[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:3725":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":21,"key_elements":11,"impurities":22,"cim":23,"ima_status":24,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":27,"strunz10ed1":28,"strunz10ed2":29,"strunz10ed3":30,"strunz10ed4":31,"dana8ed1":32,"dana8ed2":33,"dana8ed3":34,"dana8ed4":35,"csystem":36,"cclass":37,"spacegroup":38,"spacegroupset":39,"a":40,"b":41,"c":41,"alpha":41,"beta":41,"gamma":41,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":42,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":11,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":43,"tlform":11,"hmin":44,"hmax":45,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":41,"vhnmax":41,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":46,"dmeas2":47,"dcalc":48,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":49,"lustretype":50,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":51,"streak":52,"colour":53,"commentcolor":54,"colors":55,"streak_colors":61,"luminescence":62,"uv":11,"cleavage":63,"cleavagetype":11,"fracturetype":64,"tenacity":65,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":66,"opticalsign":11,"opticalalpha":41,"opticalalpha2":41,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":41,"opticalbeta2":41,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":41,"opticalgamma2":41,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":41,"opticalomega2":41,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":41,"opticalepsilon2":41,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":67,"opticaln2":41,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":41,"optical2vcalc2":41,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":41,"optical2vmeasured2":41,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":11,"rimax":11,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":11,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":68,"aboutname":69,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":70,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":71,"group_members":77,"associates":171,"confused_with":218,"type_localities":219,"occurrence_total":226,"citations":227,"images":296,"structures":540,"synonyms":563,"language_names":573,"wikidata_qid":701,"texts":702},3725,"1:1:3725:5","091858bd-4373-4081-bb48-ecdd14d1b977","Spessartine","Sps",0,"mineral",null,10272,39659,false,"Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",[17,18,19,20],"Al","Mn","Si","O",[17,18,19,20],",Ti,Fe,Mg,Ca,H2O,Y,,","16.16.2",[25,26],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1832","9","A","D","25","51","4","3a","3","Isometric",32,225,"Ia3d ","11.621","0",8,"euhedral crystals, dodecahedra or trapezohedra, or in combination with other cubic forms, to 10 cm.",6.5,7.5,"4.12","4.32","4.19","Vitreous - Resinous","Vitreous","Transparent,Translucent","White","Red, reddish orange, yellowish brown, reddish brown, or brown","The “alexandrite effect” is when its colour changes from green in the presence of daylight to purplish red under incandescent light. The UV-Vis spectra show two zones of transmittance, in the red region at 650–700 nm and the blue-green region at 460–510 nm. The absorption bands of Cr\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup> and V3\u003Csup>+\u003C\u002Fsup> at 574 nm in the UV-Vis spectra are the main cause of the change in colour.[[2]] \r\n\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\r\n\r\nThere are transition metal elements in garnet, and the main theory of its color formation is crystal field theory. Fe2+ and Mn2+ are the main color-causing ions in purple pyrope–almandines, for Mg2+ is insignificant for the color of the samples. As an island silicate mineral, peridot’s beautiful color is also caused by Fe2+. However, it is worth noting that the almandine–skiagite’s brownish yellow color is caused by the charge transfer between element ions. Spessartine’s color is vivid orange. There are many research studies on the color causes and spectrum about spessartines; we find that the reason why spessartines appear a beautiful orange is not only the Mn2+ d-d electron transition, but also the valence charge transfer transition between Fe2+and Fe3+. They obviously absorb in the area of the blue-purple region, which makes the spessartines appear a bright color.\r\nAs one of the most promising colored gemstones on the market, spessartine is becoming increasingly popular. According to the CIE 1976 L*a*b*, the relationship between chroma C*, the h° and colorate coordinates a* and b* was analyzed. The chemical composition was analyzed according to ED-XRF, then we quantitatively analyzed the impact of the elements FeOtot and MnO and the ratio FeOtot\u002FMnO on color parameters L*, h°. By analyzing the UV-visible spectrum of spessartines, we find the color mechanism of the samples. It is worth noting that this article is the first to studied the relationship between the peaks’ position in the infrared spectrum and the color parameters of spessartines. With the increase in MnO content, the A, C and D peaks in the infrared spectrum shifted from the region of high frequency to low frequency, the color parameters L* and h° both increased, and the spessartines’ color also changed from dark orange-red to bright orange. [[1]]",[56,57,58,59,60],"red","orange","yellow","brown","white",[60],"Non-fluorescent","Distinct","Sub-Conchoidal","brittle","Isotropic","1.800","Garnet Group. Almandine-Spessartine Series.\r\n\r\nOccurs in magmatic, metamorphic, and pegmatitic rocks.\r\n\r\nAn (OH,F)-rich, tetragonal-pseudocubic spessartine is described by Boiocchi et al. (2012).\r\n\r\n\r\nNot to be confused with the rock Spessartite (lampr...","Originally, this mineral from the Spessart Mountains was called \"granatförmiges Braunsteinerz\" by Martin Klaproth in 1797.\r\n\r\nDistinguished as a \"manganesian\" garnet by Henry Seybert in 1823 using a specimen from Haddam, Connecticut, USA.