[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:3688":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":16,"elements":17,"sigelements":21,"key_elements":22,"impurities":23,"cim":24,"ima_status":25,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":28,"strunz10ed1":29,"strunz10ed2":30,"strunz10ed3":31,"strunz10ed4":32,"dana8ed1":33,"dana8ed2":34,"dana8ed3":34,"dana8ed4":35,"csystem":36,"cclass":37,"spacegroup":38,"spacegroupset":39,"a":40,"b":39,"c":41,"alpha":39,"beta":39,"gamma":39,"aerror":42,"berror":11,"cerror":43,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":11,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":44,"twinning":45,"tranglide":46,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":47,"morphology":48,"tlform":11,"hmin":49,"hmax":50,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":39,"vhnmax":39,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":51,"dmeas2":52,"dcalc":53,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":54,"lustretype":55,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":56,"streak":57,"colour":58,"commentcolor":59,"colors":60,"streak_colors":69,"luminescence":11,"uv":70,"cleavage":71,"cleavagetype":72,"fracturetype":73,"tenacity":74,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":75,"opticalsign":76,"opticalalpha":39,"opticalalpha2":39,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":39,"opticalbeta2":39,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":39,"opticalgamma2":39,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":77,"opticalomega2":78,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":79,"opticalepsilon2":80,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":39,"opticaln2":39,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":39,"optical2vcalc2":39,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":39,"optical2vmeasured2":39,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":81,"rimax":82,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":83,"industrial":84,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":85,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":86,"aboutname":87,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":88,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":89,"group_members":103,"associates":162,"confused_with":317,"type_localities":318,"occurrence_total":319,"citations":320,"images":529,"structures":960,"synonyms":973,"language_names":993,"wikidata_qid":1211,"texts":1212},3688,"1:1:3688:3","51ffb97f-a58a-4ca3-bd3f-5a40d7359f5d","Smithsonite","Smt",0,"mineral",null,29161,75110,false,"ZnCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","Zn(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)",[18,19,20],"Zn","O","C",[18,19,20],[18],"Fe,Co,Cu,Mn,Ca,Cd,Mg,In","11.6.1",[26,27],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1832","5","A","B","05","14","1","6","Trigonal",13,98,"0","4.6526","15.0257",7,22,"Cell parameters are similar to those of magnesite.","None observed. ","Translation gliding with T{0001}, \u003Cmi>t{10_10}\u003C\u002Fmi>.","Smithsonite upon calcite with parallel axes. Oriented pseudomorphs of ZnO are formed by thermal dissociation. Otavite oriented growths on Smithsonite (Tsumeb).","Crystals rhombohedral\u003Cmi> {101_1}; less commonly {022_1}\u003C\u002Fmi>. Crystal faces usually curved and rough or composite; rarely scalenohedral. Botryoidal, reniform, or stalactic; incrustations; coarsely granular to compact massive; earthy, friable.",4,4.5,"4.42","4.44","4.43","Vitreous to Pearly","Vitreous,Pearly","Translucent","White","White, grey, yellow, green to apple-green, blue, pink, purple, bluish grey, and brown; colourless or faintly tinted in transmitted light.","Trace elements can be the direct cause of colour. Iron and manganese are enriched in orange-yellow smithsonites. The Cd2+ ion itself is not the cause of colour; only the presence of greenockite inclusions is related to “turkey fat” yellow in smithsonite. Manganese substitution of zinc is limited and changes the colour of smithsonite to pink.\r\nOnly blue and cyan (blue-green) smithsonite samples contain weak Raman peaks at around 1200 cm−1 and Cu2+ concentrations higher than the detection limit of the test. The blue and cyan (blue-green) colours are both due to the (CO3)− radicals, nano-sized inclusions formed by Cu2+ ions, and aurichalcite inclusions (or aurichalcite–hemimorphite layers). As for the cyan smithsonite, the aurichalcite–hemimorphite layers are the major factor affecting colour.\r\nDing et al (2023)",[61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68],"white","gray","yellow","green","blue","pink","purple","brown",[61],"May fluoresce pale green or pale blue.","On \u003Cmi>{10_11}\u003C\u002Fmi>.","Very Good","Irregular\u002FUneven,Sub-Conchoidal","brittle","Uniaxial","-","1.842","1.85","1.619","1.623",1.619,1.85,"Soluble in acids (e.g. dilute HCl) with effervescence. Calcite reacts stronger in comparison.","Ore of zinc.","Oxidised zones of zinc ore deposits.","Calcite Group. Siderite-Smithsonite Series.\r\n\r\nSmithsonite is often found as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zone of zinc ore deposits. It can also be observed in sedimentary deposits and as a direct oxidation product of sphalerite.","Lapis calaminaris was a name used by Agricola in 1546. In 1747, Johan Gottschalk Wallerius (Vallerius) used the simplified form \u003Cem>calamine\u003C\u002Fem> for the zinc carbonate. In 1780, Torbern Bergmann analyzed calamines and found they were mixed ores of zinc carbonates and silicates. In 1803, James Smithson made a systematic investigation of calamines and showed that ores identified as calamine consisted of several different minerals: a carbonate and a silicate. The carbonate \"calamine\" was re-named smithsonite in 1832 by François Sulpice Beudant in honor of James Smithson [1754-1829], British chemist, mineralogist, and benefactor of the Smithsonian Institution (Washington, DC, USA).","2025-08-11 12:14:23",[90,96,99],{"id":91,"name":92,"entrytype":93,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":94,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":95},1089,"Cobalt-bearing Smithsonite",2,"(Zn,Co)CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",49935,{"id":97,"name":98,"entrytype":93,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":11,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":39,"dcalc":39,"primary_image_id":11},11408,"Dry Bone 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· 3H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","LaCu\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>·3H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","3.65","3.62",367,{"id":181,"name":182,"entrytype":9,"csystem":166,"ima_formula":183,"mindat_formula":184,"hmin":185,"hmax":109,"dmeas":186,"dcalc":187,"primary_image_id":188},233,"Anglesite","Pb(SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","PbSO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",2.5,"6.37","6.36",1430,{"id":190,"name":191,"entrytype":9,"csystem":166,"ima_formula":107,"mindat_formula":108,"hmin":127,"hmax":49,"dmeas":192,"dcalc":193,"primary_image_id":194},307,"Aragonite","2.947","2.944",29132,{"id":196,"name":197,"entrytype":9,"csystem":198,"ima_formula":199,"mindat_formula":199,"hmin":200,"hmax":93,"dmeas":151,"dcalc":201,"primary_image_id":202},422,"Aurichalcite","Monoclinic","(Zn,Cu)\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>",1,"3.93",2314,{"id":204,"name":205,"entrytype":9,"csystem":198,"ima_formula":206,"mindat_formula":206,"hmin":127,"hmax":49,"dmeas":207,"dcalc":208,"primary_image_id":209},447,"Azurite","Cu\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.77","3.834",29186,{"id":211,"name":212,"entrytype":9,"csystem":166,"ima_formula":213,"mindat_formula":214,"hmin":109,"hmax":127,"dmeas":215,"dcalc":216,"primary_image_id":217},934,"Cerussite","Pb(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","PbCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","6.53","6.558",5045,{"id":219,"name":220,"entrytype":9,"csystem":174,"ima_formula":221,"mindat_formula":222,"hmin":200,"hmax":200,"dmeas":223,"dcalc":224,"primary_image_id":225},1707,"Glaucocerinite","(Zn\u003Csub>1-x\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>x\u003C\u002Fsub>)(SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>x\u002F2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · nH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O (x \u003C 0.5, n > 3x\u002F2)","(Zn\u003Csub>1-x\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>x\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>x\u002F2\u003C\u002Fsub>·nH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","2.749","2.33",10015,{"id":227,"name":228,"entrytype":9,"csystem":174,"ima_formula":229,"mindat_formula":229,"hmin":109,"hmax":127,"dmeas":230,"dcalc":231,"primary_image_id":232},1746,"Greenockite","CdS","4.8","4.824",29813,{"id":234,"name":235,"entrytype":9,"csystem":166,"ima_formula":236,"mindat_formula":237,"hmin":50,"hmax":118,"dmeas":238,"dcalc":239,"primary_image_id":240},1860,"Hemimorphite","Zn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Zn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","3.475","3.484",11125,{"id":242,"name":243,"entrytype":9,"csystem":198,"ima_formula":244,"mindat_formula":244,"hmin":93,"hmax":185,"dmeas":245,"dcalc":246,"primary_image_id":247},1993,"Hydrozincite","Zn\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.5","3.97",12029,{"id":249,"name":250,"entrytype":9,"csystem":198,"ima_formula":251,"mindat_formula":252,"hmin":50,"hmax":50,"dmeas":253,"dcalc":254,"primary_image_id":255},2365,"Legrandite","Zn\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH) · H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Zn\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)·H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","3.98","4.015",14278,{"id":257,"name":258,"entrytype":9,"csystem":198,"ima_formula":259,"mindat_formula":259,"hmin":127,"hmax":49,"dmeas":260,"dcalc":261,"primary_image_id":262},2550,"Malachite","Cu\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.6","4",30149,{"id":264,"name":265,"entrytype":9,"csystem":174,"ima_formula":266,"mindat_formula":266,"hmin":127,"hmax":49,"dmeas":267,"dcalc":268,"primary_image_id":269},2714,"Mimetite","Pb\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl","7.24","7.26",30195,{"id":271,"name":272,"entrytype":9,"csystem":166,"ima_formula":273,"mindat_formula":274,"hmin":127,"hmax":49,"dmeas":275,"dcalc":276,"primary_image_id":277},2827,"Nadorite","PbSb\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl","PbSbClO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","7.02","7.06",16960,{"id":279,"name":280,"entrytype":9,"csystem":281,"ima_formula":282,"mindat_formula":283,"hmin":284,"hmax":284,"dmeas":39,"dcalc":285,"primary_image_id":11},10918,"Paceite","Tetragonal","CaCu(CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>COO)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub> · 