[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:5805":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":8,"polytypeof":8,"groupid":8,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":14,"mindat_formula_note":8,"ima_formula":8,"elements":15,"sigelements":18,"key_elements":8,"impurities":8,"cim":8,"ima_status":8,"ima_notes":8,"ima_history":8,"approval_year":8,"publication_year":8,"discovery_year":8,"strunz10ed1":8,"strunz10ed2":8,"strunz10ed3":8,"strunz10ed4":8,"dana8ed1":19,"dana8ed2":19,"dana8ed3":19,"dana8ed4":19,"csystem":8,"cclass":8,"spacegroup":8,"spacegroupset":8,"a":8,"b":8,"c":8,"alpha":8,"beta":8,"gamma":8,"aerror":8,"berror":8,"cerror":8,"alphaerror":8,"betaerror":8,"gammaerror":8,"va3":8,"z":8,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":8,"twinning":8,"tranglide":8,"parting":8,"epitaxidescription":8,"morphology":8,"tlform":8,"hmin":8,"hmax":8,"hardtype":8,"vhnmin":19,"vhnmax":19,"vhnerror":8,"vhng":8,"vhns":8,"commenthard":8,"dmeas":19,"dmeas2":19,"dcalc":19,"dmeaserror":8,"dcalcerror":8,"commentdense":8,"lustre":8,"lustretype":8,"commentluster":8,"diapheny":8,"streak":8,"colour":8,"commentcolor":8,"colors":8,"streak_colors":8,"luminescence":8,"uv":8,"cleavage":8,"cleavagetype":8,"fracturetype":8,"tenacity":8,"commentbreak":8,"opticaltype":8,"opticalsign":8,"opticalalpha":8,"opticalalpha2":19,"opticalalphaerror":8,"opticalbeta":8,"opticalbeta2":19,"opticalbetaerror":8,"opticalgamma":8,"opticalgamma2":19,"opticalgammaerror":8,"opticalomega":8,"opticalomega2":19,"opticalomegaerror":8,"opticalepsilon":8,"opticalepsilon2":19,"opticalepsilonerror":8,"opticaln":8,"opticaln2":8,"opticalnerror":8,"optical2vcalc":8,"optical2vcalc2":8,"optical2vcalcerror":8,"optical2vmeasured":8,"optical2vmeasured2":8,"optical2vmeasurederror":8,"rimin":8,"rimax":8,"opticaldispersion":8,"opticalpleochroism":8,"opticalpleochorismdesc":8,"opticalbirefringence":8,"opticalcomments":8,"opticalcolour":8,"opticalinternal":8,"opticaltropic":8,"opticalanisotropism":8,"opticalbireflectance":8,"opticalextinction":8,"opticalr":8,"specdispm":8,"ir":8,"electrical":8,"magnetism":8,"thermalbehaviour":8,"other":8,"industrial":8,"occurrence":8,"otheroccurrence":8,"type_specimen_store":8,"description_short":8,"aboutname":8,"rock_parent":8,"rock_parent2":8,"rock_root":20,"rock_bgs_code":8,"meteoritical_code":8,"updttime":21,"reviewed_at":8,"variety_of":22,"varieties":31,"group_members":32,"associates":33,"confused_with":34,"type_localities":35,"occurrence_total":36,"citations":37,"images":42,"structures":95,"synonyms":96,"language_names":97,"wikidata_qid":8,"texts":98},5805,"1:1:5805:2","88de68b8-579f-4dfd-979a-fee4a026cd7d","Lodestone",null,2,"variety",2538,123,false,"Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",[16,17],"Fe","O",[16,17],"0",0,"2025-08-11 12:14:26",{"id":11,"name":23,"entrytype":20,"csystem":24,"ima_formula":14,"mindat_formula":14,"hmin":25,"hmax":26,"dmeas":27,"dcalc":28,"strunz10ed1":29,"primary_image_id":30},"Magnetite","Isometric",5.5,6.5,"5.175","5.2","4",65576,[],[],[],[],[],21,[38],{"id":39,"year":40,"html":41,"doi":8},1118651,1944,"Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.",[43,53,62,72,79,87],{"id":44,"source_url":45,"license_code":46,"credit_html":47,"title":48,"description":49,"author":50,"original_width":51,"original_height":52},64824,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=5228830","CC BY-SA 2.0","Ryan Somma, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=5228830\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Magnetite Lodestone.jpg","A \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002Flodestone\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:lodestone\">lodestone\u003C\u002Fa>, a natural \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002Fmagnet\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:magnet\">magnet\u003C\u002Fa>, displayed at the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonian_Institution\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:Smithsonian Institution\">Smithsonian Institution\u003C\u002Fa>, attracting paper clips","Ryan Somma",1536,1024,{"id":54,"source_url":55,"license_code":56,"credit_html":57,"title":58,"description":7,"author":59,"original_width":60,"original_height":61},64832,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=24784084","CC BY 3.0","Teravolt (talk), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=24784084\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Lodestone (black).jpg","Teravolt (talk)",3872,2592,{"id":63,"source_url":64,"license_code":65,"credit_html":66,"title":67,"description":68,"author":69,"original_width":70,"original_height":71},64843,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=100096319","CC BY 2.0","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=100096319\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Lodestone (Adirondack Mountains, New York State, USA) 4.jpg","Magnetite is Fe3O4, a moderately common iron oxide mineral and the # 2 iron ore mineral.  