[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:2533":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":16,"ima_formula":15,"elements":17,"sigelements":20,"key_elements":11,"impurities":11,"cim":21,"ima_status":22,"ima_notes":25,"ima_history":27,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":28,"strunz10ed1":29,"strunz10ed2":30,"strunz10ed3":30,"strunz10ed4":31,"dana8ed1":29,"dana8ed2":32,"dana8ed3":33,"dana8ed4":34,"csystem":35,"cclass":36,"spacegroup":37,"spacegroupset":38,"a":39,"b":38,"c":38,"alpha":38,"beta":38,"gamma":38,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":40,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":41,"twinning":11,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":42,"tlform":11,"hmin":43,"hmax":43,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":38,"vhnmax":38,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":38,"dmeas2":38,"dcalc":38,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":44,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":45,"streak":46,"colour":47,"commentcolor":11,"colors":48,"streak_colors":51,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":11,"cleavagetype":11,"fracturetype":11,"tenacity":11,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":11,"opticalsign":11,"opticalalpha":38,"opticalalpha2":38,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":38,"opticalbeta2":38,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":38,"opticalgamma2":38,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":38,"opticalomega2":38,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":38,"opticalepsilon2":38,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":38,"opticaln2":38,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":38,"optical2vcalc2":38,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":38,"optical2vmeasured2":38,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":11,"rimax":11,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":52,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":53,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":54,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":55,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":11,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":56,"aboutname":57,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":58,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":59,"group_members":60,"associates":227,"confused_with":228,"type_localities":229,"occurrence_total":234,"citations":235,"images":400,"structures":447,"synonyms":478,"language_names":483,"wikidata_qid":564,"texts":565},2533,"1:1:2533:7","1e14c314-3fc5-4698-b6b5-42f6bb6fe75b","Maghemite","Mgh",0,"mineral",null,52933,694,false,"(Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>0.67\u003C\u002Fsub>◻\u003Csub>0.33\u003C\u002Fsub>)Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","Formerly given as \u003Cf>Fe^2O^3\u003C\u002Ff>.",[18,19],"Fe","O",[18,19],"7.20.3",[23,24],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED",[26],"REDEFINED","2018: Redefined as (Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>0.67\u003C\u002Fsub>[]\u003Csub>0.33\u003C\u002Fsub>)Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>, which better reflects its relation to the spinel supergroup. (Bosi \u003Cem>et al.\u003C\u002Fem>, 2019).","1927","4","B","15","3","7","1","Isometric",31,217,"0","8.3515",8,"Cubic (P4132 or P4332), typically with a tetragonal supercell (P41 or P43, a = 8.35, c = 24.99 A).).","Commonly as coatings on or replacements of magnetite; massive; rarely as minute octahedral crystals, or acicular overgrowths.",6,"Dull","Opaque","Brown","Brown, brick-red",[49,50],"brown","red",[49],"White to greyish blue","Isotropic","(31.5) 400,\r\n(30.2) 420,\r\n(28.5) 440,\r\n(27.6) 460,\r\n(26.6) 480,\r\n(26.0) 500,\r\n(25.5) 520,\r\n(24.8) 540,\r\n(24.0) 560,\r\n(23.2) 580,\r\n(22.4) 600,\r\n(22.0) 620,\r\n(21.6) 640,\r\n(21.2) 660,\r\n(20.8) 680,\r\n(20.4) 700","Ferrimagnetic","A ferrimagnetic iron oxide (which may therefore be confused with magnetite).