[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:2332":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":11,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":14,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":21,"key_elements":22,"impurities":11,"cim":23,"ima_status":24,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":27,"strunz10ed1":28,"strunz10ed2":29,"strunz10ed3":18,"strunz10ed4":30,"dana8ed1":31,"dana8ed2":32,"dana8ed3":33,"dana8ed4":34,"csystem":35,"cclass":36,"spacegroup":37,"spacegroupset":38,"a":39,"b":40,"c":41,"alpha":42,"beta":43,"gamma":42,"aerror":44,"berror":44,"cerror":44,"alphaerror":45,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":46,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":11,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":47,"tlform":11,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":42,"vhnmax":42,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":48,"dmeas2":48,"dcalc":49,"dmeaserror":46,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":11,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":50,"streak":51,"colour":52,"commentcolor":11,"colors":53,"streak_colors":57,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":58,"cleavagetype":59,"fracturetype":11,"tenacity":11,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":60,"opticalsign":61,"opticalalpha":62,"opticalalpha2":42,"opticalalphaerror":44,"opticalbeta":63,"opticalbeta2":42,"opticalbetaerror":44,"opticalgamma":64,"opticalgamma2":42,"opticalgammaerror":44,"opticalomega":42,"opticalomega2":42,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":42,"opticalepsilon2":42,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":42,"opticaln2":42,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":65,"optical2vcalc2":42,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":66,"optical2vmeasured2":42,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":67,"rimax":68,"opticaldispersion":69,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":70,"industrial":11,"occurrence":71,"otheroccurrence":11,"type_specimen_store":72,"description_short":11,"aboutname":73,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":74,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":75,"group_members":76,"associates":77,"confused_with":78,"type_localities":87,"occurrence_total":94,"citations":95,"images":187,"structures":197,"synonyms":204,"language_names":207,"wikidata_qid":223,"texts":224},2332,"1:1:2332:6","abadbad4-53f0-46a2-a61c-4861ef4496e2","Larderellite","Ldr",0,"mineral",null,93,false,"(NH\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)B\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","(NH\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)B\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",[17,18,19,20],"N","B","O","H",[17,18,19,20],[18,17],"9.1.14",[25,26],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1854","6","E","05","26","5","4","1","Monoclinic",5,14,"P21\u002Fa","11.64","7.62","9.45","0","96.75",1,11,4,"Microscopic rhomboidal tablets flattened {100}. The acute plane angle of the rhombs is ~ 68°.","1.905","1.887","Translucent","White","White, yellowish due to impurities; colourless in transmitted light",[54,55,56],"white","yellow","colorless",[54],"On {001} (?) and {010} (?).","Perfect","Biaxial","+","1.493","1.509","1.561","56","58",1.493,1.561,"none","Decomposed by hot water.","Boric acid fumaroles in a volcanic region.","Natural History Museum, Paris, France, 100.1384, 100.1386, 100.1388.","Named in 1853 by E. Bechi in honor of François Jacques (Francesco Giacomo) de Larderel (5 August 1790, Vienne, Isère, France - 15 June 1858, Florence, Italy), an engineer and entrepreneur who promoted the industrial exploitation of geothermal vents in Tuscany, producing boric acid.  He became the principal operator of the Tuscan borax works.","2025-08-11 12:14:21",[],[],[],[79],{"id":80,"name":81,"entrytype":9,"csystem":35,"ima_formula":82,"mindat_formula":83,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":84,"dcalc":85,"primary_image_id":86},204,"Ammonioborite","(NH\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>B\u003Csub>15\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>20\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","(NH\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>[B\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","1.765","1.76",32689,[88],{"id":89,"txt":90,"latitude":91,"longitude":92,"country":93},2067,"Larderello, Pomarance, Pisa Province, Tuscany, Italy",43.2333333,10.8666667,"Italy",2,[96,100,104,108,112,116,120,124,128,132,136,141,145,148,152,156,159,163,167,171,176,180,184],{"id":97,"year":98,"html":99,"doi":11},16114660,1806,"Mascagni (1806) Viagg. Tosc.: 3.",{"id":101,"year":102,"html":103,"doi":11},18530121,1832,"Beudant, François-Sulpice (1832) \u003Ci>Traité élémentaire de minéralogie. Deuxiéme Edition [Elementary Treatise on Mineralogy. Second Edition]\u003C\u002Fi> (2nd ed.) Vol. 2 - Tome II [Volume  II]. Chez Verdière. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fbub_gb_XSRCAAAAcAAJ\u002Fbub_gb_XSRCAAAAcAAJ.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":105,"year":106,"html":107,"doi":11},16114662,1844,"Alger-Phillips (1844): 318 (as Borocalcite).",{"id":109,"year":110,"html":111,"doi":11},16114663,1854,"Bechi, E. (1854) Analysis of several native borates: larderellite, (new species). American Journal of Science: 67: 129-130.",{"id":113,"year":114,"html":115,"doi":11},16114664,1863,"Forbes, D. (1863) On the chemical composition of some Chilian minerals. Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: 25: 103-114. (as Hayesine, pg 113)",{"id":117,"year":118,"html":119,"doi":11},1118643,1868,"Dana, James D., Brush, George Jarvis (1868) \u003Ci>A System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (5th ed.). p.882",{"id":121,"year":122,"html":123,"doi":11},16114666,1872,"D'Achiardi, A. (1872) Mineralogia Della Toscana: 1: 258.",{"id":125,"year":126,"html":127,"doi":11},16114667,1874,"Des Cloizeaux, A. (1874) Manuel de minéralogie. 2 volumes and Atlas, Paris. volume 2, 1 Fasc., 208pp.: 2: 9.",{"id":129,"year":130,"html":131,"doi":11},16114668,1900,"D'Achiardi, G. (1900) Rendus Reale accademia nazionale dei Lincei, Rome: 9: 342.",{"id":133,"year":134,"html":135,"doi":11},16114669,1907,"van't Hoff (1907) Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin (Sitzungsberichte der): 652.",{"id":137,"year":138,"html":139,"doi":140},647767,1921,"Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. \u003Ci>Bulletin\u003C\u002Fi> 679. US Geological Survey \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3133\u002Fb679'>doi:10.3133\u002Fb679\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fpubs.usgs.gov\u002Fbul\u002F0679\u002Freport.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3133\u002Fb679",{"id":142,"year":143,"html":144,"doi":11},16114671,1930,"D'Achiardi, G. (1930) Nuovi dati e ricerche sulla larderellite. Periodico di Mineralogia - Roma: 1: 208-213.",{"id":146,"year":143,"html":147,"doi":11},16114672,"Millosevich, F. (1930) Larderellite e paternoite. Periodico di Mineralogia - Roma: 1: 214-215.",{"id":149,"year":150,"html":151,"doi":11},16114673,1932,"D'Achiardi G. (1932) Considerazioni e ricerche sulla larderellite, ammonioborite (?) e bechilite (?) di Larderello (Pisa). Periodico di Mineralogia - Roma: 3: 36-42.",{"id":153,"year":154,"html":155,"doi":11},520145,1933,"Schaller, Waldemar T. (1933) Ammonioborite, a new mineral. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  18 (11) 480-492 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM18\u002FAM18_480.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":157,"year":154,"html":158,"doi":11},16114674,"Hintze, C. (1933) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [4A]: 165.",{"id":160,"year":161,"html":162,"doi":11},1118652,1951,"Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.",{"id":164,"year":165,"html":166,"doi":11},523290,1959,"Clark, J. R., Christ, C. L. (1959) Studies of borate minerals. (VII); X-ray studies of Ammonioborite, larderellite and the Potassium and ammonium pentaborate tetrahydrates. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  44 (11-12) 1150-1158 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM44\u002FAM44_1150.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":168,"year":169,"html":170,"doi":11},523439,1960,"Clark, Joan R. (1960) X-ray crystallography of larderellite, NH4B5O6(OH)4. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  45 (9-10) 1087-1092 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM45\u002FAM45_1087.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":172,"year":173,"html":174,"doi":175},218423,1969,"Merlino, S., Sartori, F. (1969) The crystal structure of larderellite, NH\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>B\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  25 (11) 2264-2270 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0567740869005541'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0567740869005541\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0567740869005541",{"id":177,"year":178,"html":179,"doi":11},15418311,1996,"Grew, Edward S.; Anovitz, Lawrence M. - \u003Ci>Eds.\u003C\u002Fi> (1996) Boron - Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry. \u003Ci>Reviews in Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 33. Mineralogical Society of America p.862",{"id":181,"year":182,"html":183,"doi":11},16114678,2005,"Anderson, Y.E., Bubnova, R.S., Filatov, S.K., Polyakova, I.G., Krzhizhanovskaya, M.G. (2005) Thermal behavior of larderellite, NH4[B5O7(OH)2]·H2O. Zapiski Rossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchetstva: 134(1): 103-113.",{"id":185,"year":182,"html":186,"doi":11},16965500,"(2005) Larderellite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Flarderellite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",[188],{"id":189,"source_url":190,"license_code":191,"credit_html":192,"title":193,"description":194,"author":195,"original_width":196,"original_height":196},2933,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=49750205","CC BY-SA 3.0","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=49750205\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Larderellite-686197.jpg","Locality: Larderello, Pomarance, Pisa Province, Tuscany, Italy\n\u003Cp>Dimensions: 6.1 cm x 3.7 cm x 2.2 cm\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nAn incredibly rare specimen of the borate larderellite from the type locality in Italy, Larderello in Tuscany which dates back to 1854 according to the label (it was described in Dana 5th ed. as bechilite in 1868). Larderellite is only found in two localities in the world, both in Italy, and is nearly impossible to find on the market today. The larderellites are the small white translucent crystals. This is the only piece of this material we've had and it comes with a classic label from Josef Vajdák\u002FPequa Rare Minerals.","Robert M. Lavinsky",432,[198],{"id":199,"url":200,"label":201,"formula":202,"spacegroup":203,"year":173},7446,"\u002Fcif\u002F7446.cif","Merlino 1969","N B5 O10 H4","P 1 21\u002Fc 1",[205,206],"Borate de Chaux","Larderelliet",[208,212,216,220],{"lang":209,"names":210},"ca",[211],"larderel·lita",{"lang":213,"names":214},"de",[215],"Larderellit",{"lang":217,"names":218},"eu",[219],"Larderellita",{"lang":221,"names":222},"it",[7],"Q3827058",{"history":11,"applications":11}]