[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:3486":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":16,"ima_formula":15,"elements":17,"sigelements":20,"key_elements":21,"impurities":22,"cim":23,"ima_status":24,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":27,"strunz10ed1":28,"strunz10ed2":29,"strunz10ed3":30,"strunz10ed4":31,"dana8ed1":28,"dana8ed2":28,"dana8ed3":32,"dana8ed4":32,"csystem":33,"cclass":34,"spacegroup":35,"spacegroupset":36,"a":37,"b":36,"c":38,"alpha":36,"beta":36,"gamma":36,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":39,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":40,"tranglide":11,"parting":41,"epitaxidescription":42,"morphology":43,"tlform":11,"hmin":44,"hmax":45,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":46,"vhnmax":47,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":48,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":49,"dmeas2":49,"dcalc":50,"dmeaserror":39,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":51,"lustretype":52,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":53,"streak":54,"colour":55,"commentcolor":11,"colors":56,"streak_colors":65,"luminescence":66,"uv":11,"cleavage":67,"cleavagetype":68,"fracturetype":69,"tenacity":70,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":71,"opticalsign":72,"opticalalpha":36,"opticalalpha2":36,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":36,"opticalbeta2":36,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":36,"opticalgamma2":36,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":73,"opticalomega2":74,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":75,"opticalepsilon2":76,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":36,"opticaln2":36,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":36,"optical2vcalc2":36,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":36,"optical2vmeasured2":36,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":77,"rimax":78,"opticaldispersion":79,"opticalpleochroism":80,"opticalpleochorismdesc":81,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":82,"opticalanisotropism":79,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":83,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":84,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":85,"aboutname":86,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":87,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":88,"group_members":110,"associates":155,"confused_with":256,"type_localities":272,"occurrence_total":277,"citations":278,"images":496,"structures":1052,"synonyms":1078,"language_names":1104,"wikidata_qid":1345,"texts":1346},3486,"1:1:3486:5","c7e837a5-defc-41fa-b046-d464b16a741f","Rutile","Rt",0,"mineral",null,29330,61142,false,"TiO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","May contain trace to considerable amounts of various metals (Nb, W, Fe, Cr, V, Ca, ...). The mechanism for W, Fe, Cr and V was studied by Majzlan et al. (2021). A solid-solution series exists with squawcreekite, FeSbO4 (Cabella et al., 2003).",[18,19],"Ti","O",[18,19],[18],"Fe,Ta,Nb,Cr,V,Sn,W,Sb","7.9.2",[25,26],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1803","4","D","B","05","1","Tetragonal",27,190,"0","4.5937","2.9587",2,"On {011} common. Often geniculated; also contact twins of very varied habit. Sixlings and eightlings at times, occasionally polysynthetic. The twins are sometimes distorted by extension of a pair of faces on {011}. Twin gliding observed on this plane as well. Also on {031}, rare. On {092}, as twin gliding plane.","On {092} due to twin gliding; also on {011}.","Oriented microscopic needles of rutile are frequently observed in corundum, pseudobrookite, phlogopite, and quartz.","Commonly prismatic, often slender to acicular [001]. Prism zone vertically striated or furrowed. Usually terminated by {101} or {111}; {001} rare. Rarely pyramidal. Granular massive.",6,6.5,"894","974",100,"4.23","4.25","Adamantine","Adamantine,Metallic","Transparent","Greyish black, pale brown, light yellow","Blood red, brownish yellow, brown-red, yellow, greyish-black, black, brown, bluish or violet",[57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64],"red","brown","yellow","black","gray","blue","purple","green",[61,60,58,59],"None","{110} distinct, {100} less distinct; and, {111} in traces.","Distinct\u002FGood","Irregular\u002FUneven,Conchoidal,Sub-Conchoidal","brittle","Uniaxial","+","2.605","2.613","2.899","2.901",2.605,2.901,"Strong","Visible","Shades of red, brown, yellow and green.","Anisotropic","(23.7,27.0) 400,\r\n(23.2,26.5) 420,\r\n(22.7,26.0) 440,\r\n(22.2,25.5) 460,\r\n(21.7,25.1) 480,\r\n(21.3,24.7) 500,\r\n(20.9,24.3) 520,\r\n(20.6,24.0) 540,\r\n(20.2,23.6) 560,\r\n(20.0,23.4) 580,\r\n(19.7,23.1) 600,\r\n(19.5,22.9) 620,\r\n(19.2,22.8) 640,\r\n(19.1,22.6) 660,\r\n(19.0,22.5) 680,\r\n(18.9,22.5) 700","As an accessory mineral in high-pressure, high-temperature igneous rocks, in placers.","The most common member of the Rutile Group. Rutile is one of the five forms of titanium dioxide, TiO2, found in nature.\r\n \r\nSellaite (magnesium fluoride, MgF2) also has a rutile-type structure. Compare 'UM1987-04-O:Ti'.\r\n\r\nNote on the type locality: \r\n...","The name rutile was first introduced by the German geologist Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1800 (cfr. Lampadius 1800 and Ludwig 1803). The name is from the Latin \u003Cem>rutilus\u003C\u002Fem>, meaning \"reddish.\" The mineral was already known under other names, such as \"red schorl\" and some other names, some of them later recognized as synonyms or varieties.\r\nI. von Born was the first who described the mineral, in his catalog (1772: 34), as \u003Cem>Basaltes crystallisatus ruber\u003C\u002Fem> [Red crystalline schorl, the latin Basaltes was at the time used for both \"schorl\" and basalt columns]. The locality given by von Born was Murán near Revúca, Slovakia (Papp 2004). Romé de L'Isle (1783) used the name \u003Cem>schorl rouge ou purpre\u003C\u002Fem> [red or purple schorl] for a mineral found as inclusions in quartz from Madagascar. Later, in 1796, De Saussure described sagenite from St. Gothard in Switzerland. Sagenite is now recognized as a variety of rutile, see \u003Cm>Sagenite (of Saussure)\u003C\u002Fm>. The element titanium was described by Klaproth (1795) from a specimen of \u003Cem>hungarischen rother schörl\u003C\u002Fem> (Hungarian red schorl) from what is today's Slovakia. Richard Kirwan (1796) described the mineral under the name titanite (in Mindat see the entry titanite (of Kirwan)) and Haüy (1801) used the name titane oxydé.","2025-10-08 15:56:30",[89,94,98,101,105],{"id":90,"name":91,"entrytype":39,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":92,"hmin":44,"hmax":45,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":36,"primary_image_id":93},2014,"Ilmenorutile","(Ti,Nb)O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",88476,{"id":95,"name":96,"entrytype":39,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":36,"primary_image_id":97},26856,"Nigrine",88914,{"id":99,"name":100,"entrytype":39,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":92,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":36,"primary_image_id":11},10653,"Niobium-bearing Rutile",{"id":102,"name":103,"entrytype":39,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":36,"primary_image_id":104},31451,"Sagenite (of Saussure)",77771,{"id":106,"name":107,"entrytype":39,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":108,"hmin":44,"hmax":45,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":36,"primary_image_id":109},3812,"Strüverite","(Ti,Ta,Fe)O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",81228,[111,117,124,132,140,148],{"id":112,"name":113,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":114,"mindat_formula":114,"hmin":44,"hmax":115,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":116,"primary_image_id":11},330,"Argutite","GeO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",7,"6.28",{"id":118,"name":119,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":120,"mindat_formula":120,"hmin":44,"hmax":115,"dmeas":121,"dcalc":122,"primary_image_id":123},917,"Cassiterite","SnO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","6.98","6.993",29383,{"id":125,"name":126,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":127,"mindat_formula":127,"hmin":128,"hmax":128,"dmeas":129,"dcalc":130,"primary_image_id":131},3116,"Paratellurite","TeO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",1,"5.60","6.017",18745,{"id":133,"name":134,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":135,"mindat_formula":135,"hmin":136,"hmax":136,"dmeas":137,"dcalc":138,"primary_image_id":139},3237,"Plattnerite","PbO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",5.5,"9.564","9.563",19583,{"id":141,"name":142,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":143,"mindat_formula":144,"hmin":39,"hmax":45,"dmeas":145,"dcalc":146,"primary_image_id":147},3318,"Pyrolusite","MnO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","Mn\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.04","5.189",20263,{"id":149,"name":150,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":151,"mindat_formula":151,"hmin":44,"hmax":115,"dmeas":152,"dcalc":153,"primary_image_id":154},4024,"Tripuhyite","Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Sb\u003Csup>5+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.82","6.70",24546,[156,162,168,176,185,193,201,206,214,222,229,236,240,248],{"id":157,"name":158,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":159,"mindat_formula":160,"hmin":45,"hmax":45,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":161,"primary_image_id":11},9,"Abswurmbachite","Cu\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","CuMn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.96",{"id":163,"name":164,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":15,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":136,"hmax":44,"dmeas":165,"dcalc":166,"primary_image_id":167},213,"Anatase","3.79","3.89",1314,{"id":169,"name":170,"entrytype":9,"csystem":171,"ima_formula":172,"mindat_formula":172,"hmin":173,"hmax":173,"dmeas":174,"dcalc":174,"primary_image_id":175},1013,"Chlorapatite","Hexagonal","Ca\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl",5,"3.17",5433,{"id":177,"name":178,"entrytype":9,"csystem":179,"ima_formula":180,"mindat_formula":181,"hmin":44,"hmax":115,"dmeas":182,"dcalc":183,"primary_image_id":184},2254,"Kornerupine","Orthorhombic","(Mg,Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Al,◻)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si,Al,B)\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>21\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,F)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","Mg\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si,Al,B)\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>21\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)","3.29","3.288",13557,{"id":186,"name":187,"entrytype":9,"csystem":188,"ima_formula":189,"mindat_formula":189,"hmin":136,"hmax":44,"dmeas":190,"dcalc":191,"primary_image_id":192},2356,"Lazulite","Monoclinic","MgAl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.122","3.144",14167,{"id":194,"name":195,"entrytype":9,"csystem":196,"ima_formula":197,"mindat_formula":198,"hmin":199,"hmax":199,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":200,"primary_image_id":11},42725,"Oxy-chromium-dravite","Trigonal","NaCr\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(Cr\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(Si\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>)(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O","NaCr\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(Cr\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(Si\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>)(BO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O ",7.5,"3.299",{"id":202,"name":203,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":204,"mindat_formula":204,"hmin":173,"hmax":173,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":205,"primary_image_id":11},7251,"Pretulite","Sc(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","3.71",{"id":207,"name":208,"entrytype":9,"csystem":209,"ima_formula":210,"mindat_formula":210,"hmin":115,"hmax":199,"dmeas":211,"dcalc":212,"primary_image_id":213},3321,"Pyrope","Isometric","Mg\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.582","3.563",20279,{"id":215,"name":216,"entrytype":9,"csystem":188,"ima_formula":217,"mindat_formula":218,"hmin":219,"hmax":128,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":220,"primary_image_id":221},3377,"Rectorite","(Na,Ca)Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si,Al)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>20\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub> · 