[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:3189":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":8,"polytypeof":8,"groupid":8,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":8,"ima_formula":8,"elements":16,"sigelements":24,"key_elements":8,"impurities":8,"cim":8,"ima_status":25,"ima_notes":8,"ima_history":8,"approval_year":8,"publication_year":8,"discovery_year":8,"strunz10ed1":27,"strunz10ed2":27,"strunz10ed3":27,"strunz10ed4":8,"dana8ed1":8,"dana8ed2":8,"dana8ed3":8,"dana8ed4":8,"csystem":8,"cclass":8,"spacegroup":8,"spacegroupset":27,"a":27,"b":27,"c":27,"alpha":27,"beta":27,"gamma":27,"aerror":8,"berror":8,"cerror":8,"alphaerror":8,"betaerror":8,"gammaerror":8,"va3":8,"z":8,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":8,"twinning":8,"tranglide":8,"parting":8,"epitaxidescription":8,"morphology":8,"tlform":8,"hmin":8,"hmax":8,"hardtype":8,"vhnmin":8,"vhnmax":8,"vhnerror":8,"vhng":8,"vhns":8,"commenthard":8,"dmeas":8,"dmeas2":8,"dcalc":8,"dmeaserror":8,"dcalcerror":8,"commentdense":8,"lustre":8,"lustretype":8,"commentluster":8,"diapheny":8,"streak":8,"colour":8,"commentcolor":8,"colors":8,"streak_colors":8,"luminescence":8,"uv":8,"cleavage":8,"cleavagetype":8,"fracturetype":8,"tenacity":8,"commentbreak":8,"opticaltype":8,"opticalsign":8,"opticalalpha":27,"opticalalpha2":27,"opticalalphaerror":8,"opticalbeta":27,"opticalbeta2":27,"opticalbetaerror":8,"opticalgamma":27,"opticalgamma2":27,"opticalgammaerror":8,"opticalomega":27,"opticalomega2":27,"opticalomegaerror":8,"opticalepsilon":27,"opticalepsilon2":27,"opticalepsilonerror":8,"opticaln":27,"opticaln2":27,"opticalnerror":8,"optical2vcalc":27,"optical2vcalc2":27,"optical2vcalcerror":8,"optical2vmeasured":27,"optical2vmeasured2":27,"optical2vmeasurederror":8,"rimin":8,"rimax":8,"opticaldispersion":8,"opticalpleochroism":8,"opticalpleochorismdesc":8,"opticalbirefringence":8,"opticalcomments":8,"opticalcolour":8,"opticalinternal":8,"opticaltropic":8,"opticalanisotropism":8,"opticalbireflectance":8,"opticalextinction":8,"opticalr":8,"specdispm":8,"ir":8,"electrical":8,"magnetism":8,"thermalbehaviour":8,"other":8,"industrial":8,"occurrence":8,"otheroccurrence":8,"type_specimen_store":8,"description_short":8,"aboutname":28,"rock_parent":8,"rock_parent2":8,"rock_root":29,"rock_bgs_code":8,"meteoritical_code":8,"updttime":30,"reviewed_at":8,"variety_of":31,"varieties":41,"group_members":47,"associates":48,"confused_with":49,"type_localities":50,"occurrence_total":51,"citations":52,"images":134,"structures":135,"synonyms":165,"language_names":168,"wikidata_qid":8,"texts":169},3189,"1:1:3189:5","1a8d162e-d59c-4e73-83f0-7ae4a01e5a3d","Phengite",null,2,"variety",2815,833,false,true,"KAl\u003Csub>1.5\u003C\u002Fsub>(Mg,Fe)\u003Csub>0.5\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>0.5\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>3.5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",[17,18,19,20,21,22,23],"Al","Fe","Mg","Si","O","K","H",[17,19,20,21,22,23],[26],"DISCREDITED","0","Originally named in 1841 by Johann Friedrich August Breithaupt as a group of micas showing biaxial characteristics, and applied as a genus name to all of the known biaxial mica minerals then defined. The origin of the name in German is from \"feurig\" suggesting glowing or fiery, presumably due to the mineral's luster and that property was translated to the Greek φλογερός, also meaning fiery. In 1853, Franz von Kobell discarded phengite as a genus name, partly because binomial nomenclature of minerals had been discarded, and he resurrected the name phengite and defined it as a muscovite with high silica contents, as a way of discussing mica formulas with varying fixed molecular forms. However, James D. Dana criticized the use of phengite in 1854 and von Kobell apparently abandoned the name. Alexander N. Winchell (1925) resurrected phengite in the same manner used by von Kobell in order to assign fixed molecular mixing to account for excess Si substitution in muscovite. Guidotti (1984) and others called slightly hypersilicic muscovite \"phengitic muscovite\" or simply phengite when Si was greater than 3.5 pfu. In 1998, phengite was defined as a high silica variety of muscovite on the chemical join between muscovite, celadonite, and aluminoceladonite, depending on the composition of the octahedral substitutions, but phengite ceased to be considered an end-member composition.",0,"2026-02-27 