It has a metallic luster, dark gray to black color and streak, a hardness of 6 on the Mohs Hardness Scale, has no cleavage, is moderately heavy for its size, and often forms octahedral crystals.  Magnetite is readily identified - a magnet will stick to it, hence the name.\n\u003Cp>Two pieces of magnetite will not stick to each other, nor will they attract objects such as staples or paper clips.  Lodestone is a \"variety\" of magnetite that actually does attract iron-bearing objects - lodestone is referred to as a \"natural magnet\".  However, lodestone is actually not a mineral variety of magnetite - it's a rock having intergrown magnetite with polarity and maghemite (= Fe2.67O4, iron oxide with iron vacancies in the molecular structure); hematite may be present (Fe2O3, also iron oxide).  Titanomagnetite-bearing rocks may also be lodestones.  The degree of magnetization can vary within a sample.  Lodestones have a slightly different color than magnetite samples and they only occur at or near the land surface - usually at elevationally high outcrops.  Lightning strikes are thought to be the magnetization charging mechanism.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Supposedly, being exposed to a strong magnet \u002F magnetic field for a while can make magnetite act like a lodestone - in other words, artificial lodestone.  It's unknown whether this sample has been so modified.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: unrecorded\u002Fundisclosed site, attributed to the Adirondack Mountains, upstate New York State, USA\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of lodestone:\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=5805\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of magnetite:\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=2538\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>See info. at:\nen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLodestone\nand\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fmin-2533.html\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Lodestone-specific info. mostly summarized from:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nWasilewski & Ketetschka (1999) - Lodestones: nature's only permanent magnet - What it is and how it gets charged.  Geophysical Research Letter 26: 2275-2278.","James St. John",2798,1727,{"id":73,"source_url":74,"license_code":65,"credit_html":75,"title":76,"description":68,"author":69,"original_width":77,"original_height":78},64844,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=100096329","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=100096329\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Lodestone (Adirondack Mountains, New York State, USA) 1.jpg",2269,2351,{"id":80,"source_url":81,"license_code":65,"credit_html":82,"title":83,"description":84,"author":69,"original_width":85,"original_height":86},64845,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=102415240","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=102415240\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Lodestone (Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA) 1.jpg","Lodestone from Arkansas, USA. (crack surface; ~3.2 centimeters across at its widest)\n\u003Cp>Magnetite is Fe3O4, a moderately common iron oxide mineral and the # 2 iron ore mineral.  It has a metallic luster, dark gray to black color and streak, a hardness of 6 on the Mohs Hardness Scale, has no cleavage, is moderately heavy for its size, and often forms octahedral crystals.  Magnetite is readily identified - a magnet will stick to it, hence the name.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Two pieces of magnetite will not stick to each other, nor will they attract objects such as staples or paper clips.  Lodestone is a \"variety\" of magnetite that actually does attract iron-bearing objects - lodestone is referred to as a \"natural magnet\".  Published analysis of lodestone samples has shown that this material is actually not a variety of magnetite - it's a rock having intergrown magnetite with polarity and maghemite (= Fe2.67O4, iron oxide with iron vacancies in the molecular structure); hematite may be present (Fe2O3, also iron oxide).  Titanomagnetite-bearing rocks may also be lodestones.  The degree of magnetization can vary within a sample.  Lodestones have a slightly different color than magnetite samples and they only occur at or near the land surface - usually at elevationally high outcrops.  