[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:3330":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":16,"elements":17,"sigelements":23,"key_elements":11,"impurities":24,"cim":25,"ima_status":26,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":29,"strunz10ed1":30,"strunz10ed2":31,"strunz10ed3":32,"strunz10ed4":33,"dana8ed1":34,"dana8ed2":35,"dana8ed3":36,"dana8ed4":37,"csystem":38,"cclass":39,"spacegroup":40,"spacegroupset":41,"a":42,"b":41,"c":43,"alpha":41,"beta":41,"gamma":41,"aerror":44,"berror":11,"cerror":45,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":11,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":11,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":46,"tlform":11,"hmin":47,"hmax":47,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":41,"vhnmax":41,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":48,"dmeas2":49,"dcalc":50,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":51,"lustretype":52,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":53,"streak":11,"colour":54,"commentcolor":11,"colors":55,"streak_colors":11,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":62,"cleavagetype":63,"fracturetype":64,"tenacity":65,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":66,"opticalsign":67,"opticalalpha":41,"opticalalpha2":41,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":41,"opticalbeta2":41,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":41,"opticalgamma2":41,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":68,"opticalomega2":41,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":69,"opticalepsilon2":41,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":41,"opticaln2":41,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":41,"optical2vcalc2":41,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":41,"optical2vmeasured2":41,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":70,"rimax":71,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":72,"opticalpleochorismdesc":73,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":74,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":75,"aboutname":76,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":77,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":78,"group_members":79,"associates":151,"confused_with":178,"type_localities":179,"occurrence_total":186,"citations":187,"images":264,"structures":379,"synonyms":386,"language_names":389,"wikidata_qid":417,"texts":418},3330,"1:1:3330:1","1741f400-ac47-4a52-9509-3bb9f294444d","Pyroaurite","Pya",0,"mineral",null,29298,2377,false,"Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>[CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>]·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",[18,19,20,21,22],"Fe","Mg","O","C","H",[18,19,20,21,22],"Cr, Al, Mn","11.13.2",[27,28],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1865","5","D","A","50","16b","6","2","3","Trigonal",13,99,"0","3.1094","23.4117",2,9,"Tabular {0001} with lateral faces striated and indistinct. Also occurs thick tabular {0001} with {011¯5} alone, or with {202¯5}.",2.5,"2.1","2.14","2.12","Vitreous","Vitreous,Waxy,Pearly","Transparent","Yellow to brownish-white, white, gray, silver-white, greenish or colourless",[56,57,58,59,60,61],"yellow","white","brown","gray","green","colorless","{0001}","Perfect","Micaceous","brittle","Uniaxial","-","1.564","1.543",1.543,1.564,"Visible","O = pale yellowish, brownish, reddish\r\nE = colourless","In serpentinites and magnesian skarns.","The Fe3+ analogue of hydrotalcite, stichtite and desautelsite, and forms solid solutions with these minerals. \r\n\"Sjögrenite\" is now considered a polytype (Mills et al., 2012) and named pyroaurite-2H.\r\n\r\nSee also the related coalingite and brugnatellite...","Named in 1865 by Lars Johan Igelström from the Greek πυροζ for \"fire\" and the Latin aurum for \"gold\" in allusion to the golden-yellow colour assumed by the mineral on heating at relatively low temperatures. Pyroaurite was first found at \u003Cl id='3167'>Långban, Värmland, Sweden\u003C\u002Fl>. \r\nLater, XRD studies of the type material showed it to contain coexisting hexagonal and rhombohedral phases (Aminoff and Broome 1933). Frondel (1941) reserved the name pyroaurite for the hexagonal phase, and Sjögrenite was introduced for the rhombohedral phase.  \r\nIn 2012, the hydrotalcite super-group was redefined by S. J. Mills, A. G. Christy, J. M. R. Genin, T. Kameda, and F. Colombo. Pyroaurite was redefined incorporating the former sjögrenite with two polytypes, pyroaurite-\u003Cem>3R\u003C\u002Fem> (formerly pyroaurite, sensu lato) and pyroaurite-\u003Cem>2H\u003C\u002Fem> (formerly sjögrenite). Both polytypes may occur in a single crystal, with the 2H phase at the core and the 3R phase at the rim (Almann 1968, cited after Mills et al. 2012).","2025-11-10 14:55:23",[],[80,88,96,103,110,116,122,130,137,144],{"id":81,"name":82,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":83,"mindat_formula":84,"hmin":44,"hmax":44,"dmeas":85,"dcalc":86,"primary_image_id":87},1266,"Desautelsite","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>[CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>]·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.13","2.10",7073,{"id":89,"name":90,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":91,"mindat_formula":92,"hmin":93,"hmax":94,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":95,"primary_image_id":11},35951,"Droninoite","Ni\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Ni\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",1,1.5,"2.857",{"id":97,"name":98,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":99,"mindat_formula":100,"hmin":44,"hmax":44,"dmeas":101,"dcalc":36,"primary_image_id":102},1987,"Hydrotalcite","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>(H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.03",11927,{"id":104,"name":105,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":106,"mindat_formula":107,"hmin":94,"hmax":94,"dmeas":108,"dcalc":41,"primary_image_id":109},2038,"Iowaite","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.11",12283,{"id":111,"name":112,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":113,"mindat_formula":114,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":115,"primary_image_id":11},55607,"Kaznakhtite","Ni\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Co\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Ni\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Co\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.864",{"id":117,"name":118,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":119,"mindat_formula":120,"hmin":44,"hmax":44,"dmeas":41,"dcalc":41,"primary_image_id":121},2628,"Meixnerite","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",15755,{"id":123,"name":124,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":125,"mindat_formula":126,"hmin":44,"hmax":44,"dmeas":127,"dcalc":128,"primary_image_id":129},3383,"Reevesite","Ni\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Ni\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.80","2.83",20685,{"id":131,"name":132,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":133,"mindat_formula":134,"hmin":94,"hmax":44,"dmeas":135,"dcalc":108,"primary_image_id":136},3784,"Stichtite","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Cr\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Cr\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>[CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>]·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.16",3717,{"id":138,"name":139,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":140,"mindat_formula":141,"hmin":44,"hmax":44,"dmeas":127,"dcalc":142,"primary_image_id":143},3874,"Takovite","Ni\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Ni\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>[CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>]·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.95",23503,{"id":145,"name":146,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":147,"mindat_formula":148,"hmin":94,"hmax":44,"dmeas":149,"dcalc":150,"primary_image_id":11},10319,"Woodallite","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Cr\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Mg\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Cr\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.062","2.023",[152,161,169],{"id":153,"name":154,"entrytype":9,"csystem":155,"ima_formula":156,"mindat_formula":156,"hmin":157,"hmax":157,"dmeas":158,"dcalc":159,"primary_image_id":160},122,"Allactite","Monoclinic","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>",4.5,"3.83","3.94",710,{"id":162,"name":163,"entrytype":9,"csystem":155,"ima_formula":164,"mindat_formula":165,"hmin":47,"hmax":47,"dmeas":166,"dcalc":167,"primary_image_id":168},377,"Artinite","Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · 3H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·3H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.01","2.047",2121,{"id":170,"name":171,"entrytype":9,"csystem":155,"ima_formula":172,"mindat_formula":173,"hmin":174,"hmax":174,"dmeas":175,"dcalc":176,"primary_image_id":177},1979,"Hydromagnesite","Mg\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Mg\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",3.5,"2.24","2.25",11889,[],[180],{"id":181,"txt":182,"latitude":183,"longitude":184,"country":185},3167,"Långban Mine, Långban Ore District, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden",59.8553767,14.2648029,"Sweden",90,[188,191,195,199,203,207,211,216,221,226,231,236,241,245,250,254,259],{"id":189,"year":11,"html":190,"doi":11},16112528,"Processi verbali della Società Toscana di scienze naturali in Pisa: 24: 92-105.",{"id":192,"year":193,"html":194,"doi":11},16513480,1865,"Igelström, L.J.  (1865) Nya och sällsynta mineralier från Vermlands och Örebro län. \u003Ci>Öfversigt af Kongl. vetenskaps-akademiens förhandlingar\u003C\u002Fi>, 22 (9) 605-611",{"id":196,"year":197,"html":198,"doi":11},16121162,1930,"Comucci, P. (1930) Ricerche sulla struttura della piroaurite. Periodico di Mineralogia - Roma: 143-148.",{"id":200,"year":201,"html":202,"doi":11},18033719,1931,"Aminoff, G. (1931) Contributions to the mineralogy of Långban. III. Contributions to the knowledge of the mineral pyroaurite (together with B. Broomé). \u003Ci>Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar\u003C\u002Fi>,  S. 3 Vol. 9 (5). 23-48",{"id":204,"year":205,"html":206,"doi":11},521133,1941,"Frondel, Clifford (1941) Constitution and polymorphism of the pyroaurite and sjögrenite groups. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  26 (5) 295-315 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM26\u002FAM26_295.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":208,"year":209,"html":210,"doi":11},1118651,1944,"Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.",{"id":212,"year":213,"html":214,"doi":215},6109,1967,"Ingram, L., Taylor, H. F. W. (1967) The crystal structures of sjögrenite and pyroaurite. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  36 (280) 465-479 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1967.036.280.01'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1967.036.280.01\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_36\u002F36-280-465.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1967.036.280.01",{"id":217,"year":218,"html":219,"doi":220},218791,1968,"Allmann, R. (1968) The crystal structure of pyroaurite. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  24 (7) 972-977 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0567740868003511'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0567740868003511\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0567740868003511",{"id":222,"year":223,"html":224,"doi":225},6293,1969,"Taylor, H. F. W. (1969) Segregation and cation-ordering in sjögrenite and pyroaurite. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine\u003C\u002Fi>,  37 (287) 338-342 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1969.037.287.04'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1969.037.287.04\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_37\u002F37-287-338.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1969.037.287.04",{"id":227,"year":228,"html":229,"doi":230},6708,1973,"Taylor, H. F. W. (1973) Crystal structures of some double hydroxide                         minerals. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine\u003C\u002Fi>,  39 (304). 377-389 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1973.039.304.01'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1973.039.304.01\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_39\u002F39-304-377.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1973.039.304.01",{"id":232,"year":233,"html":234,"doi":235},111549,1988,"Delnavaz, H.; Allmann, R. (1988) Synthesen von Fe-Brucit, Coalingit und Pyroaurit im System MgO- Fe-O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>-H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O-(CO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>). \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Kristallographie\u003C\u002Fi>,  183 (1-4). 175-178 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1988.183.14.175'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1988.183.14.175\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1988.183.14.175",{"id":237,"year":238,"html":239,"doi":240},563149,1991,"Taylor, R. M., Hansen, H. C. B., Stanger, G., Bender Koch, C. (1991) On the genesis and composition of natural pyroaurite. \u003Ci>Clay Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  26 (3) 297-309 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fclaymin.1991.026.3.01'>doi:10.1180\u002Fclaymin.1991.026.3.01\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fclaymin.1991.026.3.01",{"id":242,"year":243,"html":244,"doi":11},16121168,1994,"Olowe, A. (1994) Re: Crystal structures of pyroaurite and sjoegrenite. Advances in X-ray Analysis: 38: 749-755.",{"id":246,"year":247,"html":248,"doi":249},10362996,1995,"Bruun Hansen, Hans Christian, Koch, Christian Bender (1995) Synthesis and characterization of pyroaurite. \u003Ci>Applied Clay Science\u003C\u002Fi>, 10. 5-19 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0169-1317(95)00014-u'>doi:10.1016\u002F0169-1317(95)00014-u\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0169-1317(95)00014-u",{"id":251,"year":252,"html":253,"doi":11},16966863,2005,"(2005) Pyroaurite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fpyroaurite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":255,"year":256,"html":257,"doi":258},244281,2012,"Mills, S. J.; Christy, A. G.; Génin, J.-M. R.; Kameda, T.; Colombo, F. (2012) Nomenclature of the hydrotalcite supergroup: natural layered double hydroxides. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine\u003C\u002Fi>,  76 (5). 1289-1336 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.2012.076.5.10'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.2012.076.5.10\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.2012.076.5.10",{"id":260,"year":261,"html":262,"doi":263},19986,2017,"Zhitova, E. S., Ivanyuk, G. Yu., Krivovichev, S. V., Yakovenchuk, V. N., Pakhomovsky, Ya. A., Mikhailova, Yu. A. (2017) Crystal Chemistry of Pyroaurite from the Kovdor Pluton, Kola Peninsula, Russia, and the Långban Fe–Mn deposit, Värmland, Sweden. \u003Ci>Geology of Ore Deposits\u003C\u002Fi>,  59 (7) 652-661 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1134\u002Fs1075701517070121'>doi:10.1134\u002Fs1075701517070121\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1134\u002Fs1075701517070121",[265,275,282,291,296,301,309,315,321,327,333,341,346,355,365,373],{"id":266,"source_url":267,"license_code":268,"credit_html":269,"title":270,"description":271,"author":272,"original_width":273,"original_height":274},20246,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3093456","CC BY-SA 3.0","Aangelo, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3093456\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Piroaurite - Val d'Astico, Veneto, Italia 01.jpg","Pyroaurite - Val d'Astico, Vicenza, Veneto, Italy","Aangelo",3264,2448,{"id":276,"source_url":277,"license_code":278,"credit_html":279,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":280,"original_height":281},30544,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164767","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164767\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,590,{"id":283,"source_url":284,"license_code":268,"credit_html":285,"title":286,"description":287,"author":288,"original_width":289,"original_height":290},20247,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10138407","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10138407\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Sjogrenite-Pyroaurite-112559.