23:10:12",{"id":11,"name":32,"entrytype":29,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":34,"mindat_formula":35,"hmin":36,"hmax":36,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":38,"strunz10ed1":39,"primary_image_id":40},"Muscovite","Monoclinic","KAl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al)O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","KAl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(AlSi\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",2.5,"2.77","2.83","9",30243,[42],{"id":43,"name":44,"entrytype":9,"csystem":8,"ima_formula":8,"mindat_formula":45,"hmin":8,"hmax":8,"dmeas":27,"dcalc":8,"primary_image_id":46},10003,"Mariposite","K(Al,Cr)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Si)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",66197,[],[],[],[],463,[53,57,62,66,70,74,78,82,86,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,124,129],{"id":54,"year":55,"html":56,"doi":8},16119972,1853,"von Kobell, Franz (1853) \u003Ci>Tafeln zur Bestimmung der Mineralien mittelst einfacher chemischer Versuche auf trockenem und nassem Wege [Tables for the determination of minerals by means of simple dry and wet chemical experiments]\u003C\u002Fi> (5th ed.). J. Lindauer'sche Buchhandlung.",{"id":58,"year":59,"html":60,"doi":61},101288,1879,"Tschermak, G. (1879) Die Glimmergruppe (II. Theil). \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Kristallographie\u003C\u002Fi>,  3 (1). 122-167 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1879.3.1.122'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1879.3.1.122\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1879.3.1.122",{"id":63,"year":64,"html":65,"doi":8},519328,1925,"Winchell, A. N. (1925) Studies in the mica group (abstract) \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  10 (3) 52-53 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM10\u002FAM10_52.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":67,"year":68,"html":69,"doi":8},524031,1964,"Crowley, M. S., Roy, Rustum (1964) Crystalline solubility in the muscovite and phlogopite groups. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  49 (3-4) 348-362 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM49\u002FAM49_348.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":71,"year":72,"html":73,"doi":8},16119975,1965,"Exner, C. (1965): Phengit in Gesteinen der östlichen Hohen Tauern. Carinthia II, 155.\u002F75., 70-80. [http:\u002F\u002Fwww.zobodat.at\u002Fpdf\u002FCAR_155_75_0080-0089.pdf; with info on the history of the mineral name]",{"id":75,"year":76,"html":77,"doi":8},16117992,1967,"Güven, N. (1967) The crystal structure of 2M1 phengite and 2M1 muscovite. Carnegie Inst. Washington Year Book: 66: 487-492.",{"id":79,"year":80,"html":81,"doi":8},16119977,1984,"Bailey, S.W. (1984) Crystal chemistry of the true micas. In S.W. Bailey Ed., Micas, 13: 13-60. Reviews in Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, D.C.",{"id":83,"year":80,"html":84,"doi":85},16119978,"Guidotti, Charles V. (1984) Micas in metamorphic rocks. \u003Ci>Reviews in Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>,  13. 357-468 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1515\u002F9781501508820-014'>doi:10.1515\u002F9781501508820-014\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1515\u002F9781501508820-014",{"id":87,"year":88,"html":89,"doi":90},76055,1987,"Massonne, Hans -Joachim, Schreyer, Werner (1987) Phengite geobarometry based on the limiting assemblage with K-feldspar, phlogopite, and quartz. \u003Ci>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  96 (2) 212-224 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf00375235'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf00375235\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf00375235",{"id":92,"year":93,"html":94,"doi":8},15949274,1998,"Rieder, M., Cavazzini, G., D’Yakonov, Y.S., Frank-Kamenetskii, V.A., Gottardt, G., Guggenheim, S., Koval, P.V., Muller, G., Neiva, A.M.R., Radoslovich, E.W., Robert, J.L., Sassi, F.P., Takeda, H., Weiss, Z., Wones, D.R. (1998) Nomenclature of the micas. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  36 (3) 905-912 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fuploads\u002FCM36_905.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":96,"year":97,"html":98,"doi":99},63352,2000,"Guidotti, C. V., Sassi, F. P., Comodi, P., Zanazzi, P. F., Blencoe, J. G. (2000) The contrasting responses of muscovite and paragonite to increasing pressure: petrological implications. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  38 (3). 707-712 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.38.3.707'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.38.3.707\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002Fcm\u002Fvol38\u002FCM38_707.