[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:7443":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":8,"polytypeof":8,"groupid":8,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":14,"mindat_formula_note":8,"ima_formula":8,"elements":15,"sigelements":20,"key_elements":8,"impurities":8,"cim":8,"ima_status":8,"ima_notes":8,"ima_history":8,"approval_year":8,"publication_year":8,"discovery_year":8,"strunz10ed1":21,"strunz10ed2":21,"strunz10ed3":21,"strunz10ed4":8,"dana8ed1":21,"dana8ed2":21,"dana8ed3":21,"dana8ed4":21,"csystem":8,"cclass":8,"spacegroup":8,"spacegroupset":21,"a":8,"b":8,"c":8,"alpha":8,"beta":8,"gamma":8,"aerror":8,"berror":8,"cerror":8,"alphaerror":8,"betaerror":8,"gammaerror":8,"va3":8,"z":8,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":8,"twinning":8,"tranglide":8,"parting":8,"epitaxidescription":8,"morphology":8,"tlform":8,"hmin":8,"hmax":8,"hardtype":8,"vhnmin":21,"vhnmax":21,"vhnerror":8,"vhng":8,"vhns":8,"commenthard":8,"dmeas":21,"dmeas2":21,"dcalc":21,"dmeaserror":8,"dcalcerror":8,"commentdense":8,"lustre":8,"lustretype":8,"commentluster":8,"diapheny":8,"streak":8,"colour":22,"commentcolor":8,"colors":23,"streak_colors":8,"luminescence":8,"uv":8,"cleavage":8,"cleavagetype":8,"fracturetype":8,"tenacity":8,"commentbreak":8,"opticaltype":8,"opticalsign":8,"opticalalpha":8,"opticalalpha2":21,"opticalalphaerror":8,"opticalbeta":8,"opticalbeta2":21,"opticalbetaerror":8,"opticalgamma":8,"opticalgamma2":21,"opticalgammaerror":8,"opticalomega":8,"opticalomega2":21,"opticalomegaerror":8,"opticalepsilon":8,"opticalepsilon2":21,"opticalepsilonerror":8,"opticaln":8,"opticaln2":8,"opticalnerror":8,"optical2vcalc":8,"optical2vcalc2":8,"optical2vcalcerror":8,"optical2vmeasured":8,"optical2vmeasured2":8,"optical2vmeasurederror":8,"rimin":8,"rimax":8,"opticaldispersion":8,"opticalpleochroism":8,"opticalpleochorismdesc":8,"opticalbirefringence":8,"opticalcomments":8,"opticalcolour":8,"opticalinternal":8,"opticaltropic":8,"opticalanisotropism":8,"opticalbireflectance":8,"opticalextinction":8,"opticalr":8,"specdispm":8,"ir":8,"electrical":8,"magnetism":8,"thermalbehaviour":8,"other":8,"industrial":8,"occurrence":8,"otheroccurrence":8,"type_specimen_store":8,"description_short":8,"aboutname":25,"rock_parent":8,"rock_parent2":8,"rock_root":26,"rock_bgs_code":8,"meteoritical_code":8,"updttime":27,"reviewed_at":8,"variety_of":28,"varieties":37,"group_members":38,"associates":39,"confused_with":40,"type_localities":41,"occurrence_total":42,"citations":43,"images":81,"structures":225,"synonyms":253,"language_names":257,"wikidata_qid":8,"texts":258},7443,"1:1:7443:4","b236a825-f1e4-4de2-a5e6-d5832789fad4","Melanite",null,2,"variety",223,4453,false,"Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",[16,17,18,19],"Ca","Fe","Si","O",[16,17,18,19],"0","Black",[24],"black","Named in 1799 by Abraham Gottlob Werner from the Greek μελανός (\"melanos\") for \"black\".",0,"2025-12-15 10:05:43",{"id":11,"name":29,"entrytype":26,"csystem":30,"ima_formula":14,"mindat_formula":14,"hmin":31,"hmax":32,"dmeas":33,"dcalc":34,"strunz10ed1":35,"primary_image_id":36},"Andradite","Isometric",6.5,7,"3.8","3.859","9",1388,[],[],[],[],[],209,[44,48,53,58,62,66,71,76],{"id":45,"year":46,"html":47,"doi":8},16131459,1799,"Werner, Abraham Gottlob (1799) in L. A. Emmerling, Lehrbuch für Mineralogie, second edition, volume 1, p. 172.",{"id":49,"year":50,"html":51,"doi":52},102098,1894,"Piners, Μ. (1894) Ueber Topazolith und Melanit. \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Krystallographie\u003C\u002Fi>,  22 (1-6). 479-496 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1894.22.1.479'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1894.22.1.479\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1894.22.1.479",{"id":54,"year":55,"html":56,"doi":57},6156,1968,"Howie, R. A., Woolley, A. R. (1968) The role of titanium and the effect of TiO2 on the cell-size, refractive index, and specific gravity in the andradite-melanite-schorlomite series. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  36 (282) 775-790 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1968.036.282.04'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1968.036.282.04\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_36\u002F36-282-775.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1968.036.282.04",{"id":59,"year":60,"html":61,"doi":8},526889,1977,"Huggins, Frank E., Virgo, David, Huckenholz, H. Gerhard (1977) Titanium-containing silicate garnets. II. The crystal chemistry of melanites and schorlomites. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  62 (7-8) 646-665 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM62\u002FAM62_646.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":63,"year":64,"html":65,"doi":8},527377,1980,"Schwartz, Kenneth B., Nolet, Daniel A., Burns, Roger G. (1980) Mössbauer spectroscopy and crystal chemistry of natural Fe-Ti garnets. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  65 (1-2) 142-153 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM65\u002FAM65_142.