\r\n\r\nRenamed to spessartine in 1832 by François Sulpice Beudant after its type locality in the Spessart Mountains, Germany.","2026-04-18 16:43:31",[72],{"id":73,"name":74,"entrytype":75,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":76,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":41,"dcalc":41,"primary_image_id":11},822,"Brandãosite",2,"(Mn,Fe)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Fe)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>15\u003C\u002Fsub>",[78,86,93,100,105,113,119,126,132,138,144,150,157,163],{"id":79,"name":80,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":81,"mindat_formula":81,"hmin":82,"hmax":45,"dmeas":83,"dcalc":84,"primary_image_id":85},452,"Almandine","Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",7,"4.318","4.313",848,{"id":87,"name":88,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":89,"mindat_formula":89,"hmin":44,"hmax":82,"dmeas":90,"dcalc":91,"primary_image_id":92},223,"Andradite","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.8","3.859",1388,{"id":94,"name":95,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":96,"mindat_formula":96,"hmin":82,"hmax":82,"dmeas":97,"dcalc":98,"primary_image_id":99},864,"Calderite","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.05","4.07",4432,{"id":101,"name":102,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":103,"mindat_formula":103,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":104,"primary_image_id":11},40003,"Eringaite","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Sc\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.654",{"id":106,"name":107,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":108,"mindat_formula":108,"hmin":109,"hmax":82,"dmeas":110,"dcalc":111,"primary_image_id":112},1723,"Goldmanite","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>V\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",6,"3.74","3.76",10174,{"id":114,"name":115,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":116,"mindat_formula":116,"hmin":44,"hmax":82,"dmeas":117,"dcalc":117,"primary_image_id":118},1755,"Grossular","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.594",29814,{"id":120,"name":121,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":122,"mindat_formula":123,"hmin":109,"hmax":82,"dmeas":124,"dcalc":125,"primary_image_id":11},2229,"Knorringite","Mg\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cr\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","Mg\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cr\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.756","3.852",{"id":127,"name":128,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":129,"mindat_formula":129,"hmin":82,"hmax":45,"dmeas":33,"dcalc":130,"primary_image_id":131},2546,"Majorite","Mg\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(MgSi)(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.00",15183,{"id":133,"name":134,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":135,"mindat_formula":136,"hmin":44,"hmax":82,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":137,"primary_image_id":11},42520,"Menzerite-(Y)","(CaY\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","(Y\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Ca)Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.31",{"id":139,"name":140,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":141,"mindat_formula":141,"hmin":44,"hmax":44,"dmeas":142,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":143},39634,"Momoiite","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>V\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.01",16551,{"id":145,"name":146,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":147,"mindat_formula":147,"hmin":45,"hmax":45,"dmeas":148,"dcalc":149,"primary_image_id":11},2784,"Morimotoite","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(TiFe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>)(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.75","3.80",{"id":151,"name":152,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":153,"mindat_formula":153,"hmin":82,"hmax":45,"dmeas":154,"dcalc":155,"primary_image_id":156},3321,"Pyrope","Mg\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.582","3.563",20279,{"id":158,"name":159,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":160,"mindat_formula":161,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":162,"primary_image_id":11},51587,"Rubinite","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Ti\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>12\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Ti\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.63",{"id":164,"name":165,"entrytype":9,"csystem":36,"ima_formula":166,"mindat_formula":167,"hmin":44,"hmax":82,"dmeas":168,"dcalc":169,"primary_image_id":170},4125,"Uvarovite","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cr\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cr\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.77","3.848",30906,[172,179,187,194,202,210],{"id":173,"name":174,"entrytype":9,"csystem":175,"ima_formula":176,"mindat_formula":176,"hmin":109,"hmax":82,"dmeas":177,"dcalc":110,"primary_image_id":178},322,"Ardennite-(As)","Orthorhombic","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(AlMg)(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.69",1765,{"id":180,"name":181,"entrytype":9,"csystem":182,"ima_formula":183,"mindat_formula":183,"hmin":184,"hmax":184,"dmeas":41,"dcalc":185,"primary_image_id":186},623,"Benavidesite","Monoclinic","Pb\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>MnSb\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>14\u003C\u002Fsub>",2.5,"5.60",3031,{"id":188,"name":189,"entrytype":9,"csystem":182,"ima_formula":190,"mindat_formula":191,"hmin":192,"hmax":192,"dmeas":177,"dcalc":193,"primary_image_id":11},6938,"Ferrokinoshitalite","BaFe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","(Ba,K)(Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Mg)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH,F)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",3,"3.59",{"id":195,"name":196,"entrytype":9,"csystem":175,"ima_formula":197,"mindat_formula":198,"hmin":109,"hmax":109,"dmeas":199,"dcalc":200,"primary_image_id":201},3302,"Pseudobrookite","(Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Ti)O\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>","Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Ti\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.33","4.39",20077,{"id":203,"name":204,"entrytype":9,"csystem":205,"ima_formula":206,"mindat_formula":206,"hmin":207,"hmax":109,"dmeas":208,"dcalc":148,"primary_image_id":209},3327,"Pyroxmangite","Triclinic","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>SiO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",5.5,"3.61",20344,{"id":211,"name":212,"entrytype":9,"csystem":205,"ima_formula":213,"mindat_formula":214,"hmin":215,"hmax":215,"dmeas":216,"dcalc":217,"primary_image_id":11},4192,"Vistepite","Mn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>SnB\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","SnMn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>B\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>16\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",4.5,"3.67","3.70",[],[220],{"id":221,"txt":222,"latitude":223,"longitude":224,"country":225},446200,"Spessartine occurrence, Stengerts, Gailbach, Aschaffenburg, Lower Franconia, Bavaria, Germany",49.9447027,9.1960716,"Germany",1151,[228,233,237,241,245,249,254,259,264,267,271,276,281,286,291],{"id":229,"year":230,"html":231,"doi":232},399296,1883,"Gorgeu, Alex. (1883) Sur la production artificielle de la Spessartine. \u003Ci>Bulletin de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi>,  6 (8) 283-284 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1883.1829'>doi:10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1883.1829\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1883.1829",{"id":234,"year":235,"html":236,"doi":11},523222,1959,"Geller, S., Miller, C. E. (1959) Substitution of Fe3+ for Al3+ in synthetic spessartite. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  44 (5-6) 665-666 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM44\u002FAM44_665.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":238,"year":239,"html":240,"doi":11},525634,1971,"Novak, G. A., Gibbs, G. V. (1971) The crystal chemistry of the silicate garnets. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  56 (5-6) 791-825 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM56\u002FAM56_791.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":242,"year":243,"html":244,"doi":11},16101891,1988,"Rossman, G.R., Rauch, F., Livi, R., Tombrello, T.A., Shi, C.R., Zhoi, Z.Y. (1988) Nuclear reaction analysis of hydrogen in almandine, pyrope and spessartine garnets. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie Monatshefte: 4: 172-178.",{"id":246,"year":247,"html":248,"doi":11},528847,1990,"Smyth, Joseph R., Madel, Robin E., Mccormick, Tamsin C., Munoz, James L., Rossman, George R. (1990) Crystal structure refinement of a F-bearing spessartine garnet. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  75 (3-4) 314-318 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM75\u002FAM75_314.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":250,"year":251,"html":252,"doi":253},151914,1991,"Hofmeister, A.M., Chopelas, A. (1991) Vibrational spectroscopy of end-member silicate garnets. \u003Ci>Physics and Chemistry of Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>,  17 (6). 503-526 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf00202230'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf00202230\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf00202230",{"id":255,"year":256,"html":257,"doi":258},393644,1997,"Geiger, Charles A., Armbruster, Thomas (1997) Mn\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>12\u003C\u002Fsub> spessartine and Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>12\u003C\u002Fsub> grossular garnet; structural dynamic and thermodynamic properties. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  82 (7-8). 740-747 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-1997-7-811'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-1997-7-811\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002Fam\u002Fvol82\u002FAM82_740.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-1997-7-811",{"id":260,"year":261,"html":262,"doi":263},531798,2001,"Laurs, Brendan M., Knox, Kimberly (2001) Spessartine Garnet from Ramona, San Diego County, California. \u003Ci>Gems & Gemology\u003C\u002Fi>,  37 (4) 278-295 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5741\u002Fgems.37.4.278'>doi:10.5741\u002Fgems.37.4.278\u003C\u002Fa>","10.5741\u002Fgems.37.4.278",{"id":265,"year":261,"html":266,"doi":11},16967396,"(2001) Spessartine. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fspessartine.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":268,"year":261,"html":269,"doi":270},394397,"Arredondo, Elizabeth H., Rossman, George R., Lumpkin, Gregory R. (2001) Hydrogen in spessartine-almandine garnets as a tracer of granitic pegmatite evolution. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  86 (4) 485-490 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-2001-0412'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-2001-0412\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-2001-0412",{"id":272,"year":273,"html":274,"doi":275},394577,2002,"Rodehorst, Uta, Geiger, Charles A., Armbruster, Thomas (2002) The crystal structures of grossular and spessartine between 100 and 600 K and the crystal chemistry of grossular-spessartine solid solutions. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  87 (4) 542-549 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-2002-0417'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-2002-0417\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002Fam\u002Fvol87\u002FAM87_542.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-2002-0417",{"id":277,"year":278,"html":279,"doi":280},395004,2004,"Diella, Valeria, Sani, Alessandra, Levy, Davide, Pavese, Alessandro (2004) High-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of spessartine and uvarovite: A comparison between different equation of state models. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  89 (2) 371-376 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-2004-2-317'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-2004-2-317\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-2004-2-317",{"id":282,"year":283,"html":284,"doi":285},117498,2012,"Boiocchi, Massimo, Bellatreccia, Fabio, Della Ventura, Giancarlo, Oberti, Roberta (2012) On the symmetry and atomic ordering in (OH,F)-rich spessartine: towards a new hydrogarnet end-member. \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Kristallographie\u003C\u002Fi>,  227 (7). 385-395 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.2012.1487'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.2012.1487\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.2012.1487",{"id":287,"year":288,"html":289,"doi":290},13421792,2021,"Qiu, Yan, Guo, Ying (2021) Explaining Colour Change in Pyrope-Spessartine Garnets. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>, 11 (8) 865 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin11080865'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin11080865\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2075-163X\u002F11\u002F8\u002F865\u002Fpdf?version=1629339075' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin11080865",{"id":292,"year":293,"html":294,"doi":295},16898300,2023,"Zhu, Meilin, Guo, Ying (2023) New Insights into the Coloration Mechanism in Spessartines and the Impact of Munsell Neutral Grey Backgrounds. \u003Ci>Crystals\u003C\u002Fi>,  13 (11)  \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fcryst13111529'>doi:10.3390\u002Fcryst13111529\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fcryst13111529",[297,307,314,320,330,334,343,350,360,369,378,387,395,403,411,418,425,433,441,450,457,466,473,482,492,500,509,517,525,532],{"id":298,"source_url":299,"license_code":300,"credit_html":301,"title":302,"description":303,"author":304,"original_width":305,"original_height":306},22642,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=5848611","CC BY-SA 2.5","JJ Harrison (https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jjharrison.com.au\u002F), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=5848611\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Garnet var. Spessartine, Putian City, Putian Prefecture, Fujian Province, China.jpg","\u003Cp>Garnet var. Spessartine, Putian City, Putian Prefecture, Fujian Province, China\n\u003Cbr>\u003Cb>Camera