[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:35845":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":8,"synid":8,"polytypeof":8,"groupid":8,"weighting":11,"nolocadd":12,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":8,"mindat_formula_note":8,"ima_formula":8,"elements":8,"sigelements":8,"key_elements":8,"impurities":8,"cim":8,"ima_status":8,"ima_notes":8,"ima_history":8,"approval_year":8,"publication_year":8,"discovery_year":8,"strunz10ed1":14,"strunz10ed2":14,"strunz10ed3":14,"strunz10ed4":8,"dana8ed1":8,"dana8ed2":8,"dana8ed3":8,"dana8ed4":8,"csystem":15,"cclass":8,"spacegroup":8,"spacegroupset":14,"a":8,"b":8,"c":8,"alpha":8,"beta":8,"gamma":8,"aerror":8,"berror":8,"cerror":8,"alphaerror":8,"betaerror":8,"gammaerror":8,"va3":8,"z":8,"csmetamict":12,"commentcrystal":8,"twinning":8,"tranglide":8,"parting":8,"epitaxidescription":8,"morphology":8,"tlform":8,"hmin":8,"hmax":8,"hardtype":8,"vhnmin":8,"vhnmax":8,"vhnerror":8,"vhng":8,"vhns":8,"commenthard":8,"dmeas":8,"dmeas2":8,"dcalc":8,"dmeaserror":8,"dcalcerror":8,"commentdense":8,"lustre":8,"lustretype":8,"commentluster":8,"diapheny":8,"streak":8,"colour":16,"commentcolor":8,"colors":8,"streak_colors":8,"luminescence":8,"uv":8,"cleavage":8,"cleavagetype":8,"fracturetype":8,"tenacity":8,"commentbreak":8,"opticaltype":8,"opticalsign":8,"opticalalpha":8,"opticalalpha2":8,"opticalalphaerror":8,"opticalbeta":8,"opticalbeta2":8,"opticalbetaerror":8,"opticalgamma":8,"opticalgamma2":8,"opticalgammaerror":8,"opticalomega":8,"opticalomega2":8,"opticalomegaerror":8,"opticalepsilon":8,"opticalepsilon2":8,"opticalepsilonerror":8,"opticaln":8,"opticaln2":8,"opticalnerror":8,"optical2vcalc":8,"optical2vcalc2":8,"optical2vcalcerror":8,"optical2vmeasured":8,"optical2vmeasured2":8,"optical2vmeasurederror":8,"rimin":8,"rimax":8,"opticaldispersion":8,"opticalpleochroism":8,"opticalpleochorismdesc":8,"opticalbirefringence":8,"opticalcomments":8,"opticalcolour":8,"opticalinternal":8,"opticaltropic":8,"opticalanisotropism":8,"opticalbireflectance":8,"opticalextinction":8,"opticalr":8,"specdispm":8,"ir":8,"electrical":8,"magnetism":8,"thermalbehaviour":8,"other":8,"industrial":8,"occurrence":8,"otheroccurrence":17,"type_specimen_store":8,"description_short":8,"aboutname":18,"rock_parent":8,"rock_parent2":8,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":8,"meteoritical_code":8,"updttime":19,"reviewed_at":8,"variety_of":8,"varieties":20,"group_members":38,"associates":39,"confused_with":77,"type_localities":78,"occurrence_total":79,"citations":80,"images":115,"structures":232,"synonyms":233,"language_names":238,"wikidata_qid":8,"texts":239},35845,"1:1:35845:3","363ceabe-bf5b-486f-968c-848cf37e11c1","Pyrobitumen",null,0,"mineral",1198,false,true,"0","Amorphous","black","Ancient sedimentary rocks, and remobilized in hydrothermal ore deposits. Also frequent as inclusions in quartz crystals, especially those of the \"herkimer-type\" from dolomitized rocks.","According to Wikipedia, the expression \"bitumen\" originated in the Sanskrit words jatu, meaning \"pitch,\" and jatu-krit, meaning \"pitch creating\" or \"pitch producing\" (referring to coniferous or resinous trees). The Latin equivalent is claimed by some to be originally gwitu-men (pertaining to pitch), and by others, pixtumens (exuding or bubbling pitch), which was subsequently shortened to bitumen, thence passing via French into English. From the same root are derived the Anglo-Saxon word \"cwidu\" (mastix), the German word \"Kitt\" (cement or mastic), and the Old Norse word \"kvada.\"","2026-03-03 13:42:26",[21,27,30,34],{"id":22,"name":23,"entrytype":24,"csystem":8,"ima_formula":8,"mindat_formula":8,"hmin":25,"hmax":25,"dmeas":26,"dcalc":14,"primary_image_id":8},25570,"Albertite",2,2.5,"1.097",{"id":28,"name":29,"entrytype":24,"csystem":8,"ima_formula":8,"mindat_formula":8,"hmin":8,"hmax":8,"dmeas":14,"dcalc":14,"primary_image_id":8},11115,"Impsonite",{"id":31,"name":32,"entrytype":24,"csystem":8,"ima_formula":8,"mindat_formula":8,"hmin":8,"hmax":8,"dmeas":14,"dcalc":14,"primary_image_id":33},11040,"Shungite (1)",79355,{"id":35,"name":36,"entrytype":24,"csystem":8,"ima_formula":8,"mindat_formula":8,"hmin":8,"hmax":8,"dmeas":14,"dcalc":14,"primary_image_id":37},3954,"Thucholite",89448,[],[40,50,59,69],{"id":41,"name":42,"entrytype":9,"csystem":43,"ima_formula":44,"mindat_formula":45,"hmin":46,"hmax":46,"dmeas":47,"dcalc":48,"primary_image_id":49},859,"Calcite","Trigonal","Ca(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","CaCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",3,"2.7102","2.711",4401,{"id":51,"name":52,"entrytype":9,"csystem":43,"ima_formula":53,"mindat_formula":53,"hmin":54,"hmax":55,"dmeas":56,"dcalc":57,"primary_image_id":58},1304,"Dolomite","CaMg(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",3.5,4,"2.84","2.876",5744,{"id":60,"name":61,"entrytype":9,"csystem":62,"ima_formula":63,"mindat_formula":63,"hmin":64,"hmax":65,"dmeas":66,"dcalc":67,"primary_image_id":68},3314,"Pyrite","Isometric","FeS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",6,6.5,"4.8","5.01",20239,{"id":70,"name":71,"entrytype":9,"csystem":43,"ima_formula":72,"mindat_formula":72,"hmin":73,"hmax":73,"dmeas":74,"dcalc":75,"primary_image_id":76},3337,"Quartz","SiO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",7,"2.65","2.66",30579,[],[],150,[81,85,89,93,97,101,106,110],{"id":82,"year":83,"html":84,"doi":8},16141593,1908,"Lohest, M. (1908) Note