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":67,"year":68,"html":69,"doi":70},151830,1989,"Kühberger, A., Fehr, T., Huckenholz, H. G., Amthauer, G. (1989) Crystal chemistry of a natural schorlomite and Ti-andradites synthesized at different oxygen fugacities. \u003Ci>Physics and Chemistry of Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  16 (8) 734-740 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf00209694'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf00209694\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf00209694",{"id":72,"year":73,"html":74,"doi":75},4570131,2001,"Agrosí, Giovanna, Scandale, Eugenio, Digennaro, Maria Arcangela (2001) Growth defects of a melanite crystal. \u003Ci>Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen\u003C\u002Fi>, 176 (1). 89-107 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1127\u002Fnjma\u002F176\u002F2001\u002F89'>doi:10.1127\u002Fnjma\u002F176\u002F2001\u002F89\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1127\u002Fnjma\u002F176\u002F2001\u002F89",{"id":77,"year":78,"html":79,"doi":80},128137,2002,"Agrosì, Giovanna, Schingaro, Emanuela, Pedrazzi, Giuseppe, Scandale, Eugenio, Scordari, Fernando (2002) A crystal chemical insight into sector zoning of a titanian andradite ('melanite') crystal. \u003Ci>European Journal of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>,  14 (4). 785-794 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1127\u002F0935-1221\u002F2002\u002F0014-0785'>doi:10.1127\u002F0935-1221\u002F2002\u002F0014-0785\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1127\u002F0935-1221\u002F2002\u002F0014-0785",[82,92,100,110,119,128,135,142,149,156,165,172,178,187,197,203,208,217],{"id":83,"source_url":84,"license_code":85,"credit_html":86,"title":87,"description":88,"author":89,"original_width":90,"original_height":91},66766,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=790996","CC BY-SA 3.0","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=790996\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Granat melanit Kazachstan.jpg","granat, pochodzenie Kazachstan, autor zdjęcia Piotr Menducki","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims).",650,487,{"id":93,"source_url":94,"license_code":85,"credit_html":95,"title":96,"description":97,"author":89,"original_width":98,"original_height":99},66767,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1064782","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1064782\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Granat melanit, Kazachstan.jpg","minerał; granat, melanit; pochodzenie Kazachstan; autor zdjęcia Piotr Menducki 10.08.2006",400,300,{"id":101,"source_url":102,"license_code":103,"credit_html":104,"title":105,"description":106,"author":107,"original_width":108,"original_height":109},66768,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10113450","CC BY 3.0","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10113450\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Melanite.JPG","Melanite \"titanian andradite\" - Ojos Espanoles Mine, General Lázaro Cárdenas (Lázaro Cárdenas; Colonia Lázaro Cárdenas), Mun. de Julimes, Chihuahua, Mexico - 12.5x7cm","Didier Descouens",4000,2696,{"id":111,"source_url":112,"license_code":113,"credit_html":114,"title":115,"description":116,"author":107,"original_width":117,"original_height":118},66769,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10115934","CC BY-SA 4.0","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10115934\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Mélanite-Mali.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMelanite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Melanite\">Melanite\u003C\u002Fa> : single crystal\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDiakon\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Diakon\">Diakon\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKayes_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kayes Region\">Kayes Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Mali\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>size 7 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",3660,3056,{"id":120,"source_url":121,"license_code":85,"credit_html":122,"title":123,"description":124,"author":125,"original_width":126,"original_height":127},66770,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137127","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137127\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Andradite-67887.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Andradite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Melanite\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Chile (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-638.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a WONDERFUL garnet cluster, and from Chile, which is quite uncommon and hard to find! These garnets are BIG, show extremely sharp and fine faces, and have super luster. There are a couple of shallow contacts on the one at the bottom of the cluster, but overall this piece is in fine shape. Large crystal is 2.3 cm. 4.2 x 3.6 x 3.5 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",600,593,{"id":129,"source_url":130,"license_code":85,"credit_html":131,"title":132,"description":133,"author":125,"original_width":126,"original_height":134},66771,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137702","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137702\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Andradite-71148.