6H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","CaCu(CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>COO)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>·6H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",1.5,"1.472",{"id":287,"name":288,"entrytype":9,"csystem":174,"ima_formula":289,"mindat_formula":289,"hmin":127,"hmax":49,"dmeas":290,"dcalc":291,"primary_image_id":292},3320,"Pyromorphite","Pb\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl","7.04","7.109",20271,{"id":294,"name":295,"entrytype":9,"csystem":198,"ima_formula":296,"mindat_formula":297,"hmin":109,"hmax":109,"dmeas":298,"dcalc":299,"primary_image_id":300},3722,"Spencerite","Zn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · 3H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Zn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·3H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","3.123","3.282",22621,{"id":302,"name":303,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":304,"mindat_formula":304,"hmin":305,"hmax":305,"dmeas":306,"dcalc":307,"primary_image_id":308},4292,"Willemite","Zn\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",5.5,"3.89","4.224",30976,{"id":310,"name":311,"entrytype":9,"csystem":281,"ima_formula":312,"mindat_formula":313,"hmin":185,"hmax":109,"dmeas":314,"dcalc":315,"primary_image_id":316},4322,"Wulfenite","PbMoO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","Pb(MoO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","6.5","6.88",30992,[],[],2492,[321,325,329,333,337,341,345,349,353,357,361,365,369,372,376,381,386,390,393,397,401,404,408,412,416,421,425,429,433,437,441,445,449,454,458,462,467,471,476,480,485,490,494,498,501,506,511,515,519,524],{"id":322,"year":323,"html":324,"doi":11},16123744,1780,"Bergmann, T. (1780) Opuscula of Tobernus Bergmann: 209.",{"id":326,"year":327,"html":328,"doi":11},16520514,1783,"Bergman, Torbern (1783) \u003Ci>Sciagraphia Regni Mineralis Secundum Principia Proxima Digesti [Sketch of the Mineral Kingdom According to the Proximate Principles of Digestion]\u003C\u002Fi>. Apud Johannem Murray, Londini. 165pp. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fb33021491\u002Fb33021491.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":330,"year":331,"html":332,"doi":11},16123746,1827,"Brongniart, A. (1827) 47 (as Zinc carbonaté).",{"id":334,"year":335,"html":336,"doi":11},18530121,1832,"Beudant, François-Sulpice (1832) \u003Ci>Traité élémentaire de minéralogie. Deuxiéme Edition [Elementary Treatise on Mineralogy. Second Edition]\u003C\u002Fi> (2nd ed.) Vol. 2 - Tome II [Volume  II]. Chez Verdière. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Farchive.org\u002Fdownload\u002Fbub_gb_XSRCAAAAcAAJ\u002Fbub_gb_XSRCAAAAcAAJ.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":338,"year":339,"html":340,"doi":11},1118645,1837,"Dana, James D. (1837) \u003Ci>A System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (1st ed.)",{"id":342,"year":343,"html":344,"doi":11},16123753,1841,"Breithaupt, A. (1841) Vollständige Handbuch der Mineralogie Vol. 2: 236 241.",{"id":346,"year":347,"html":348,"doi":11},1118648,1844,"Dana, James D. (1844) \u003Ci>A System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (2nd ed.) Wiley and Putnam. p.633",{"id":350,"year":351,"html":352,"doi":11},16123750,1850,"Monheim (1850) Journal für praktische Chemie, Leipzig: 49: 382.",{"id":354,"year":355,"html":356,"doi":11},16123751,1851,"Monheim (1851) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart: 705.",{"id":358,"year":359,"html":360,"doi":11},1118641,1854,"Dana, James D. (1854) \u003Ci>A System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (4th ed.). p.1-849.",{"id":362,"year":363,"html":364,"doi":11},16123754,1874,"Tanner (1874) Chemical News and Journal of Industrial Science, London: 30: 141.",{"id":366,"year":367,"html":368,"doi":11},16123755,1896,"Christomanos (1896) Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 123: 62.",{"id":370,"year":367,"html":371,"doi":11},16123756,"Ortloff (1896) Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Leipzig, Berlin: 19: 214.",{"id":373,"year":374,"html":375,"doi":11},16123757,1903,"Bergt (1903) Isis: 1: 20.",{"id":377,"year":378,"html":379,"doi":380},399779,1906,"Buttgenbach, Henri Jean-François (1906) Note sur des cristaux de smithsonite. \u003Ci>Bulletin de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi>,  29 (4) 190-192 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1906.2779'>doi:10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1906.2779\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1906.2779",{"id":382,"year":383,"html":384,"doi":385},4769,1908,"Spencer, L. J. (1908) On Hopeite and other zinc phosphates and associated minerals from the Broken Hill mines, North-Western Rhodesia. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  15 (68) 1-38 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1908.015.68.02'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1908.015.68.02\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_15\u002F15-68-1.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1908.015.68.02",{"id":387,"year":388,"html":389,"doi":11},16123759,1911,"Doelter, C. (1911) Handbuch der Mineral-chemie (in 4 volumes divided into parts): 1: 443.",{"id":391,"year":388,"html":392,"doi":11},16123760,"Manasse (1911) Mem. Soc. Tosc.: 27: 76.",{"id":394,"year":395,"html":396,"doi":11},16123761,1915,"Pilipenko (1915) Bulletin of the Imperial Tomsk University: 763.",{"id":398,"year":399,"html":400,"doi":11},16123762,1918,"Honess, A.P. (1918) On the etching figures of the dihexagonal alternating type. American Journal of Science: 45: 201-221 (217).",{"id":402,"year":399,"html":403,"doi":11},16123763,"Johnsen and Veit (1918) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 265.",{"id":405,"year":406,"html":407,"doi":11},4468631,1923,"(1923) \u003Ci>Atlas Der Krystallformen\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 9 - Text - Band IX - Trechmannit-Zoisit und Nachträge. Carl Winters Universitätsbuchhandlung, Heidelberg.",{"id":409,"year":410,"html":411,"doi":11},16123765,1924,"Müller (1924) Ind. Eng. Chem.: 16: 604.",{"id":413,"year":414,"html":415,"doi":11},519315,1925,"(1925) Notes and News. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  10 (1) 18-19 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM10\u002FAM10_18.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":417,"year":418,"html":419,"doi":420},7017,1926,"Mountain, E. D. (1926) Smithsonite from the Rhodesia Broken Hill mines. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  21 (113) 51-54 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1926.021.113.04'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1926.021.113.04\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_21\u002F21-113-51.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1926.021.113.04",{"id":422,"year":423,"html":424,"doi":11},16123768,1927,"Hintze, Carl (1927) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [3A]: 3243.",{"id":426,"year":427,"html":428,"doi":11},16958316,1928,"Palache, C. (1928) Mineralogical notes on Franklin and Sterling Hill, New Jersey. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  13 (7) 297-329 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM13\u002FAM13_297.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":430,"year":431,"html":432,"doi":11},16123770,1932,"Goldschmidt and Hauptmann (1932) Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, Berlin. Mathematisch-physikalische Klasse, Nachrichten: 53.",{"id":434,"year":435,"html":436,"doi":11},16123771,1935,"Mehmet and Valensi (1935) Bull. Soc. chim. France: 2: 1295.",{"id":438,"year":439,"html":440,"doi":11},520832,1938,"Schaller, W. T., Fairchild, J. G. (1938) Cadmium in smithsonite from New Mexico. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  23 (12) 894-897 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM23\u002FAM23_894.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":442,"year":443,"html":444,"doi":11},16958315,1939,"Rose, Adolphe (1939) Sur la dissociation thermique du carbonate de zinc. \u003Ci>Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences de Paris\u003C\u002Fi>,  208. p.905-906.",{"id":446,"year":447,"html":448,"doi":11},16123774,1944,"Neuhaus (1944) Ber. Freiberger Geol. Ges., no. 20: 39.",{"id":450,"year":451,"html":452,"doi":453},400612,1948,"Rose, Adolphe-Jean (1948) Améliorations apportées à l'obtention des spectres Debye et Scherrer. Contribution à l'étude de l'oxyde de zinc actif. \u003Ci>Bulletin de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi>,  71 (1) 15-108 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1948.4645'>doi:10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1948.4645\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1948.4645",{"id":455,"year":456,"html":457,"doi":11},1118652,1951,"Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.",{"id":459,"year":460,"html":461,"doi":11},522456,1954,"Hurlbut, Cornelius S. (1954) Smithsonite from Broken Hill Mine, Rhodesia. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  39 (1-2) 47-50 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM39\u002FAM39_47.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":463,"year":464,"html":465,"doi":466},232766,1956,"Harker, Robert Ian, Hutta, J. J. (1956) The stability of smithsonite. \u003Ci>Economic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  51 (4) 375-381 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.51.4.375'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.51.4.375\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.51.4.375",{"id":468,"year":469,"html":470,"doi":11},16123778,1958,"Swanson, H.E., Gilfrich, N.T., Cook, M.I., Stinchfield, R., Parks, P.C. (1958) Standard X-ray diffraction powder patterns. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, Circular 539, 8, pg 69.",{"id":472,"year":473,"html":474,"doi":475},109929,1981,"Effenberger, H., Mereiter, Κ., Zemann, J. (1981) Crystal structure refinements of magnesite, calcite, rhodochrosite, siderite, smithonite [sic], and dolomite, with discussion of some aspects of the stereochemistry of calcite type carbonates. \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials\u003C\u002Fi>,  156 (1-4) 233 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1981.156.14.233'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1981.156.14.233\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002Fzk\u002Fvol156\u002FZK156_233.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1981.156.14.233",{"id":477,"year":478,"html":479,"doi":11},17002114,1983,"Reeder, R.J. (Ed.) (1983) Carbonates: Mineralogy and Geochemistry. \u003Ci>Reviews in Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 11. Mineralogical Society of America",{"id":481,"year":482,"html":483,"doi":484},14275964,1989,"Robie, Richard A., Haselton, H.T., Hemingway, Bruce S. (1989) Heat capacities and entropies at 298.15 K of MgTiO3 (geikielite), ZnO (zincite), and ZnCO3 (smithsonite) \u003Ci>The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics\u003C\u002Fi>, 21 (7) 743-749 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0021-9614(89)90058-x'>doi:10.1016\u002F0021-9614(89)90058-x\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0021-9614(89)90058-x",{"id":486,"year":487,"html":488,"doi":489},16957423,2002,"Frisch, Patricia L., Lueth, Virgil W., Hlava, Paul F. (2002) The colors of smithsonite: a microchemical investigation. \u003Ci>2002 New Mexico Mineral Symposium, Proceedings Volume\u003C\u002Fi>, New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources.  \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.58799\u002Fnmms-2002.251'>doi:10.58799\u002Fnmms-2002.251\u003C\u002Fa>","10.58799\u002Fnmms-2002.251",{"id":491,"year":492,"html":493,"doi":11},16771791,2003,"Anthony, John Williams, Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. (2003) \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 5 - Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, Arizona.",{"id":495,"year":496,"html":497,"doi":11},16045883,2005,"Katerinopoulos, A., Solomos, C. & Voudouris, P. (2005): Lavrion smithsonites: A mineralogical and mineral chemical study of their coloration. In: Mao, J.W. and Bierlein, F.P. (Eds.): Mineral deposit research: Meeting the global challenge. Springer, Berlin, 983-986.",{"id":499,"year":496,"html":500,"doi":11},16967363,"(2005) Smithsonite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fsmithsonite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":502,"year":503,"html":504,"doi":505},16958310,2007,"Hales, Matthew C.; Frost, Ray L. (2007) Synthesis and vibrational spectroscopic characterisation of synthetic hydrozincite and smithsonite. \u003Ci>Polyhedron\u003C\u002Fi>,  26 (17). 4955-4962 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.poly.2007.07.002'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.poly.2007.07.002\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.poly.2007.07.002",{"id":507,"year":508,"html":509,"doi":510},2427252,2008,"Frost, Ray L., Hales, Matt C., Wain, Daria L. (2008) Raman spectroscopy of smithsonite. \u003Ci>Journal of Raman Spectroscopy\u003C\u002Fi>, 39 (1). 108-114 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1002\u002Fjrs.1835'>doi:10.1002\u002Fjrs.1835\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1002\u002Fjrs.1835",{"id":512,"year":508,"html":513,"doi":514},16446206,"Hales, M. C., Frost, R. L. (2008) Thermal analysis of smithsonite and hydrozincite. \u003Ci>Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry\u003C\u002Fi>, 91 (3) 855-860 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10973-007-8571-0'>doi:10.1007\u002Fs10973-007-8571-0\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fs10973-007-8571-0",{"id":516,"year":517,"html":518,"doi":11},12988511,2010,"(2010) Smithsonite - Think Zinc!. \u003Ci>Mineral Monograph\u003C\u002Fi> 13. Lithographie, LLC",{"id":520,"year":521,"html":522,"doi":523},16123784,2015,"Samouhos, M., Zavašnik, J., Rečnik, A., Godelitsas, A., Chatzitheodoridis, E., Sanakis, Y., Samouhos, M., Zavašnik, J., Rečnik, A., Godelitsas, A., et al. (2015) Spectroscopic and nanoscale characterization of blue-coloured smithsonite (ZnCO3) from Lavrion historical mines (Greece). \u003Ci>Periodico di Mineralogia\u003C\u002Fi>,  84 (2). 373–388-388 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2451\u002F2015PM0019'>doi:10.2451\u002F2015PM0019\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2451\u002F2015PM0019",{"id":525,"year":526,"html":527,"doi":528},15712522,2023,"Ding, Wei, Chen, Quanli, Li, Yan, Liu, Xianyu (2023) Origins of Colour of Smithsonite from Yunnan, China. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>, 13 (2) 296 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin13020296'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin13020296\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2075-163X\u002F13\u002F2\u002F296\u002Fpdf?version=1676886194' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin13020296",[530,537,546,551,561,567,576,581,585,593,598,602,610,620,628,635,643,651,660,669,678,686,693,700,705,710,720,728,737,745,752,761,769,777,785,792,799,806,814,821,829,839,846,852,858,864,870,876,884,893,900,907,914,921,928,935,944,953],{"id":531,"source_url":532,"license_code":533,"credit_html":534,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":535,"original_height":536},30707,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F64932","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F64932\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,739,{"id":538,"source_url":539,"license_code":533,"credit_html":540,"title":541,"description":542,"author":543,"original_width":544,"original_height":545},22509,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7372406","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7372406\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","SmithsoniteGrece.jpg","Smithsonite \n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality : Kamariza Mines, Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamariza), Lavrion District Mines, Laurion District, Attikí Prefecture, Greece\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size : (14x9cm)\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Didier Descouens",3781,2655,{"id":547,"source_url":548,"license_code":533,"credit_html":549,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":535,"original_height":550},30708,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F64931","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F64931\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",840,{"id":552,"source_url":553,"license_code":554,"credit_html":555,"title":556,"description":557,"author":558,"original_width":559,"original_height":560},22510,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=9044816","CC BY-SA 3.0","Cs california, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=9044816\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite New Mexico.jpg","Norman and Gertrude Pendleton mineral collection\n\u003Cp>Smithsonite\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nNew Mexico","Cs california",3872,2592,{"id":562,"source_url":563,"license_code":564,"credit_html":565,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":535,"original_height":566},30709,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F119250","CC BY 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F119250\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",666,{"id":568,"source_url":569,"license_code":554,"credit_html":570,"title":571,"description":572,"author":573,"original_width":574,"original_height":575},22511,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10141744","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10141744\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-132360.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Kelly Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMagdalena_District,_Chachapoyas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Magdalena District, Chachapoyas\">Magdalena District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSocorro_County,_New_Mexico\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Socorro County, New Mexico\">Socorro County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Mexico\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Mexico\">New Mexico\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3986.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.6 x 4.4 x 2.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A SUPERB, GEM, kelly-blue smithsonite botryoid from the famous Kelly Mine of New Mexico. This classic beauty has outstanding color and form and is in super condition, with no nicks along the periphery. Ex. Scott Williams and Marty Zinn Collections.