[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:2858":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":11,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":14,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":21,"key_elements":11,"impurities":11,"cim":22,"ima_status":23,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":26,"strunz10ed1":27,"strunz10ed2":19,"strunz10ed3":28,"strunz10ed4":29,"dana8ed1":30,"dana8ed2":31,"dana8ed3":32,"dana8ed4":31,"csystem":33,"cclass":34,"spacegroup":35,"spacegroupset":36,"a":37,"b":38,"c":39,"alpha":36,"beta":40,"gamma":36,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":11,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":41,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":42,"tlform":11,"hmin":43,"hmax":44,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":36,"vhnmax":36,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":45,"dmeas2":45,"dcalc":46,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":47,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":48,"streak":49,"colour":50,"commentcolor":11,"colors":51,"streak_colors":56,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":57,"cleavagetype":58,"fracturetype":59,"tenacity":60,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":61,"opticalsign":62,"opticalalpha":63,"opticalalpha2":36,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":64,"opticalbeta2":36,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":65,"opticalgamma2":36,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":36,"opticalomega2":36,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":36,"opticalepsilon2":36,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":36,"opticaln2":36,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":66,"optical2vcalc2":36,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":67,"optical2vmeasured2":36,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":68,"rimax":69,"opticaldispersion":70,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":71,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":72,"other":73,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":74,"type_specimen_store":75,"description_short":11,"aboutname":76,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":77,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":78,"group_members":79,"associates":80,"confused_with":123,"type_localities":124,"occurrence_total":125,"citations":126,"images":181,"structures":244,"synonyms":251,"language_names":261,"wikidata_qid":431,"texts":432},2858,"1:1:2858:1","1a2b3f09-323c-4f5a-8869-bf4e9356d11d","Natron","Nt",0,"mineral",null,131,false,"Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>·10H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>) · 10H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",[17,18,19,20],"Na","O","C","H",[17,18,19,20],"11.1.7",[24,25],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1747","5","B","10","15","1","2","Monoclinic",5,13,"0","12.75","9","12.6","115.85","On {001}.","Occurs naturally only as crystalline, granular, and columnar crusts. Artificial crystals somewhat tabular {010} with varying development of the [100] and [001] zones.",1,1.5,"1.478","1.458","Vitreous","Transparent,Translucent","White","Colourless to white, greyish, yellowish; colourless in transmitted light.",[52,53,54,55],"colorless","white","gray","yellow",[53],"On {001} distinct; on {010} imperfect; on {110} in traces.","Distinct\u002FGood","Conchoidal","brittle","Biaxial","-","1.405","1.425","1.44","80","71",1.405,1.44,"r > v","X = b; Z ∧ c ≃ 41°.","Melting Point: 34.5°.","Soluble in H2O. Gives an alkaline taste.\r\nDehydrates rapidly in air forming thermonatrite.","In solution in soda lakes.","No designated type material.","In allusion to its sodium content (Latin = NATRium).","2025-09-26 13:52:52",[],[],[81,91,99,108,115],{"id":82,"name":83,"entrytype":9,"csystem":84,"ima_formula":85,"mindat_formula":86,"hmin":87,"hmax":87,"dmeas":88,"dcalc":89,"primary_image_id":90},859,"Calcite","Trigonal","Ca(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","CaCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",3,"2.7102","2.711",4401,{"id":92,"name":93,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":94,"mindat_formula":95,"hmin":96,"hmax":96,"dmeas":97,"dcalc":97,"primary_image_id":98},1662,"Gaylussite","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Ca(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · 5H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Ca(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·5H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",2.5,"1.991",9700,{"id":100,"name":101,"entrytype":9,"csystem":102,"ima_formula":103,"mindat_formula":104,"hmin":96,"hmax":87,"dmeas":105,"dcalc":106,"primary_image_id":107},3935,"Thénardite","Orthorhombic","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","2.664","2.674",30823,{"id":109,"name":110,"entrytype":9,"csystem":102,"ima_formula":111,"mindat_formula":112,"hmin":43,"hmax":44,"dmeas":113,"dcalc":114,"primary_image_id":11},3938,"Thermonatrite","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>) · H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>·H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.255","2.259",{"id":116,"name":117,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":118,"mindat_formula":119,"hmin":96,"hmax":87,"dmeas":120,"dcalc":121,"primary_image_id":122},4031,"Trona","Na\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(HCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>) · 