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Andradite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Melanite\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKayes_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kayes Region\">Kayes Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Mali (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-5859.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.5 x 5.5 x 4.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>You are probably familiar with the yellow garnets that have been coming from Mali. Here is an extremely large melanite garnet, impressive in not just for its size, but also for its form and luster. It is a compound crystal, and you can see the sub-crystals extending architecturally around the sides. The crystal has fine symmetry. Ex. Bill Larson collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",520,{"id":136,"source_url":137,"license_code":85,"credit_html":138,"title":139,"description":140,"author":125,"original_width":126,"original_height":141},66772,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10139188","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10139188\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Andradite-118350.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Andradite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Melanite\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Dallas Gem Mine (Benitoite Mine; Benitoite Gem Mine; Gem Mine), Dallas Gem Mine area, San Benito River headwaters area, New Idria District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDiablo_Range\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Diablo Range\">Diablo Range\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSan_Benito_County,_California\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:San Benito County, California\">San Benito County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalifornia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:California\">California\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3531.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 10.0 x 7.7 x 3.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>When you hear San Benito County, you think of two things: benitoite and neptunite. But once in awhile, the locality produced these fine garnets - with a super-shiny, almost metallic looking luster and razor sharpness. These measure to 0.8 cm, and are attractively isolated on the matrix. Ex. Elling Collection - an uncommon locality piece!\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",529,{"id":143,"source_url":144,"license_code":85,"credit_html":145,"title":146,"description":147,"author":125,"original_width":126,"original_height":148},66773,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10140123","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10140123\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Andradite-120511.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Andradite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Melanite\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Ojos Espanoles Mine, General Lázaro Cárdenas (Lázaro Cárdenas; Colonia Lázaro Cárdenas), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJulimes_(municipality)\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Julimes (municipality)\">Municipio de Julimes\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChihuahua\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chihuahua\">Chihuahua\u003C\u002Fa>, Mexico (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-17170.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.9 x 4.3 x 3.9 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A cluster of lustrous and large andradite garnets (this variety is sometimes called \"melanite\") from Mexico. The garnets measure up to 2.2 cm across. There is contact on the back and sides but the specimen presents an impressive display face.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",592,{"id":150,"source_url":151,"license_code":85,"credit_html":152,"title":153,"description":154,"author":125,"original_width":155,"original_height":126},66774,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10163816","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10163816\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Andradite-230517.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Andradite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAndradite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Andradite\">Melanite\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDiakon\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Diakon\">Diakon\u003C\u002Fa>, Nioro du Sahel Circle, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKayes_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kayes Region\">Kayes Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Mali (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-29601.