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",450,436,{"id":577,"source_url":578,"license_code":533,"credit_html":579,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":535,"original_height":580},30710,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F204317","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F204317\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",874,{"id":582,"source_url":583,"license_code":564,"credit_html":584,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":535,"original_height":566},30711,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F119252","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F119252\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":586,"source_url":587,"license_code":554,"credit_html":588,"title":589,"description":590,"author":573,"original_width":591,"original_height":592},22513,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10448461","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10448461\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-fc24b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-43981.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2.4 x 2.1 x 1.3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Cuprian Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A gorgeous, glowing specimen with sharp GEMMY, TRANSLUCENT rhombs to 8 mm. this is the rarest pocket, I would say, of green smithsonite. There are very few extant and most are, like this one, rather small. Buy for the color, not the size...and you will see that the color gives it a display value beyond the mere size.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",400,360,{"id":594,"source_url":595,"license_code":533,"credit_html":596,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":535,"original_height":597},30712,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F196925","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F196925\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",913,{"id":599,"source_url":600,"license_code":564,"credit_html":601,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":535,"original_height":566},30713,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F113622","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F113622\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":603,"source_url":604,"license_code":605,"credit_html":606,"title":607,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":608,"original_height":609},49929,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1214992","Public domain","Unknown author, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1214992\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite HMNH2.jpg",452,322,{"id":611,"source_url":612,"license_code":613,"credit_html":614,"title":615,"description":616,"author":617,"original_width":618,"original_height":619},49930,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=2261726","CC BY 2.0","Trec lit, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=2261726\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Namibia.jpg","A large sample of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002Fsmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:smithsonite\">smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa> (also known as zinc spar, ZnCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>) from \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNamibia\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Namibia\">Namibia\u003C\u002Fa>.","Trec lit",1228,1648,{"id":621,"source_url":622,"license_code":533,"credit_html":623,"title":624,"description":625,"author":543,"original_width":626,"original_height":627},49931,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7361857","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7361857\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","SmithsoniteBelgique1.jpg","Smithsonite \n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality : Vieille Montagne (Altenberg; Kelmisberg), Moresnet, Kelmis, Plombières-Vieille Montagne (Plombières-Altenberg) District, Verviers, Liège Province, Belgium\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size : (6.5x4cm)\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",2976,2242,{"id":629,"source_url":630,"license_code":533,"credit_html":631,"title":632,"description":633,"author":543,"original_width":634,"original_height":418},49932,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7362181","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7362181\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","SmithsoniteBelgique2.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Vieille Montagne (Altenberg; Kelmisberg), Moresnet, Kelmis, Plombières-Vieille Montagne (Plombières-Altenberg) District, Verviers, Liège Province, Belgium\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",3249,{"id":636,"source_url":637,"license_code":533,"credit_html":638,"title":639,"description":640,"author":543,"original_width":641,"original_height":642},49933,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7372266","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7372266\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","CuprosmithsoniteChessy.jpg","Cuprian Smithsonite \n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality : Chessy-les-Mines, Rhône, Rhône-Alpes, France\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size 6x5cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",2674,2417,{"id":644,"source_url":645,"license_code":533,"credit_html":646,"title":647,"description":648,"author":543,"original_width":649,"original_height":650},49934,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7372457","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7372457\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","SmithsonitePisani.jpg","Smithsonite: Former Felix Pisani Collection with Felix Pisani autograph. \n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality :Graphic Mine (Graphic shaft; Waldo-Graphic mine), Magdalena District, Socorro Co., New Mexico, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",4057,2626,{"id":652,"source_url":653,"license_code":554,"credit_html":654,"title":655,"description":656,"author":657,"original_width":658,"original_height":659},49936,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=15973218","Sanjay Acharya, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=15973218\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite Kelly Mine.jpg","A Smithsonian specimen from Kelly Mine, Socorro County, New Mexico. Millions of small, needle-like  crystals form each mound on this specimen. The mineral is named after James Smithsonian, founder of the Smithsonian Institution. He first recognized smithsonite as a distinct mineral. It is mined for zinc.\nPicture taken at the \"Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History\", Washington D.C, USA.","Sanjay Acharya",2728,2560,{"id":661,"source_url":662,"license_code":533,"credit_html":663,"title":664,"description":665,"author":666,"original_width":667,"original_height":668},49937,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=23353753","DerHexer, Wikimedia Commons, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=23353753\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Harvard Museum of Natural History. Smithsonite. Kelly Mine, Magdalena district, Socorro Co., NM (DerHexer) 2012-07-20.jpg","Harvard Museum of Natural History. Smithsonite. Kelly Mine, Magdalena district, Socorro Co., NM.","DerHexer, Wikimedia Commons",2749,2196,{"id":670,"source_url":671,"license_code":533,"credit_html":672,"title":673,"description":674,"author":675,"original_width":676,"original_height":677},49939,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744473","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744473\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 334 - Smithsonite (Namibie).jpg","Smithsonite, en provenance de Namibie, au Muséum de Nantes","Koreller",3784,2424,{"id":679,"source_url":680,"license_code":533,"credit_html":681,"title":682,"description":683,"author":675,"original_width":684,"original_height":685},49940,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744490","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744490\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 346 - Smithsonite (Grèce).jpg","Smithsonite, en provenance de Grèce, au Muséum de Nantes",3764,2696,{"id":687,"source_url":688,"license_code":533,"credit_html":689,"title":690,"description":683,"author":675,"original_width":691,"original_height":692},49941,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744492","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744492\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 347 - Smithsonite (Grèce).jpg",4084,2772,{"id":694,"source_url":695,"license_code":533,"credit_html":696,"title":697,"description":683,"author":675,"original_width":698,"original_height":699},49942,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744494","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744494\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 348 - Smithsonite (Grèce).jpg",4272,2848,{"id":701,"source_url":702,"license_code":533,"credit_html":703,"title":704,"description":683,"author":675,"original_width":698,"original_height":699},49943,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744495","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744495\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 349 - Smithsonite (Grèce).jpg",{"id":706,"source_url":707,"license_code":533,"credit_html":708,"title":709,"description":683,"author":675,"original_width":698,"original_height":699},49944,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744496","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113744496\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 350 - Smithsonite (Grèce).jpg",{"id":711,"source_url":712,"license_code":713,"credit_html":714,"title":715,"description":716,"author":717,"original_width":718,"original_height":719},49945,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=166157169","CC0 1.0","TheUltimateGrass, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=166157169\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Light blue Smithsonite.jpg","Smithsonite from New Mexico","TheUltimateGrass",1536,2048,{"id":721,"source_url":722,"license_code":613,"credit_html":723,"title":724,"description":725,"author":726,"original_width":727,"original_height":692},10349,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=96474598","Grand Canyon National Park, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=96474598\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Grand Canyon National Park Gypsum & Smithsonite & Azurite & Malachite (6214786042).jpg","\u003Cp>GRCA_108169_\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>While Grand Canyon is most famous for vast views of towering cliffs, it holds additional geologic treasures, some as tiny as the delicate blue-green needles of a grandviewite crystal.