2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Na\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>H(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.11","2.124",83689,[],[],50,[127,131,135,139,143,147,151,155,160,164,168,172,177],{"id":128,"year":129,"html":130,"doi":11},17556044,1783,"Lisle, Jean-Baptiste-Louis Romé de, Romé de L'Isle, Jean-Baptiste Louis de (1783) \u003Ci>Cristallographie, ou Description des formes propres à tous les corps du règne minéral dans l'état de combinaison saline, pierreuse ou métallique [Crystallography, or Description of the forms specific to all bodies of the mineral kingdom in the state of saline, stony or metallic combination]\u003C\u002Fi> (2nd ed.). L'Imprimerie de Monsieur.",{"id":132,"year":133,"html":134,"doi":11},12960852,1801,"Haüy, René Just (1801) \u003Ci>Traité de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi> (1st ed.) Vol. 2. Chez Louis.",{"id":136,"year":137,"html":138,"doi":11},17557205,1813,"Hausmann, Johann Friedrich Ludwig (1813) \u003Ci>Handbuch der Mineralogie\u003C\u002Fi> (1st ed.). Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fhandbuchdermine01hausgoog\u002Fhandbuchdermine01hausgoog.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":140,"year":141,"html":142,"doi":11},16118250,1823,"Brooke (1823) Annalen der Physik, Halle, Leipzig: 6: 287 (as Subcarbonate of Soda)",{"id":144,"year":145,"html":146,"doi":11},16118251,1824,"Mohs, F. (1824) Grundriss der Mineralogie. 2 volumes, Dresden: 2: 27 (as Hemiprismatisches Natronsalz).",{"id":148,"year":149,"html":150,"doi":11},16118252,1839,"Zippe, F.X.M. (1839) Physiographie des Mineralreichs. Vienna: 2: 29.",{"id":152,"year":153,"html":154,"doi":11},16118253,1875,"Weisbach, Albin (1875) Synopsis mineralogical, systematische Übersicht des Mineralreiches. 78 pp., Freiberg: 7 (as Natrit).",{"id":156,"year":157,"html":158,"doi":159},1127860,1891,"Goldschmidt, Victor (1891) \u003Ci>Index der Krystallformen der Mineralien\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 3. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002F978-3-662-25554-4'>doi:10.1007\u002F978-3-662-25554-4\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fcloudflare-ipfs.com\u002Fipfs\u002Fbafykbzacecf2xzerudyek35bs7ahiy6ojz6hhomfyib4ivynykwq5rna3v2lq?filename=Dr.%20Victor%20Goldschmidt%20%28auth.%29%20-%20Index%20der%20Krystallformen%20der%20Mineralien-Springer-Verlag%20Berlin%20Heidelberg%20%281891%29.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002F978-3-662-25554-4",{"id":161,"year":162,"html":163,"doi":11},16118255,1916,"Hintze, Carl (1916) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: I(3A): 2778.",{"id":165,"year":166,"html":167,"doi":11},4468630,1922,"(1922) \u003Ci>Atlas Der Krystallformen\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 8 - Text - Band VIII - Safflorit-Topas. Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung, Heidelberg.",{"id":169,"year":170,"html":171,"doi":11},1118652,1951,"Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.",{"id":173,"year":174,"html":175,"doi":176},218367,1969,"Taga, T. (1969) Crystal structure of Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>.10H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  25 (12). 2656-2658 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0567740869006236'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0567740869006236\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0567740869006236",{"id":178,"year":179,"html":180,"doi":11},16966228,2005,"(2005) Natron. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fnatron.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",[182,190,199,209,219,229,238],{"id":183,"source_url":184,"license_code":185,"credit_html":186,"title":187,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":188,"original_height":189},30328,"http:\u002F\u002Fcollections.smvk.se\u002Fcarlotta-mhm\u002Fweb\u002Fobject\u002F4055992","CC BY 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fcollections.smvk.se\u002Fcarlotta-mhm\u002Fweb\u002Fobject\u002F4055992\" rel=\"noopener\">The Museum of Mediterranean and Near Eastern Antiquities\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana","natron bags@eng",1000,570,{"id":191,"source_url":192,"license_code":185,"credit_html":193,"title":194,"description":195,"author":196,"original_width":197,"original_height":198},17454,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=151440646","David Hospital, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=151440646\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Natron.jpg","A crystal group of the very rare mineral of simple chemistry, natron, from a little known locality in Egypt: El-Fazda Lake, El Beheira Governorate, Egypt. Ex Vandenbroucke Museum collection from Waregem, Belgium.","David