[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:2880":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":22,"key_elements":11,"impurities":23,"cim":24,"ima_status":25,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":28,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":29,"strunz10ed1":30,"strunz10ed2":31,"strunz10ed3":32,"strunz10ed4":33,"dana8ed1":34,"dana8ed2":35,"dana8ed3":36,"dana8ed4":35,"csystem":37,"cclass":38,"spacegroup":39,"spacegroupset":40,"a":41,"b":40,"c":42,"alpha":40,"beta":40,"gamma":40,"aerror":43,"berror":11,"cerror":44,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":45,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":46,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":47,"tlform":11,"hmin":48,"hmax":49,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":40,"vhnmax":40,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":50,"dmeas2":51,"dcalc":52,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":53,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":54,"streak":55,"colour":56,"commentcolor":57,"colors":58,"streak_colors":63,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":64,"cleavagetype":65,"fracturetype":66,"tenacity":67,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":68,"opticalsign":69,"opticalalpha":40,"opticalalpha2":40,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":40,"opticalbeta2":40,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":40,"opticalgamma2":40,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":70,"opticalomega2":71,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":72,"opticalepsilon2":73,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":40,"opticaln2":40,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":40,"optical2vcalc2":40,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":40,"optical2vmeasured2":40,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":74,"rimax":75,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":76,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":77,"aboutname":78,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":79,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":80,"group_members":88,"associates":117,"confused_with":201,"type_localities":203,"occurrence_total":208,"citations":209,"images":313,"structures":630,"synonyms":658,"language_names":677,"wikidata_qid":849,"texts":850},2880,"1:1:2880:2","5ea066fd-77e0-40da-b171-75edbb7c8ff3","Nepheline","Nph",0,"mineral",null,47865,8236,false,"Na\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>K(Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>)",[17,18,19,20,21],"Al","Na","Si","O","K",[17,18,19,20,21],"Mg,Ca,H2O","16.4.1",[26,27],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","IMA march 2018: Revised chemical formula.","1801","9","F","A","05","76","2","1","Hexagonal",15,104,"0","9.993","8.374",2,3,8,"On \u003Cmi>{10_10}, {33_65}, {11_22}\u003C\u002Fmi>.","Stout prisms, granular, compact, massive.",5.5,6,"2.55","2.66","2.64","Vitreous,Greasy","Transparent,Opaque","White","Colourless, white, grey, yellowish","Coloured by inclusions as well.",[59,60,61,62],"colorless","white","gray","yellow",[60],"\u003Cmi>Poor on {10_10}, {0001}\u003C\u002Fmi>","Poor\u002FIndistinct","Sub-Conchoidal","brittle","Uniaxial","-","1.529","1.546","1.526","1.542",1.526,1.546,"Characteristic of alkaline igneous rocks.","A very important change concerning nepheline is found in the recent (42nd) IMA Newsletter: potassium is essential in nepheline and the formula is changed to that recognized by Mindat. See https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fmesg-437726.html for details, and CNMNC N...","From the Greek \"nephele\" for \"cloud\" since it turns cloudy when treated with strong acid.","2026-03-28 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· 2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","(Na,Ca,◻)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>24\u003C\u002Fsub>)(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>,SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.42","2.49",4530,{"id":142,"name":143,"entrytype":9,"csystem":37,"ima_formula":144,"mindat_formula":145,"hmin":48,"hmax":49,"dmeas":138,"dcalc":146,"primary_image_id":147},1238,"Davyne","[(Na,K)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>(SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>0.5\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl][Ca\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>][(Si\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>24\u003C\u002Fsub>)]","(Na,K)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Ca\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>24\u003C\u002Fsub>)(Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>,SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","2.50",29585,{"id":149,"name":150,"entrytype":9,"csystem":121,"ima_formula":151,"mindat_formula":152,"hmin":108,"hmax":48,"dmeas":153,"dcalc":40,"primary_image_id":11},1926,"Homilite","Ca\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>B\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Mg)B\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.34",{"id":155,"name":156,"entrytype":9,"csystem":121,"ima_formula":157,"mindat_formula":158,"hmin":49,"hmax":49,"dmeas":159,"dcalc":160,"primary_image_id":161},2462,"Låvenite","(Na,Ca)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Zr,Ti,Nb)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(O,F)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Ca\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Zr\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>F\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.4","3.498",14111,{"id":163,"name":164,"entrytype":9,"csystem":165,"ima_formula":166,"mindat_formula":166,"hmin":48,"hmax":49,"dmeas":167,"dcalc":168,"primary_image_id":169},2465,"Leucite","Tetragonal","K(AlSi\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>)","2.45","2.46",30089,{"id":171,"name":172,"entrytype":9,"csystem":173,"ima_formula":174,"mindat_formula":175,"hmin":176,"hmax":44,"dmeas":177,"dcalc":178,"primary_image_id":179},2813,"Murmanite","Triclinic","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Ti\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Ti\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","Na\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Ti\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",2.5,"2.76","3.00",30239,{"id":181,"name":182,"entrytype":9,"csystem":173,"ima_formula":183,"mindat_formula":183,"hmin":108,"hmax":48,"dmeas":153,"dcalc":184,"primary_image_id":185},3622,"Serandite","NaMn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)","3.42",22116,{"id":187,"name":188,"entrytype":9,"csystem":189,"ima_formula":190,"mindat_formula":190,"hmin":48,"hmax":49,"dmeas":191,"dcalc":192,"primary_image_id":193},3701,"Sodalite","Isometric","Na\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>12\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl","2.27","2.31",22539,{"id":195,"name":196,"entrytype":9,"csystem":189,"ima_formula":197,"mindat_formula":197,"hmin":43,"hmax":176,"dmeas":198,"dcalc":199,"primary_image_id":200},4181,"Villiaumite","NaF","2.79","2.81",27470,[202],{"id":105,"name":106,"entrytype":9,"csystem":37,"ima_formula":107,"mindat_formula":107,"hmin":108,"hmax":48,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":109,"primary_image_id":110},[204],{"id":205,"txt":206,"latitude":11,"longitude":11,"country":207},2092,"Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy","Italy",1374,[210,213,217,221,226,231,235,240,245,250,254,258,263,268,272,276,280,284,289,293,298,303,308],{"id":211,"year":11,"html":212,"doi":11},16943797,"Goychuk, O.F., Lepekha, S.V., Konopleva, N.G., Tsvetov, N.S., Savchenko, Ye.E., Panikorovskii, T.L., Lyalina, L.M. (2023): Incorporation of water into nepheline from rocks of the Khibiny alkaline massif. Atti della sessione scientifica Fersman del GI KSC RAS, 20, 330-335.",{"id":214,"year":215,"html":216,"doi":11},12960850,1801,"Haüy, René Just (1801) \u003Ci>Traité de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi> (1st ed.) Vol. 3. Chez Louis, Paris. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Ftraitdeminralog03goog\u002Ftraitdeminralog03goog.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":218,"year":219,"html":220,"doi":11},16772129,1810,"Klaproth, M. H. (1810) CCI. Chemische Untersuchung des Elaeoliths. In \u003Ci>Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 5. Rottmann. p.176-179.",{"id":222,"year":223,"html":224,"doi":225},103266,1912,"Schaller, W. T. (1912) Die chemische Zusammensetzung des Nephelins. \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Kristallographie\u003C\u002Fi>,  50 (1-6). 343-346 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1912.50.1.343'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1912.50.1.343\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1912.50.1.343",{"id":227,"year":228,"html":229,"doi":230},7124,1931,"Bannister, F. A.; Hey, M. H. (1931) A chemical, optical, and X-ray study of nepheline and kaliophilite. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  22 (134). 569-608 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1931.02.134.03'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1931.02.134.03\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_22\u002F22-134-569.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1931.02.134.03",{"id":232,"year":233,"html":234,"doi":11},522551,1954,"Buerger, M. J., Klein, Gilbert E., Donnay, Gabrielle (1954) Determination of the crystal structure of nepheline. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  39 (9-10) 805-818 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM39\u002FAM39_805.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":236,"year":237,"html":238,"doi":239},1155836,1957,"Smith, J. V.; Tuttle, O. F. (1957) The nepheline-kalsilite system: Part I. X-ray data for the crystalline phases. \u003Ci>American Journal of Science\u003C\u002Fi>,  255 (4). 282-305 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2475\u002Fajs.255.4.282'>doi:10.2475\u002Fajs.255.4.282\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2475\u002Fajs.255.4.282",{"id":241,"year":242,"html":243,"doi":244},1156008,1958,"Tuttle, O. F.; Smith, J. V. (1958) The nepheline-kalsilite system. II. Phase relations. \u003Ci>American Journal of Science\u003C\u002Fi>,  256 (8). 571-589 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2475\u002Fajs.256.8.571'>doi:10.2475\u002Fajs.256.8.571\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2475\u002Fajs.256.8.571",{"id":246,"year":247,"html":248,"doi":249},5676,1962,"McConnell, J. D. C. (1962) Electron-diffraction study of subsidiary maxima of scattered intensity in nepheline. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  33 (257) 114-124 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1962.033.257.04'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1962.033.257.04\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_33\u002F33-257-114.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1962.033.257.04",{"id":251,"year":252,"html":253,"doi":11},525949,1972,"Simmons, W. B., Peacor, Donald R. (1972) Refinement of the crystal structure of a volcanic nepheline. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  57 (11-12) 1711-1719 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM57\u002FAM57_1711.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":255,"year":252,"html":256,"doi":257},180126,"YUND, R. A., MCCALLISTER, R. H., SAVIN, S. M. (1972) An Experimental Study of Nepheline-Kalsilite Exsolution. \u003Ci>Journal of Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  13 (2) 255-272 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fpetrology\u002F13.2.255'>doi:10.1093\u002Fpetrology\u002F13.2.255\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1093\u002Fpetrology\u002F13.2.255",{"id":259,"year":260,"html":261,"doi":262},364163,1978,"Liu, Lin-Gun (1978) High-pressure phase transformations of albite, jadeite and nepheline. \u003Ci>Earth and Planetary Science Letters\u003C\u002Fi>,  37 (3) 438-444 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0012-821x(78)90059-6'>doi:10.1016\u002F0012-821x(78)90059-6\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0012-821x(78)90059-6",{"id":264,"year":265,"html":266,"doi":267},403423,1984,"Gregorkiewitz, Michael (1984) Crystal structure and Al\u002FSi-ordering of a synthetic nepheline. \u003Ci>Bulletin de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi>,  107 (3) 499-507 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1984.7779'>doi:10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1984.7779\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1984.7779",{"id":269,"year":270,"html":271,"doi":11},12908372,1990,"Moyd, Louis (1990) Davis Hill near Bancroft, Ontario - An Occurrence of Large Nepheline, Biotite and Albite-Antiperthite Crystals in Calcite-cored Vein-Dikes. \u003Ci>The Mineralogical Record\u003C\u002Fi>, 21 (3) 235-248",{"id":273,"year":274,"html":275,"doi":11},16966256,2001,"(2001) Nepheline. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fnepheline.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":277,"year":278,"html":279,"doi":11},15944991,2010,"Rastsvetaeva, R.K., Aksenov, S.M., Chukanov, N.V. (2010): Disordering of Al and Si in nepheline from Graulai (Germany). Doklady Chemistry, 435, 339-342.",{"id":281,"year":278,"html":282,"doi":283},244075,"Blancher, S. B., D'Arco, P., Fonteilles, M., Pascal, M.-L. (2010) Evolution of nepheline from mafic to highly differentiated members of the alkaline series: the Messum complex, Namibia. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine\u003C\u002Fi>,  74 (3) 415-432 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.2010.074.3.415'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.2010.074.3.415\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.2010.074.3.415",{"id":285,"year":286,"html":287,"doi":288},187459,2011,"Friese, Karen, Grzechnik, Andrzej, Petříček, Vaclav, Schönleber, Andreas, van Smaalen, Sander, Morgenroth, Wolfgang (2011) Modulated structure of nepheline. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science\u003C\u002Fi>,  67 (1) 18-29 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0108768110050822'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0108768110050822\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0108768110050822",{"id":290,"year":286,"html":291,"doi":292},17028,"Vulić, Predrag, Balić-Žunić, Tonči, Belmonte, Louise Josefine, Kahlenberg, Volker (2011) Crystal chemistry of nephelines from ijolites and nepheline-rich pegmatites: influence of composition and genesis on the crystal structure investigated by X-ray diffraction. \u003Ci>Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  101 (3) 185-194 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00710-010-0143-5'>doi:10.1007\u002Fs00710-010-0143-5\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fs00710-010-0143-5",{"id":294,"year":295,"html":296,"doi":297},4105717,2017,"Deshkar, Ambar, Marcial, José, Southern, Scott A., Kobera, Libor, Bryce, David L., McCloy, John S., Goel, Ashutosh (2017) Understanding the structural origin of crystalline phase transformations in nepheline (NaAlSiO4)‐based glass‐ceramics. \u003Ci>Journal of the American Ceramic Society\u003C\u002Fi>, 100 (7). 