sur quelques échantillons d'anthracite. Annales de la Société géologique de Belgique, 36, 129.",{"id":86,"year":87,"html":88,"doi":8},16141594,1954,"Dunn, J., Fisher, D. (1954) Occurrence, properties and paragenesis of anthraxolite in the Mohawk Valley. American Journal of Science, 252.",{"id":90,"year":91,"html":92,"doi":8},16133619,1964,"Mueller, G. (1964) Report of the Twenty-Second Session India 1964. \u003Ci>International Geological Congress\u003C\u002Fi>,  1. [article name not recorded]. 46",{"id":94,"year":95,"html":96,"doi":8},16008361,1976,"Robertson, J.A. (1976) The Blind River Uranium Deposits: the ores and their setting. (Ontario Division of Mines, Miscellaneous paper 65)",{"id":98,"year":99,"html":100,"doi":8},528544,1988,"Parnell, John (1988) Native platinum in pyrobitumen from Fonda, New York. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  73 (9-10) 1170-1171 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM73\u002FAM73_1170.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":102,"year":103,"html":104,"doi":105},4253582,1995,"Heymann, D. (1995) Search for ancient fullerenes in anthraxolite, shungite, and thucolite. \u003Ci>Carbon\u003C\u002Fi>, 33. 237-239 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0008-6223(95)92804-n'>doi:10.1016\u002F0008-6223(95)92804-n\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0008-6223(95)92804-n",{"id":107,"year":108,"html":109,"doi":8},16009040,2006,"Wilson, N.S.F. & Zentilli, M. (2006) International Journal of Coal Geology, 65, 158-169.",{"id":111,"year":112,"html":113,"doi":114},298217,2015,"Fuchs, S., Schumann, D., Williams-Jones, A.E., Vali, H. (2015) The growth and concentration of uranium and titanium minerals in hydrocarbons of the Carbon Leader Reef, Witwatersrand Supergroup, South Africa. \u003Ci>Chemical Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  393. 55-66 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.chemgeo.2014.11.018'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.chemgeo.2014.11.018\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.chemgeo.2014.11.018",[116,126,136,146,154,161,169,176,183,190,197,204,211,218,225],{"id":117,"source_url":118,"license_code":119,"credit_html":120,"title":121,"description":122,"author":123,"original_width":124,"original_height":125},20257,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118192435","CC BY-SA 2.0","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118192435\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyrobitumen (49055945992).jpg","\u003Cp>Uranium City\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nSaskatchewan, Canada","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada",4000,6000,{"id":127,"source_url":128,"license_code":129,"credit_html":130,"title":131,"description":132,"author":133,"original_width":134,"original_height":135},75801,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=110017732","CC BY 2.0","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=110017732\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Shungite (Zaonezhskaya Formation, middle Paleoproterozoic, 1.98-2.09 Ga; Shun'ga River area, northwestern Russia) 17.jpg","Shungite from the Precambrian of Russia.\n\u003Cp>Shungite is a rare type of asphaltite from Russia.  It is composed of noncrystalline, non-graphitized carbon.  It occurs in the upper Zaonezhskaya Formation, a Precambrian-aged platform succession of sedimentary rocks.  In the unit, this unusual material occurs as stratiform shungite, diapiric shungite, redeposited clastic\u002Fdetrital shungite, and vein shungite.  The specific origin is uncertain - the literature refers to shungite as either pyrobitumen or Precambrian coal or carbonized hydrocarbons or highly-evolved bitumen.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Shungite is black-colored, slightly lightweight for its size and varies from dull lustered to glassy-lustered.  The latter variety looks somewhat like obsidian and is called \"elite shungite\" or \"noble shungite\" by rockhounds - it is rare and ~98% carbon (see photos elsewhere in this album).  The specimen seen here is ordinary shungite - a brecciated texture is present.