data\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Cb>Camera\u003C\u002Fb> Canon EOS 400D\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cb>Lens\u003C\u002Fb> Canon EF 70-200mm f4L w\u002F 12mm extension tube\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cspan style=\"font-weight:bold\">Flash\u003C\u002Fspan> Shoot through umbrella\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cb>Focal length\u003C\u002Fb> 122 mm\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cb>Aperture\u003C\u002Fb> f\u002F11\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cb>Exposure time\u003C\u002Fb> 1\u002F160 s\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cb>Sensivity\u003C\u002Fb> ISO 100\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>","JJ Harrison (https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jjharrison.com.au\u002F)",1076,1075,{"id":308,"source_url":309,"license_code":310,"credit_html":311,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":312,"original_height":313},30725,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F65621","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F65621\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,559,{"id":315,"source_url":316,"license_code":317,"credit_html":318,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":312,"original_height":319},30726,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F114937","CC BY 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F114937\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",666,{"id":321,"source_url":322,"license_code":323,"credit_html":324,"title":325,"description":326,"author":327,"original_width":328,"original_height":329},22644,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10463665","CC BY-SA 3.0","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10463665\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-spess-04c.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNani\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nani\">Nani\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLoliondo\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Loliondo\">Loliondo\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArusha_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arusha Region\">Arusha Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Tanzania (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-180038.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 2.4 x 2.3 x 2.3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Spessartine Garnet\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>One of our best thumbnails, a SUPER SHARP, fully-terminated, carved-looking \"golfball\" . This is complete all around, and has intense orange color when backlit strongly. It is more gemmy\u002Ftranslucent in person, as well. Weight is 19 grams\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",400,361,{"id":331,"source_url":332,"license_code":317,"credit_html":333,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":312,"original_height":319},30727,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F114983","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F114983\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":335,"source_url":336,"license_code":323,"credit_html":337,"title":338,"description":339,"author":340,"original_width":341,"original_height":342},80123,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=866239","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=866239\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Granat spessartyn Chiny 2.jpg","granat, pochodzenie Chiny; autor zdjęcia Piotr Menducki","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims).",650,487,{"id":344,"source_url":345,"license_code":323,"credit_html":346,"title":347,"description":348,"author":327,"original_width":349,"original_height":328},22645,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10463900","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10463900\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-spessmtrx-1b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNani\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nani\">Nani\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLoliondo\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Loliondo\">Loliondo\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArusha_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arusha Region\">Arusha Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Tanzania (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-180038.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: cabinet, 11.5 x 6.6 x 4.8 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Spessartine Garnet in Mica schist\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This specimen is a large, sparkling matrix about the size of your hand, featuring a stunning, PRISTINE, 2-cm-across spessartine that is carefully extracted and super-sharp. It has a \"glow \" to it, and is the top tangerine-orange color hue found here (although one can argue which hue you like, in particular!). The smaller crystal to its side is an accent only, and has a minor ding on it (but this crystal can be easily removed in any case, if desired).\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",332,{"id":351,"source_url":352,"license_code":353,"credit_html":354,"title":355,"description":356,"author":357,"original_width":358,"original_height":359},80124,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3497937","Public domain","No machine-readable author provided. Runningblader assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=3497937\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","6spessartite-douglass40.jpg","It my picture i took with my camera and edited it","No machine-readable author provided. Runningblader assumed (based on copyright claims).",640,448,{"id":361,"source_url":362,"license_code":323,"credit_html":363,"title":364,"description":365,"author":366,"original_width":367,"original_height":368},22646,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=18174701","Parent Géry, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=18174701\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine sur quartz fumé.jpg","garnet var. spessartine, quartz var. smoky quartz : Wushan Spessartine Mine, Tongbei, Yunxiao Co., Zhangzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province, China","Parent Géry",2848,3709,{"id":370,"source_url":371,"license_code":323,"credit_html":372,"title":373,"description":374,"author":375,"original_width":376,"original_height":377},80125,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=5158923","Quatrostein, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=5158923\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartien brown.jpg","Bruine spessartien (mineraal), ca. 1,5 cm doorsnede","Quatrostein",1600,1200,{"id":379,"source_url":380,"license_code":317,"credit_html":381,"title":382,"description":383,"author":384,"original_width":385,"original_height":386},22647,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=132936016","Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=132936016\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine Haüy MNHN Minéralogie.jpg","Spessartine, unknown provenience. Former collection of René Just Haüy. Geology and Mineralogy Gallery of the National Museum of Natural History in Paris.","Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart",4482,2988,{"id":388,"source_url":389,"license_code":323,"credit_html":390,"title":391,"description":392,"author":327,"original_width":393,"original_height":394},80127,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10141629","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10141629\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-132070.