2859-2878 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fjace.14845'>doi:10.1111\u002Fjace.14845\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1111\u002Fjace.14845",{"id":299,"year":300,"html":301,"doi":302},12999886,2021,"Antao, Sytle M., Hovis, Guy L. (2021) Structural variations across the nepheline (NaAlSiO4)–kalsilite (KAlSiO4) series. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>, 106 (5) 801-811 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-2021-7484'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-2021-7484\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-2021-7484",{"id":304,"year":305,"html":306,"doi":307},15413430,2022,"Mikhailova, Julia A., Aksenov, Sergey M., Pakhomovsky, Yakov A., Moine, Bertrand N., Dusséaux, Camille, Vaitieva, Yulia A., Voronin, Mikhail (2022) Iron in Nepheline: Crystal Chemical Features and Petrological Applications. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>, 12 (10) 1257 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin12101257'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin12101257\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2075-163X\u002F12\u002F10\u002F1257\u002Fpdf?version=1666577344' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin12101257",{"id":309,"year":310,"html":311,"doi":312},16668133,2023,"Mikhailova, Julia A., Kalashnikova, Galina O., Pakhomovsky, Yakov A., Selivanova, Ekaterina A., Kompanchenko, Alena A. (2023) Experimental Modeling of Natural Processes of Nepheline Alteration. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  13 (9)  \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin13091138'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin13091138\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin13091138",[314,324,334,341,348,358,364,373,382,392,401,410,419,428,436,444,453,463,470,475,484,493,501,510,518,526,534,541,548,556,565,573,581,589,597,605,611,620],{"id":315,"source_url":316,"license_code":317,"credit_html":318,"title":319,"description":320,"author":321,"original_width":322,"original_height":323},17551,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=326620","CC BY-SA 3.0","No machine-readable author provided. Siim assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=326620\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline-syenite-2005.jpg","\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FUser:Siim\" title=\"User:Siim\">Siim Sepp\u003C\u002Fa>, 2005\nDiameter of rock sample is app. 15 cm.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nRock name is särnaite (leucocratic variety of nepheline syenite) and it is from \u003Ca href=\"\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Sweden\">Sweden\u003C\u002Fa>.","No machine-readable author provided. Siim assumed (based on copyright claims).",800,531,{"id":325,"source_url":326,"license_code":327,"credit_html":328,"title":329,"description":330,"author":331,"original_width":332,"original_height":333},53100,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=656745","CC BY-SA 2.5","No machine-readable author provided. Zimbres assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=656745\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline.jpg","\u003Cp>Nepheline crystal from Canaã alkaline massif, Rio de Janeiro\u003Cbr>\nThe mineral surface is lightly wheathered \u003Cbr>\nSample size:5 X 2,5 cm\nAuthor:Eurico Zimbres\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nFree for all use","No machine-readable author provided. Zimbres assumed (based on copyright claims).",1296,864,{"id":335,"source_url":336,"license_code":337,"credit_html":338,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":339,"original_height":340},30336,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F90395","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F90395\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",874,1000,{"id":342,"source_url":343,"license_code":327,"credit_html":344,"title":345,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":346,"original_height":347},53101,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=656752","Unknown author, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=656752\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline2.jpg",1638,1095,{"id":349,"source_url":350,"license_code":351,"credit_html":352,"title":353,"description":354,"author":355,"original_width":356,"original_height":357},17553,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=13612102","Public domain","Andrew Silver, USGS, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=13612102\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline3.jpg","Nepheline. Pen for scale. Mineral collection of Bringham Young University Department of Geology, Provo, Utah. Photograph by Andrew Silver. No BYU index, Na_3KSi_4Al_4O_16.","Andrew Silver, USGS",700,461,{"id":359,"source_url":360,"license_code":361,"credit_html":362,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":340,"original_height":363},30337,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F116374","CC BY 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F116374\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",666,{"id":365,"source_url":366,"license_code":317,"credit_html":367,"title":368,"description":369,"author":370,"original_width":371,"original_height":372},17554,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=47553468","Jstuby, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=47553468\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline syenite NJ.jpg","Hand sample of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline_syenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline syenite\">Nepheline syenite\u003C\u002Fa> of the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOrdovician\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ordovician\">Ordovician\u003C\u002Fa> Beemerville Complex, northern New Jersey.  Unweathered surface shown on left, weathered surface shown on right (with some sparse moss).  Collected 21 Oct. 2012.","Jstuby",2547,1580,{"id":374,"source_url":375,"license_code":351,"credit_html":376,"title":377,"description":378,"author":379,"original_width":380,"original_height":381},17555,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314540","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314540\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline-180869.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Field of view\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>2.5 mm x 3.4 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Locality\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Description\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Via Dave W. MOB coll. Unusual for MSH despite the abundance of nepheline syenite. These are very fresh looking xls and do not fluoresce orange - a good indication that they have not been replaced by sodalite.