2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","(Na,Ca)Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>((Si,Al)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>20\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>·2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",0.5,"2.34",20648,{"id":223,"name":224,"entrytype":9,"csystem":188,"ima_formula":225,"mindat_formula":225,"hmin":44,"hmax":44,"dmeas":226,"dcalc":227,"primary_image_id":228},3596,"Scorzalite","Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.33","3.32",21923,{"id":230,"name":231,"entrytype":9,"csystem":196,"ima_formula":232,"mindat_formula":232,"hmin":44,"hmax":45,"dmeas":233,"dcalc":234,"primary_image_id":235},3617,"Senaite","Pb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>(O,OH)\u003Csub>38\u003C\u002Fsub>","5.204","5.23",22064,{"id":237,"name":238,"entrytype":39,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":239,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":36,"dcalc":36,"primary_image_id":11},27165,"Star Garnet","Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",{"id":241,"name":242,"entrytype":9,"csystem":179,"ima_formula":243,"mindat_formula":244,"hmin":44,"hmax":44,"dmeas":245,"dcalc":246,"primary_image_id":247},4034,"Tsaregorodtsevite","N(CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiAl)O\u003Csub>12\u003C\u002Fsub>","(N(CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(AlSi\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>12\u003C\u002Fsub>)","2.04","2.01",24628,{"id":249,"name":250,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":251,"mindat_formula":251,"hmin":252,"hmax":173,"dmeas":253,"dcalc":254,"primary_image_id":255},4333,"Xenotime-(Y)","Y(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)",4,"4.4","4.277",28346,[257,260,261,267,268],{"id":258,"name":259,"entrytype":9,"csystem":188,"ima_formula":15,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},35912,"Akaogiite",{"id":163,"name":164,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":15,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":136,"hmax":44,"dmeas":165,"dcalc":166,"primary_image_id":167},{"id":262,"name":263,"entrytype":9,"csystem":179,"ima_formula":15,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":136,"hmax":44,"dmeas":264,"dcalc":265,"primary_image_id":266},787,"Brookite","4.08","4.133",4019,{"id":118,"name":119,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":120,"mindat_formula":120,"hmin":44,"hmax":115,"dmeas":121,"dcalc":122,"primary_image_id":123},{"id":269,"name":270,"entrytype":9,"csystem":188,"ima_formula":15,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":271,"primary_image_id":11},51474,"Riesite","4.37",[273],{"id":274,"txt":275,"latitude":11,"longitude":11,"country":276},224153,"Rutile type locality, Horcajuelo de la Sierra, Community of Madrid, Spain","Spain",6287,[279,283,287,291,295,299,303,307,311,315,320,324,329,333,338,342,346,350,354,358,363,368,373,378,382,387,391,396,401,405,409,413,417,422,425,429,433,437,442,446,451,456,460,464,469,473,478,482,487,491],{"id":280,"year":281,"html":282,"doi":11},16122347,1772,"Born, I. von (1772) Lithophylacium Bornianum, seu Index Fossilium. Vol. I: 34 [as Basaltes crystallisatus ruber, cited in Papp 2004]",{"id":284,"year":285,"html":286,"doi":11},17556044,1783,"Lisle, Jean-Baptiste-Louis Romé de, Romé de L'Isle, Jean-Baptiste Louis de (1783) \u003Ci>Cristallographie, ou Description des formes propres à tous les corps du règne minéral dans l'état de combinaison saline, pierreuse ou métallique [Crystallography, or Description of the forms specific to all bodies of the mineral kingdom in the state of saline, stony or metallic combination]\u003C\u002Fi> (2nd ed.). L'Imprimerie de Monsieur.",{"id":288,"year":289,"html":290,"doi":11},16122348,1795,"Delamétherie, J.C. (1795) Théorie de la Terre. Paris 1795, Tome 2, p. 402-403 (2nd ed. 1797: 2: 333)[as sagenite]",{"id":292,"year":293,"html":294,"doi":11},16122351,1800,"Lampadius, W. A. (1800) Noch ein Paar Bemertungen über den Uran- und Titangehalt einiger Fossilien. Der rothe schörl (Rutil, nach herrn Bergrath Werner), in Sammlung practisch-chemischer Abhandlungen und vermischter Bemerkungen, Volume 3, Walther Dresden",{"id":296,"year":297,"html":298,"doi":11},12960848,1801,"Haüy, René Just (1801) \u003Ci>Traité de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi> (1st ed.) Chez Louis, Paris.",{"id":300,"year":301,"html":302,"doi":11},16122352,1803,"Ludwig, C. F. (1803) Rutil, in Handbuch der Mineralogie nach A. G. Werner, Volume 1 Siegfried Lebrécht Crusius Leipzig: 305-306.",{"id":304,"year":305,"html":306,"doi":11},16122353,1825,"Haidinger, W. (1825) On the regular composition of crystallized bodies, III Pyramidal System. Edinburgh Journal of Science, 3, 59-69 (62-63).",{"id":308,"year":309,"html":310,"doi":11},16122354,1840,"Miller, W.H. (1840) On the form of rutile. Philosophical Magazine: 17: 268-270.",{"id":312,"year":313,"html":314,"doi":11},16122355,1880,"Dewalque, G. (1880) Présentation de rutile. Annales de la Société géologique de Belgique: 8: LXIV.",{"id":316,"year":317,"html":318,"doi":319},101524,1884,"Lasaulx, A. von (1884) Ueber Mikrostructur, optisches Verhalten und Umwandlung des Rutil in Titaneisen. \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie\u003C\u002Fi>,  8 (1). 54-75 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1884.8.1.54'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1884.8.1.54\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1884.8.1.54",{"id":321,"year":322,"html":323,"doi":11},16122356,1888,"Hidden, W.E. (1888) On edisonite, a fourth form of titanic acid. American Journal of Science: 36: 272.",{"id":325,"year":326,"html":327,"doi":328},4774,1908,"Prior, G. T., Zambonini, F. (1908) On Strüverite and its relation to Ilmenorutile. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  15 (68) 78-89 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1908.015.68.07'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1908.015.68.07\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_15\u002F15-68-78.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1908.015.68.07",{"id":330,"year":331,"html":332,"doi":11},16122358,1912,"Lacroix (1912) Bull. soc. min.: 35: 185.",{"id":334,"year":335,"html":336,"doi":337},400144,1916,"Ungemach, Henri (1916) Contribution à la Minéralogie de Madagascar. \u003Ci>Bulletin de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi>,  39 (1) 5-38 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1916.3635'>doi:10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1916.3635\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1916.3635",{"id":339,"year":340,"html":341,"doi":11},16122360,1940,"Gliszczynski, S. 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Mineralogia - Special Papers: 49: 53.",{"id":465,"year":466,"html":467,"doi":468},12999900,2021,"Majzlan, Juraj, Bolanz, Ralph, Göttlicher, Jörg, Mikuš, Tomáš, Milovská, Stanislava, Čaplovičová, Mária, Števko, Martin, Rössler, Christiane, Matthes, Christian (2021) Incorporation mechanism of tungsten in W-Fe-Cr-V-bearing rutile. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>, 106 (4) 609-619 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-2021-7653'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-2021-7653\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-2021-7653",{"id":470,"year":466,"html":471,"doi":472},13422110,"Kotowski, Jakub, Nejbert, Krzysztof, Olszewska-Nejbert, Danuta (2021) Rutile Mineral Chemistry and Zr-in-Rutile Thermometry in Provenance Study of Albian (Uppermost Lower Cretaceous) Terrigenous Quartz Sands and Sandstones in Southern Extra-Carpathian Poland. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>, 11 (6) 553 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin11060553'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin11060553\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2075-163X\u002F11\u002F6\u002F553\u002Fpdf?version=1621937134' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin11060553",{"id":474,"year":475,"html":476,"doi":477},15664670,2023,"Lee, Taehun, Selloni, Annabella (2023) Structure and Stability of Oxygen Vacancy Aggregates in Reduced Anatase and Rutile TiO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>. \u003Ci>The Journal of Physical Chemistry C\u003C\u002Fi>, 127 (1) 627-634 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1021\u002Facs.jpcc.2c06806'>doi:10.1021\u002Facs.jpcc.2c06806\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1021\u002Facs.jpcc.2c06806",{"id":479,"year":475,"html":480,"doi":481},16122374,"Lueder, Mona; Tamblyn, Renée; Hermann, Jörg (2023) A framework for quantitative in situ evaluation of coupled substitutions between H\u003Csup>+\u003C\u002Fsup> and trace elements in natural rutile. \u003Ci>European Journal of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>,  35 (2). 243-265 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5194\u002Fejm-35-243-2023'>doi:10.5194\u002Fejm-35-243-2023\u003C\u002Fa>","10.5194\u002Fejm-35-243-2023",{"id":483,"year":484,"html":485,"doi":486},17210940,2024,"Lueder, Mona; Tamblyn, Renée; Rubatto, Daniela; Hermann, Jörg (2024) H2O-rich rutile as an indicator for modern-style cold subduction. \u003Ci>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  179 (3). 26 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00410-024-02107-2'>doi:10.1007\u002Fs00410-024-02107-2\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fs00410-024-02107-2",{"id":488,"year":484,"html":489,"doi":490},17442046,"Kohn, Victoria, Griffiths, Thomas A., Alifirova, Taisia, Daneu, Nina, Ageeva, Olga, Abart, Rainer, Habler, Gerlinde (2024) Variations in orientation relationships between rutile inclusions and garnet host relate to magmatic growth zoning. \u003Ci>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  179 (7). 69 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00410-024-02146-9'>doi:10.1007\u002Fs00410-024-02146-9\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fs00410-024-02146-9",{"id":492,"year":493,"html":494,"doi":495},17697460,2025,"Lueder, Mona; Hermann, Jörg; Tamblyn, Renée; Rubatto, Daniela; Lanari, Pierre; Markmann, Thorsten Andreas (2025) Intra-grain variability of hydrogen and trace elements in rutile. \u003Ci>Chemical Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  671. 122480 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.chemgeo.2024.122480'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.chemgeo.2024.122480\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.chemgeo.2024.122480",[497,503,513,519,523,533,537,546,555,560,568,577,581,589,596,605,612,620,628,635,642,651,659,666,673,680,687,695,702,711,719,727,736,744,749,756,762,769,775,782,789,796,803,808,815,822,830,837,844,853,863,873,880,887,894,901,909,916,924,930,938,945,953,962,967,975,980,988,994,1001,1008,1016,1022,1028,1035,1043,1048],{"id":498,"source_url":499,"license_code":500,"credit_html":501,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":502,"original_height":502},30644,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F91878","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F91878\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,{"id":504,"source_url":505,"license_code":506,"credit_html":507,"title":508,"description":509,"author":510,"original_width":511,"original_height":512},70646,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=742532","CC BY-SA 3.0","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=742532\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutyl, Madagaskar S Spirifer.jpg","rutyl, pochodzenie Madagaskar; autor zdjęcia Stowarzyszenie Spirifer","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims).",800,600,{"id":514,"source_url":515,"license_code":516,"credit_html":517,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":502,"original_height":518},30645,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F116377","CC BY 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F116377\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",666,{"id":520,"source_url":521,"license_code":516,"credit_html":522,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":502,"original_height":518},30646,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115037","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115037\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":524,"source_url":525,"license_code":526,"credit_html":527,"title":528,"description":529,"author":530,"original_width":531,"original_height":532},70647,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3937381","CC BY 3.0","VikSl - Exhibit from my own collection ( V.Slyotov, http:\u002F\u002Fmindraw.web.ru\u002F ), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3937381\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutil twin.jpg","Rutile Twin, 1cm. cristal with Qartz. Azerbaijan, Capudjuk mine","VikSl - Exhibit from my own