\r\n\r\nMaghemite is formed by weathering or low-temperature oxidation of spinels containing ferrous iron, commonly magnetite or titanian magnetite. It is a widespread yellow pigme...","From the first syllables of MAGnetite and HEMatite, in allusion to the magnetism and composition.","2026-02-08 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Complex, South Africa","South Africa",244,[236,240,245,249,252,256,261,266,270,274,279,283,288,293,298,302,306,311,316,321,325,330,335,339,344,349,354,358,363,367,371,376,381,386,391,396],{"id":237,"year":238,"html":239,"doi":11},16116079,1925,"Sosman and Posnjak (1925) Washington Academy of Science, Journal: 15: 329.",{"id":241,"year":242,"html":243,"doi":244},234551,1927,"Wagner, Percy Albert (1927) Changes in the oxidation of iron in magnetite (discussion). \u003Ci>Economic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  22 (8). 845-846 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.22.8.845'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.22.8.845\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.22.8.845",{"id":246,"year":247,"html":248,"doi":11},519886,1931,"Winchell, A. N. (1931) Maghemite or oxymagnite? \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  16 (6). 270 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM16\u002FAM16_270.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":250,"year":247,"html":251,"doi":11},16112107,"Schneiderhöhn, Hans, Ramdohr, Paul (1931) \u003Ci>Lehrbuch der Erzmikroskopie\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 2. Borntraeger.",{"id":253,"year":254,"html":255,"doi":11},1118651,1944,"Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.",{"id":257,"year":258,"html":259,"doi":260},161649,1958,"Takeuchi, Tsunehiko, Nambu, Matsuo (1958) Maghemite from Takanokura Mine, Fukushima Prefecture. \u003Ci>Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Japan\u003C\u002Fi>,  3 (6) 486-491 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2465\u002Fgkk1952.3.486'>doi:10.2465\u002Fgkk1952.3.486\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jstage.jst.go.jp\u002Farticle\u002Fgkk1952\u002F3\u002F6\u002F3_6_486\u002F_pdf\u002F-char\u002Fja\u002F' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2465\u002Fgkk1952.3.486",{"id":262,"year":263,"html":264,"doi":265},4698160,1968,"O'REILLY, W. (1968) Estimation of the Curie Temperatures of Maghemite and Oxidized Titanomagnetites. \u003Ci>Journal of geomagnetism and geoelectricity\u003C\u002Fi>, 20 (4). 381-386 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5636\u002Fjgg.20.381'>doi:10.5636\u002Fjgg.20.381\u003C\u002Fa>","10.5636\u002Fjgg.20.381",{"id":267,"year":263,"html":268,"doi":269},777057,"Porath, H. (1968) Magnetic studies on specimens of intergrown maghemite and hematite. \u003Ci>Journal of Geophysical Research\u003C\u002Fi>,  73 (18) 5959-5965 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002Fjb073i018p05959'>doi:10.1029\u002Fjb073i018p05959\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1029\u002Fjb073i018p05959",{"id":271,"year":272,"html":273,"doi":11},525404,1970,"Faniran, Adetoye (1970) Maghemite in the Sydney duricrusts. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  55 (5-6) 925-933 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM55\u002FAM55_925.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":275,"year":276,"html":277,"doi":278},562269,1974,"Taylor, R. M.; Schwertmann, U. (1974) Maghemite in soils and its origin. I. Properties and observations on soil maghemites. \u003Ci>Clay Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  10 (4). 289-298 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fclaymin.1974.010.4.07'>doi:10.1180\u002Fclaymin.1974.010.4.07\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fclaymin.1974.010.4.07",{"id":280,"year":276,"html":281,"doi":282},562270,"Taylor, R. M.; Schwertmann, U. (1974) Maghemite in soils and its origin. II. Maghemite syntheses at ambient temperature and pH 7. \u003Ci>Clay Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  10 (4). 