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Host unit: Zaonezhskaya Formation, Ludikovi Group, middle Paleoproterozoic, 1.98 to 2.09 Ga; greenschist-facies metamorphism at 1.8 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: unrecorded locaity in the shungite mining field, northern Lake Onega area, southern Karelia Republic, south of the White Sea, southeastern Fennoscandian Shield, northwestern Russia","James St. John",3501,2379,{"id":137,"source_url":138,"license_code":139,"credit_html":140,"title":141,"description":142,"author":143,"original_width":144,"original_height":145},1562,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=36543779","Public domain","John Krygier, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=36543779\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Calcite, variety Anthraconite-386096.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>, variety Anthraconite\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: image 1.75\" of the 3\" x 2\" x 1.5\" specimen\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Squaw Bay, Alpena County, Michigan, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Oil-brown anthraconite, a variety of calcite with oil inclusions. Known as \"stinkstone\" as it smells of oil when struck or broken. Old collection specimen.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","John Krygier",1024,768,{"id":147,"source_url":148,"license_code":129,"credit_html":149,"title":150,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":152,"original_height":153},1564,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810193","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810193\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 10.jpg","Anthraxolite from the Precambrian of Ontario, Canada.\n\u003Cp>Anthraxolite is a carbon-rich rock that has historically been mistaken for anthracite coal.  This example is from Ontario's Sudbury Impact Basin, which formed about 1.85 billion years ago.  In the area, anthraxolite veins occur intruding somewhat metamorposed sedimentary rocks of the Onwatin Formation.  Like anthracite, anthraxolite will burn in a fire, but leaves much ash after burning (ash is microscopic mineral matter in coal or coal-like rocks that does not burn).\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The geologic origin of anthraxolite in the Sudbury Basin is unresolved - many hypotheses have been proposed.  Published analyses of anthraxolite veins suggest they formed by metamorphic mobilizaation of carbon from the underlying Black Member of the Onaping Formation.  Mobilization apparently occurred near the end of the Penokean Orogeny, at about 1.7 billion years ago.  The carbon in rocks of the Black Member is thought to be derived from microbial blooms in the water-filled Sudury Basin, not long after the impact event.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Geologic context: anthraxolite-rich vein in the Onwatin Formation, middle Whitewater Group, upper Paleoproterozoic; vein emplacement apparently at ~1.7 Ga\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Label; Onwatin Fm., middle Whitewater Gp., upper PP, between 1.74 & 1.85 Ga)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nLocality: undisclosed site in the Sudbury Impact Basin, southeastern Ontario, southeastern Canada",2438,2237,{"id":155,"source_url":156,"license_code":129,"credit_html":157,"title":158,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":159,"original_height":160},1565,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810200","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810200\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 8.jpg",3124,2601,{"id":162,"source_url":163,"license_code":129,"credit_html":164,"title":165,"description":166,"author":133,"original_width":167,"original_height":168},75797,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=96759628","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=96759628\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Petroliferous calcite in dolostone matrix (Serpent Mound Impact Structure, southern Ohio, USA) 7.jpg","A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.  At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical.  Currently, there are over 5600 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common.  Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry.  Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.\n\u003Cp>The carbonate minerals all contain one or more carbonate (CO3-2) anions.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Calcite is a common mineral.  It is calcium carbonate (CaCO3).  It has a nonmetallic luster, commonly clearish to whitish to yellowish to grayish in color, is moderately soft (H≡3), moderately light-weight, has hexagonal crystals, and rhombohedral cleavage (three cleavage planes at 75º & 105º angles - cleavage pieces look like lopsided boxes).  The easiest way to identify calcite is to drop acid on it - it easily bubbles (effervesces) in acid.  The bubbles are carbon dioxide gas.  If the acid is dilute hydrochloric acid, the chemical reaction is:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2HCl(aq) + CaCO3(s) -->> CO2(g)↑ + H2O(l) + CaCl2(aq)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The most important & voluminous calcitic rocks in the world are limestone (sedimentary), marble (metamorphic), carbonatite (igneous), and travertine (speleothem, or \"cave formations\", and many hotspring deposits).  