Lightning strikes are thought to be the magnetization charging mechanism.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Supposedly, being exposed to a strong magnet \u002F magnetic field for a while can make magnetite act like a lodestone - in other words, artificial lodestone.  It's unknown whether this sample has been so modified.  The \"hair\" on some of the edges of this sample consists of filings magnetically adhering to the rock.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Geologic unit: unrecorded, possibly from the mid-Cretaceous Magnet Cove Complex\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: unrecorded\u002Fundisclosed site in Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of lodestone:\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=5805\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of magnetite:\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=2538\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>See info. at:\nen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLodestone\nand\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fmin-2533.html\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Lodestone-specific info. mostly summarized from:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nWasilewski & Ketetschka (1999) - Lodestones: nature's only permanent magnet - What it is and how it gets charged.  Geophysical Research Letters 26: 2275-2278.",1631,1515,{"id":88,"source_url":89,"license_code":65,"credit_html":90,"title":91,"description":92,"author":69,"original_width":93,"original_height":94},64846,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=102415242","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=102415242\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Lodestone (Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA) 2.jpg","Lodestone from Arkansas, USA. (weathered surface; ~3.1 centimeters across at its widest)\n\u003Cp>Magnetite is Fe3O4, a moderately common iron oxide mineral and the # 2 iron ore mineral.  It has a metallic luster, dark gray to black color and streak, a hardness of 6 on the Mohs Hardness Scale, has no cleavage, is moderately heavy for its size, and often forms octahedral crystals.  Magnetite is readily identified - a magnet will stick to it, hence the name.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Two pieces of magnetite will not stick to each other, nor will they attract objects such as staples or paper clips.  Lodestone is a \"variety\" of magnetite that actually does attract iron-bearing objects - lodestone is referred to as a \"natural magnet\".  Published analysis of lodestone samples has shown that this material is actually not a variety of magnetite - it's a rock having intergrown magnetite with polarity and maghemite (= Fe2.67O4, iron oxide with iron vacancies in the molecular structure); hematite may be present (Fe2O3, also iron oxide).  Titanomagnetite-bearing rocks may also be lodestones.  The degree of magnetization can vary within a sample.  Lodestones have a slightly different color than magnetite samples and they only occur at or near the land surface - usually at elevationally high outcrops.  Lightning strikes are thought to be the magnetization charging mechanism.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Supposedly, being exposed to a strong magnet \u002F magnetic field for a while can make magnetite act like a lodestone - in other words, artificial lodestone.  It's unknown whether this sample has been so modified.  The \"hair\" on some of the edges of this sample consists of filings magnetically adhering to the rock.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Geologic unit: unrecorded, possibly from the mid-Cretaceous Magnet Cove Complex\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: unrecorded\u002Fundisclosed site in Hot Spring County, Arkansas, USA\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of lodestone:\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=5805\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of magnetite:\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=2538\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>See info. at:\nen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLodestone\nand\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fmin-2533.html\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Lodestone-specific info. mostly summarized from:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nWasilewski & Ketetschka (1999) - Lodestones: nature's only permanent magnet - What it is and how it gets charged.  Geophysical Research Letters 26: 2275-2278.",1872,2018,[],[],[],{"history":8,"applications":8}]