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Pete Berry and partners developed the Grandview Mine from two mining claims filed in 1890. The Grandview Trail was built in 1892-1893 to service the mine to haul ore out of the canyon by pack train. The ore consisted mostly of copper sulfate minerals including cyanotrichite, brochantite, and chalcoalumite, along with copper carbonates such as azurite and malachite. Like many historic mines in Grand Canyon, including the Orphan Mine, the mineralized zone is in a breccia pipe, which is a cylindrical mass of highly fractured rock. In the Grand Canyon region, breccia pipes formed from the collapse of solution caverns in the Redwall Limestone. The highly porous brecciated rock in these features was mineralized by copper- and\u002For uranium-bearing fluids.  Learn more here:  <a href=\"\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.nps.gov\u002Fgrca\u002Fnaturescience\u002Fcynsk-v25.htm\">http:\u002F\u002Fwww.nps.gov\u002Fgrca\u002Fnaturescience\u002Fcynsk-v25.htm\u003C\u002Fa>\" rel=\"nofollow\">www.nps.gov\u002Fgrca\u002Fnaturescience\u002Fcynsk-v25.htm<\u002Fa>\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nNPS photo by Michael Quinn","Grand Canyon National Park",4630,{"id":729,"source_url":730,"license_code":605,"credit_html":731,"title":732,"description":733,"author":734,"original_width":735,"original_height":736},22508,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1825549","Bureau of Mines, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1825549\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite - USGS Mineral Specimens 016.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa> - Locality: Kelley Mine, Soccorro County, New Mexico - Mineral Specimens C\\01645","Bureau of Mines",2628,1168,{"id":738,"source_url":739,"license_code":554,"credit_html":740,"title":741,"description":742,"author":573,"original_width":743,"original_height":744},11628,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10130124","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10130124\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hopeite-Smithsonite-40645.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHopeite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hopeite\">Hopeite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Kabwe Mine (Broken Hill Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKabwe\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kabwe\">Kabwe (Broken Hill)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCentral_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Central Province\">Central Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Zambia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4341.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Lustrous, transparent to translucent, colorless hopeite blades to 8 mm aesthetically set in a powder-blue, botryoidal smithsonite vug in matrix from the famous Broken Hill Mine in Zambia. Hopeite is a very uncommon zinc phosphate and this is a good one. Ex. Lewadny Collection 4.0 x 3.1 x 2.5 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",650,556,{"id":746,"source_url":747,"license_code":554,"credit_html":748,"title":749,"description":750,"author":573,"original_width":751,"original_height":751},22512,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446272","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446272\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Willemite-cktsu-23a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Berg Aukas (Berg Aukus), Grootfontein District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOtjozondjupa_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Otjozondjupa Region\">Otjozondjupa Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2424.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 4.5 x 3.4 x 2.8 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Smithsonite on Willemite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Well formed rhombs of lustrous and translucent, ivory colored, smithsonite, to a relatively large 1.75 cm across, are perched on a matrix of willemite, in tan, drusy spheres. A lovely and aesthetic specimen of smithsonite. This is a superb display miniature specimen of exquisite balance. (NOT TSUMEB but included here because Charlie kept it anyhow for comparison and to complement his Tsumeb pieces )\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",800,{"id":753,"source_url":754,"license_code":533,"credit_html":755,"title":756,"description":757,"author":758,"original_width":759,"original_height":760},22514,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=132780826","Eric Polk, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=132780826\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite on cerussite.png","Sample of smithsonite on cerussite collected from Berg Aukas Mine, Namibia.  On display at the Natural History Museum of Los Angles County, Los Angeles, California, USA.","Eric Polk",2069,1848,{"id":762,"source_url":763,"license_code":554,"credit_html":764,"title":765,"description":766,"author":573,"original_width":767,"original_height":768},1481,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174024","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174024\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Annabergite-Smithsonite-289078.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAnnabergite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Annabergite\">Annabergite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: Cuprian Smithsonite)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Km-3 Mine, Lavrion Mines, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLaurium\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Laurium\">Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium)\u003C\u002Fa>, Lavrion District Mines, Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District, Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture, Greece (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-8009.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 8.3 x 5.4 x 4.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a major annabergite specimen with huge crystal clusters to nearly 1 cm, associated with translucent green cuprian smithsonite. Annabergite occurs at its best from this locality, though great specimens are few and far between, despite hundreds of years of collecting. For overall richness, crystal size, and exceptional crystal definition, this is an important and attractive specimen.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",768,818,{"id":770,"source_url":771,"license_code":554,"credit_html":772,"title":773,"description":774,"author":573,"original_width":775,"original_height":776},1482,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477456","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477456\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Annabergite-Smithsonite-tuc1039e.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAnnabergite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Annabergite\">Annabergite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Km-3 Mine, Lavrion Mines, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLaurium\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Laurium\">Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium)\u003C\u002Fa>, Lavrion District Mines, Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District, Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture, Greece (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-8009.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: small cabinet, 8.3 x 5.4 x 4.4 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Annabergite with Cuprian Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a MAJOR annabergite specimen with huge crystal clusters to nearly 1 cm, associated with translucent green cuprian smithsonite. Annabergite occurs at its best from this locality, though great specimens are few and far between, despite hundreds of years of collecting. For overall richness, crystal size, and exceptional crystal definition, this is an important and attractive specimen. I have not had a better one, in several decades of dealing in colorful European classics, for what its worth.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",1800,1550,{"id":778,"source_url":779,"license_code":554,"credit_html":780,"title":781,"description":782,"author":573,"original_width":783,"original_height":784},2923,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10148548","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10148548\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Beaverite-Smithsonite-165254.