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Modris Baum",485,653,{"id":383,"source_url":384,"license_code":385,"credit_html":386,"title":387,"description":388,"author":389,"original_width":390,"original_height":391},17556,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115357078","CC BY 3.0","Douglas Watts, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115357078\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline-462803.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ci>Peristerite\u003C\u002Fi> (Var: \u003Ci>Albite Moonstone\u003C\u002Fi>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Dennis Hill locality (Litchfield sodalite locality), Litchfield, Kennebec County, Maine, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: A 2 cm polished section of the sodalite\u002Fcancrinite phase of the Litchfield nepheline syenite pluton at Dennis Hill, Litchfield, Maine. The gray mineral on the left is nepheline, which grades towards the right into pale blue albite. At the far right, the albite displays a schiller effect, which is very common in the Litchfield syenite and makes it good for cabochons. The black specks are tiny slivers of biotite.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Douglas Watts",1117,799,{"id":393,"source_url":394,"license_code":351,"credit_html":395,"title":396,"description":397,"author":398,"original_width":399,"original_height":400},17557,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115357830","Jyrki Autio, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115357830\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline-718945.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: 55 mm x 50 mm x 35 mm; Field of view: 20 mm; Largest crystal: 15 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Jebel Bou-Agrao, Amersid, Aït Oufella Caïdat, Midelt Cercle, Midelt Province, Drâa-Tafilalet Region, Morocco\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Prismatic grey nepheline crystallized on garnet.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Jyrki Autio",4377,3283,{"id":402,"source_url":403,"license_code":385,"credit_html":404,"title":405,"description":406,"author":407,"original_width":408,"original_height":409},17558,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115358255","Kelly Nash, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115358255\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline-563031.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Princess Sodalite Quarry (Princess Quarry), Dungannon Township, Hastings County, Ontario, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Yellow and brown Nepheline crystals occur on fracture surfaces in the syenite and are typically weathered like these. Field of view here is about 1 meter. Some blue sodalite can be seen on the right-hand piece. As of Sept. 2013, there is no collecting or public access available at this quarry, the photo was taken during a university field trip.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Kelly Nash",2662,2062,{"id":411,"source_url":412,"license_code":337,"credit_html":413,"title":414,"description":415,"author":416,"original_width":417,"original_height":418},53105,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=83011051","Tõnis Saadre, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=83011051\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Estonian Museum of Natural History Specimen No 204081 photo (g66 g66-1 jpg).jpg","\"nefeliin\", \"nefeliin\". More info \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F90654\">about this file\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Fspecimen\u002F204081\">about this specimen\u003C\u002Fa> at \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002F\">geocollections.info\u003C\u002Fa>","Tõnis Saadre",2740,2008,{"id":420,"source_url":421,"license_code":337,"credit_html":422,"title":423,"description":424,"author":425,"original_width":426,"original_height":427},53106,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=83083857","Mai Seppel, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=83083857\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Estonian Museum of Natural History Specimen No 202315 photo (g27 g27-671 1 jpg).jpg","\"nefeliin\". More info \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F65376\">about this file\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Fspecimen\u002F202315\">about this specimen\u003C\u002Fa> at \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002F\">geocollections.info\u003C\u002Fa>","Mai Seppel",2756,2343,{"id":429,"source_url":430,"license_code":351,"credit_html":431,"title":432,"description":433,"author":379,"original_width":434,"original_height":435},15326,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115270172","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115270172\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline-180858.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Field of view\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>7.8 mm x 10.5 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Locality\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Description\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Via Dave W. This is a stereo child photo. Nepheline syenite is one of the major rock types at MSH but good (or even recognizable) nepheline xls are few and far between. They have not been replaced by sodalite (as sometimes happens). The small pink xls are manganoeudialyte - see \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-194327.html\">http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-194327.html\u003C\u002Fa> The very dark green xls may be arfvedsonite. They are very etched and\u002For distorted on this side of the specimen but a few on the back do look like arfvedsonite. Reprocessed using CombineZ and replaced with higher res image Nov 2011.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",716,1039,{"id":437,"source_url":438,"license_code":385,"credit_html":439,"title":440,"description":441,"author":407,"original_width":442,"original_height":443},53107,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115358068","Kelly Nash, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115358068\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline-731620.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: 55 mm x 30 mm x 18 mm; largest crystal: 5 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Löhley (Liley; Meerfeld Quarry; Slabik Quarry; Scheerer Quarry), Üdersdorf, Daun, Vulkaneifel District, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Elongated white nepheline crystals, with green-black pyroxene (probably augite or clinopyroxene) and needles of apatite, with sparse leucite (yellow-stained) and melilite (darker red-brown).