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Wushan Spessartine Mine, Tongbei, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FYunxiao_County\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Yunxiao County\">Yunxiao County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FZhangzhou\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Zhangzhou\">Zhangzhou Prefecture\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFujian\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Fujian\">Fujian Province\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-21240.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.8 x 5.1 x 2.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>These new Spessartines are some of the most attractive and highly displayable specimens to come out of China in the last few years. This particular piece features several lustrous, gemmy, reddish-orange trapezohedra modified by dodecahedra measuring up to 5 mm associated with greenish Muscovite on Orthoclase matrix. The color in these crystals is a rich orange hue (due to nearly pure Manganese content) and are very attractive. They are not at all dull or pitted. This material is becoming less and less available on the market, and keep in mind that there are only a few worldwide localities that produce this color of Spessartine in fine specimens. Bright orange Spessartine specimens are NOT easy to find these days from any locality.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",576,432,{"id":396,"source_url":397,"license_code":323,"credit_html":398,"title":399,"description":400,"author":327,"original_width":401,"original_height":402},80128,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10143879","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10143879\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-Quartz-139220.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmoky_quartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smoky quartz\">Smoky Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Wushan Spessartine Mine, Tongbei, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FYunxiao_County\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Yunxiao County\">Yunxiao County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FZhangzhou\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Zhangzhou\">Zhangzhou Prefecture\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFujian\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Fujian\">Fujian Province\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-21240.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 10.9 x 4.6 x 3.9 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Mostly what you see from the finds of this combo at Tongbei are plates of smaller smokies with spessartines. This is a single LARGE and quite fine crystal, very slightly smoky, with spessartines wrapping around the sides, but leaving a pretty tiered \"window\" (this compound crystal has a natural \"ledge\" to it) into the interior.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",291,600,{"id":404,"source_url":405,"license_code":323,"credit_html":406,"title":407,"description":408,"author":327,"original_width":409,"original_height":410},80129,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146251","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146251\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-153398.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNani\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Nani\">Nani\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLoliondo\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Loliondo\">Loliondo\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArusha_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arusha Region\">Arusha Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Tanzania (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-180038.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>1.3 cm across. A killer thumbnail: super-equant, razor-sharp, and among the most gemmy in the lot at this size range! This one is on the pure mandarin orange end of the red-orange spectrum of color here. In person it is totally transparent! This is just hard to convey in a photo, given the gemminess and color saturation, and still show all the sharp faces.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",664,688,{"id":412,"source_url":413,"license_code":323,"credit_html":414,"title":415,"description":416,"author":327,"original_width":402,"original_height":417},80130,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162456","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162456\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-222522.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Wushan Spessartine Mine, Tongbei, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FYunxiao_County\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Yunxiao County\">Yunxiao County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FZhangzhou\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Zhangzhou\">Zhangzhou Prefecture\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFujian\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Fujian\">Fujian Province\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-21240.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.3 x 4.2 x 1.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>These are big, gemmy, reddish-orange spessartine garnets from Tongbei, China. The large, beautifully striated crystal is 2.5 cm across. An excellent and uncommon plate from this very well-known locale.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",504,{"id":419,"source_url":420,"license_code":323,"credit_html":421,"title":422,"description":423,"author":327,"original_width":424,"original_height":394},80131,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10169810","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10169810\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-263721.