Hospital",653,523,{"id":200,"source_url":201,"license_code":202,"credit_html":203,"title":204,"description":205,"author":206,"original_width":207,"original_height":208},70159,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=68005637","CC BY-SA 4.0","Jamain, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=68005637\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Cristaux de soude J1.jpg","Soda crystals (Sodium carbonate). Length: 9,5 cm. Picture taken in Belgium.","Jamain",4795,2657,{"id":210,"source_url":211,"license_code":212,"credit_html":213,"title":214,"description":215,"author":216,"original_width":217,"original_height":218},17484,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=33635446","CC BY-SA 3.0","Weirdmeister, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=33635446\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Natro.jpg","Natrozippeite, Locality: Bukov Mine, Rožná, Czech Republic, width: 23 mm","Weirdmeister",1046,712,{"id":220,"source_url":221,"license_code":222,"credit_html":223,"title":224,"description":225,"author":226,"original_width":227,"original_height":228},17760,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163475182","CC0 1.0","Darla Sondrol, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163475182\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Soda-niter (GeoDIL number - 157).jpg","Soda-niter, NaNO3, is also called nitratine. It easily dissolves in water and sometimes deliquesces in humid conditions, so it is not very common. It is only found in arid, desert regions or as efflorescences on dry cave or mine walls. The largest of these pieces is 9 cm across.","Darla Sondrol",3040,2016,{"id":230,"source_url":231,"license_code":232,"credit_html":233,"title":234,"description":235,"author":236,"original_width":237,"original_height":237},18104,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956088","Public domain","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956088\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Glaucophane in omphacite with muscovite and calcite soda amphibole Panoche Pass, San Benito County, California 2765.jpg","These mineral images are free to use how you wish.","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com",700,{"id":239,"source_url":240,"license_code":232,"credit_html":241,"title":242,"description":235,"author":236,"original_width":243,"original_height":243},18105,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956089","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956089\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Glaucophane in omphacite with muscovite and calcite soda amphibole Panoche Pass, San Benito County, California 2766.jpg",800,[245],{"id":246,"url":247,"label":248,"formula":249,"spacegroup":250,"year":174},9798,"\u002Fcif\u002F9798.cif","Taga 1969","Na2 C O13 H20","C 1 c 1",[252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260],"Carbonate of Soda","Cristaux d'alkali fixe minéral","Hemiprismatisches Natronsalz","Natronite (of Foshag et al.)","Sodium Carbonate","Sodium carbonate decahydrate","Soude carbonatée","Subcarbonate of Soda","Νιτρου",[262,265,269,275,279,283,288,293,297,301,306,309,313,316,319,323,326,329,333,338,342,345,349,353,356,361,364,367,371,379,383,387,391,394,397,400,404,408,412,415,418,424,427],{"lang":263,"names":264},"af",[7],{"lang":266,"names":267},"am",[268],"ነጥሮን",{"lang":270,"names":271},"ar",[272,273,274],"النطرون","ملح النطرون","نطرون",{"lang":276,"names":277},"bg",[278],"Натрон",{"lang":280,"names":281},"ca",[282],"natró",{"lang":284,"names":285},"de",[286,287],"Calcinierte Soda","Soda",{"lang":289,"names":290},"el",[291,292],"Νάτρο","Νάτρον",{"lang":294,"names":295},"eo",[296],"Sodo",{"lang":298,"names":299},"es",[300],"natrón",{"lang":302,"names":303},"et",[304,305],"natroon","sooda",{"lang":307,"names":308},"eu",[7],{"lang":310,"names":311},"fa",[312],"ناترون",{"lang":314,"names":315},"fr",[7],{"lang":317,"names":318},"gl",[300],{"lang":320,"names":321},"he",[322],"נטרון",{"lang":324,"names":325},"hr",[7],{"lang":327,"names":328},"it",[7],{"lang":330,"names":331},"ja",[332],"ナトロン",{"lang":334,"names":335},"kcg",[336,337],"a̱ma̱nda","ma̱nda",{"lang":339,"names":340},"ko",[341],"나트론",{"lang":343,"names":344},"la",[7],{"lang":346,"names":347},"mg",[348],"Natrôna",{"lang":350,"names":351},"mk",[352],"натрон",{"lang":354,"names":355},"ms",[7],{"lang":357,"names":358},"nb",[359,360],"krystallsoda","malersoda",{"lang":362,"names":363},"nl",[7],{"lang":365,"names":366},"oc",[7],{"lang":368,"names":369},"om",[370],"Naaxroonii",{"lang":372,"names":373},"pl",[374,375,376,377,378],"natron","natryt","soda krystaliczna","soda naturalna","soda rodzima",{"lang":380,"names":381},"pnb",[382],"نیٹرون",{"lang":384,"names":385},"pt",[386],"natrão",{"lang":388,"names":389},"ru",[390,352],"кристаллическая сода",{"lang":392,"names":393},"sl",[374],{"lang":395,"names":396},"sr",[352],{"lang":398,"names":399},"sv",[7],{"lang":401,"names":402},"th",[403],"โซดา",{"lang":405,"names":406},"uk",[407,278],"кристалічна сода",{"lang":409,"names":410},"ur",[7,411,382],"نطرُون",{"lang":413,"names":414},"vi",[7],{"lang":416,"names":417},"war",[7],{"lang":419,"names":420},"zh",[421,422,423],"天然碳酸钠","泡鹼","石碱",{"lang":425,"names":426},"zh-hans",[421],{"lang":428,"names":429},"zh-hant",[430],"天然碳酸鈉","Q427329",{"history":11,"applications":11}]