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgscanmin.38.3.707",{"id":101,"year":102,"html":103,"doi":104},394403,2001,"Schmidt, Max W., Dugnani, Mattia, Artioli, Gilberto (2001) Synthesis and characterization of white micas in the join muscovite–aluminoceladonite. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  86 (4) 555-565 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-2001-0418'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-2001-0418\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-2001-0418",{"id":106,"year":107,"html":108,"doi":109},564018,2002,"Mookherjee, M., Redfern, S. A. T. (2002) A high-temperature Fourier transform infrared study of the interlayer and Si–O-stretching region in phengite-2M1. \u003Ci>Clay Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  37 (2) 323-336 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002F0009855023720036'>doi:10.1180\u002F0009855023720036\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002F0009855023720036",{"id":111,"year":107,"html":112,"doi":113},160395,"Coggon, R., Holland, T. J. B. (2002) Mixing properties of phengitic micas and revised garnet-phengite thermobarometers. \u003Ci>Journal of Metamorphic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  20 (7) 683-696 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1046\u002Fj.1525-1314.2002.00395.x'>doi:10.1046\u002Fj.1525-1314.2002.00395.x\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1046\u002Fj.1525-1314.2002.00395.x",{"id":115,"year":116,"html":117,"doi":118},128531,2006,"Kisch, Hanan J., Sassi, Raffaele, Sassi, Francesco P. (2006) The b0 lattice parameter and chemistry of phengites from HP\u002FLT metapelites. \u003Ci>European Journal of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>,  18 (2) 207-222 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1127\u002F0935-1221\u002F2006\u002F0018-0207'>doi:10.1127\u002F0935-1221\u002F2006\u002F0018-0207\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1127\u002F0935-1221\u002F2006\u002F0018-0207",{"id":120,"year":121,"html":122,"doi":123},395968,2008,"Cibin, G., Cinque, G., Marcelli, A., Mottana, A., Sassi, R. (2008) The octahedral sheet of metamorphic 2M1-phengites: A combined EMPA and AXANES study. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  93 (2) 414-425 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam.2008.2548'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam.2008.2548\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam.2008.2548",{"id":125,"year":126,"html":127,"doi":128},78994,2010,"Auzanneau, Estelle, Schmidt, M. W., Vielzeuf, D., D Connolly, J. A. (2010) Titanium in phengite: a geobarometer for high temperature eclogites. \u003Ci>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  159 (1) 1-24 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00410-009-0412-7'>doi:10.1007\u002Fs00410-009-0412-7\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fs00410-009-0412-7",{"id":130,"year":131,"html":132,"doi":133},238416,2013,"Tappert, Michelle C.; Rivard, Benoit; Giles, David; Tappert, Ralf; Mauger, Alan (2013) The mineral chemistry, near-infrared, and mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy of phengite from the Olympic Dam IOCG deposit, South Australia. \u003Ci>Ore Geology Reviews\u003C\u002Fi>,  53.  \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.oregeorev.2012.12.006'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.oregeorev.2012.12.006\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.oregeorev.2012.12.006",[],[136,142,147,153,159],{"id":137,"url":138,"label":139,"formula":140,"spacegroup":141,"year":102},11032,"\u002Fcif\u002F11032.cif","Mookherjee 2001","K.475 Na.025 Al2.28 Mg.2 Fe.28 Si3.24 O11.96 F.04 H1.96","C 1 2\u002Fc 1",{"id":143,"url":144,"label":145,"formula":146,"spacegroup":141,"year":97},11044,"\u002Fcif\u002F11044.cif","Smyth 2000 · K.964 Al1.368 Mg.73 Fe.038 Si3.808 O11.2 F.8 H1.2","K.964 Al1.368 Mg.73 Fe.038 Si3.808 O11.2 F.8 H1.2",{"id":148,"url":149,"label":150,"formula":151,"spacegroup":152,"year":97},11045,"\u002Fcif\u002F11045.cif","Smyth 2000 · K Al.998 Mg.5 Fe.026 Si3.808 O11.2 F.8 H1.2","K Al.998 Mg.5 Fe.026 Si3.808 O11.2 F.8 H1.2","P 31 1 2",{"id":154,"url":155,"label":156,"formula":157,"spacegroup":141,"year":158},11046,"\u002Fcif\u002F11046.cif","Pavese 1999","K.94 Na.03 Al2.43 Mg.04 Fe.34 Si3.24 O11.88 F.12 H1.88",1999,{"id":160,"url":161,"label":162,"formula":163,"spacegroup":152,"year":164},11048,"\u002Fcif\u002F11048.cif","Pavese 1997","K2 Al2.798 Mg.63 Si3.572 O12 H2",1997,[166,167],"Fengite","Phengit",[],{"history":8,"applications":8}]