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSj%C3%B6grenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sjögrenite\">Sjögrenite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyroaurite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyroaurite\">Pyroaurite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Palabora mine, Loolekop, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPhalaborwa\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Phalaborwa\">Phalaborwa\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLimpopo\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Limpopo\">Limpopo Province\u003C\u002Fa>, South Africa (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3091.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>The sjögrenite\u002Fpyroaurite is green, so that’s the small green crystals – the two species are polymorphous so only an XRD or EDS can tell the difference. The orange coloured platy crystals are a weird phlogopite, I am told. Marty's label indicated sjogrenite first in capital letters, indicating he probably got it from somebody who knew which was predominant. Even from Langban, this would be a good specimen for the species with bright lustre and good-sized crystals. From South Africa...a very interesting specimen as I cannot find reference to the species occuring in South Africa yet, on MinDat (but it was verified by Dr. Bruce Cairncross via email, and he has similar examples). Palabora is a copper mine in the north-eastern corner of South Africa, close to the Mozambique and Zimbabwe borders. 6 x 3.4 x 2.6 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",600,406,{"id":292,"source_url":293,"license_code":278,"credit_html":294,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":295,"original_height":280},30545,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164765","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164765\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",735,{"id":297,"source_url":298,"license_code":278,"credit_html":299,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":280,"original_height":300},30546,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164766","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164766\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",608,{"id":302,"source_url":303,"license_code":268,"credit_html":304,"title":305,"description":306,"author":288,"original_width":307,"original_height":308},20249,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443577","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443577\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyroaurite-4mc16b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyroaurite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyroaurite\">Pyroaurite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FL%C3%A5ngban\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Långban\">Långban\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFilipstad\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Filipstad\">Filipstad\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FV%C3%A4rmland\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Värmland\">Värmland\u003C\u002Fa>, Sweden (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3167.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 1.9 X 1 X .2 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>PYROAURITE\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Flat crystal of enormous size for the species, with no matrix except a chalky coating on the backside\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",269,360,{"id":310,"source_url":311,"license_code":278,"credit_html":312,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":313,"original_height":314},30547,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164855","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164855\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",838,921,{"id":316,"source_url":317,"license_code":268,"credit_html":318,"title":319,"description":306,"author":288,"original_width":320,"original_height":308},20250,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443578","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443578\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyroaurite-4mc16c.jpg",258,{"id":322,"source_url":323,"license_code":278,"credit_html":324,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":325,"original_height":326},30548,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164048","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F164048\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",768,614,{"id":328,"source_url":329,"license_code":268,"credit_html":330,"title":331,"description":306,"author":288,"original_width":308,"original_height":332},20251,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443581","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443581\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyroaurite-4mc16a.jpg",231,{"id":334,"source_url":335,"license_code":268,"credit_html":336,"title":337,"description":338,"author":288,"original_width":339,"original_height":340},20252,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453263","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453263\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyroaurite-Sjogrenite-mrz144a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyroaurite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyroaurite\">Pyroaurite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSjogrenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sjogrenite\">Sjogrenite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Palabora mine, Loolekop, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPhalaborwa\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Phalaborwa\">Phalaborwa\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLimpopo\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Limpopo\">Limpopo Province\u003C\u002Fa>, South Africa (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3091.