\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",3897,2226,{"id":445,"source_url":446,"license_code":337,"credit_html":447,"title":448,"description":449,"author":450,"original_width":451,"original_height":452},53109,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115523207","Ringwoodit, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115523207\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nephelindolerit Nephelin XPL.jpg","Thin section in cross-polarised light of an idiomiorphic crystal of nepheline in nepheline dolerite from Meiches in Vogelsberg, Hesse, Germany.","Ringwoodit",1654,1103,{"id":454,"source_url":455,"license_code":456,"credit_html":457,"title":458,"description":459,"author":460,"original_width":461,"original_height":462},31313,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=106396815","CC BY 2.0","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=106396815\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Porphyritic-nepheline-syenite-float-boulder-from-summit-spires-of-mt-kenya-volcano-south-central-kenya-east-african-rift-valley 14850513499 o.jpg","Porphyritic nepheline syenite (8.3 cm across) - this rock is derived from the summit spires of Mt. Kenya Volcano. It is a porphyritic nepheline syenite, a shallow intrusive igneous rock that filled up the throat of the old volcano. This rock was collected from a float boulder on the southern slopes of Mt. Kenya, but derived from the summit spires. The rock contains large phenocrysts of sanidine feldspar, smaller phenocrysts of nepheline, and a groundmass of aegirine pyroxene, alkalic amphibole, aenigmatite, and melanite.","James St. John",1165,1091,{"id":464,"source_url":465,"license_code":351,"credit_html":466,"title":467,"description":468,"author":469,"original_width":322,"original_height":322},85228,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956310","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956310\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Villiamumite in nepheline syenite Sodium fluoride Rouma Isle of Los near Connary Guinea 1867.jpg","These mineral images are free to use how you wish.","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com",{"id":471,"source_url":472,"license_code":351,"credit_html":473,"title":474,"description":468,"author":469,"original_width":322,"original_height":322},86333,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956323","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956323\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Woholerite in nepheline syenite Calcium zirconium sodium silicate and columbate Skudesundsjaer Langesundsfjord Norway 1909.jpg",{"id":476,"source_url":477,"license_code":317,"credit_html":478,"title":479,"description":480,"author":481,"original_width":482,"original_height":483},17552,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167182","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167182\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline-Schorlomite-250211.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSchorlomite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Schorlomite\">Schorlomite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Bou-Agrao Mt., Tamazeght complex, High Atlas Mts, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKh%C3%A9nifra_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Khénifra Province\">Khénifra Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Meknès-Tafilalet Region, Morocco (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-25815.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.0 x 4.4 x 3.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An excellent and uncommon combination specimen from the High Atlas Mountains of Morroco - Bou-Agrao Mt. A large vug is lined with sharp, hexagonal, grayish-white nepheline crystals to 1.8 cm and nicely complimentary, lustrous, jet-black crystals of schorlomite. The textabook, dodechedral crystals reach 1.5 cm. Schorlomite is a rare garnet group member and much of the material labeled \"schorlomite\" is, strictly speaking, titanian andradite. Excellent, highly representative combination material of the species and locale.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",675,496,{"id":485,"source_url":486,"license_code":351,"credit_html":487,"title":488,"description":489,"author":490,"original_width":491,"original_height":492},53102,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10013911","Andrew Silver, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10013911\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline - USGS Mineral Specimens 804.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa> (pen for scale) - Mineral collection of Brigham Young University Department of Geology, Provo, Utah - No BYU index","Andrew Silver",1400,922,{"id":494,"source_url":495,"license_code":317,"credit_html":496,"title":497,"description":498,"author":499,"original_width":492,"original_height":500},7579,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10076728","Fred Kruijen, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10076728\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Biotite, Sanidine and Nepheline - Ochtendung, Eifel, Germany.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBiotite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Biotite\">Biotite\u003C\u002Fa> (0.75 x 1 mm) in combination with \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSanidine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sanidine\">Sanidine\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa> - Locality: Wannenköpfe, Ochtendung, Eifel region, Germany","Fred Kruijen",692,{"id":502,"source_url":503,"license_code":385,"credit_html":504,"title":505,"description":506,"author":507,"original_width":508,"original_height":509},19101,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=67462410","John Sobolewski, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=67462410\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Perlialite, Nepheline, Aegirine, Yuksporite-359617.jpg","A 7.0 by 5.2 cms polished slab with a 4-sided monograin of grey Nepheline just to the left of center surrounded by white Perlialite, with minor black Aegirine, red-brown Yuksporite, and porcelaineous Microcline. JSS specimen and photo-","John Sobolewski",1024,768,{"id":511,"source_url":512,"license_code":385,"credit_html":513,"title":514,"description":515,"author":389,"original_width":516,"original_height":517},33117,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85250185","Douglas Watts, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85250185\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Cancrinite, Nepheline, Sodalite, Annite-463949.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCancrinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cancrinite\">Cancrinite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSodalite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sodalite\">Sodalite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAnnite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Annite\">Annite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Dennis Hill locality (Litchfield sodalite locality), Litchfield, Kennebec County, Maine, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: 1.5 cm polished section of Litchfieldite, showing yellow cancrinite, greenish nepheline, black annite, blue sodalite and white albite from Dennis Hill, Litchfield, Maine along Rt. 126.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",1070,767,{"id":519,"source_url":520,"license_code":351,"credit_html":521,"title":522,"description":523,"author":379,"original_width":524,"original_height":525},13149,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314873","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314873\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline, Kentbrooksite-170659.