collection ( V.Slyotov, http:\u002F\u002Fmindraw.web.ru\u002F )",300,454,{"id":534,"source_url":535,"license_code":516,"credit_html":536,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":502,"original_height":518},30647,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115115","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115115\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":538,"source_url":539,"license_code":516,"credit_html":540,"title":541,"description":542,"author":543,"original_width":544,"original_height":545},70648,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8840351","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8840351\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile Canada.jpg","Rutile\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Kimmirut (Lake Harbour), Baffin Island, Nunavut Territory, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size:  6.7x3.5cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Didier Descouens",4300,2928,{"id":547,"source_url":548,"license_code":500,"credit_html":549,"title":550,"description":551,"author":552,"original_width":553,"original_height":554},21337,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129660834","Milda 444, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129660834\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutil.jpg","Namletý minerál rutil (oxid titaničitý); Fotografováno na SPŠCHBR","Milda 444",9280,6944,{"id":556,"source_url":557,"license_code":500,"credit_html":558,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":502,"original_height":559},30648,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F91641","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F91641\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",708,{"id":561,"source_url":562,"license_code":516,"credit_html":563,"title":564,"description":565,"author":543,"original_width":566,"original_height":567},70649,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8840440","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8840440\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile chlorite Luzenac.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa> on Clinochlore\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality : Trimouns Talc Mine, Luzenac, Ariège, Midi-Pyrénées, France\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size : view  1.9cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",4362,2271,{"id":569,"source_url":570,"license_code":506,"credit_html":571,"title":572,"description":573,"author":574,"original_width":575,"original_height":576},21338,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129781618","HolDu, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129781618\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile (OM1-599).JPG","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutil\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:Rutil\">Rutil\u003C\u002Fa> auf \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMuskovit\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:Muskovit\">Muskovit\u003C\u002Fa>-\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGlimmer\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:Glimmer\">Glimmer\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Fundort: Chollerhorn (Originalbeschriftung Kollerhorn), Binntal, Kanton Wallis, Schweiz\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Kamera und Fototechnik: Erstellt mit \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOM_System_OM-1\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:OM System OM-1\">Olympus OM-1\u003C\u002Fa> und dem integrierten, automatischen Focus Stacking (15 Bilder)\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","HolDu",2450,1900,{"id":578,"source_url":579,"license_code":516,"credit_html":580,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":502,"original_height":518},30649,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F113159","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F113159\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":582,"source_url":583,"license_code":506,"credit_html":584,"title":585,"description":586,"author":587,"original_width":588,"original_height":512},70652,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10400387","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10400387\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-ww7a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDiamantina\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Diamantina\">Diamantina\u003C\u002Fa>, Jequitinhonha valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-396.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2.5 x 2 x .3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Rutile\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>There are many cool Rutiles around, but gram for gram this is one of the finest I have ever seen. The intergrown, mostly-terminated crystals have a superb striated luster and deep red color that takes very little coaxing to glow. The geometry of the bladed crystals creates an architecture that has superb aesthetics. It flashes electric red from so many angles. This is unusually robust for such a reticulated cluster, not just skinny needles strung together but real 3-D crystals. Ex. Wendell E. Wilson Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",506,{"id":590,"source_url":591,"license_code":506,"credit_html":592,"title":593,"description":594,"author":587,"original_width":595,"original_height":511},70653,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10445162","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10445162\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-bem-33a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2.4 x 2.0 x 1.8 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Rutile\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An excellent old-time, sixling of rutile, from this most classic of US localities! The piece seems to be multiply-twinned , with the sixling on one end and leading into a penetration twin on the other end! the miniature rarities suite of Lawrence Conklin\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",628,{"id":597,"source_url":598,"license_code":500,"credit_html":599,"title":600,"description":601,"author":602,"original_width":603,"original_height":604},70657,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113752013","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113752013\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 590 - Rutile (République Démocratique du Congo).jpg","Rutile, en provenance de la République Démocratique du Congo, au Muséum de Nantes","Koreller",2828,1832,{"id":606,"source_url":607,"license_code":500,"credit_html":608,"title":609,"description":601,"author":602,"original_width":610,"original_height":611},70658,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113752014","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113752014\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 591 - Rutile (République Démocratique du Congo).jpg",3844,2608,{"id":613,"source_url":614,"license_code":500,"credit_html":615,"title":616,"description":617,"author":602,"original_width":618,"original_height":619},70659,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113752015","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113752015\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 592 - Rutile.jpg","Rutile, au Muséum de Nantes",2372,2100,{"id":621,"source_url":622,"license_code":506,"credit_html":623,"title":624,"description":625,"author":574,"original_width":626,"original_height":627},70661,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129781725","HolDu, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129781725\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile (OM1-663).JPG","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutil\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:Rutil\">Rutil\u003C\u002Fa> auf \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMuskovit\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:Muskovit\">Muskovit\u003C\u002Fa>-\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGlimmer\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:Glimmer\">Glimmer\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Fundort: Chollerhorn (Originalbeschriftung \u003Ci>Kollerhorn\u003C\u002Fi>), Binntal, Kanton Wallis, Schweiz\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Kamera und Fototechnik: Erstellt mit \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOM_System_OM-1\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"de:OM System OM-1\">Olympus OM-1\u003C\u002Fa> und dem integrierten, automatischen Focus Stacking (15 Bilder)\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",3000,2300,{"id":629,"source_url":630,"license_code":506,"credit_html":631,"title":632,"description":633,"author":587,"original_width":634,"original_height":511},28347,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10460970","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10460970\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Xenotime with Rutile-08-2-78aa.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FXenotime\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Xenotime\">Xenotime\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNovo_Horizonte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Novo Horizonte\">Novo Horizonte\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBahia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bahia\">Bahia\u003C\u002Fa>, Northeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-5387.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2.8 x 1.6 x 1.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Xenotime with Rutile\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>From a small find in January, this is a shockingly large and well-developed xenotime crystal with unusually good lustre , rich chocolate color, and unusually equant crystalllographic form. Furthermore, clusters are rare, of this species, particularly from Brazil. This crystal is complete all around, 360 degrees. As a final accent, we have inclusions of golden rutile in the xenotime, included 0.1 to 1 mm below the surface (though the photo makes it look like they are on the surface, that is an illusion - actually they are under a thin translucent layer of xenotime). A pocket the size of a basketball was hit, and I cherrypicked the choice specimens from this very surprising find!\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",604,{"id":636,"source_url":637,"license_code":506,"credit_html":638,"title":639,"description":640,"author":587,"original_width":512,"original_height":641},70654,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10451310","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10451310\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-LTH65B.JPG","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDiamantina\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Diamantina\">Diamantina\u003C\u002Fa>, Jequitinhonha valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-396.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 3.8 x 2.2 x .5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Rutile (reticulated, floater cluster)\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An absolutely exquisite floater cluster of gemmy, reddish Rutiles, with superb luster and beautiful striated crystals! It is sharply twinned and reticulated and looks like a red cerussite. The largest crystals range up to about 6-7 mm, and the overall effect of the interlockin gmesh is mesmerizing. Delicate and desirable, I have not seen an aesthetic cluster quite like this, amidst hundreds of more fragile, slender, brittle rutiles from the same locale. This one is more robust and brilliant, and to me stands out. When backlit, it glows a deep red.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",426,{"id":643,"source_url":644,"license_code":526,"credit_html":645,"title":646,"description":647,"author":648,"original_width":649,"original_height":650},77653,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3973897","VikSl. Exhibit from my own collection. My photo (Viktor Slyotov) from my site http:\u002F\u002Fmindraw.web.ru\u002F, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3973897\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile Qartz.jpg","Quartz with Rutile inclusions, 6-cm specimen. From Neroika Mt., Subpolar Urals, Russia.","VikSl. Exhibit from my own collection. My photo (Viktor Slyotov) from my site http:\u002F\u002Fmindraw.web.ru\u002F",400,342,{"id":652,"source_url":653,"license_code":506,"credit_html":654,"title":655,"description":656,"author":543,"original_width":657,"original_height":658},77655,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=6421517","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=6421517\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Quartz a rutile.