299-310 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fclaymin.1974.010.4.08'>doi:10.1180\u002Fclaymin.1974.010.4.08\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fclaymin.1974.010.4.08",{"id":284,"year":285,"html":286,"doi":287},74806,1979,"Smith, P. P. K. (1979) The observation of enantiomorphous domains in a natural maghemite. \u003Ci>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  69 (3) 249-254 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf00372327'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf00372327\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf00372327",{"id":289,"year":290,"html":291,"doi":292},762519,1984,"Özdemir, Özden, Banerjee, Subir K. (1984) High temperature stability of maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) \u003Ci>Geophysical Research Letters\u003C\u002Fi>,  11 (3) 161-164 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002Fgl011i003p00161'>doi:10.1029\u002Fgl011i003p00161\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1029\u002Fgl011i003p00161",{"id":294,"year":295,"html":296,"doi":297},146348,1988,"Sidhu, P. S. (1988) Transformation of Trace Element-Substituted Maghemite to Hematite. \u003Ci>Clays and Clay Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  36 (1) 31-38 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1346\u002Fccmn.1988.0360105'>doi:10.1346\u002Fccmn.1988.0360105\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1346\u002Fccmn.1988.0360105",{"id":299,"year":295,"html":300,"doi":301},831867,"Özdemir, Özden, Dunlop, David J. (1988) Crystallization remanent magnetization during the transformation of maghemite to hematite. \u003Ci>Journal of Geophysical Research\u003C\u002Fi>,  93. 6530 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1029\u002Fjb093ib06p06530'>doi:10.1029\u002Fjb093ib06p06530\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1029\u002Fjb093ib06p06530",{"id":303,"year":295,"html":304,"doi":305},13252917,"Schulz, Douglas L.; McCarthy, Gregory J. (1988) X-Ray Powder Data for an Industrial Maghemite (\u003Ci>γ\u003C\u002Fi>-Fe\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>). \u003Ci>Powder Diffraction\u003C\u002Fi>,  3 (2). 104-105 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1017\u002Fs088571560001335x'>doi:10.1017\u002Fs088571560001335x\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1017\u002Fs088571560001335x",{"id":307,"year":308,"html":309,"doi":310},3076613,1990,"Yamada, Koji; Tobashi, Shuji; Ichiba, Sumio (1990) Topotactic Oxidation Process from Magnetite to Maghemite Studied by Rietveld Analysis and 119Sn Mössbauer Spectroscopy. \u003Ci>Chemistry Letters\u003C\u002Fi>,  19 (8). 1327-1330 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1246\u002Fcl.1990.1327'>doi:10.1246\u002Fcl.1990.1327\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1246\u002Fcl.1990.1327",{"id":312,"year":313,"html":314,"doi":315},147007,1994,"Da Costa, G. M. (1994) The Center Shift in Mössbauer Spectra of Maghemite and Aluminum Maghemites. \u003Ci>Clays and Clay Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  42 (5) 628-633 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1346\u002Fccmn.1994.0420515'>doi:10.1346\u002Fccmn.1994.0420515\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1346\u002Fccmn.1994.0420515",{"id":317,"year":318,"html":319,"doi":320},147101,1995,"da Costa, G. M. (1995) Variable-Temperature Mössbauer Spectroscopy of Nano-Sized Maghemite and Al-Substituted Maghemites. \u003Ci>Clays and Clay Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  43 (5) 562-568 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1346\u002Fccmn.1995.0430506'>doi:10.1346\u002Fccmn.1995.0430506\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1346\u002Fccmn.1995.0430506",{"id":322,"year":318,"html":323,"doi":324},147114,"da Costa, G. M.; de Grave, E.; De Bakker, P. M. A.; Vandenberghe, R. E. (1995) Influence of Nonstoichiometry and the Presence of Maghemite on the Mössbauer Spectrum of Magnetite. \u003Ci>Clays and Clay Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  43 (6). 656-668 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1346\u002Fccmn.1995.0430602'>doi:10.1346\u002Fccmn.1995.0430602\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1346\u002Fccmn.1995.0430602",{"id":326,"year":327,"html":328,"doi":329},2418193,1997,"de Faria, D. L. A., Venâncio Silva, S., de Oliveira, M. T. (1997) Raman microspectroscopy of some iron oxides and oxyhydroxides. \u003Ci>Journal of Raman Spectroscopy\u003C\u002Fi>, 28 (11). 873-878 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002F(sici)1097-4555(199711)28:11\u003C873::aid-jrs177>3.0.co;2-b'>doi:10.1002\u002F(sici)1097-4555(199711)28:11\u003C873::aid-jrs177>3.0.co;2-b\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1002\u002F(sici)1097-4555(199711)28:11\u003C873::aid-jrs177>3.0.co;2-b",{"id":331,"year":332,"html":333,"doi":334},12150262,2004,"Woo, Kyoungja, Lee, Ho Jin (2004) Synthesis and magnetism of hematite and maghemite nanoparticles. \u003Ci>Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials\u003C\u002Fi>, 272.  \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2003.12.201'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2003.12.201\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2003.12.201",{"id":336,"year":337,"html":338,"doi":11},16965710,2005,"(2005) Maghemite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fmaghemite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":340,"year":341,"html":342,"doi":343},885622,2009,"Hanesch, Monika (2009) Raman spectroscopy of iron oxides and (oxy)hydroxides at low laser power and possible applications in environmental magnetic studies. \u003Ci>Geophysical Journal International\u003C\u002Fi>,  177 (3) 941-948 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1365-246x.2009.04122.x'>doi:10.1111\u002Fj.1365-246x.2009.04122.x\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1111\u002Fj.1365-246x.2009.04122.x",{"id":345,"year":346,"html":347,"doi":348},12415527,2010,"Darezereshki, Esmaeel (2010) Synthesis of maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles by wet chemical method at room temperature. \u003Ci>Materials Letters\u003C\u002Fi>, 64. 1471-1472 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.matlet.2010.03.064'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.matlet.2010.03.064\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.matlet.2010.03.064",{"id":350,"year":351,"html":352,"doi":353},6207809,2012,"Zakharova, I. N., Shipilin, M. A., Alekseev, V. P., Shipilin, A. M. (2012) Mössbauer study of maghemite nanoparticles. \u003Ci>Technical Physics Letters\u003C\u002Fi>, 38. 55-58 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1134\u002Fs1063785012010294'>doi:10.1134\u002Fs1063785012010294\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1134\u002Fs1063785012010294",{"id":355,"year":351,"html":356,"doi":357},12160034,"Spiers, K.M., Cashion, J.D. (2012) Crystallographically-based analysis of the NMR spectra of maghemite. \u003Ci>Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials\u003C\u002Fi>, 324. 862-868 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2011.10.003'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2011.10.003\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2011.10.003",{"id":359,"year":360,"html":361,"doi":362},8087207,2013,"Lin, Yi-Feng; Chen, Jia-Ling (2013) Synthesis of mesoporous maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanostructures with enhanced arsenic removal efficiency. \u003Ci>RSC Advances\u003C\u002Fi>,  3 (35). 15344 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1039\u002Fc3ra41596a'>doi:10.1039\u002Fc3ra41596a\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1039\u002Fc3ra41596a",{"id":364,"year":360,"html":365,"doi":366},11901808,"Chen, Y.H. (2013) Thermal properties of nanocrystalline goethite, magnetite, and maghemite. \u003Ci>Journal of Alloys and Compounds\u003C\u002Fi>, 553. 194-198 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jallcom.2012.11.102'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.jallcom.2012.11.102\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.jallcom.2012.11.102",{"id":368,"year":360,"html":369,"doi":370},9625128,"Ferroudj, Nassira, Nzimoto, Jimmy, Davidson, Anne, Talbot, Delphine, Briot, Emmanuel, Dupuis, Vincent, Bée, Agnès, Medjram, Mohamed Salah, Abramson, Sébastien (2013) Maghemite nanoparticles and maghemite\u002Fsilica nanocomposite microspheres as magnetic Fenton catalysts for the removal of water pollutants. \u003Ci>Applied Catalysis B: Environmental\u003C\u002Fi>, 136. 9-18 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.apcatb.2013.01.046'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.apcatb.2013.01.046\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.apcatb.2013.01.046",{"id":372,"year":373,"html":374,"doi":375},12164613,2017,"Shokrollahi, H. (2017) A review of the magnetic properties, synthesis methods and applications of maghemite. \u003Ci>Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials\u003C\u002Fi>, 426. 74-81 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2016.11.033'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2016.11.033\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.jmmm.2016.11.033",{"id":377,"year":378,"html":379,"doi":380},5839115,2018,"Ma, Ji, Chen, Kezheng (2018) Origin of unusual thermomagnetic behaviors in maghemite. \u003Ci>Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids\u003C\u002Fi>, 112. 