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKentbrooksite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kentbrooksite\">Kentbrooksite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Field of view\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>4.4 mm x 6.3 mm. Top to bottom, the nepheline spans 3.9 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Locality\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Description\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Ex Ron Waddell. The greenish\u002Fgray nepheline does not fluoresce orange - a good indication that it has not been replaced by sodalite. The kentbrooksite really is a hot \"shocking pink\". Updated April 2016 with a (hopefully) more accurate full res image. There are two old stereo child photos - both with color problems (and other defects). But they may help to clarify the arrangement of the crystals.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",3193,4603,{"id":527,"source_url":528,"license_code":351,"credit_html":529,"title":530,"description":531,"author":379,"original_width":532,"original_height":533},13153,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314877","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314877\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Kentbrooksite, Nepheline-743816.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKentbrooksite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kentbrooksite\">Kentbrooksite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Field of view\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>2.8 mm; largest crystal 1.2 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Locality\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Description\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>The brightly lit face spans 1.0 mm. Collected by Ron Waddell.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",3845,3052,{"id":535,"source_url":536,"license_code":351,"credit_html":537,"title":538,"description":539,"author":379,"original_width":540,"original_height":508},4540,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115355846","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115355846\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline, Manganoeudialyte-181066.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FManganoeudialyte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Manganoeudialyte\">Manganoeudialyte\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Field of view\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>1.5 cm high\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Locality\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Description\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Via Dave W. MOB coll. The small pinkish xls have been ID as UK116, the Mn analogue of eudialyte. There are also some small violet prisms of cancrisilite\u002Fcancrinite (not analyzed) and some unid xls (perhaps UK53 group). I don't know if the dark stuff is a pyroxene or amphibole - the xls are very twisted and crenulated. (Judging from the back side, which is less contorted - they are arfvedsonite.) Sept 2009: Updated using stacking and better color fidelity. Also added a stereo view. For closer views of the manganoeudialyte see \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-194327.html\">http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-194327.html\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-279270.html\">http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-279270.html\u003C\u002Fa> See \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fmesg-7-203147.html\">http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fmesg-7-203147.html\u003C\u002Fa> (especially László's comments) for information on the environments and relative rarity of manganoeudialyte at MSH.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",797,{"id":542,"source_url":543,"license_code":385,"credit_html":544,"title":545,"description":546,"author":407,"original_width":322,"original_height":547},21811,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115356350","Kelly Nash, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115356350\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline, Schorlomite-279459.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSchorlomite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Schorlomite\">Schorlomite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: 50 mm x 43 mm x 31 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Jebel Bou-Agrao, Amersid, Aït Oufella Caïdat, Midelt Cercle, Midelt Province, Drâa-Tafilalet Region, Morocco\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Nepheline, tan crystals on black schorlomite, from the High Atlas Mountains in Morocco. K. Nash specimen & image.\u003Cbr>(This Photo was a „Mindat.org-Photo of the Day“ on 1st Feb. 2018)\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",628,{"id":549,"source_url":550,"license_code":385,"credit_html":551,"title":552,"description":553,"author":389,"original_width":554,"original_height":555},38103,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115357286","Douglas Watts, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115357286\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline, Albite, Cancrinite-462814.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlbite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Albite\">Albite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCancrinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cancrinite\">Cancrinite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Dennis Hill locality (Litchfield sodalite locality), Litchfield, Kennebec County, Maine, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: A 2 cm polished chunk of nepheline and albite from Litchfield nepheline syenite pluton. The albite is on the left, containing small slivers of biotite and a tiny patch of pale yellow cancrinite. The nepheline is on the right and is one large, well formed crystal. The horizontal green laths in the nepheline are extremely thin crystals of biotite which grew within the fabric of the nepheline as it crystallized. This is from a highly porphrytic phase of the syenite, wherein the nepheline crystals grew first (and quite large) and were later surrounded by a 'slush' of albite as the ground mass. Nepheline is ridiculously hard to photograph well in the Litchfield syenite because it is usually not well formed; most often it's just a roughly rectangular 'blob' of greenish greyish stuff that weathers out before everything else. Oh ... and don't ever put nepheline or litchfieldite anywhere near oxalic acid. It dissolves. If you feel you have to clean a very soil-stained specimen, use bleach mixed 1:20 with water.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",1131,931,{"id":557,"source_url":558,"license_code":385,"credit_html":559,"title":560,"description":561,"author":562,"original_width":563,"original_height":564},53108,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115359803","Gianandrea Ghirri, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115359803\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline, Fluorapatite, Pyroxene group, Melilite group-1068678.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFluorapatite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Fluorapatite\">Fluorapatite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyroxene\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyroxene\">Pyroxene Group\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMelilite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Melilite\">Melilite Group\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Field of view: 3 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Graulay quarry, Hillesheim, Gerolstein, Vulkaneifel District, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: In my opinion the green blades could be Augite. On the box there is \"Nepheline, Melilite\" and the location.