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBeaverite-(Cu)\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Beaverite-(Cu)\">Beaverite-(Cu)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 8.3 x 5.7 x 5.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Beaverite is a rare sulfate worldwide, but is VERY RARE at Tsumeb where I believe it occurs at its best. This is a VERY RICH piece with the three sides of the specimen richly covered with canary-yellow beaverite microcrystals. The showy, 3-dimensional, vuggy front features botryoidal beaverite nestled in association with glassy, colorless smithsonite rhombs in a box-work, sulfide matrix.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",381,600,{"id":786,"source_url":787,"license_code":554,"credit_html":788,"title":789,"description":782,"author":573,"original_width":790,"original_height":791},2924,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10148551","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10148551\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Beaverite-Smithsonite-165258.jpg",513,543,{"id":793,"source_url":794,"license_code":554,"credit_html":795,"title":796,"description":797,"author":573,"original_width":784,"original_height":798},3983,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10139044","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10139044\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Bromargyrite-Smithsonite-118158.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBromargyrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bromargyrite\">Bromargyrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBroken_Hill,_New_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Broken Hill, New South Wales\">Broken Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, Yancowinna County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New South Wales\">New South Wales\u003C\u002Fa>, Australia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-72.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.5 x 3.7 x 3.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Discrete, highly lustrous, yellow-green bromian chlorargyrite crystals nicely scattered in a vug lined with lustrous, colorless to gray smithsonite botryoids from old Broken Hill, Australia. This is a rare member of the group of related silver chlorides from Broken Hill, and hard to obtain today in good crystals. These were mined in the 1940s mostly (with perhaps a trickle coming out later in the 60s ?). This specimen has EXTREMELY sharp, well-formed, discrete crystals, with superb lustre. An excellent combination specimen. Ex. Marty Zinn Collection # 2210.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",448,{"id":800,"source_url":801,"license_code":554,"credit_html":802,"title":803,"description":804,"author":573,"original_width":784,"original_height":805},6333,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10139093","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10139093\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Coronadite-118225.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCoronadite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Coronadite\">Coronadite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Broken Hill South Mine (BHS Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBroken_Hill,_New_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Broken Hill, New South Wales\">Broken Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, Yancowinna County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New South Wales\">New South Wales\u003C\u002Fa>, Australia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-23201.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 11.2 x 6.8 x 4.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>The bark-like matrix of iron-rich coronadite here is covered with a rich druse of lozenge-shaped, doubly-terminated little light dove-grey crystals of smithsonite. The smithsonites cover the matrix all the way around, and on top and bottom - it was obviously loose in the pocket, allowing the crystals to grow all over it. Classic Broken Hill locality! Ex. William Hiss Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",442,{"id":807,"source_url":808,"license_code":613,"credit_html":809,"title":810,"description":811,"author":726,"original_width":812,"original_height":813},10348,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=96474595","Grand Canyon National Park, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=96474595\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Grand Canyon National Park Aurichalcite & Smithsonite (6214787206).jpg","\u003Cp>GRCA_108404_\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>While Grand Canyon is most famous for vast views of towering cliffs, it holds additional geologic treasures, some as tiny as the delicate blue-green needles of a grandviewite crystal.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Pete Berry and partners developed the Grandview Mine from two mining claims filed in 1890. The Grandview Trail was built in 1892-1893 to service the mine to haul ore out of the canyon by pack train. The ore consisted mostly of copper sulfate minerals including cyanotrichite, brochantite, and chalcoalumite, along with copper carbonates such as azurite and malachite. Like many historic mines in Grand Canyon, including the Orphan Mine, the mineralized zone is in a breccia pipe, which is a cylindrical mass of highly fractured rock. In the Grand Canyon region, breccia pipes formed from the collapse of solution caverns in the Redwall Limestone. The highly porous brecciated rock in these features was mineralized by copper- and\u002For uranium-bearing fluids.  Learn more here:  <a href=\"\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.nps.gov\u002Fgrca\u002Fnaturescience\u002Fcynsk-v25.htm\">http:\u002F\u002Fwww.nps.gov\u002Fgrca\u002Fnaturescience\u002Fcynsk-v25.htm\u003C\u002Fa>\" rel=\"nofollow\">www.nps.gov\u002Fgrca\u002Fnaturescience\u002Fcynsk-v25.htm<\u002Fa>\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nNPS photo by Michael Quinn",3166,2616,{"id":815,"source_url":816,"license_code":554,"credit_html":817,"title":818,"description":819,"author":573,"original_width":591,"original_height":820},11631,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453967","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10453967\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hopeite-Smithsonite-nex62b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHopeite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hopeite\">Hopeite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBroken_Hill,_New_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Broken Hill, New South Wales\">Broken Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, Yancowinna County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New South Wales\">New South Wales\u003C\u002Fa>, Australia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-72.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 4.3 x 3.5 x 3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Hopeite in Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Rare, sharp euhedral crystals of hopeite perched in the most unlikely place - inside a vug of blue smithsonite! This is very rare from Broken Hill, especially in this quality, and without the hopeite association I would have doubted it thoroughly! This was surely mined prior to the 1960s when the locale was at its peak.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",329,{"id":822,"source_url":823,"license_code":554,"credit_html":824,"title":825,"description":826,"author":573,"original_width":827,"original_height":828},12034,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160744","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160744\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hydrozincite-Smithsonite-210865.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHydrozincite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hydrozincite\">Hydrozincite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.3 x 3.9 x 2.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Hydrozincite is an alteration product of smithsonite, sphalerite or hemimorphite. This fine specimen from the Tsumeb Mine features an aesthetic cluster of sharp, brown smithsonite crystals with a powdery dusting of gray hydozincite microcrystals on a nicely contrasting crust of calcite. The largest smithsonite rhomb, 1.8 cm, is perched at the top of the specimen. Ex. Rob Smith Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",700,622,{"id":830,"source_url":831,"license_code":832,"credit_html":833,"title":834,"description":835,"author":836,"original_width":837,"original_height":838},18306,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118183105","CC BY-SA 2.0","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118183105\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite with Otavite (48002841697).jpg","Tsumeb, Southwest