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Seydar, Ho Nala, Braldu Valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSkardu_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Skardu District\">Skardu District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Baltistan\">Baltistan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGilgit-Baltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Gilgit-Baltistan\">Northern Areas\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-211424.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.7 x 2.2 x 2.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>When these specimens first started emerging from Pakistan, they were (and still are) regarded as some of the finest crystallized Spessartine specimens in the world. They are, arguably, the finest red Spessartines available today. This is a pretty thumbnail, which consists of sharp, lustrous, gemmy, rich orange-red color “textbook” trapezohedra of Spessartine creating a lovely \"cluster\". The largest Spessartine crystal measures 1.0 cm across.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",472,{"id":426,"source_url":427,"license_code":323,"credit_html":428,"title":429,"description":430,"author":327,"original_width":431,"original_height":432},80132,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174142","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10174142\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-Quartz-289550.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quartz\">Quartz\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmoky_quartz\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smoky quartz\">Smoky Quartz\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Wushan Spessartine Mine, Tongbei, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FYunxiao_County\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Yunxiao County\">Yunxiao County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FZhangzhou\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Zhangzhou\">Zhangzhou Prefecture\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFujian\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Fujian\">Fujian Province\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-21240.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.5 x 3 x 2.7 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A lovely example of the famous mandarin-orange Spessartines from China. The Garnets have excellent luster, are very gemmy, and range up to about .6 cm in size, all on a Smoky Quartz crystal. Ex. Charlie Key.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",270,450,{"id":434,"source_url":435,"license_code":323,"credit_html":436,"title":437,"description":438,"author":327,"original_width":439,"original_height":440},80134,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10465722","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10465722\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-t08-49a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Navegadora Mine (Navegador Mine; Orozimbo Mine), Penha do Norte, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FConselheiro_Pena\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Conselheiro Pena\">Conselheiro Pena\u003C\u002Fa>, Doce valley, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMinas_Gerais\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Minas Gerais\">Minas Gerais\u003C\u002Fa>, Southeast Region, Brazil (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-30796.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 3.9 x 3.3 x 2.3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Spessartine Garnet\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is another fine miniature specimen of glassy and gemmy spessartine with superb coloration of reddish-orange spessartine, is a complete floater with etched growth. IN person, it is MUCH MUCH more 3-dimensional and impressive! It has a natural vug in which small, white albite crystals have formed that runs up and inside the piece from the bottom. The pics don't convey it, but its really one of the best and brightest miniatures here. Despite its thickness it is wine-red and fully translucent throughout, when backlit. This photo shows only moderate backlighting, even. Approx. 50 grams\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",800,728,{"id":442,"source_url":443,"license_code":323,"credit_html":444,"title":445,"description":446,"author":447,"original_width":448,"original_height":449},87447,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=24605254","Lech Darski, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=24605254\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Granat, spessartyn na albicie - Dolina Shigar, Skardu, Pakistan..jpg","Granat, spessartyn na albicie - Dolina Shigar, Skardu, Pakistan.","Lech Darski",3405,2269,{"id":451,"source_url":452,"license_code":323,"credit_html":453,"title":454,"description":455,"author":327,"original_width":402,"original_height":456},22643,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176204","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176204\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Almandine-Spessartine-Series-164909.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlmandine-Spessartine_Series\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Almandine-Spessartine Series\">Almandine-Spessartine Series\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Ialamitana, Sahanivotry Commune, Antsirabé 2 District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVakinankaratra\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vakinankaratra\">Vakinankaratra Region\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAntananarivo_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Antananarivo Province\">Antananarivo Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Madagascar (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-73010.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.4 x 6.3 x 6.1 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is not Pakistani, but a huge and fine Madagascar garnet - almost 2.5 cm across! It has super luster, sharp faces and deep burgundy color. And, it is isolated right in the top-middle of the contrasting matrix, so it shows very dramatically. This super garnet is out of the garnet collection of Bill Larson.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",554,{"id":458,"source_url":459,"license_code":310,"credit_html":460,"title":461,"description":462,"author":463,"original_width":464,"original_height":465},16895,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=132634054","Eric Polk, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=132634054\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muscovite with spessartine NHMLA.png","Sample of muscovite with spessartine collected from Pakistan. On display at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California.","Eric Polk",1847,2614,{"id":467,"source_url":468,"license_code":323,"credit_html":469,"title":470,"description":471,"author":327,"original_width":472,"original_height":402},80133,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176126","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10176126\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Almandine-Spessartine-Series-157175.