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Gianandrea Ghirri",3976,2618,{"id":566,"source_url":567,"license_code":317,"credit_html":568,"title":569,"description":570,"author":481,"original_width":571,"original_height":572},2677,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=67715211","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=67715211\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Oxykinoshitalite, Ulvöspinel, Nepheline, Olivine, Augite, Calcite, Apatite, K Feldspar-762193.png",":A very interesting piece under the microscope. Vesicles in this olivine nephelinite contain microcrystals of orange-brown, prismatic to platy oxykinoshitalite associated with nepheline, calcite, and an apatite group mineral. An unassuming specimen in hand sample, but fairly remarkable under modest magnification. Oxykinoshitalite is a rare and complex barium potassium magnesium titanium iron layer silicate and a member of the Mica Group. Ex. Paulo Matioli collection.\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>3.0 x 2.0 x 1.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>From: Fernando de Noronha island, Fernando de Noronha archipelago, Pernambuco, Brazil.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",1379,865,{"id":574,"source_url":575,"license_code":317,"credit_html":576,"title":577,"description":578,"author":481,"original_width":579,"original_height":580},4534,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162458","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162458\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Cancrinite-Sodalite-Nepheline-222524.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCancrinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cancrinite\">Cancrinite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSodalite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sodalite\">Sodalite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Dennis Hill locality (Litchfield sodalite locality), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLitchfield\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Litchfield\">Litchfield\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKennebec_County,_Maine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kennebec County, Maine\">Kennebec County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMaine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Maine\">Maine\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-7380.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.2 x 5.5 x 4.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Yellow cancrinite with platy, purplish\u002Fblackish\u002Fbronzish biotite and white nepheline.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",600,517,{"id":582,"source_url":583,"license_code":351,"credit_html":584,"title":585,"description":586,"author":379,"original_width":587,"original_height":588},13150,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314874","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314874\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline, Kentbrooksite-170662.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKentbrooksite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kentbrooksite\">Kentbrooksite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Field of view\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>10 mm; about 1+ cm wide\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Locality\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Description\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Ex Ron Waddell. A closeup of the greenish nepheline is at \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-170659.html\">http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-170659.html\u003C\u002Fa> The nepheline is unaltered but the xls are not sharp. The hot pink kentbrooksite xls are small but many are well formed. Updated April 2016 with EDS analysis which shows that kentbrooksite is very likely. Note that, unlike other MSH kentbrooksite photos posted here, which are orange, these crystals are pink. In fact, they look a lot like manganoeudialyte in \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-279270.html\">http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Fphoto-279270.html\u003C\u002Fa> showing once again that color is worse than useless for identification of eudialyte group minerals at MSH.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",2514,2774,{"id":590,"source_url":591,"license_code":351,"credit_html":592,"title":593,"description":594,"author":379,"original_width":595,"original_height":596},13152,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314876","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314876\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Kentbrooksite, Nepheline-743813.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKentbrooksite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kentbrooksite\">Kentbrooksite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Field of view\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>2.6 mm; largest crystal 1.1 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Locality\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Description\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>The brightly lit face spans 0.9 mm. Collected by Ron Waddell.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",3565,3065,{"id":598,"source_url":599,"license_code":351,"credit_html":600,"title":601,"description":602,"author":379,"original_width":603,"original_height":604},13154,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314878","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115314878\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Kentbrooksite, Nepheline-743817.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKentbrooksite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kentbrooksite\">Kentbrooksite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Field of view\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>2.0 mm; largest crystal 0.8 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Locality\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdt>Description\u003C\u002Fdt>\n\u003Cdd>Close-up showing several kentbrooksite crystals to about 0.8 mm. Collected by Ron Waddell.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",2768,4807,{"id":606,"source_url":607,"license_code":351,"credit_html":608,"title":609,"description":468,"author":469,"original_width":610,"original_height":610},14398,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956123","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956123\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Leucite in rock w- nepheline Potassium aluminum silicate Albano Hills Italy 1927.jpg",900,{"id":612,"source_url":613,"license_code":385,"credit_html":614,"title":615,"description":616,"author":617,"original_width":618,"original_height":619},21812,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115357410","John Sobolewski (JSS), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=115357410\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Nepheline, Schorlomite-546103.