Many hydrothermal veins in the world are calcitic or have calcite as a principal component.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The calcite sample seen here occurs within the deeply eroded Serpent Mound Impact Structure in southern Ohio.  The youngest disturbed rocks I have observed in the structure are in the Berea Sandstone (uppermost Devonian to lowermost Mississippian).  Paleomagnetic dating by the Ohio Geological Survey has indicated that the Serpent Mound Impact occurred during the Pennsylvanian or Permian.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>At this site, the calcite has dark to black colored petroliferous material (somewhat anthraxolite-like).  Samples from here reportedly include fluorescent calcite with up to 5 different colors of luminescence.  About half of a sampling taken from here has no luminescence, while the other half has dark red fluorescence with blue spots & phosphorescence for a few seconds.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Geologic context: calcite in Silurian dolostone breccia\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Locality: weathered, low-lying exposure on the western side of Horner Chapel Road, Bratton Township, northern Adams County, Serpent Mound Impact Structure, southern Ohio, USA (39° 01’ 55.80\" North latitude, 83° 25' 16.80\" West longitude)\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Photo gallery of calcite:\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nwww.mindat.org\u002Fgallery.php?min=859",3149,2304,{"id":170,"source_url":171,"license_code":129,"credit_html":172,"title":173,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":174,"original_height":175},1566,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810201","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810201\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 7.jpg",2122,2634,{"id":177,"source_url":178,"license_code":129,"credit_html":179,"title":180,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":181,"original_height":182},1563,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810191","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810191\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 9.jpg",2819,2629,{"id":184,"source_url":185,"license_code":129,"credit_html":186,"title":187,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":188,"original_height":189},20258,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810205","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810205\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 5.jpg",3074,2420,{"id":191,"source_url":192,"license_code":129,"credit_html":193,"title":194,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":195,"original_height":196},1567,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810207","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810207\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 3.jpg",2832,2569,{"id":198,"source_url":199,"license_code":129,"credit_html":200,"title":201,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":202,"original_height":203},33226,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810192","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810192\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 11.jpg",2781,2441,{"id":205,"source_url":206,"license_code":129,"credit_html":207,"title":208,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":209,"original_height":210},1568,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810214","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810214\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 2.jpg",3024,2409,{"id":212,"source_url":213,"license_code":129,"credit_html":214,"title":215,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":216,"original_height":217},33227,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810202","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810202\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 6.jpg",3053,2353,{"id":219,"source_url":220,"license_code":129,"credit_html":221,"title":222,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":223,"original_height":224},33228,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810206","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810206\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 4.jpg",2678,2617,{"id":226,"source_url":227,"license_code":129,"credit_html":228,"title":229,"description":151,"author":133,"original_width":230,"original_height":231},1569,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810215","James St. John, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=131810215\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anthraxolite (vein in the Onwatin Formation, Paleoproterozoic, ~1.7 Ga; Sudbury, Ontario, Canada) 1.jpg",3150,2583,[],[234,235,236,237],"Anthraxolit","Anthraxolite","Grahamite","Pirobitumen",[],{"history":8,"applications":8}]