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlmandine-Spessartine_Series\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Almandine-Spessartine Series\">Almandine-Spessartine Series\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Ialamitana, Sahanivotry Commune, Antsirabé 2 District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVakinankaratra\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vakinankaratra\">Vakinankaratra Region\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAntananarivo_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Antananarivo Province\">Antananarivo Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Madagascar (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-73010.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.1 x 1.9 x 1.1 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A sharp, textbook crystal of spessartine, not your usual Pakistani one but an uncommon one from Madagascar. It is perched on a perfectly-trimmed natural \"base\" of matrix. The crystal itself measures 1.4 cm. It is shown here under natural light, but under strong light you can see flashes of red - it is actually a deep red all through. Ex. Noted thumbnail collection of Allan Young. [Note: The garnets from Ialamitana, has been found to be an  intermediate almandine-spessartine, MinRec 29, p. 132]\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",537,{"id":474,"source_url":475,"license_code":310,"credit_html":476,"title":477,"description":478,"author":479,"original_width":480,"original_height":481},8736,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=187236418","Strubbl, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=187236418\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartin Hornblende in Quarz-Keratophyrgestein mit Albit und Quarz 20744.jpg","Spessartin Hornblende in Quarz-Keratophyrgestein mit Albit und Quarz","Strubbl",4000,3000,{"id":483,"source_url":484,"license_code":485,"credit_html":486,"title":487,"description":488,"author":489,"original_width":490,"original_height":491},5808,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=63788731","CC0 1.0","Fernando Brederodes, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=63788731\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Clino-suenoite, Rhodonite, Spessartine-653671.jpg",":White acicular crystals of Clino-suenoite (former \u003Ci>Manganocummingtonite\u003C\u002Fi>) and yellow Spessartine on Rhodonite matrix; Analyzed by Ricardo Scholz; Photo and collection Fernando Brederodes.\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Morro da Mina mine, Conselheiro Lafaiete, Minas Gerais, Brazil\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Fernando Brederodes",1255,943,{"id":493,"source_url":494,"license_code":317,"credit_html":495,"title":496,"description":497,"author":498,"original_width":312,"original_height":499},8555,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=146359529","L. Hrdlovič, Martin Števko, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=146359529\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Ferriandrosite-(Ce) enclosed in pyroxmangite and spessartine.png","Dark brown aggregate of ferriandrosite-(Ce) enclosed in pyroxmangite (light pink)–spessartine (light yellow) matrix. Field of view is 2.06 mm. Photo L. Hrdlovič. Holotype material (P1P 2\u002F2023, polished section Be-5).","L. Hrdlovič, Martin Števko",685,{"id":501,"source_url":502,"license_code":317,"credit_html":503,"title":504,"description":505,"author":506,"original_width":507,"original_height":508},23201,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=177138025","Cristian Biagioni, Elena Bonaccorsi, Marco Pasero, Ulf Hålenius, and Ferdinando Bosi, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=177138025\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Suenoite with spessartine.jpg","Colourless fibrous crystals of suenoite with spessartine (a) (field of view: 2 mm) and a backscattered electron image (b) showing a fibrous crystal of suenoite (grey) closely associated with baryte (white). Scortico–Ravazzone, Fivizzano, Massa-Carrara, Tuscany, Italy. Holotype material.","Cristian Biagioni, Elena Bonaccorsi, Marco Pasero, Ulf Hålenius, and Ferdinando Bosi",1222,2266,{"id":510,"source_url":511,"license_code":317,"credit_html":512,"title":513,"description":514,"author":506,"original_width":515,"original_height":516},23202,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=177138066","Cristian Biagioni, Elena Bonaccorsi, Marco Pasero, Ulf Hålenius, and Ferdinando Bosi, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=177138066\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Suenoite with spessartine (a).jpg","Colourless fibrous crystals of suenoite with spessartine (a) (field of view: 2 mm) and a backscattered electron image. Scortico–Ravazzone, Fivizzano, Massa-Carrara, Tuscany, Italy. Holotype material.",1210,1125,{"id":518,"source_url":519,"license_code":323,"credit_html":520,"title":521,"description":522,"author":523,"original_width":524,"original_height":367},67620,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=15927006","Géry PARENT, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=15927006\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Grenat var. spessartine, fluorine, quartz fumé et orthose (Chine) 2.JPG","garnet var. spessartine, fluorine var. green fluorite, quartz var. smoky quartz, feldspar var. microcline : Wushan Spessartine Mine, Tongbei, Yunxiao Co., Zhangzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province, China","Géry PARENT",4288,{"id":526,"source_url":527,"license_code":323,"credit_html":528,"title":529,"description":530,"author":327,"original_width":531,"original_height":394},73294,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10171933","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10171933\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spessartine-Albite-278470.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpessartine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spessartine\">Spessartine\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlbite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Albite\">Albite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPericline\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pericline\">Pericline\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Shengus (Shingus), Haramosh Mts., \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSkardu_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Skardu District\">Skardu District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Baltistan\">Baltistan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGilgit-Baltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Gilgit-Baltistan\">Northern Areas\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2529.