Africa","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada",6000,4000,{"id":840,"source_url":841,"license_code":554,"credit_html":842,"title":843,"description":766,"author":573,"original_width":844,"original_height":845},33058,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174023","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174023\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Annabergite-Smithsonite-289077.jpg",1024,602,{"id":847,"source_url":848,"license_code":554,"credit_html":849,"title":850,"description":766,"author":573,"original_width":851,"original_height":767},33059,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174025","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174025\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Annabergite-Smithsonite-289079.jpg",781,{"id":853,"source_url":854,"license_code":554,"credit_html":855,"title":856,"description":774,"author":573,"original_width":857,"original_height":775},33060,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477434","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477434\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Annabergite-Smithsonite-tuc1039d.jpg",1691,{"id":859,"source_url":860,"license_code":554,"credit_html":861,"title":862,"description":774,"author":573,"original_width":775,"original_height":863},33061,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477438","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477438\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Annabergite-Smithsonite-tuc1039c.jpg",1770,{"id":865,"source_url":866,"license_code":554,"credit_html":867,"title":868,"description":774,"author":573,"original_width":869,"original_height":775},33062,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477447","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477447\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Annabergite-Smithsonite-tuc1039b.jpg",1606,{"id":871,"source_url":872,"license_code":554,"credit_html":873,"title":874,"description":774,"author":573,"original_width":775,"original_height":875},33063,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477453","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10477453\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Annabergite-Smithsonite-tuc1039a.jpg",1058,{"id":877,"source_url":878,"license_code":554,"credit_html":879,"title":880,"description":881,"author":573,"original_width":882,"original_height":883},34313,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164412","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10164412\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Aurichalcite-235286.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAurichalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aurichalcite\">Aurichalcite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Kelly Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMagdalena_District,_Chachapoyas\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Magdalena District, Chachapoyas\">Magdalena District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSocorro_County,_New_Mexico\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Socorro County, New Mexico\">Socorro County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Mexico\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Mexico\">New Mexico\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3986.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.0 x 4.5 x 1.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A classic, beautiful combination specimen from the Kelly Mine of New Mexico. Tiny, sparkly and gemmy, \"rice-grain\" smithsonite crystals are peppered on the banded, botryoidal, powder-blue aurichalcite that covers the gossan matrix crust. A really neat bonus feature on the backside are the rice-grain smithsonite crystals embedded in the starkly contrasting gossan matrix. Older material, 1960s or early 1970s material. Ex. Mullane Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",681,750,{"id":885,"source_url":886,"license_code":554,"credit_html":887,"title":888,"description":889,"author":890,"original_width":891,"original_height":892},49938,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=33576753","Parent Géry, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=33576753\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Legrandite, smithsonite, goethite 300-4-FS2014 1.jpg","crystals of legrandite, crystals of smithsonite, crystals of goethite : Ojuela Mine, Mapimi, Mun. de Mapimi, Durango, Mexico","Parent Géry",4427,3172,{"id":894,"source_url":895,"license_code":554,"credit_html":896,"title":897,"description":898,"author":573,"original_width":784,"original_height":899},57395,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10145057","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10145057\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Greenockite-146131.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGreenockite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Greenockite\">Greenockite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Gobbler Mine, Joplin Field, Tri-State District, Jasper County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMissouri\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Missouri\">Missouri\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-171305.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 9.0 x 5.7 x 3.7 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Lustrous botryoids of bladed, reddish-brown smithsonite form an aesthetic, old-time specimen from the Tri-State District of Missouri. This is a solid, two-sided crust of smithsonite and the botryoids on the backside are coated with yellow-tan greenockite. Bruising on some of the botryoids on the front are noted, but are really not very detracting on this fine old-timer, which comes from an UNCOMMON Joplin locality - the Gobbler Mine. Ex. George Elling Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",418,{"id":901,"source_url":902,"license_code":554,"credit_html":903,"title":904,"description":905,"author":573,"original_width":906,"original_height":784},59551,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10138054","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10138054\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hopeite-Smithsonite-76769.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHopeite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hopeite\">Hopeite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Kabwe Mine (Broken Hill Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKabwe\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Kabwe\">Kabwe (Broken Hill)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCentral_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Central Province\">Central Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Zambia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4341.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Rare, sharp euhedral crystals of hopeite perched in the most unlikely place - inside a vug of blue smithsonite! This is very rare from Broken Hill, especially in this quality, and without the hopeite association I would have doubted it thoroughly! This was surely mined prior to the 1960s when the locale was at its peak. 4.3 x 3.5 x 3 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",558,{"id":908,"source_url":909,"license_code":554,"credit_html":910,"title":911,"description":912,"author":573,"original_width":591,"original_height":913},64022,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10030232","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10030232\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Aragonite-169835.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAragonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aragonite\">Aragonite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: Plumboan Aragonite)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 7.8 x 6.0 x 4.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A REALLY NIFTY and UNUSUAL, two-sided Tsumeb specimen from the Rob Smith Collection. Sparkly, colorless to tan Smithsonite microcrystals totally coated and partially replaced aragonite (variety tarnowitzite) crystals on both sides of this very showy specimen. The thin matrix plate in the middle is a very nice contrast to this unique, two-sided specimen. The crystals reach 2.7 cm on this excellent piece. Tarnowitzite is the lead-rich aragonite varietal and is moderately rare at Tsumeb.This style of pseudomorph was found only once, in the mid 1980s.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",337,{"id":915,"source_url":916,"license_code":554,"credit_html":917,"title":918,"description":919,"author":573,"original_width":784,"original_height":920},64029,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149313","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149313\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Aragonite-Smithsonite-168688.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAragonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aragonite\">Aragonite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: Plumboan Aragonite), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.8 x 3.3 x 3.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a fabulous mini of Tsumeb tarnowitzite (lead-rich variety of aragonite, technically a mixture of aragonite and cerussite) - made really special by the presence of a LARGE single crystal with fantastic sharp form, next to a smaller one, in a bend in the matrix that showcases it perfectly. Tarnowitzite specimens can be fairly clunky, but this one is really aesthetic. Ex. Willy Israel and Sid Pieters Collections.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",434,{"id":922,"source_url":923,"license_code":554,"credit_html":924,"title":925,"description":889,"author":890,"original_width":926,"original_height":927},64193,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=33176805","Parent Géry, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=33176805\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Legrandite, smithsonite, goethite 300-4-9717.JPG",4481,2909,{"id":929,"source_url":930,"license_code":554,"credit_html":931,"title":932,"description":933,"author":573,"original_width":934,"original_height":784},65984,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10175270","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10175270\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Psilomelane-43248.