88-93 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.jpcs.2017.09.006'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.jpcs.2017.09.006\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.jpcs.2017.09.006",{"id":382,"year":383,"html":384,"doi":385},129793,2019,"Bosi, Ferdinando, Biagioni, Cristian, Pasero, Marco (2019) Nomenclature and classification of the spinel supergroup. \u003Ci>European Journal of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>,  31 (1) 183-192 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1127\u002Fejm\u002F2019\u002F0031-2788'>doi:10.1127\u002Fejm\u002F2019\u002F0031-2788\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Frruff_1.0\u002Fuploads\u002FEJM31_183.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1127\u002Fejm\u002F2019\u002F0031-2788",{"id":387,"year":388,"html":389,"doi":390},2735614,2020,"Schwaminger, Sebastian P.; Syhr, Christopher; Berensmeier, Sonja (2020) Controlled Synthesis of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Magnetite or Maghemite? \u003Ci>Crystals\u003C\u002Fi>,  10 (3). 214 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fcryst10030214'>doi:10.3390\u002Fcryst10030214\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2073-4352\u002F10\u002F3\u002F214\u002Fpdf?version=1584621786' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fcryst10030214",{"id":392,"year":393,"html":394,"doi":395},13235163,2021,"Jung, Hankyeol, Schimpf, Alina M. (2021) Photochemical reduction of nanocrystalline maghemite to magnetite. \u003Ci>Nanoscale\u003C\u002Fi>, 13 (41) 17465-17472 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1039\u002Fd1nr02973h'>doi:10.1039\u002Fd1nr02973h\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1039\u002Fd1nr02973h",{"id":397,"year":393,"html":398,"doi":399},13422315,"Hiraga, Renata, Gomes, Otávio, Neumann, Reiner (2021) Maghemite in Brazilian Iron Ores: Quantification of the Magnetite-Maghemite Isomorphic Series by Χ-ray Diffraction and the Rietveld Method, and Confirmation by Independent Methods. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>, 11 (4) 346 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin11040346'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin11040346\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2075-163X\u002F11\u002F4\u002F346\u002Fpdf?version=1617937194' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin11040346",[401,411,420,430,437],{"id":402,"source_url":403,"license_code":404,"credit_html":405,"title":406,"description":407,"author":408,"original_width":409,"original_height":410},14994,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=19951658","CC BY-SA 3.0","Rodrigosiev, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=19951658\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Maghemita.jpg","Mineral \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMaghemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Maghemite\">Maghemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Gancedo, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChaco_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chaco Province\">Chaco Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Argentina\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Rodrigosiev",2416,2568,{"id":412,"source_url":413,"license_code":404,"credit_html":414,"title":415,"description":416,"author":417,"original_width":418,"original_height":419},14995,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20801015","Ra'ike, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20801015\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Maghemite - Mineralogisches Museum Bonn.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMaghemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Maghemite\">Maghemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Gara Djebilet, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlgeria\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Algeria\">Algeria\u003C\u002Fa>, North Africa\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Exposed in the Mineralogical Museum of University Bonn, Germany\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Ra'ike",3487,1939,{"id":421,"source_url":422,"license_code":423,"credit_html":424,"title":425,"description":426,"author":427,"original_width":428,"original_height":429},14999,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=161672947","CC BY 4.0","Henk Smeets – tomeikminerals.