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNepheline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nepheline\">Nepheline\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSchorlomite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Schorlomite\">Schorlomite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jebel Bou-Agrao, Amersid, Aït Oufella Caïdat, Midelt Cercle, Midelt Province, Drâa-Tafilalet Region, Morocco\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: A 6.7 by 3.5 cms mass of crystals on black Schorlomite. JSS specimen and photo.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","John Sobolewski (JSS)",953,638,{"id":621,"source_url":622,"license_code":623,"credit_html":624,"title":625,"description":626,"author":627,"original_width":628,"original_height":629},65375,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163476793","CC0 1.0","Nessa Eull, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163476793\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Jacupirangite (GeoDIL number - 451).jpg","Jacupirangite is a type of ijolite, a term used to refer to any plutonic rock containing nepheline and 30-60% mafic minerals. Jacupirangite is one of the more mafic varieties of ijolite. It is hard to identify minerals in this hand specimen. In thin section this sample appears to be dominated by pyroxene (probably titanaugite). It also contains lesser amounts of nepheline, biotite and magnetite. This sample is 8.5 cm across.","Nessa Eull",2518,1938,[631,637,642,647,652],{"id":632,"url":633,"label":634,"formula":635,"spacegroup":636,"year":278},9856,"\u002Fcif\u002F9856.cif","Antao 2010 · K.716 (Na2.88 Ca.12) Al4 Si4 O16","K.716 (Na2.88 Ca.12) Al4 Si4 O16","P 63",{"id":638,"url":639,"label":640,"formula":641,"spacegroup":636,"year":278},9857,"\u002Fcif\u002F9857.cif","Antao 2010 · K.92 Na3 Al4 Si4 O16","K.92 Na3 Al4 Si4 O16",{"id":643,"url":644,"label":645,"formula":646,"spacegroup":636,"year":278},9858,"\u002Fcif\u002F9858.cif","Antao 2010 · K.778 Na3 Al4 Si2 O18","K.778 Na3 Al4 Si2 O18",{"id":648,"url":649,"label":650,"formula":651,"spacegroup":636,"year":418},9859,"\u002Fcif\u002F9859.cif","Angel 2008","K.57 Na3.24 (Al3.84 Si4.16) O16",{"id":653,"url":654,"label":655,"formula":656,"spacegroup":636,"year":657},9867,"\u002Fcif\u002F9867.cif","Gatta 2007","K.54 Na3.24 Ca.03 Al4 Si4 O16",2007,[659,660,661,662,663,664,665,666,667,668,669,670,671,672,673,674,675,676],"Beudantina","Beudantine","Beudantite (of Covelli)","Carolinit","Carolinita","Carolinite","Cavolinit","Cavolinita","Cavolinite","Fatstone","Fettstein","Gieseckit","Nephelien","Nephelit","Nephelita","Nephelite","Oelstein","Sommite",[678,683,687,691,695,699,703,708,712,716,719,723,727,731,736,742,747,750,753,757,760,766,769,773,776,779,782,786,789,792,796,800,805,808,811,814,817,820,824,827,830,833,837,840,843,846],{"lang":679,"names":680},"ar",[681,682],"نيفليت","نيفيلين",{"lang":684,"names":685},"az",[686],"Nefelin",{"lang":688,"names":689},"be",[690],"Нефелін",{"lang":692,"names":693},"bg",[694],"Нефелин",{"lang":696,"names":697},"ca",[698],"nefelina",{"lang":700,"names":701},"cs",[702],"Nefelín",{"lang":704,"names":705},"de",[706,669,707],"Eläolith","Nephelin",{"lang":709,"names":710},"el",[711],"Νεφελίνης",{"lang":713,"names":714},"eo",[715],"Nefelino",{"lang":717,"names":718},"es",[698],{"lang":720,"names":721},"et",[722],"nefeliin",{"lang":724,"names":725},"eu",[726],"Nefelina",{"lang":728,"names":729},"fa",[730],"نفلین",{"lang":732,"names":733},"fi",[734,735],"Nefeliini","Nefeliitti",{"lang":737,"names":738},"fr",[739,740,741],"Na3KAl4Si4O16","néphéline","néphélite",{"lang":743,"names":744},"he",[745,746],"נפליט","נפלין",{"lang":748,"names":749},"hr",[686],{"lang":751,"names":752},"hu",[686],{"lang":754,"names":755},"hy",[756],"Նեֆելին",{"lang":758,"names":759},"it",[698],{"lang":761,"names":762},"ja",[763,764,765],"カスミ石","ネフェリン","霞石",{"lang":767,"names":768},"kk",[694],{"lang":770,"names":771},"kk-arab",[772],"نەفەلىين",{"lang":774,"names":775},"kk-cn",[772],{"lang":777,"names":778},"kk-cyrl",[694],{"lang":780,"names":781},"kk-kz",[694],{"lang":783,"names":784},"kk-latn",[785],"Nefelïn",{"lang":787,"names":788},"kk-tr",[785],{"lang":790,"names":791},"ky",[694],{"lang":793,"names":794},"lt",[795],"Nefelinas",{"lang":797,"names":798},"nb",[799],"nefelin",{"lang":801,"names":802},"nl",[803,804],"nefelien","nepheline",{"lang":806,"names":807},"nn",[799],{"lang":809,"names":810},"pl",[686],{"lang":812,"names":813},"pt",[698],{"lang":815,"names":816},"ru",[694],{"lang":818,"names":819},"sh",[686],{"lang":821,"names":822},"sr",[823],"нефелин",{"lang":825,"names":826},"sr-ec",[694],{"lang":828,"names":829},"sr-el",[686],{"lang":831,"names":832},"sv",[686],{"lang":834,"names":835},"th",[836],"เนฟิลีน",{"lang":838,"names":839},"uk",[690],{"lang":841,"names":842},"uz",[686],{"lang":844,"names":845},"vi",[707],{"lang":847,"names":848},"zh",[765],"Q407339",{"history":851,"applications":855},{"markdown":852,"model_version":853,"prompt_version":854,"reviewed_at":11},"Drop a clear crystal of nepheline into strong acid and it clouds over within moments. That small trick of chemistry gave the mineral its name. When René Just Haüy described it in 1801, he reached for the Greek *nephele* — cloud — to capture exactly this behaviour[1].\n\nThe cloudiness is not a stain but a transformation. Acid dissolves part of the crystal and leaves behind a gel of silica, the milky haze that fogs the once-clear stone[2]. The reaction is reliable enough that mineralogists still use it in the field to tell nepheline apart from look-alikes.\n\nA second name attached itself to a coarser, greasy-looking form. In 1809 the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth called this variety *elaeolite*, from the Greek words for oil and stone, after its oily sheen and translucence[3]. The two names describe the same species; elaeolite is simply the massive, lustrous habit rather than clear crystals.","claude-opus-4-8","1.7.0",{"markdown":856,"model_version":853,"prompt_version":854,"reviewed_at":11},"Almost nothing industrial is done with a single crystal of nepheline. The value lies in the rock that carries it — *nepheline syenite*, a coarse-grained igneous rock rich in nepheline and feldspar but free of quartz. Quarried and ground, that rock is what reaches the factory floor.\n\nIts biggest job is to replace feldspar in glass and ceramics, where it acts as a flux — a material that lowers the melting point of the batch. Nepheline syenite suits this better than ordinary feldspar because it runs higher in alkali and aluminium and lower in iron and silica[1]. Glassmakers prize its high alumina content and demand very little iron — typical specifications call for more than 23 percent alumina and under 0.1 percent iron oxide[2]. The iron-free grade is the one that lets glass stay clear.\n\nThe same low-iron, high-alumina chemistry makes the ground rock a useful filler. It is added to paints, plastics, foam rubber and coatings, and finds further use in refractories and pigments[3].\n\nIn Russia the picture differs. Nepheline recovered as a by-product of apatite mining on the Kola Peninsula feeds ceramics, leather, rubber, textiles, wood and the oil industry[4]. Nepheline from the Kiya-Shaltyr deposit in the Kemerovo Region is processed as a raw material for aluminium manufacturing[5].\n\nCanada and Norway are the largest producers of nepheline syenite. In 1994 they mined 600,000 and 330,000 tonnes respectively[6]."]