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Rutilated quartz\u003C\u002Fa>",3946,4251,{"id":660,"source_url":661,"license_code":506,"credit_html":662,"title":663,"description":664,"author":587,"original_width":512,"original_height":665},21415,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154749","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154749\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-188354.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, variety Sagenite\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDiamantina\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Diamantina\">Diamantina\u003C\u002Fa>, Jequitinhonha valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-396.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.5 x 3.6 x 0.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A mesmerizing, highly lustrous, deep wine-red cluster of reticulated rutile needles from Diamantina, Brazil. This very aesthetic, chatoyant specimen is of single crystal thickness and came from a small find a few years ago.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",401,{"id":667,"source_url":668,"license_code":506,"credit_html":669,"title":670,"description":671,"author":587,"original_width":512,"original_height":672},11114,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10135468","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10135468\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hematite-Rutile-57088.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHematite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hematite\">Hematite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Cavradi gorge, Curnera Valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTujetsch\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tujetsch\">Tujetsch (Tavetsch)\u003C\u002Fa>, Vorderrhein Valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGraub%C3%BCnden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Graubünden\">Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)\u003C\u002Fa>, Switzerland (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3213.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A fine Swiss hematite cluster, with the traditional stacked, flattened crystal form, and high luster which does not show up in the pics. These crystals are complete all around, with the normal contact at the bottom where the specimen was removed from the matrix. Ex. Hauck Collection. 4.3 x 2.9 x 1.1cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",472,{"id":674,"source_url":675,"license_code":506,"credit_html":676,"title":677,"description":678,"author":587,"original_width":679,"original_height":511},21336,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10460971","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10460971\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Xenotime with Rutile-08-2-78ab.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNovo_Horizonte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Novo Horizonte\">Novo Horizonte\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBahia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bahia\">Bahia\u003C\u002Fa>, Northeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-5387.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2.8 x 1.6 x 1.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Xenotime with Rutile\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>From a small find in January, this is a shockingly large and well-developed xenotime crystal with unusually good lustre , rich chocolate color, and unusually equant crystalllographic form. Furthermore, clusters are rare, of this species, particularly from Brazil. This crystal is complete all around, 360 degrees. As a final accent, we have inclusions of golden rutile in the xenotime, included 0.1 to 1 mm below the surface (though the photo makes it look like they are on the surface, that is an illusion - actually they are under a thin translucent layer of xenotime). A pocket the size of a basketball was hit, and I cherrypicked the choice specimens from this very surprising find!\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",679,{"id":681,"source_url":682,"license_code":506,"credit_html":683,"title":684,"description":685,"author":587,"original_width":512,"original_height":686},70651,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10170689","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10170689\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hematite-Rutile-Quartz-270249.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHematite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hematite\">Hematite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Cavradi gorge, Curnera Valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTujetsch\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tujetsch\">Tujetsch (Tavetsch)\u003C\u002Fa>, Vorderrhein Valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGraub%C3%BCnden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Graubünden\">Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)\u003C\u002Fa>, Switzerland (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3213.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.5 x 2.8 x 1.1 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A classic and pristine Cavradi hematite specimen of splendent, parallel-growth hematite blades on a tiny bit of starkly contrasting matrix. The hematite blades have interesting, stepped-growth faces and both sides of the piece have embedded gemmy, wine-red rutile crystals. There is even a tiny quartz crystal implanted along the crest. The very high lustre, excellent form and rutile association make for an excellent specimen. Ex. Gene Meieran Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",434,{"id":688,"source_url":689,"license_code":506,"credit_html":690,"title":691,"description":692,"author":587,"original_width":693,"original_height":694},1318,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173210","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173210\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anatase-Rutile-286275.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAnatase\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Anatase\">Anatase\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Cuiabá District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGouveia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Gouveia\">Gouveia\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-102665.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.7 x 2.0 x 1.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An attractive group of silvery-tan colored prismatic Anatase crystals which have good luster and excellent sharpness. They are accented by small metallic golden-brown colored Rutile crystals towards the center of the specimen. These are classic specimens, and to have two Titanium Oxides together on the same piece is pretty interesting. This piece is certainly more three-dimensional than those I have encountered in the past. Ex. Brian Kosnar Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",482,432,{"id":696,"source_url":697,"license_code":506,"credit_html":698,"title":699,"description":700,"author":587,"original_width":649,"original_height":701},31842,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10467330","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10467330\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Albite-Rutile-Titanite-tuc09101d.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlbite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Albite\">Albite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTitanite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Titanite\">Titanite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Alchuri (Alchori; Aschudi), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShigar_Valley\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shigar Valley\">Shigar Valley\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSkardu_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Skardu District\">Skardu District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Baltistan\">Baltistan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGilgit-Baltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Gilgit-Baltistan\">Northern Areas\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2528.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: cabinet, 9.8 x 8.7 x 3.1 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>RUTILE with Sphene and Albite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a bizarre Pakistani specimen, quite different from any rutile I have seen before from this region. It is a very aesthetic piece with a crosshatched cluster of pipelike (for lack of a better word) rutile crystals that runs along the plate of albite and green sphenes, like irrigation pipes with a few outlets sticking up here and there. I believe this to be a fairly significant rutile for this famous alpine-type deposit, as it is large, interesting, and of display quality. Ex. Richard Kosnar collection (he specialized in minerals of the world's alpine type deposits).\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",384,{"id":703,"source_url":704,"license_code":500,"credit_html":705,"title":706,"description":707,"author":708,"original_width":709,"original_height":710},21341,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=69974601","Bergminer, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=69974601\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutilo.jpg","Rutilo. Macla múltiple rodada. Cerro de la Mata de la Cabeza. Horcajuelo de la Sierra (Madrid) España. Localidad tipo. 3,5 cmFoto J. Callén. Col. M. Calvo","Bergminer",1181,887,{"id":712,"source_url":713,"license_code":500,"credit_html":714,"title":715,"description":716,"author":602,"original_width":717,"original_height":718},70655,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113716265","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113716265\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 041 - Rutile dans quartz.jpg","Rutile dans quartz, au Muséum de Nantes",2572,1860,{"id":720,"source_url":721,"license_code":500,"credit_html":722,"title":723,"description":724,"author":602,"original_width":725,"original_height":726},70656,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113716273","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113716273\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 048 - Rutile sur hématite, épitaxie (Brésil).jpg","Rutile sur hématite, épitaxie, en provenance du Brésil, au Muséum de Nantes",2328,1316,{"id":728,"source_url":729,"license_code":526,"credit_html":730,"title":731,"description":732,"author":733,"original_width":734,"original_height":735},70660,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=122080318","Motekov, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=122080318\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile (Stipon, Ihtiman Municipality, Srednogorie) Coll. Georgi Bonchev at the Sofia University \"St. Kliment Ohridski\" Museum of Mineralogy, Petrology & Mineral Resources.jpg","Rutile (Stipon, Ihtiman Municipality, Srednogorie) Coll. Georgi Bonchev at the Sofia University \"St. Kliment Ohridski\" Museum of Mineralogy, Petrology & Mineral Resources \u003Cspan class=\"mw-valign-text-top noprint\" typeof=\"mw:File\u002FFrameless\">\u003Ca href=\"\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Rutile_(Stipon,_Ihtiman_Municipality,_Srednogorie)_Coll._Georgi_Bonchev_at_the_Sofia_University_%22St._Kliment_Ohridski%22_Museum_of_Mineralogy,_Petrology_%26_Mineral_Resources.jpg#ooui-php-4\" title=\"Edit this at Structured Data on Commons\">\u003Cimg alt=\"Edit this at Structured Data on Commons\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fupload.wikimedia.org\u002Fwikipedia\u002Fcommons\u002Fthumb\u002F8\u002F8a\u002FOOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg\u002F20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"10\" height=\"10\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"20\">\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fspan>","Motekov",1152,2304,{"id":737,"source_url":738,"license_code":516,"credit_html":739,"title":740,"description":741,"author":742,"original_width":743,"original_height":743},1105,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=103936395","Masha Milshina, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=103936395\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Amesite and Rutile 01.jpg","Crystals of amesite with alexandrite colorchange effect. Photo 1 - cold daylight. In the center of the frame there is a rutile pseudomorph on a perovskite crystal, the size of the pseudomorph is 4x3 mm. Main Saranovskoe (Cr) deposit, Middle Urals, Russia.","Masha Milshina",4000,{"id":745,"source_url":746,"license_code":516,"credit_html":747,"title":748,"description":741,"author":742,"original_width":743,"original_height":743},1106,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=103936398","Masha Milshina, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=103936398\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Amesite and Rutile 02.jpg",{"id":750,"source_url":751,"license_code":506,"credit_html":752,"title":753,"description":754,"author":587,"original_width":755,"original_height":694},1315,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164930","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164930\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anatase-Rutile-238653.