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 1.9 x 1.3 x 1.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A very aesthetic thumbnail specimen featuring a sharp, lustrous, deep red color trapezohedron of Spessartine with dodecahedral modifications. A twinned white crystal of Albite (var: \"Pericline\") is jutting out of the top of the Spessartine to create one of the most aesthetic and eye-catching thumbnails from Shengus that I have seen. The piece is nearly a floater were it not for a small contact from a previous Albite crystal on the other side of the piece. Ex. Richard Kosnar Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",505,{"id":533,"source_url":534,"license_code":310,"credit_html":535,"title":536,"description":537,"author":538,"original_width":539,"original_height":367},75730,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113721542","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113721542\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 262 - Grenat spessartine (Tanzanie).jpg","Grenat spessartine, en provenance de Tanzanie, au Muséum de Nantes","Koreller",4272,[541,547,553,558],{"id":542,"url":543,"label":544,"formula":545,"spacegroup":546,"year":273},12936,"\u002Fcif\u002F12936.cif","Rodehorst 2002","O12 Mn3 Al2 Si3","I a -3 d",{"id":548,"url":549,"label":550,"formula":551,"spacegroup":552,"year":273},12949,"\u002Fcif\u002F12949.cif","Gramaccioli 2002","Al2 Mn3 Si3 O12","I a 3 d",{"id":554,"url":555,"label":556,"formula":557,"spacegroup":546,"year":247},12950,"\u002Fcif\u002F12950.cif","Smyth 1990","Mn2.67 Fe.39 Ca.06 Al2.03 Si2.7 O11.04 F.96 H.36",{"id":559,"url":560,"label":561,"formula":562,"spacegroup":546,"year":239},12951,"\u002Fcif\u002F12951.cif","Novak 1971","Si3 Al2 (Mn2.61 Fe.39) O12",[564,565,566,567,568,569,570,571,572],"Erinite (of van der Lingen)","Kashmirine","Mandarin Garnet","Mandarin Granat","Partschinite","Spessartine Garnet","Spessartit","Spessartite","Spessartite garnet",[574,578,582,586,590,594,599,603,607,611,615,619,623,627,631,634,638,642,646,650,654,657,661,664,668,671,675,679,683,686,689,692,698],{"lang":575,"names":576},"ar",[577],"سبيسارتين",{"lang":579,"names":580},"be",[581],"спесартын",{"lang":583,"names":584},"be-tarask",[585],"спэсартыні",{"lang":587,"names":588},"be-x-old",[589],"Спэсартыні",{"lang":591,"names":592},"bg",[593],"Спесартин",{"lang":595,"names":596},"ca",[597,598],"espessartina","Spessartina",{"lang":600,"names":601},"cs",[602],"spessartin",{"lang":604,"names":605},"de",[606],"Spessartin",{"lang":608,"names":609},"es",[610,598],"Espesartina",{"lang":612,"names":613},"et",[614],"spessartiin",{"lang":616,"names":617},"eu",[618],"espesartina",{"lang":620,"names":621},"fa",[622],"اسپسارتیت",{"lang":624,"names":625},"fr",[626],"spessartine",{"lang":628,"names":629},"he",[630],"ספסרטין",{"lang":632,"names":633},"hu",[602],{"lang":635,"names":636},"hy",[637],"սպեսարտին",{"lang":639,"names":640},"it",[641],"spessartina",{"lang":643,"names":644},"ja",[645],"満礬柘榴石",{"lang":647,"names":648},"ka",[649],"სპესარტინი",{"lang":651,"names":652},"lt",[653],"spesartinas",{"lang":655,"names":656},"nb",[602],{"lang":658,"names":659},"nl",[660],"spessartien",{"lang":662,"names":663},"nn",[602],{"lang":665,"names":666},"pl",[667],"spessartyn",{"lang":669,"names":670},"ro",[602],{"lang":672,"names":673},"ru",[674],"спессартин",{"lang":676,"names":677},"sl",[678],"spesartin",{"lang":680,"names":681},"sr",[682],"спесартин",{"lang":684,"names":685},"sv",[602],{"lang":687,"names":688},"uk",[682],{"lang":690,"names":691},"uz",[602],{"lang":693,"names":694},"zh",[695,696,697],"巴西錳鋁石榴石","鈣錳鋁榴石","錳鋁榴石",{"lang":699,"names":700},"zh-tw",[697],"Q20653385",{"history":703,"applications":707},{"markdown":704,"model_version":705,"prompt_version":706,"reviewed_at":11},"The name **spessartine** points to a low range of forested hills in central Germany — the Spessart Mountains — where the mineral was first found.\n\nThe earliest description came from the German chemist Martin Klaproth in 1797. Working on a specimen from the Spessart range, he gave it the cumbersome German label *granatförmiges Braunsteinerz* — literally \"garnet-shaped brownstone ore\"[1]. The name captured two things at once: the crystal habit of a garnet, and the manganese content that gives the mineral its colour. *Braunstein* — brownstone — was the German term of the day for manganese ore.\n\nA clearer chemical identity arrived in 1823. The American chemist Henry Seybert examined a specimen from Haddam, Connecticut, and recognised it as a manganese-bearing member of the garnet family — a \"manganesian\" garnet in the language of the period[2].\n\nThe modern name was coined nine years later. In 1832 the French mineralogist François Sulpice Beudant renamed the species *spessartine*, after the Spessart type locality where Klaproth's specimen had come from[3].\n\nFor more than a century afterwards, spessartine remained a curiosity for mineralogists and a quiet name in collector cabinets. That changed in 1991, when prospectors working the bush country along the Kunene River in northwestern Namibia uncovered an iron-free, brilliant orange variety embedded in mica schist — fine-grained metamorphic rock made largely of mica flakes[4]. Marketed under several short-lived names — including *hollandine* and *Kunene spessartine* — the stone settled in the trade as **mandarin garnet**. A second deposit surfaced in southwestern Nigeria in April 1994, in a riverbed near the border with Benin[5].","claude-opus-4-7","1.7.0",{"markdown":708,"model_version":705,"prompt_version":706,"reviewed_at":11},"Spessartine's role today is almost entirely as a gemstone. When the crystal is clear, it cuts a semiprecious stone[1], prized above all for the saturated orange variety the trade calls **mandarin garnet**[2].\n\nThat orange variety — iron-free and almost luminous in colour — is the version most jewellers and collectors actually pursue. Top-quality stones are extremely rare[2], and the supply moves with whichever deposit happens to be producing. The principal modern sources are pegmatite-hosted finds in Madagascar[3], the 1991 Kunene-River occurrence in northwestern Namibia, and the southwestern Nigerian riverbed discovered in 1994[2]. Violet-red spessartines turn up in the volcanic rhyolites of Colorado and Maine[3], and pale yellow-orange to deep red material has long been collected from granites and pegmatites in central India, Madagascar, and Silver Cliff, Colorado[4].\n\nBeyond the gem trade, spessartine has no significant industrial role. The mineral is rare enough that, even within jewellery, it sees less use than other members of the garnet family[4]. Its value rests almost entirely on its colour."]