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=161672947\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Maghemite-4019 (Henk Smeets, tomeikminerals).webp","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMaghemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Maghemite\">Maghemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Field of view: 1 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Cava de Montenero, Onano, Lazio, Italy\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Henk Smeets – tomeikminerals.com",1920,1280,{"id":431,"source_url":432,"license_code":423,"credit_html":433,"title":434,"description":435,"author":427,"original_width":428,"original_height":436},15000,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=161674850","Henk Smeets – tomeikminerals.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=161674850\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Maghemite-20602 (Henk Smeets, tomeikminerals).webp","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMaghemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Maghemite\">Maghemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAegirine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aegirine\">Aegirine\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Field of view: 2 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Azores Islands, Portugal\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",1279,{"id":438,"source_url":439,"license_code":440,"credit_html":441,"title":442,"description":443,"author":444,"original_width":445,"original_height":446},15001,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163482784","CC0 1.0","Darla Sondrol, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163482784\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Maghemite (GeoDIL number - 1294).jpg","Maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3) formerly called gamma-hematite, martite or oxymagnetite, has the crystalline structure of magnetite, but the composition of hematite. On Earth, it is usually found only around the edges of regions of hydrothermal or magnetic activity, where the temperature ranges from 300 to 400°C.","Darla Sondrol",2122,1699,[448,455,462,467,473],{"id":449,"url":450,"label":451,"formula":452,"spacegroup":453,"year":454},7958,"\u002Fcif\u002F7958.cif","Solano 2014","Fe2.645 O3.99","P 43 3 2",2014,{"id":456,"url":457,"label":458,"formula":459,"spacegroup":460,"year":461},7959,"\u002Fcif\u002F7959.cif","Jorgensen 2007","Fe2.667 O4","F d -3 m",2007,{"id":463,"url":464,"label":465,"formula":452,"spacegroup":453,"year":466},7960,"\u002Fcif\u002F7960.cif","Shin 1998 · Fe2.645 O3.99",1998,{"id":468,"url":469,"label":470,"formula":471,"spacegroup":472,"year":466},7961,"\u002Fcif\u002F7961.cif","Shin 1998 · Fe1.966 O2.962","Fe1.966 O2.962","P 43 21 2",{"id":474,"url":475,"label":476,"formula":459,"spacegroup":477,"year":318},7962,"\u002Fcif\u002F7962.cif","Pecharroman 1995","F d 3 m",[479,480,481,482],"Ferromagnetic ferric oxide","Oxymagnite","Sosmanite","γ-Fe2O3",[484,488,492,496,500,506,510,513,517,521,525,528,531,535,539,542,546,549,553,557,560],{"lang":485,"names":486},"af",[487],"Maghemiet",{"lang":489,"names":490},"ar",[491],"مغهيميت",{"lang":493,"names":494},"az",[495],"Maqgemit",{"lang":497,"names":498},"ca",[499],"maghemita",{"lang":501,"names":502},"de",[503,504,505],"IMA 17-H","Maghämit","Maghemit",{"lang":507,"names":508},"es",[509],"Maghemita",{"lang":511,"names":512},"eu",[509],{"lang":514,"names":515},"fa",[516],"مگمیت",{"lang":518,"names":519},"fr",[520],"Maghémite",{"lang":522,"names":523},"he",[524],"מגהמיט",{"lang":526,"names":527},"hr",[505],{"lang":529,"names":530},"it",[7],{"lang":532,"names":533},"mk",[534],"Магемит",{"lang":536,"names":537},"nb",[538],"maghemitt",{"lang":540,"names":541},"nn",[538],{"lang":543,"names":544},"ru",[545],"Маггемит",{"lang":547,"names":548},"sl",[505],{"lang":550,"names":551},"uk",[552],"Маґгеміт",{"lang":554,"names":555},"zh",[556],"磁赤铁矿",{"lang":558,"names":559},"zh-hans",[556],{"lang":561,"names":562},"zh-hant",[563],"磁赤鐵礦","Q420924",{"history":11,"applications":11}]