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.5 x 2.3 x 1.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An elegant stacked cluster of highly lustrous, super sharp, black melanite garnets from the mid-1990s finds in Mali. The crowning crystal is 1.8 cm and is pristine, complete-all-around, though it has some attached feldspar. The small, tan feldspar crystals are a nice, contrasting accent. Melanite is the black, titanium-rich variety of andradite garnet. Ex. Bill Larson Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",455,{"id":157,"source_url":158,"license_code":103,"credit_html":159,"title":160,"description":161,"author":162,"original_width":163,"original_height":164},66775,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=12981094","Parent Géry, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=12981094\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Grenat andradite 4 (Mali).jpg","cristaux de grenat var. andradite - mélanite - sur gangue","Parent Géry",2848,3480,{"id":166,"source_url":167,"license_code":103,"credit_html":168,"title":169,"description":161,"author":162,"original_width":170,"original_height":171},66776,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=12981441","Parent Géry, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=12981441\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Grenat andradite 5 (Mali).jpg",3648,2741,{"id":173,"source_url":174,"license_code":85,"credit_html":175,"title":176,"description":161,"author":162,"original_width":177,"original_height":163},66777,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=12981686","Parent Géry, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=12981686\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Grenat andradite 6 (Mali).jpg",3774,{"id":179,"source_url":180,"license_code":113,"credit_html":181,"title":182,"description":183,"author":184,"original_width":185,"original_height":186},66778,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=70422100","Lech Darski, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=70422100\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Granat, andradyt, melanit - Kayes. Mali.jpg","Granat, andradyt, melanit - Kayes. Mali.","Lech Darski",2048,1365,{"id":188,"source_url":189,"license_code":190,"credit_html":191,"title":192,"description":193,"author":194,"original_width":195,"original_height":196},66782,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113749701","CC BY 2.0","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113749701\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Melanite garnets (Zacatecas, Mexico) 2.jpg","Polycrystalline melanite garnet mass from Mexico.\n\u003Cp>A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are about 5400 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The silicates are the most abundant and chemically complex group of minerals.  All silicates have silica as the basis for their chemistry.  \"Silica\" refers to SiO2 chemistry.  The fundamental molecular unit of silica is one small silicon atom surrounded by four large oxygen atoms in the shape of a triangular pyramid - this is the silica tetrahedron - SiO4.  Each oxygen atom is shared by two silicon atoms, so only half of the four oxygens \"belong\" to each silicon.  The resulting formula for silica is thus SiO2, not SiO4.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Garnet is a group of silicate minerals.  Garnets are expected to be red to dark red in color - many of them are, but several garnet varieties can be other colors, including purple, orange, olive green, deep green, and black.  Garnets form 12-sided crystals (dodecahedrons) or crystals with even more faces on them.  The crystals become more and more rounded as the crystal face number increases.  Garnet has a nonmetallic, glassy luster, whitish streak, is quite hard (H = 7), has no cleavage, and has conchoidal fracture.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Common examples of garnet include almandine, grossular, spessartine, and andradite.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Andradite is the most common variety of calcium garnet.  Andradite is a calcium-iron garnet (Ca3Fe2Si3O12 - calcium iron silicate).  It varies in color from yellowish to greenish to brownish to blackish.  Green, chromium-bearing andradite is called demantoid.  Black andradite is called melanite (e.g., sample shown above).