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 6 x 3.4 x 2.6 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Sjogrenite with Pyroaurite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>The sjogrenite\u002FPyroaurite is green, so that�s the small green crystals � the two species are polymorphous so only an XRD or EDS can tell the difference. The orange coloured platy crystals are a weird phlogopite, I am told. Marty's label indicated sjogrenite first in capital letters, indicating he probably got it from somebody who knew which was predominant. Even from Langban, this would be a good specimen for the species with bright lustre and good-sized crystals. From South Africa...a very interesting specimen as I cannot find reference to the species occuring in South Africa yet, on MinDat (but it was verified by Dr. Bruce Cairncross via email, and he has similar examples). Palabora is a copper mine in the north-eastern corner of South Africa, close to the Mozambique and Zimbabwe borders.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",400,295,{"id":342,"source_url":343,"license_code":268,"credit_html":344,"title":345,"description":338,"author":288,"original_width":289,"original_height":290},20253,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453264","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453264\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyroaurite-Sjogrenite-mrz144b.jpg",{"id":347,"source_url":348,"license_code":268,"credit_html":349,"title":350,"description":351,"author":352,"original_width":353,"original_height":354},75792,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20523507","Chris857, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20523507\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyroaurite.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyroaurite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:Pyroaurite\">Pyroaurite\u003C\u002Fa> from \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLangban\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:Langban\">Langban\u003C\u002Fa>, Varland, Sweden. Held in the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FA._E._Seaman_Mineral_Museum\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:A. E. Seaman Mineral Museum\">A. E. Seaman Mineral Museum\u003C\u002Fa>.","Chris857",2254,2266,{"id":356,"source_url":357,"license_code":358,"credit_html":359,"title":360,"description":361,"author":362,"original_width":363,"original_height":364},75795,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163479181","CC0 1.0","Darla Sondrol, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163479181\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyroaurite (GeoDIL number - 823).jpg","Pyroaurite, is a magnesium iron hydroxycarbonatehydrate and has the chemical formula of Mg6Fe2(OH)16CO3·4H2O. It most commonly occurs as a secondary mineral, forming in veins or coatings associated with Mg-rich rocks. The largest of the pieces shown is 1 cm across. This specimen comes from a mine near Langban, Sweden.","Darla Sondrol",1816,1424,{"id":366,"source_url":367,"license_code":268,"credit_html":368,"title":369,"description":370,"author":288,"original_width":371,"original_height":372},20248,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174396","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174396\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyroaurite-Pyrochroite-290456.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyroaurite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyroaurite\">Pyroaurite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrochroite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrochroite\">Pyrochroite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FL%C3%A5ngban\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Långban\">Långban\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFilipstad\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Filipstad\">Filipstad\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FV%C3%A4rmland\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Värmland\">Värmland\u003C\u002Fa>, Sweden (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3167.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 9.6 x 7.2 x 1.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Pearlescent, tan blades of pyroaurite are richly scattered amongst black pyrochroite crystals on calcite matrix on this excellent combination specimen from the world-famous Langban deposit. Pyroaurite is a rare hydrated magnesium, iron carbonate and Langban is the Type Locality. This is a very rich example of pyroaurite in combination from the Dr. Mark Feinglos Collection, a noted rarities collector.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",465,349,{"id":374,"source_url":375,"license_code":268,"credit_html":376,"title":377,"description":370,"author":288,"original_width":371,"original_height":378},20259,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174394","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174394\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyroaurite-Pyrochroite-290455.jpg",353,[380],{"id":381,"url":382,"label":383,"formula":384,"spacegroup":385,"year":213},11595,"\u002Fcif\u002F11595.cif","Ingram 1967","(Mg.75 Fe.25) C.125 O2.875 H3","R 3 m",[387,388],"Igelströmite (of Heddle)","Pyroauriet",[390,394,398,402,406,409,413],{"lang":391,"names":392},"az",[393],"Piroaurit",{"lang":395,"names":396},"ca",[397],"piroaurita",{"lang":399,"names":400},"de",[401],"Pyroaurit",{"lang":403,"names":404},"es",[405],"Piroaurita",{"lang":407,"names":408},"eu",[405],{"lang":410,"names":411},"it",[412,7],"Piroaurite",{"lang":414,"names":415},"uk",[416],"Піроаурит","Q3905635",{"history":11,"applications":11}]