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAnatase\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Anatase\">Anatase\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Cuiabá District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGouveia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Gouveia\">Gouveia\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-102665.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.0 x 0.9 x 1.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An elongated group of silvery-tan colored prismatic Anatase crystals which have good luster and excellent sharpness. They are accented by small metallic golden-brown colored Rutile crystals towards the center of the specimen. These are classic specimens, and to have two Titanium Oxides together on the same piece is pretty cool. Ex. Brian Kosnar Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",466,{"id":726,"source_url":757,"license_code":506,"credit_html":758,"title":759,"description":754,"author":587,"original_width":760,"original_height":761},"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164931","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164931\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anatase-Rutile-238654.jpg",413,360,{"id":763,"source_url":764,"license_code":506,"credit_html":765,"title":766,"description":767,"author":587,"original_width":768,"original_height":512},1317,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10166271","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10166271\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anatase-Rutile-245497.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAnatase\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Anatase\">Anatase\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Matskorhæ (Matskorhae), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOdda\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Odda\">Odda\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHardangervidda\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hardangervidda\">Hardangervidda\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHordaland\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hordaland\">Hordaland\u003C\u002Fa>, Norway (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2480.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 1.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A very sharp, doubly terminated anatase crystal from the Jaime Bird Collection. This pristine crystal has brilliant lustre, is well-striated and is covered in micro rutile crystals. The mid-1970s Hamel Mining label states \"Tysse\" as the locality. Tysse is not a locality for anatase but a place-name of an area in the Community of Odda close to Hardangervidda where anatase is found. The label \"Tysse\" was probably given to keep the very locality a secret. This specimen looks very similar to those from the Matskorhae locality.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",437,{"id":770,"source_url":771,"license_code":506,"credit_html":772,"title":773,"description":692,"author":587,"original_width":774,"original_height":761},1319,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173211","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173211\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Anatase-Rutile-286276.jpg",435,{"id":776,"source_url":777,"license_code":506,"credit_html":778,"title":779,"description":780,"author":587,"original_width":511,"original_height":781},4020,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146994","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146994\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Rutile-158391.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Crystals to 5 mm. Literally hundreds of dark gray brookite\u002Frutile crystals, to .5 cm across, fill up this vial. Ex. Carnegie Museum Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",252,{"id":783,"source_url":784,"license_code":506,"credit_html":785,"title":786,"description":787,"author":587,"original_width":788,"original_height":512},4021,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154019","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10154019\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-Brookite-184624.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.3 x 2.3 x 1.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A titanium paramorph of high quality, this cluster of lustrous, black crystals of rutile having replaced brookite features crystals that are doubly terminated , with the largest one reaching 2.0 cm in length. Ex. Carnegie Museum Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",550,{"id":790,"source_url":791,"license_code":506,"credit_html":792,"title":793,"description":794,"author":587,"original_width":512,"original_height":795},4022,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419358","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419358\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-Rutile-t5085a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTaftan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Taftan\">Taftan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChagai_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chagai District\">Chagai District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-192366.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 5.3 x 4.3 x 1.6 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Quartz enclosing Rutile and Brookite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This specimen is a sharp doubly-terminated quartz literally loaded with BOTH brookite and rutile inclusions! I just couldn't believe it when i saw it - both in one piece, and so aesthetic as well?! 5.3 x 4.3 x 1.6 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",513,{"id":797,"source_url":798,"license_code":506,"credit_html":799,"title":800,"description":801,"author":587,"original_width":761,"original_height":802},4023,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443588","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443588\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Rutile-4mc2a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 1.8 X 1.5 X 1.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>RUTILE paramorph after BROOKITE (twinned )\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A sharp , cyclic- twinned brookite crystal replaced by lustrous rutile! Old classic material! Mke Howard had an article in Rocks and Minerals a few years back that talked about these crystals, in considerable detail. Basically, any \"brookite\" that is a pseudohexagonal bipyramid (not twinned) and that is bigger than a quarter-inch is virtually always replaced by rutile (this can be recognised by striations, that sometimes create a \"moire effect\", on the surface..You can also often spot a hint of the red internal reflections that characterize rutile, and the color is a little different from the black lustrous brookite xls.) I could be wrong and this one could be an exception - a very large brookite dipyramid. The striations I do see tell me it is a rutile.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",338,{"id":149,"source_url":804,"license_code":506,"credit_html":805,"title":806,"description":801,"author":587,"original_width":807,"original_height":761},"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443589","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443589\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Rutile-4mc2b.jpg",333,{"id":809,"source_url":810,"license_code":506,"credit_html":811,"title":812,"description":813,"author":587,"original_width":761,"original_height":814},4025,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443622","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10443622\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Rutile-4mc49a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2 X 1.8 X 1.3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>RUTILE paramorph after BROOKITE\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A sharp , cyclic- twinned brookite crystal replaced by lustrous rutile! Old classic material! Much better in person. Mke Howard had an article in Rocks and Minerals a few years back that talked about these crystals, in considerable detail. Basically, any \"brookite\" that is a pseudohexagonal bipyramid (not twinned) and that is bigger than a quarter-inch is virtually always replaced by rutile (this can be recognised by striations, that sometimes create a \"moire effect\", on the surface..You can also often spot a hint of the red internal reflections that characterize rutile, and the color is a little different from the black lustrous brookite xls.) I could be wrong and this one could be an exception - a very large brookite dipyramid. The striations I do see tell me it is a rutile.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",303,{"id":816,"source_url":817,"license_code":506,"credit_html":818,"title":819,"description":820,"author":587,"original_width":821,"original_height":512},4026,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10466067","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10466067\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Brookite-Quartz-Rutile-t5108a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTaftan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Taftan\">Taftan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChagai_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chagai District\">Chagai District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBalochistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Balochistan\">Balochistan (Baluchistan)\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-192366.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 3 x 1.9 x 1.4 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Quartz enclosing Rutile and Brookite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>WOW! THE PIC SAYS IT ALL! THIS CLEAR, doubly-terminated quartz encloses a 2.2 cm doubly-terminated brookite crystal that is floating in perfect alignment to the axis of the quartz, as if it grew around the brookite as a seed! Small acicular rutile crystals shoot off the brookite, as well. This small treasure , for rarity and novel aesthetics, is one of the best included quartzes of ANY type that I have ever seen. It has every quality you can ask for in a significant inclusion, including the fact that the brookite even on its own would be a major example of the species.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",468,{"id":823,"source_url":824,"license_code":506,"credit_html":825,"title":826,"description":827,"author":574,"original_width":828,"original_height":829},6445,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=146574252","HolDu, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=146574252\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Crichtonit, Apatit, Rutil, Hämatit (OM1-134).JPG","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCrichtonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Crichtonite\">Crichtonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FApatite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Apatite\">Apatite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHematite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hematite\">Hematite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Oberaar, Grimsel (Bern\u002FWallis), Switzerland\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Weight: approx. 42 g\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",5184,3888,{"id":831,"source_url":832,"license_code":506,"credit_html":833,"title":834,"description":827,"author":574,"original_width":835,"original_height":836},6446,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=146574293","HolDu, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=146574293\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Crichtonit, Apatit, Rutil, Hämatit (OM1-150A).JPG",4993,3504,{"id":838,"source_url":839,"license_code":506,"credit_html":840,"title":841,"description":842,"author":587,"original_width":843,"original_height":512},10133,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10155836","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10155836\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-Quartz-Hematite-194076.