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: unrecorded\u002Fundisclosed site in Zacatecas State, central Mexico\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of melanite garnet:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=7443","James St. John",2859,2172,{"id":198,"source_url":199,"license_code":113,"credit_html":200,"title":29,"description":8,"author":8,"original_width":201,"original_height":202},88727,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F65580","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F65580\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,588,{"id":204,"source_url":205,"license_code":113,"credit_html":206,"title":29,"description":8,"author":8,"original_width":201,"original_height":207},88728,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F65552","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F65552\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",823,{"id":209,"source_url":210,"license_code":211,"credit_html":212,"title":213,"description":214,"author":215,"original_width":216,"original_height":216},27504,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956311","Public domain","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956311\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vishnevite - sulfate cancrinite w- orthoclase and melanite Hydrous sodium calcium potassium aluminum silicate sulfate and carbonate Loch Borrolan Sutherland Scotland 1650.jpg","These mineral images are free to use how you wish.","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com",640,{"id":218,"source_url":219,"license_code":190,"credit_html":220,"title":221,"description":222,"author":194,"original_width":223,"original_height":224},83156,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=84515757","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=84515757\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Melanite andradite garnet (Magnet Cove Complex, mid-Cretaceous; Diamond Joe Quarry, Arkansas, USA) (31885398654).jpg","\u003Cp>Melanite andradite garnet in matrix from the Cretaceous of Arkansas, USA. (crystal is 8.5 mm across)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are about 5400 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The silicates are the most abundant and chemically complex group of minerals.  All silicates have silica as the basis for their chemistry.  \"Silica\" refers to SiO2 chemistry.  The fundamental molecular unit of silica is one small silicon atom surrounded by four large oxygen atoms in the shape of a triangular pyramid - this is the silica tetrahedron - SiO4.  Each oxygen atom is shared by two silicon atoms, so only half of the four oxygens \"belong\" to each silicon.  The resulting formula for silica is thus SiO2, not SiO4.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Garnet is a group of silicate minerals.  Garnets are expected to be red to dark red in color - many of them are, but several garnet varieties can be other colors, including purple, orange, olive green, deep green, and black.  Garnets form 12-sided crystals (dodecahedrons) or crystals with even more faces on them.  The crystals become more and more rounded as the crystal face number increases.  Garnet has a nonmetallic, glassy luster, whitish streak, is quite hard (H = 7), has no cleavage, and has conchoidal fracture.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Common examples of garnet include almandine, grossular, spessartine, and andradite.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Andradite is the most common variety of calcium garnet.  Andradite is a calcium-iron garnet (Ca3Fe2Si3O12 - calcium iron silicate).  It varies in color from yellowish to greenish to brownish to blackish.  Green, chromium-bearing andradite is called demantoid.  Black, titanium-bearing andradite is called melanite (e.g., sample shown above).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Geologic unit: Magnet Cove Complex, Albian-Cenomanian Stages, mid-Cretaceous\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: Diamond Joe Quarry, central Arkansas, USA\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of melanite garnet:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n<a href=\"\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=7443\">http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=7443\u003C\u002Fa>\" rel=\"nofollow\">www.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=7443<\u002Fa>",714,571,[226,232,237,242,248],{"id":227,"url":228,"label":229,"formula":230,"spacegroup":231,"year":78},8618,"\u002Fcif\u002F8618.cif","Quartieri 2002 · Ca2.912 Na.025 Zr.039 Y.007 Ce.003 Nd.003 Al.28 Fe1.336 Mn.019 Mg.146 Si2.337 Ti.889 O12","Ca2.912 Na.025 Zr.039 Y.007 Ce.003 Nd.003 Al.28 Fe1.336 Mn.019 Mg.146 Si2.337 Ti.889 O12","I a -3 d",{"id":233,"url":234,"label":235,"formula":236,"spacegroup":231,"year":78},8619,"\u002Fcif\u002F8619.cif","Quartieri 2002 · Ca2.892 Na.04 Zr.028 V.006 Al.196 Fe1.391 Mn.024 Mg.129 Si2.465 Ti.826 O12","Ca2.892 Na.04 Zr.028 V.006 Al.196 Fe1.391 Mn.024 Mg.129 Si2.465 Ti.826 O12",{"id":238,"url":239,"label":240,"formula":241,"spacegroup":231,"year":78},8620,"\u002Fcif\u002F8620.cif","Quartieri 2002 · Ca2.973 Na.018 Zr.016 V.024 Al.26 Fe1.438 Mn.031 Mg.089 Si2.657 Ti.494 O12","Ca2.973 Na.018 Zr.016 V.024 Al.26 Fe1.438 Mn.031 Mg.089 Si2.657 Ti.494 O12",{"id":243,"url":244,"label":245,"formula":246,"spacegroup":231,"year":247},8621,"\u002Fcif\u002F8621.cif","Scordari 1999 · Ca2.751 Mg.051 Mn.069 Fe1.338 Al.67 Ti.211 Si2.88 O12 H.168","Ca2.751 Mg.051 Mn.069 Fe1.338 Al.67 Ti.211 Si2.88 O12 H.168",1999,{"id":249,"url":250,"label":251,"formula":252,"spacegroup":231,"year":247},8622,"\u002Fcif\u002F8622.cif","Scordari 1999 · Ca2.751 Mg.051 Mn.069 Fe1.35 Al.66 Ti.221 Si2.871 O12 H.168","Ca2.751 Mg.051 Mn.069 Fe1.35 Al.66 Ti.221 Si2.871 O12 H.168",[254,255,256],"Melanit","Melanita","Pyreneite",[],{"history":8,"applications":8}]