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPsilomelane\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Psilomelane\">Psilomelane\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBroken_Hill,_New_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Broken Hill, New South Wales\">Broken Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, Yancowinna County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_South_Wales\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New South Wales\">New South Wales\u003C\u002Fa>, Australia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-72.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An aesthetic specimen of sharp, lustrous, gemmy, colorless smithsonite crystals to 5mm partially covering a stalactite of platy psilomelane from Broken Hill, Australia. Old and choice material from the oxidized zone of this world-famous mine. The tip of the stalactite is broken, but it does nicely show the growth banding. Ex Ed Ruggiero Collection, who purchased this piece in May, 1976 from Pala Properties. Ex Robert M. Rich Collection. 5.7 x 2.0 x 1.4 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",223,{"id":936,"source_url":937,"license_code":533,"credit_html":938,"title":939,"description":940,"author":941,"original_width":942,"original_height":943},77207,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=178773040","JohnRakovan, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=178773040\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite, halite and Romanichite.jpg","Smithsonite, halite and Romanichite specimens on display","JohnRakovan",3673,1996,{"id":945,"source_url":946,"license_code":564,"credit_html":947,"title":948,"description":949,"author":950,"original_width":951,"original_height":952},81007,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=80902712","Dguendel, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=80902712\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Freiberg, Terra mineralia, Stolzit, Smithsonit.JPG","Freiberg, Terra mineralia, stolzite, smithsonite,   location: Tsumeb, Namibia","Dguendel",3456,3312,{"id":954,"source_url":955,"license_code":554,"credit_html":956,"title":957,"description":958,"author":573,"original_width":591,"original_height":959},83726,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446278","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446278\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Willemite-cktsu-25b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Berg Aukas (Berg Aukus), Grootfontein District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOtjozondjupa_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Otjozondjupa Region\">Otjozondjupa Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2424.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 3.9 x 2.3 x 2.1 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Smithsonite on Willemite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>On a sliver of matrix sits a superb miniature featuring translucent, frosted, light yellow, smithsonite, with a large and translucent 3.5 cm crystal crossed by a smaller one . Easily a competition quality miniature! (NOT TSUMEB but included here because Charlie kept it anyhow for comparison and to complement his Tsumeb pieces )\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",373,[961,967],{"id":962,"url":963,"label":964,"formula":965,"spacegroup":966,"year":473},12883,"\u002Fcif\u002F12883.cif","Effenberger 1981","(Zn.97 Mg.01 Fe.02) C O3","R -3 c",{"id":968,"url":969,"label":970,"formula":971,"spacegroup":966,"year":972},12884,"\u002Fcif\u002F12884.cif","Graf 1961","Zn C O3",1961,[974,975,976,977,978,979,980,981,982,983,984,985,986,987,988,989,990,991,992],"Aztec Stone","Azurite (of ?)","Bonamite","Cadmium-bearing Smithsonite","Cadmiumzinkspat","Capnit","Carbonate of Zinc","Cobaltian Smithsonite","Cuprian Smithsonite","Kapnit","Kohlengalmei","Smithsonite (of Beudant)","Szaskaite","Zinc carbonaté","Zinc Spar","Zincspath","Zincum acido aëro mineralisatum","Zinkischer Carbonspat","Zinkspath",[994,999,1003,1008,1012,1015,1019,1023,1030,1034,1040,1044,1048,1052,1057,1071,1075,1079,1083,1086,1089,1094,1097,1101,1104,1107,1110,1114,1117,1121,1125,1129,1133,1137,1144,1147,1151,1154,1157,1160,1168,1171,1175,1179,1184,1187,1191,1194,1197,1201,1204,1207],{"lang":995,"names":996},"ar",[997,998],"السميثونايت","سميثسونيت",{"lang":1000,"names":1001},"az",[1002],"Smitsonit",{"lang":1004,"names":1005},"be",[1006,1007],"Смітсаніт","Цынкавы шпат",{"lang":1009,"names":1010},"bg",[1011],"Смитсонит",{"lang":1013,"names":1014},"bjn",[7],{"lang":1016,"names":1017},"ca",[1018],"smithsonita",{"lang":1020,"names":1021},"cs",[1022],"Smithsonit",{"lang":1024,"names":1025},"de",[979,1026,1027,1028,983,984,1022,1029],"Edelgalmei","Edler Galmei","Galmei","Zinkspat",{"lang":1031,"names":1032},"el",[1033],"Σμιθσονίτης",{"lang":1035,"names":1036},"es",[1037,1038,1039,1018],"esmitsonita","espato de cinc","espato de zinc",{"lang":1041,"names":1042},"et",[1043],"smitsoniit",{"lang":1045,"names":1046},"eu",[1047],"Smithsonita",{"lang":1049,"names":1050},"fa",[1051],"اسمیت زونیت",{"lang":1053,"names":1054},"fi",[1055,1056],"Sinkkisälpä","Smithsoniitti",{"lang":1058,"names":1059},"fr",[1060,1061,1062,1063,1064,1065,1066,1067,1068,1069,1070],"14476-25-6","3486-35-9","bonamite","cadmiosmithsonite","cobaltosmithsonite","cuprosmithsonite","herrerite","monheimite","smithsonite","zinc carbonaté","ZnCO3",{"lang":1072,"names":1073},"he",[1074],"סמיתסוניט",{"lang":1076,"names":1077},"hu",[1078],"smithsonit",{"lang":1080,"names":1081},"hy",[1082],"Սմիթսոնիտ",{"lang":1084,"names":1085},"id",[1022,7],{"lang":1087,"names":1088},"it",[7],{"lang":1090,"names":1091},"ja",[1092,1093],"スミソナイト","菱亜鉛鉱",{"lang":1095,"names":1096},"kk",[1011],{"lang":1098,"names":1099},"kk-arab",[1100],"سمىيتسونىيت",{"lang":1102,"names":1103},"kk-cn",[1100],{"lang":1105,"names":1106},"kk-cyrl",[1011],{"lang":1108,"names":1109},"kk-kz",[1011],{"lang":1111,"names":1112},"kk-latn",[1113],"Smïtsonït",{"lang":1115,"names":1116},"kk-tr",[1113],{"lang":1118,"names":1119},"ko",[1120],"능아연석",{"lang":1122,"names":1123},"ksh",[1028,1124],"Jalmei",{"lang":1126,"names":1127},"lt",[1128],"Smitsonitas",{"lang":1130,"names":1131},"ml",[1132],"സ്മിത്‌സോണൈറ്റ്",{"lang":1134,"names":1135},"nb",[1136],"smithsonitt",{"lang":1138,"names":1139},"nl",[1028,1140,1141,1142,1143],"Kalamijn","smithsoniet","Zinkcarbonaat","Zinkspaat",{"lang":1145,"names":1146},"nn",[1136],{"lang":1148,"names":1149},"no",[1150],"Smithsonitt",{"lang":1152,"names":1153},"oc",[1047],{"lang":1155,"names":1156},"pl",[1022,1002],{"lang":1158,"names":1159},"pt",[1018,7],{"lang":1161,"names":1162},"ru",[1163,1164,1011,1165,1166,1167],"Бонамит","Монхеймит","Смифсонит","Херрерит","Цинковый шпат",{"lang":1169,"names":1170},"sk",[1022],{"lang":1172,"names":1173},"sl",[1174],"smitsonit",{"lang":1176,"names":1177},"sr",[1178],"смитсонит",{"lang":1180,"names":1181},"sv",[1182,1183],"galmeja","zinkspat",{"lang":1185,"names":1186},"tr",[1002],{"lang":1188,"names":1189},"uk",[1190],"смітсоніт",{"lang":1192,"names":1193},"uz",[1002],{"lang":1195,"names":1196},"vi",[1022,1002],{"lang":1198,"names":1199},"zh",[1200],"菱锌矿",{"lang":1202,"names":1203},"zh-cn",[1200],{"lang":1205,"names":1206},"zh-hans",[1200],{"lang":1208,"names":1209},"zh-hant",[1210],"菱鋅礦","Q152400",{"history":1213,"applications":1217},{"markdown":1214,"model_version":1215,"prompt_version":1216,"reviewed_at":11},"The name **smithsonite** honours James Smithson — the English chemist whose bequest founded the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC[1]. The connection is direct: Smithson was the mineralogist who, in the early 1800s, first picked apart what *calamine* really was[2].\n\nFor centuries, *calamine* meant a confused mixture. Georgius Agricola used the Latin form *lapis calaminaris* in 1546[3]. The Swedish chemist Johan Gottschalk Wallerius shortened it to *calamine* in 1747, applying it to the zinc carbonate[4]. In 1780, his countryman Torbern Bergmann analysed several calamine ores and found they were not one mineral but a mix of zinc carbonates and silicates[5].\n\nIn 1803, Smithson took the work further. His systematic investigation showed that ores sold as calamine contained two distinct species — one a carbonate, the other a silicate[6]. The silicate kept the old commercial name for a while; today it is called hemimorphite. The carbonate needed a new name.\n\nFrançois Sulpice Beudant supplied it. In 1832, the French mineralogist renamed the carbonate *smithsonite* in honour of Smithson, who had died three years earlier[7].\n\nThrough the nineteenth century, smithsonite was the principal ore of zinc[8]. Smelters worked it directly, roasting the carbonate to drive off carbon dioxide and reduce the oxide that remained. From the 1880s onward, it was displaced by sphalerite — the zinc sulfide — once a new ore-dressing technique made sulfide minerals easier to concentrate[8].","claude-opus-4-7","1.7.0",{"markdown":1218,"model_version":1215,"prompt_version":1216,"reviewed_at":11},"Smithsonite is still classed as an ore of zinc, but it is no longer the chief source[1]. The dominant zinc ore today is sphalerite — the sulfide. Smithsonite contributes only where oxide-type zinc deposits are worked directly, mostly through non-sulfide operations and the rare older mine that still produces.\n\nMost modern demand for smithsonite is from collectors and museums. The mineral forms striking botryoidal masses — rounded, grape-like crusts — in a range of colours that few other species match. The apple-green variety, called cuprian smithsonite, takes its colour from copper held in the crystal[2]. Pink crystals are cobaltoan smithsonite, coloured by trace cobalt[3]. A bright yellow variety, known to miners as **turkey fat ore**, gets its tint from inclusions of greenockite — a cadmium sulfide — within the smithsonite[4]. Notable specimen localities include the Kelly Mine in New Mexico, in the United States; Tsumeb in Namibia; the Ojuela Mine at Mapimí, in Durango, Mexico; and the Lavrion District in Greece[5]."]