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHematite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hematite\">Hematite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FIbitiara\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ibitiara\">Ibitiara\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBahia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bahia\">Bahia\u003C\u002Fa>, Northeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-157035.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 10.9 x 5.4 x 4.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>There are two tightly intergrown quartz crystals here, both doubly-terminated (the larger one has a healed lower termination). The top of the larger quartz is water-clear and gives a spectacular view of the golden, shimmering acicular rutile crystals inside. Chunky hematite is wrapped around the side of the two quartzes, and some hematite is also included inside the fatter quartz crystal.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",331,{"id":845,"source_url":846,"license_code":500,"credit_html":847,"title":848,"description":849,"author":850,"original_width":851,"original_height":852},15393,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=59285214","IbrZulya, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=59285214\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile and quartz.jpg","Rutile and quartz, 20 mm, Paragachai ore manifestation, \nOrdubad region from,  A.J. Ismail-zade's collection","IbrZulya",1201,1288,{"id":854,"source_url":855,"license_code":856,"credit_html":857,"title":858,"description":859,"author":860,"original_width":861,"original_height":862},20796,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85118947","CC0 1.0","Ricardo Scholz, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=85118947\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rhabdophane-(La), Rutile-858524.jpg","Rabdophane-(La) rosettes growing on rutile needles. From: Mula claim, Tapera, Novo Horizonte, Bahia, Brazil.","Ricardo Scholz",2560,1920,{"id":864,"source_url":865,"license_code":866,"credit_html":867,"title":868,"description":869,"author":870,"original_width":871,"original_height":872},21413,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8159739","Public domain","Elade53, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8159739\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutyl - Dolina Shigar, Skardu, Pakistan..jpg","Rutyl, siatka segenitowa - Dolina Shigar, Skardu, Pakistan.","Elade53",1700,1275,{"id":874,"source_url":875,"license_code":506,"credit_html":876,"title":877,"description":878,"author":587,"original_width":512,"original_height":879},21414,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10147767","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10147767\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-160729.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, variety Sagenite\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDiamantina\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Diamantina\">Diamantina\u003C\u002Fa>, Jequitinhonha valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-396.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.4 x 2.9 x 0.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>These reticulated rutiles are like nothing else in the mineral kingdom, with their geometric crosshatched crystal form. Rutile of course takes on all sorts of forms, from the chunky crystals from Graves Mountain to the golden, needle-like crystals from Novo Horizonte you see associated with hematite or sometimes even inside of quartz crystals. This form has to be the most interesting of all, however.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",504,{"id":881,"source_url":882,"license_code":506,"credit_html":883,"title":884,"description":885,"author":587,"original_width":886,"original_height":512},28336,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10135115","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10135115\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Xenotime-(Y)-Rutile-54310.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FXenotime\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Xenotime\">Xenotime-(Y)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNovo_Horizonte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Novo Horizonte\">Novo Horizonte\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBahia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bahia\">Bahia\u003C\u002Fa>, Northeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-5387.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>It is unusual to see crystals of the rare yttrium phosphate, xenotime, but I must say I have never seen one with rutile inclusions. A 2.0 cm in length, cognac colored, gemmy and lustrous xenotime crystal with rutile inclusions sits majestically on a matrix of smaller xenotime crystals. Truly extraordinary! The crystal is 3-dimensional and fully terminated all around! this is a truly oustanding, unique thumbnail or small miniature specimen 3 x 1.9 x 1.2 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",467,{"id":888,"source_url":889,"license_code":506,"credit_html":890,"title":891,"description":892,"author":587,"original_width":893,"original_height":511},28340,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10151686","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10151686\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Xenotime-(Y)-Rutile-177577.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FXenotime\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Xenotime\">Xenotime-(Y)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNovo_Horizonte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Novo Horizonte\">Novo Horizonte\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBahia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bahia\">Bahia\u003C\u002Fa>, Northeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-5387.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.0 x 1.5 x 1.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A fine xenotime crystal with multiple terminations included with rutile crystals.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",561,{"id":895,"source_url":896,"license_code":506,"credit_html":897,"title":898,"description":899,"author":587,"original_width":512,"original_height":900},33778,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165166","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165166\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-Brookite-238979.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrookite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Brookite\">Brookite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Magnet Cove, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHot_Spring_County,_Arkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hot Spring County, Arkansas\">Hot Spring County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArkansas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arkansas\">Arkansas\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3407.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 1.82 x 1.8 x 1.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A sharp, cyclic-twinned brookite crystal replaced by lustrous rutile. Old classic material. Much better in person. Mike Howard had an article in Rocks and Minerals a few years back that talked about these crystals, in considerable detail. Basically, any \"brookite\" that is a pseudohexagonal bipyramid (not twinned) and that is bigger than a quarter-inch is virtually always replaced by rutile (this can be recognised by striations that sometimes create a \"moire effect\", on the surface. You can also often spot a hint of the red internal reflections that characterize rutile, and the color is a little different from the black lustrous brookite xls). Ex. Carlton Davis Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",528,{"id":902,"source_url":903,"license_code":866,"credit_html":904,"title":905,"description":906,"author":907,"original_width":502,"original_height":908},51183,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=114784703","Mark Joseph Wylie, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=114784703\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Cryolite, Hydrokenoralstonite, Thomsenolite, Prosopite, Amazonite, Rutile-589514.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCryolite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cryolite\">Cryolite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHydrokenoralstonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hydrokenoralstonite\">Hydrokenoralstonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FThomsenolite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Thomsenolite\">Thomsenolite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FProsopite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Prosopite\">Prosopite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAmazonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Amazonite\">Amazonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: 6 cm × 3 cm × 2 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Morefield Mine (Morefield Pegmatite), Winterham, Amelia County, Virginia, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Sparkling xl faces of micro ralstonite & thomsenolite on cryolite with lavender prosopite & green amazonite on the other end. 45' level, 145' NE, hanging wall, July of 2002 collected by Sam Dunaway, photo by Gene Fulk & owner Mark Wylie.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Mark Joseph Wylie",730,{"id":910,"source_url":911,"license_code":506,"credit_html":912,"title":913,"description":914,"author":587,"original_width":915,"original_height":649},64313,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10163903","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10163903\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Biotite-Rutile-Siderite-231201.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBiotite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Biotite\">Biotite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSiderite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Siderite\">Siderite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpodumene\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spodumene\">Spodumene\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHiddenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hiddenite\">Hiddenite\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Rist Mine (North America Emerald Mines), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHiddenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hiddenite\">Hiddenite\u003C\u002Fa>, Alexander County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNorth_Carolina\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:North Carolina\">North Carolina\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-19740.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.6 x 2.8 x 2.1 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Superb, textbook biotite crystals mark this classic from an old find (1960s if I recall correctly, or maybe the 50s), at the site of the famous hiddenite mines. This crystal is superbly displayed on matrix, a small miniature overall.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",374,{"id":917,"source_url":918,"license_code":506,"credit_html":919,"title":920,"description":921,"author":587,"original_width":922,"original_height":923},75908,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10135304","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10135304\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-Pyrophyllite-54588.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrophyllite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrophyllite\">Pyrophyllite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Champion Mine (White Mountain Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWhite_Mountain\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:White Mountain\">White Mountain\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLaw\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Law\">Laws\u003C\u002Fa>, White Mts, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMono_County,_California\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Mono County, California\">Mono County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalifornia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:California\">California\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3510.