50\u002FAM50_780.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":293,"year":294,"html":295,"doi":296},81392,1966,"MORIMOTO, N., KOTO, K., SHINOHARA, T. (1966) ORIENTED TRANSFORMATION OF JOHANNSENITE TO BUSTAMITE. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Journal\u003C\u002Fi>,  5 (1) 44-64 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2465\u002Fminerj1953.5.44'>doi:10.2465\u002Fminerj1953.5.44\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp\u002Farticle\u002Fminerj1953\u002F5\u002F1\u002F5_1_44\u002F_pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2465\u002Fminerj1953.5.44",{"id":298,"year":299,"html":300,"doi":11},524697,1967,"Freed, R. L., Peacor, Donald R. (1967) Refinement of the crystal structure of johannsenite. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  52 (5-6) 709-720 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM52\u002FAM52_709.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":302,"year":303,"html":304,"doi":11},16099411,1969,"Clark, J.R., Appleman, D.E., Papike, J.J. (1969) Crystal-chemical characterization of clinopyroxenes based on eight new structure refinements. MSA Special Paper: 2: 31-50.",{"id":306,"year":307,"html":308,"doi":11},16111587,1978,"Burt, D.M. and London, D. (1978) Manganbabingtonite and ilvaite from a hedenbergite-johannsenite skarn, Aravaipa, Arizona. Geol. Soc. Am., Abs. with Prog., 10\u002F3, 98.",{"id":310,"year":311,"html":312,"doi":313},229544,1982,"Burton, Jacqueline C.; Taylor, Lawrence A. (1982) The fO2-T and fS2-T stability relations of hedenbergite and of hedenbergite-johannsenite solid solutions. \u003Ci>Economic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  77 (4). 764-783 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.77.4.764'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.77.4.764\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.77.4.764",{"id":315,"year":316,"html":317,"doi":318},75549,1984,"Angel, R. J. (1984) The experimental determination of the johannsenite-bustamite equilibrium inversion boundary. \u003Ci>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  85 (3) 272-278 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf00378105'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf00378105\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf00378105",{"id":320,"year":321,"html":322,"doi":323},81708,1985,"SUGAKI, Asahiko, KITAKAZE, Arashi, ISOBE, Kiyoshi (1985) Johannsenite from the Koryu mine, Hokkaido, Japan. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Journal\u003C\u002Fi>,  12 (7) 341-348 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2465\u002Fminerj.12.341'>doi:10.2465\u002Fminerj.12.341\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2465\u002Fminerj.12.341",{"id":325,"year":326,"html":327,"doi":11},16101683,1997,"Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A., Zussman, J. (1997) Rock-Forming Minerals. Volume 2A, Geological Society of London, 764pp., 294-398.",{"id":329,"year":330,"html":331,"doi":332},127914,2000,"Capitani, Gian Carlo, Mellini, Marcello (2000) The johannsenite-hedenbergite complete solid solution: clinopyroxenes from the Campiglia Marittima skarn. \u003Ci>European Journal of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>,  12 (6) 1215-1227 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1127\u002F0935-1221\u002F2000\u002F0012-1215'>doi:10.1127\u002F0935-1221\u002F2000\u002F0012-1215\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1127\u002F0935-1221\u002F2000\u002F0012-1215",{"id":334,"year":335,"html":336,"doi":11},16965135,2001,"(2001) Johannsenite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fjohannsenite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",[338,345,355,364,370,377,384,391,400],{"id":339,"source_url":340,"license_code":341,"credit_html":342,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":343,"original_height":344},29977,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F166447","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F166447\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,690,{"id":346,"source_url":347,"license_code":348,"credit_html":349,"title":350,"description":351,"author":352,"original_width":353,"original_height":354},12661,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164211","CC BY-SA 3.0","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164211\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Johannsenite-233188.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohannsenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Johannsenite\">Johannsenite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: North Mine (North Broken Hill Mine; NBH Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBroken_Hill,_New_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Broken Hill, New South Wales\">Broken Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, Yancowinna County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New South Wales\">New South Wales\u003C\u002Fa>, Australia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-69533.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.5 x 4.5 x 3.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Johannsenite is a rare pyroxene group silicate and this fine, very rich specimen features huge, blocky, highly lustrous, olive-green crystals to 1.2 cm on matrix. This is also a rare and exceptional locality piece from the North Mine at Broken Hill, Australia. Ex. T.M. Phetteplace and Jaime Bird Collections.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",750,660,{"id":356,"source_url":357,"license_code":358,"credit_html":359,"title":360,"description":361,"author":362,"original_width":363,"original_height":363},12659,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956115","Public domain","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956115\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Johannsenite Calcium manganese silicate Onagusa Mine, Katsuyama-cho Township, Okayyama-ken Prefecture, Honshu, Japan 2782.jpg","These mineral images are free to use how you wish.","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com",900,{"id":365,"source_url":366,"license_code":358,"credit_html":367,"title":368,"description":361,"author":362,"original_width":369,"original_height":369},12660,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956116","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956116\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Johannsenite Calcium manganese silicate Onagusa Mine, Katsuyama-cho Township, Okayyama-ken Prefecture, Honshu, Japan 2783.jpg",800,{"id":371,"source_url":372,"license_code":348,"credit_html":373,"title":374,"description":375,"author":352,"original_width":353,"original_height":376},12662,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164340","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164340\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Johannsenite-Sphalerite-235107.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohannsenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Johannsenite\">Johannsenite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSphalerite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sphalerite\">Sphalerite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Iron Cap Mine, Landsman Camp (Landsman group), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAravaipa\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aravaipa\">Aravaipa\u003C\u002Fa>, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArizona\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arizona\">Arizona\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3335.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 8.4 x 4.9 x 4.6 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Johannsenite is a rare pyroxene group silicate and this excellent, combination specimen features a very rich coverage of sprays of black to brown to olive green johannsenite needles on the 3-dimensional matrix. A fine bonus are the two, very well-placed, gem, olive-green sphalerite crystals to 1.1 cm. This piece is from the Iron Cap Mine of Arizona. Ex. J.H. Marshall Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",567,{"id":378,"source_url":379,"license_code":348,"credit_html":380,"title":381,"description":375,"author":352,"original_width":382,"original_height":383},12663,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164341","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164341\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Johannsenite-Sphalerite-235108.jpg",553,600,{"id":385,"source_url":386,"license_code":348,"credit_html":387,"title":388,"description":389,"author":352,"original_width":383,"original_height":390},12664,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172945","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172945\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Sphalerite-Galena-Johannsenite-284763.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSphalerite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sphalerite\">Sphalerite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGalena\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Galena\">Galena\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohannsenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Johannsenite\">Johannsenite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Iron Cap Mine, Landsman Camp (Landsman group), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAravaipa\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aravaipa\">Aravaipa\u003C\u002Fa>, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArizona\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arizona\">Arizona\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3335.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.5 x 6.0 x 4.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Although it does not look like much to the worldwide collector, this is actually a pretty good combination, locality piece for this mine. The johannsenite is the small brownish crystalline material forming the blanket in which are set sharp sphalerites, and matte galena. From the well-known Tucson collection of 40-year collector, Harold Urish.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",541,{"id":392,"source_url":393,"license_code":348,"credit_html":394,"title":395,"description":396,"author":397,"original_width":398,"original_height":399},12665,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866146","Leon Hupperichs, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866146\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Manganbabingtonite-Johannsenite-91811.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FManganbabingtonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Manganbabingtonite\">Manganbabingtonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohannsenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Johannsenite\">Johannsenite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Iron Cap Mine, Landsman Camp (Landsman group), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAravaipa\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aravaipa\">Aravaipa\u003C\u002Fa>, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArizona\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arizona\">Arizona\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3335.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A 3 mm black crystal of Manganbabingtonite (analysed) together with pale green xls of Johannsenite. Specimen and photo Leon Hupperichs.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Leon Hupperichs",724,510,{"id":401,"source_url":402,"license_code":348,"credit_html":403,"title":404,"description":405,"author":397,"original_width":406,"original_height":407},12666,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866872","Leon Hupperichs, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866872\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Axinite-(Mn)-Johannsenite-120501.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAxinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Axinite\">Axinite-(Mn)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJohannsenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Johannsenite\">Johannsenite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Iron Cap Mine, Landsman Camp (Landsman group), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAravaipa\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aravaipa\">Aravaipa\u003C\u002Fa>, Santa Teresa Mts, Aravaipa District, Graham County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArizona\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arizona\">Arizona\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3335.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Greenish Manganaxinite crystals on acicular Johannsenite crystals. Field of view 7 mm. Specimen and photo Leon Hupperichs.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",728,558,[409],{"id":410,"url":411,"label":412,"formula":413,"spacegroup":414,"year":299},6888,"\u002Fcif\u002F6888.cif","Freed 1967","Ca Mn Si2 O6","C 1 2\u002Fc 1",[],[417,421,425,429,432,436,440,443,448,452,456,459,462,466,470],{"lang":418,"names":419},"ca",[420],"johannsenita",{"lang":422,"names":423},"de",[424],"Johannsenit",{"lang":426,"names":427},"es",[428],"Johannsenita",{"lang":430,"names":431},"eu",[428],{"lang":433,"names":434},"fa",[435],"ژوهانسنیت",{"lang":437,"names":438},"fr",[439],"Johannsénite",{"lang":441,"names":442},"it",[7],{"lang":444,"names":445},"ja",[446,447],"ヨハンセナイト","ヨハンセン輝石",{"lang":449,"names":450},"nb",[451],"johannsenitt",{"lang":453,"names":454},"nl",[455],"johannseniet",{"lang":457,"names":458},"nn",[451],{"lang":460,"names":461},"pl",[424],{"lang":463,"names":464},"ru",[465],"Йохансенит",{"lang":467,"names":468},"uk",[469],"Йогансеніт",{"lang":471,"names":472},"zh",[473],"钙锰辉石","Q2253090",{"history":11,"applications":11}]