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A brilliant, gemmy, doubly terminated, 1.4 cm, deep blood-red rutile crystal nicely attached to pyrophyllite matrix from the old, well-known Champion Mine of California. Ex Richard Hauck Collection. 3.8 x 3.6 x 2.7 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",549,416,{"id":925,"source_url":926,"license_code":506,"credit_html":927,"title":928,"description":929,"author":587,"original_width":512,"original_height":755},75911,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10147178","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10147178\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-Pyrophyllite-158791.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrophyllite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrophyllite\">Pyrophyllite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Champion Mine (White Mountain Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWhite_Mountain\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:White Mountain\">White Mountain\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLaw\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Law\">Laws\u003C\u002Fa>, White Mts, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMono_County,_California\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Mono County, California\">Mono County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalifornia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:California\">California\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3510.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.0 x 4.5 x 4.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Mono rutiles are known for their flashy luster and sharpness, as seen in this isolated 1.3-cm crystal which has a sheen that is almost metallic in appearance. The faces flash like crazy! From the well-known California collection of Charles Hansen.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":931,"source_url":932,"license_code":506,"credit_html":933,"title":934,"description":935,"author":587,"original_width":936,"original_height":937},75912,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10155666","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10155666\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-Pyrophyllite-192711.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrophyllite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrophyllite\">Pyrophyllite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Graves Mountain, Lincoln County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGeorgia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Georgia\">Georgia\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-72558.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.5 x 2.9 x 2.1 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A sharp, mirror-bright, partially gemmy, 1.7 cm, deep wine-red rutile crystal perched on bladed pyrophyllite matrix from the Graves Mountain of Georgia. Ex. George Elling Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",500,430,{"id":939,"source_url":940,"license_code":506,"credit_html":941,"title":942,"description":943,"author":587,"original_width":944,"original_height":512},75914,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10170662","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10170662\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-Pyrophyllite-270200.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrophyllite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrophyllite\">Pyrophyllite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Champion Mine (White Mountain Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWhite_Mountain\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:White Mountain\">White Mountain\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLaw\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Law\">Laws\u003C\u002Fa>, White Mts, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMono_County,_California\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Mono County, California\">Mono County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalifornia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:California\">California\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3510.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.9 x 3.5 x 2.7 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A highly lustrous, euhedral, sharp, deep wine-red rutile crystal is perched atop pyrophyllite matrix on this classic, older material from the Champion Mine of California. The crystal measures 2.4 x 2.4 cm. Classic material, much rarer than Georgia rutile. Ex. Mullane Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",438,{"id":946,"source_url":947,"license_code":506,"credit_html":948,"title":949,"description":950,"author":543,"original_width":951,"original_height":952},77654,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=6421302","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=6421302\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Quartz rutile.jpg","Rutile on quartz -  Minas Gerais - Brasil (3.5x2.5cm)",2667,1902,{"id":954,"source_url":955,"license_code":500,"credit_html":956,"title":957,"description":958,"author":959,"original_width":960,"original_height":961},77657,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157392780","W.carter, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157392780\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Egg-shaped rutile quartz 1.jpg","Egg-shaped rutile quartz, about the size of a regular chicken egg. Studio photography in Vibble, Visby, Gotland, Sweden.","W.carter",4048,3036,{"id":963,"source_url":964,"license_code":500,"credit_html":965,"title":966,"description":958,"author":959,"original_width":960,"original_height":961},77658,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157392781","W.carter, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157392781\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Egg-shaped rutile quartz 2.jpg",{"id":968,"source_url":969,"license_code":500,"credit_html":970,"title":971,"description":972,"author":959,"original_width":973,"original_height":974},77659,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157540132","W.carter, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157540132\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Small egg-shaped rutile quartz 1.jpg","Small egg-shaped rutile quartz. Studio photography in Vibble, Visby, Gotland, Sweden.",1280,960,{"id":976,"source_url":977,"license_code":500,"credit_html":978,"title":979,"description":972,"author":959,"original_width":973,"original_height":974},77660,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157540133","W.carter, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=157540133\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Small egg-shaped rutile quartz 2.jpg",{"id":981,"source_url":982,"license_code":516,"credit_html":983,"title":984,"description":985,"author":959,"original_width":986,"original_height":987},77661,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=159582471","W.carter, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=159582471\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Fancy cut rutile quartz gemstone 3.jpg","Fancy cut rutile quartz gemstone. Studio photography in the workshop of Sophies Silver, Gåseberg, Lysekil Municipality, Sweden.",1030,1544,{"id":989,"source_url":990,"license_code":516,"credit_html":991,"title":992,"description":985,"author":959,"original_width":790,"original_height":993},77663,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=159582473","W.carter, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=159582473\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Fancy cut rutile quartz gemstone 1.jpg",3017,{"id":995,"source_url":996,"license_code":516,"credit_html":997,"title":998,"description":985,"author":959,"original_width":999,"original_height":1000},77664,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=159582475","W.carter, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=159582475\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Fancy cut rutile quartz gemstone.jpg",3626,2417,{"id":1002,"source_url":1003,"license_code":506,"credit_html":1004,"title":1005,"description":1006,"author":587,"original_width":1007,"original_height":936},77769,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10124169","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10124169\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-32376.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, variety Sagenite\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-387.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An incredibly complex cluster of cross-hatched crystals of rutile - a thin plate of solid crystals - with hints of red color - from recent finds in Minas Gerais. This incredible complexity is mesmerizing. Slight damage to the outer edges , as is typical from extracting these sheets from the pockets, but no damage to the display face and it really displays well! 5.2 x 2.4 x 0.2 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",375,{"id":1009,"source_url":1010,"license_code":506,"credit_html":1011,"title":1012,"description":1013,"author":587,"original_width":1014,"original_height":1015},77770,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10136202","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10136202\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Rutile-62283.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>, variety Sagenite\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDiamantina\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Diamantina\">Diamantina\u003C\u002Fa>, Jequitinhonha valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-396.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A GORGEOUS, metallic-bright, delicate wafer of herringbone-patterned rutile needles from Diamantina, Brazil. An exquisite, two-sided specimen. 4.5 x 3.6 x 0.1 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",476,496,{"id":1017,"source_url":1018,"license_code":506,"credit_html":1019,"title":1020,"description":1021,"author":587,"original_width":788,"original_height":511},86588,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146307","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146307\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Xenotime-(Y)-Rutile-153548.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FXenotime\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Xenotime\">Xenotime-(Y)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FIbitiara\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ibitiara\">Ibitiara\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBahia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bahia\">Bahia\u003C\u002Fa>, Northeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-157035.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.3 x 2.5 x 2.1 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>I received just before the show a parcel from Brazil with about 50 crystals from one single pocket, showing some of the best equant form I have ever seen in the species. These crystals are uniformly fat and deep, not skinny, as from past finds in Brazil. Many, such as this one, were included with golden rutile which adds welcome color flashes on the surface. Also, they have wonderful brown color and lustre, like a fine wood-grained table of high polish. Most xenotime is dull and earthy. Out of the whole lot, this was the finest and most robust crystal, and it is in good condition as well (complete all around). This is MAJOR, of an incredible quality for the species where crystals of this size are normally earthy and dull.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":1023,"source_url":1024,"license_code":506,"credit_html":1025,"title":1026,"description":1027,"author":587,"original_width":679,"original_height":511},86589,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10151684","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10151684\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Xenotime-(Y)-Rutile-177576.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FXenotime\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Xenotime\">Xenotime-(Y)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNovo_Horizonte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Novo Horizonte\">Novo Horizonte\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBahia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bahia\">Bahia\u003C\u002Fa>, Northeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-5387.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.8 x 1.6 x 1.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a large and well-developed xenotime crystal with unusually good lustre, rich chocolate color, and unusually equant crystallographic form. As a final accent, we have inclusions of golden rutile in the xenotime, included 0.1 to 1 mm below the surface.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":1029,"source_url":1030,"license_code":506,"credit_html":1031,"title":1032,"description":1033,"author":587,"original_width":1034,"original_height":511},86590,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10151691","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10151691\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Xenotime-(Y)-Rutile-177578.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FXenotime\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Xenotime\">Xenotime-(Y)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNovo_Horizonte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Novo Horizonte\">Novo Horizonte\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBahia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bahia\">Bahia\u003C\u002Fa>, Northeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-5387.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.4 x 2 x 2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a large and well-developed xenotime crystal with unusually good lustre, rich chocolate color, and unusually equant crystallographic form. As a final accent, we have inclusions of golden rutile in the xenotime, included 0.1 to 1 mm below the surface.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",709,{"id":1036,"source_url":1037,"license_code":506,"credit_html":1038,"title":1039,"description":1040,"author":587,"original_width":1041,"original_height":1042},86591,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167963","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167963\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Xenotime-(Y)-Rutile-253943.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FXenotime\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Xenotime\">Xenotime-(Y)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRutile\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Rutile\">Rutile\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNovo_Horizonte\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Novo Horizonte\">Novo Horizonte\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBahia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bahia\">Bahia\u003C\u002Fa>, Northeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-5387.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.7 x 0.9 x 0.8 cm. X\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>enotime is an uncommon yttrium phosphate. This classic, for the species and locality, crystal has high lustre, rich chocolate-brown color and textbook tetragonal form with a steep, pyramidal termination. The crystal is moderately translucent and as a final accent, there are inclusions of flashy, golden rutile needles. Excellent material from a find of about 2004.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",499,750,{"id":1044,"source_url":1045,"license_code":506,"credit_html":1046,"title":1047,"description":1040,"author":587,"original_width":774,"original_height":512},86592,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167964","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167964\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Xenotime-(Y)-Rutile-253944.jpg",{"id":97,"source_url":1049,"license_code":500,"credit_html":1050,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":502,"original_height":1051},"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F91581","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F91581\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",681,[1053,1059,1064,1069,1074],{"id":1054,"url":1055,"label":1056,"formula":1057,"spacegroup":1058,"year":380},12319,"\u002Fcif\u002F12319.cif","Swope 1995 · Ti.96 Nb.011 Cr.012 Al.011 Fe.008 O2 H.108","Ti.96 Nb.011 Cr.012 Al.011 Fe.008 O2 H.108","P 42\u002Fm n m",{"id":1060,"url":1061,"label":1062,"formula":1063,"spacegroup":1058,"year":380},12320,"\u002Fcif\u002F12320.cif","Swope 1995 · Ti.91 Al.08 Nb.01 Cr.01 O2","Ti.91 Al.08 Nb.01 Cr.01 O2",{"id":1065,"url":1066,"label":1067,"formula":1068,"spacegroup":1058,"year":380},12321,"\u002Fcif\u002F12321.cif","Swope 1995 · Ti.992 O2","Ti.992 O2",{"id":1070,"url":1071,"label":1072,"formula":1073,"spacegroup":1058,"year":375},12322,"\u002Fcif\u002F12322.cif","Howard 1991","Ti O2",{"id":1075,"url":1076,"label":1077,"formula":1073,"spacegroup":1058,"year":356},12323,"\u002Fcif\u002F12323.cif","Meagher 1979",[1079,1080,1081,1082,1083,1084,1085,1086,1087,1088,1089,1090,1091,1092,1093,1094,1095,1096,1097,1098,1099,1100,1101,1102,1103],"Acerillo","Cajuelit","Cajuelita","Cajuelite","Chorlo Rojo","Crispite","Dicksbergit","Dicksbergite","Edisonit","Flèches d'amour","Gallitzinit","Gallitzinite","Love Arrows","Naumannite (of Koksharov)","Paraedrit","Paraedrite","Red Schorl","Rother Schorl","Rutilit","Schorl Rouge","Titane oxydé","Titane oxydé chromifère","Titanite (of Kirwan)","Titankalk","Titanschorl",[1105,1109,1114,1118,1122,1126,1130,1133,1137,1141,1146,1150,1154,1158,1162,1167,1171,1182,1186,1190,1194,1197,1200,1204,1207,1210,1215,1219,1223,1227,1230,1233,1236,1240,1243,1247,1250,1254,1258,1261,1264,1268,1271,1274,1277,1281,1284,1287,1290,1293,1297,1300,1304,1307,1317,1320,1323,1327,1330,1333,1336,1339,1342],{"lang":1106,"names":1107},"af",[1108],"Rutiel",{"lang":1110,"names":1111},"ar",[1112,1113],"الروتيل","روتيل",{"lang":1115,"names":1116},"az",[1117],"Rutil",{"lang":1119,"names":1120},"be",[1121],"рутыл",{"lang":1123,"names":1124},"bg",[1125],"рутил",{"lang":1127,"names":1128},"bn",[1129],"রুটাইল",{"lang":1131,"names":1132},"bs",[1117],{"lang":1134,"names":1135},"ca",[1136],"rútil",{"lang":1138,"names":1139},"cs",[1140],"rutil",{"lang":1142,"names":1143},"de",[1144,1117,1145],"Diamonit","Rutil-Struktur",{"lang":1147,"names":1148},"el",[1149],"Ρουτίλιο",{"lang":1151,"names":1152},"es",[1153],"rutilo",{"lang":1155,"names":1156},"et",[1157],"rutiil",{"lang":1159,"names":1160},"eu",[1161],"Errutilo",{"lang":1163,"names":1164},"fa",[1165,1166],"روتایل","روتیل",{"lang":1168,"names":1169},"fi",[1170],"Rutiili",{"lang":1172,"names":1173},"fr",[1174,1175,1176,1177,1178,1179,1180,1181],"cajuélite","crispite","dicksbergite","édisonite","lustérite","paraédrite","rutile","titane oxydé",{"lang":1183,"names":1184},"ga",[1185],"rúitíl",{"lang":1187,"names":1188},"gl",[1189],"Rutilo",{"lang":1191,"names":1192},"he",[1193],"רוטיל",{"lang":1195,"names":1196},"hr",[1117],{"lang":1198,"names":1199},"hu",[1140],{"lang":1201,"names":1202},"hy",[1203],"Ռուտիլ",{"lang":1205,"names":1206},"id",[1117],{"lang":1208,"names":1209},"it",[1153],{"lang":1211,"names":1212},"ja",[1213,1214],"ルチル","金紅石",{"lang":1216,"names":1217},"ka",[1218],"რუტილი",{"lang":1220,"names":1221},"kk",[1222],"Рутил",{"lang":1224,"names":1225},"kk-arab",[1226],"رۋتىيل",{"lang":1228,"names":1229},"kk-cn",[1226],{"lang":1231,"names":1232},"kk-cyrl",[1222],{"lang":1234,"names":1235},"kk-kz",[1222],{"lang":1237,"names":1238},"kk-latn",[1239],"Rwtïl",{"lang":1241,"names":1242},"kk-tr",[1239],{"lang":1244,"names":1245},"ko",[1246],"금홍석",{"lang":1248,"names":1249},"ky",[1222],{"lang":1251,"names":1252},"lt",[1253],"Rutilas",{"lang":1255,"names":1256},"mg",[1257],"Rotila",{"lang":1259,"names":1260},"mk",[1125],{"lang":1262,"names":1263},"nb",[1140],{"lang":1265,"names":1266},"nl",[1267],"rutiel",{"lang":1269,"names":1270},"nn",[1140],{"lang":1272,"names":1273},"no",[1117],{"lang":1275,"names":1276},"oc",[7],{"lang":1278,"names":1279},"pl",[1280],"rutyl",{"lang":1282,"names":1283},"pt",[1153],{"lang":1285,"names":1286},"ro",[1140],{"lang":1288,"names":1289},"ru",[1125],{"lang":1291,"names":1292},"sk",[1117],{"lang":1294,"names":1295},"sl",[1140,1296],"Titanov dioksid",{"lang":1298,"names":1299},"sv",[1117],{"lang":1301,"names":1302},"th",[1303],"รูไทล์",{"lang":1305,"names":1306},"tr",[1117],{"lang":1308,"names":1309},"uk",[1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1315,1125,1316],"ґалітциніт","едісоніт","кажуеліт","кахуеліт","каюеліт","руда титанова","титаншерл",{"lang":1318,"names":1319},"uz",[1117],{"lang":1321,"names":1322},"vi",[1117],{"lang":1324,"names":1325},"zh",[1326],"金红石",{"lang":1328,"names":1329},"zh-cn",[1326],{"lang":1331,"names":1332},"zh-hans",[1326],{"lang":1334,"names":1335},"zh-hant",[1214],{"lang":1337,"names":1338},"zh-hk",[1214],{"lang":1340,"names":1341},"zh-sg",[1326],{"lang":1343,"names":1344},"zh-tw",[1214],"Q320603",{"history":1347,"applications":1351},{"markdown":1348,"model_version":1349,"prompt_version":1350,"reviewed_at":11},"The name **rutile** comes from the Latin *rutilus* — reddish or golden-red — for the deep red glow some crystals show when light passes through them[1].\n\nLong before the species had a single name, eighteenth-century mineralogists were circling it under different labels. In 1772, Ignaz von Born catalogued specimens from Murán, near Revúca in present-day Slovakia, as *Basaltes crystallisatus ruber* — red crystalline schorl, the older catch-all term for dark, prismatic crystals[2]. Romé de L'Isle in 1783 wrote of *schorl rouge ou purpre* found as needle-like inclusions in quartz from Madagascar[3]. Saussure in 1796 described slender bundles of crystals from St. Gothard, in Switzerland, under the name *sagenite*, now recognised as a variety of rutile[4].\n\nQuartz threaded with those same delicate red needles has its own ornamental afterlife. Stones of this kind are called rutilated quartz, or *Venus's-hairstone*, and have been worked as ornamental material for centuries[5].\n\nThe mineral mattered to chemistry before it had a settled mineralogical name. In 1795, Martin Heinrich Klaproth analysed a specimen of *Hungarian red schorl* — the same red-schorl material from what is today Slovakia — and identified the new element titanium inside it[6]. Richard Kirwan called the mineral *titanite* in 1796, and Haüy in 1801 used the name *titane oxydé*[7].\n\nThe name we use today was put forward by the German geologist Abraham Gottlob Werner. Werner first proposed it around 1800, and the formal description is generally dated to 1803[8]. The type locality is given as Horcajuelo de la Sierra, near Madrid, Spain[9].\n\nRutile is one of three natural forms of titanium dioxide. The others — **anatase** and **brookite** — share the same chemistry, TiO₂, but pack their atoms differently and so behave as separate mineral species[10]. Rutile is the most stable of the three at every temperature, which is why it dominates the natural occurrences of TiO₂[11].","claude-opus-4-7","1.7.0",{"markdown":1352,"model_version":1349,"prompt_version":1350,"reviewed_at":11},"Rutile is the densest and most stable natural form of titanium dioxide, and that simple fact carries most of its modern industrial weight. The mineral feeds three main streams of manufacture: titanium dioxide pigment, titanium metal, and refractory ceramics[1].\n\nThe dominant use, by a wide margin, is white pigment. Finely powdered rutile is a brilliant white pigment used in paints, plastics, paper, and foods[2]. Roughly 95% of all titanium consumed worldwide ends up in this form — titanium dioxide pigment for everyday surfaces[3]. Titanium dioxide pigment is the single greatest use of titanium worldwide[4].\n\nA much smaller but high-value share of rutile feeds the production of **titanium metal**, prized in aerospace components, marine hardware, and medical implants for its strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance. Rutile and ilmenite are the two main mineral feedstocks that enter the chemistry leading to metallic titanium[1]. In the global picture, however, ilmenite accounts for about 90% of titanium-mineral consumption — rutile is the higher-grade, lower-volume partner[5].\n\nRutile also coats welding rods. The mineral serves as an electrode covering, where it stabilises the arc and shapes the protective slag layer that forms over the weld[6]. Smaller industrial roles include colouring porcelain and glass and producing certain steel and copper alloys[7].\n\nIn gemmology, rutile shows up not as the cut stone but as the inclusion. Tiny needles of rutile inside a host gem scatter incoming light along their crystallographic axes and produce the star-shaped reflections known as asterism — the optical signature of star sapphires and star rubies[8].\n\nSupply of natural rutile is concentrated in a handful of countries. South Africa (53%), Australia (29%), Kenya (8%), and Ukraine (8%) were the leading sources of natural rutile imported by the United States in recent years[9].\\\nAll United States imports of synthetic rutile — a manufactured upgrade of ilmenite to a higher TiO₂ grade — came from China[9]. Global reserves of anatase, ilmenite, and rutile combined exceed two billion tons[10]."]