[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:3853":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":22,"key_elements":23,"impurities":11,"cim":24,"ima_status":25,"ima_notes":28,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":30,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":11,"strunz10ed1":31,"strunz10ed2":32,"strunz10ed3":33,"strunz10ed4":34,"dana8ed1":35,"dana8ed2":36,"dana8ed3":37,"dana8ed4":36,"csystem":38,"cclass":39,"spacegroup":40,"spacegroupset":41,"a":42,"b":43,"c":44,"alpha":41,"beta":45,"gamma":41,"aerror":46,"berror":11,"cerror":46,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":47,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":48,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":49,"twinning":50,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":51,"tlform":11,"hmin":52,"hmax":52,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":41,"vhnmax":41,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":53,"dmeas2":53,"dcalc":54,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":55,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":56,"streak":11,"colour":57,"commentcolor":11,"colors":58,"streak_colors":11,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":11,"cleavagetype":11,"fracturetype":65,"tenacity":66,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":67,"opticalsign":68,"opticalalpha":41,"opticalalpha2":41,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":41,"opticalbeta2":41,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":41,"opticalgamma2":41,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":69,"opticalomega2":41,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":70,"opticalepsilon2":41,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":41,"opticaln2":41,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":41,"optical2vcalc2":41,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":41,"optical2vmeasured2":41,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":71,"rimax":72,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":73,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":74,"otheroccurrence":75,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":76,"aboutname":77,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":78,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":79,"group_members":80,"associates":107,"confused_with":108,"type_localities":109,"occurrence_total":116,"citations":117,"images":166,"structures":194,"synonyms":201,"language_names":206,"wikidata_qid":246,"texts":247},3853,"1:1:3853:5","2789da2f-d73d-4643-a3af-1ea5ac71c5c8","Synchysite-(Ce)","Syn-Ce",0,"mineral",null,32183,7985,false,"CaCe(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>F",[17,18,19,20,21],"Ca","Ce","O","C","F",[17,18,19,20,21],[18],"12.1.13",[26,27],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED",[29],"RENAMED",1982,"5","B","D","20c","16a","1","3","Monoclinic",5,10,"0","12.329","7.11","18.741","102.68",2,1,12,"Strongly pseudohexagonal. Commonly observed subcell is primitive-hexagonal, a ~4.10, c ~18.2 A.","On {0001}","Acute pyramidal; spindle-shaped.\r\nAlso thin or thick tabular.",4.5,"3.9","3.88","Sub-Adamantine,Vitreous,Greasy","Translucent,Opaque","Gray, gray-yellow, orange-yellow, brown, beige, light green, white",[59,60,61,62,63,64],"gray","yellow","orange","brown","white","green","Splintery,Sub-Conchoidal","brittle","Uniaxial","+","1.674","1.77",1.674,1.77,"Weak","Pegmatitic segregations in syenite.","Hydrothermal accessory mineral in granites and alkalic syenites.","Synchysite Group. \r\n\r\nCe analogue of Synchysite-(Y) and Synchysite-(Nd); Ca analogue of Huanghoite-(Ce).\r\nF-dominant analogue of \"Hydroxylsynchysite-(Ce)\" (not approved).\r\n\r\nChemically related to parisite-(Ce), and röntgenite-(Ce). \r\n\r\nMay be intergrow...","Named in 1901 by Gustav Flink from the Greek σύγχΰσις \"synchys\" for \"confounding\" in allusion to its initially being mistaken for parisite. The suffix \"-(Ce)\" was added by the IMA due to the dominance of cerium in the composition.","2026-04-04 16:52:26",[],[81,89,93,100],{"id":82,"name":83,"entrytype":9,"csystem":84,"ima_formula":85,"mindat_formula":85,"hmin":52,"hmax":39,"dmeas":86,"dcalc":87,"primary_image_id":88},1938,"Huanghoite-(Ce)","Trigonal","BaCe(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>F","4.51","4.49",11669,{"id":90,"name":91,"entrytype":9,"csystem":84,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":92,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},472236,"Huanghoite-(Nd)"," BaNd(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>F",{"id":94,"name":95,"entrytype":9,"csystem":96,"ima_formula":97,"mindat_formula":97,"hmin":52,"hmax":52,"dmeas":41,"dcalc":98,"primary_image_id":99},3854,"Synchysite-(Nd)","Orthorhombic","CaNd(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>F","4.14",5362,{"id":101,"name":102,"entrytype":9,"csystem":38,"ima_formula":103,"mindat_formula":103,"hmin":104,"hmax":105,"dmeas":41,"dcalc":41,"primary_image_id":106},3855,"Synchysite-(Y)","CaY(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>F",6,6.5,23414,[],[],[110],{"id":111,"txt":112,"latitude":113,"longitude":114,"country":115},1961,"Narssârssuk pegmatite, Narsaarsuk Plateau, Igaliku, Kujalleq, Greenland",61.0330556,-45.3777778,"Greenland",299,[118,122,126,130,134,138,142,147,151,156,161],{"id":119,"year":120,"html":121,"doi":11},16124908,1900,"Flink, G. (1900): Mineralogische Notizen. 1. Ueber den Synchysit von Narsarsuk in Süd-Grönland, ein Mineral, welches für Parisit gehalten wurde. Bulletin of the Geological Instution of the University of Upsala, 5, 81-87.",{"id":123,"year":124,"html":125,"doi":11},524428,1966,"Levinson, A. A. (1966) A system of nomenclature for rare-earth minerals. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  51 (1-2) 152-158 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM51\u002FAM51_152.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":127,"year":128,"html":129,"doi":11},528365,1987,"Nickel, Ernest H., Mandarino, Joseph A. (1987) Procedures involving the IMA Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names and guidelines on mineral nomenclature. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  72 (9-10) 1031-1042 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM72\u002FAM72_1031.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":131,"year":132,"html":133,"doi":11},529451,1993,"Ni, Yunxiang, Hughes, John M., Mariano, Anthony N. (1993) The atomic arrangement of bastnäsite-(Ce), Ce(CO3)F, and structural elements of synchysite-(Ce), röntgenite-(Ce), and parisite-(Ce) \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  78 (3-4) 415-418 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM78\u002FAM78_415.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":135,"year":136,"html":137,"doi":11},16124909,1994,"Wang, L., Ni, Y., Hughes, J.M., Bayliss, P., Drexler, J.W. (1994): The atomic arrangement of synchysite-(Ce), CeCaF(CO3)2. The Canadian Mineralogist, 32, 865-871.",{"id":139,"year":140,"html":141,"doi":11},16108835,1995,"Jambor, J.L., Roberts, A.C. (1995) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 80: 1073-1077.",{"id":143,"year":144,"html":145,"doi":146},16465,2001,"Förster, H.-J. (2001) Synchysite-(Y)-synchysite-(Ce) solid solutions from Markersbach, Erzgebirge, Germany: REE and Th mobility during high-T alteration of highly fractionated aluminous A-type granites. \u003Ci>Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  72 (4) 259-280 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs007100170019'>doi:10.1007\u002Fs007100170019\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fs007100170019",{"id":148,"year":149,"html":150,"doi":11},16967561,2005,"(2005) Synchysite-(Ce). \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fsynchysite-Ce.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":152,"year":153,"html":154,"doi":155},397565,2014,"Turner, D. J., Rivard, B., Groat, L. A. (2014) Visible and short-wave infrared reflectance spectroscopy of REE fluorocarbonates. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  99 (7) 1335-1346 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam.2014.4674'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam.2014.4674\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam.2014.4674",{"id":157,"year":158,"html":159,"doi":160},7736329,2020,"Capitani, Giancarlo (2020) Synchysite-(Ce) from Cinquevalli (Trento, Italy): Stacking Disorder and the Polytypism of (Ca,REE)-Fluorcarbonates. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>, 10 (1) 77 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin10010077'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin10010077\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2075-163X\u002F10\u002F1\u002F77\u002Fpdf?version=1579769649' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin10010077",{"id":162,"year":163,"html":164,"doi":165},18480933,2025,"Conconi, Roberto; Merlini, Marco; Fumagalli, Patrizia; Mugnaioli, Enrico; Folco, Luigi; Capitani, Giancarlo (2025) Average structure and microstructure of synchysite-(Ce) from Cuasso al Monte (Varese, Italy). \u003Ci>European Journal of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>,  37 (2). 233-247 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5194\u002Fejm-37-233-2025'>doi:10.5194\u002Fejm-37-233-2025\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fejm.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F37\u002F233\u002F2025\u002Fejm-37-233-2025.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.5194\u002Fejm-37-233-2025",[167,177,187],{"id":168,"source_url":169,"license_code":170,"credit_html":171,"title":172,"description":173,"author":174,"original_width":175,"original_height":176},23409,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14865651","CC BY-SA 3.0","Christian Rewitzer, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14865651\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Synchysite-107154.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSynchysite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Synchysite\">Synchysite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Adra-Motril highway, Adra, Almería, Andalusia, Spain\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Picture width 2 mm. Collection and photograph Christian Rewitzer\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Christian Rewitzer",980,1000,{"id":178,"source_url":179,"license_code":180,"credit_html":181,"title":182,"description":183,"author":184,"original_width":185,"original_height":186},23410,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=48956733","CC0 1.0","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=48956733\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Synchysite-(Ce)-189497.jpg","Locality: Poudrette quarry (Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Desourdy quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire), Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada\n\u003Cp>FOV 2.3 x 2.9 mm. Found Sept 1994. MOB coll.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nResinous brown synchysite-(Ce).","Modris Baum",587,768,{"id":99,"source_url":188,"license_code":180,"credit_html":189,"title":190,"description":191,"author":192,"original_width":176,"original_height":193},"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=48957316","Jyrki Autio, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=48957316\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Synchysite-(Y)-619368.jpg","Locality: Pyörönmaa pegmatite, Kangasala, Western and Inner Finland Region, Finland\n\u003Cp>Dimensions: 20 mm x 7 mm x 5 mm\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nFragment of 40 mm pseudomorph mainly composed of synchysite-(Y) with admixture of chernovite\u002Fxenotime phase, silica and hematite. Collected 2014.","Jyrki Autio",667,[195],{"id":196,"url":197,"label":198,"formula":199,"spacegroup":200,"year":136},13373,"\u002Fcif\u002F13373.cif","Wang 1994","Ce Ca C2 O6 F","C 1 2\u002Fc 1",[202,203,204,205],"IMA1982-030","Synchisit-(Ce)","Synchisite-(Ce)","Synchysiet-(Ce)",[207,212,217,222,227,231,234,238,242],{"lang":208,"names":209},"ca",[210,211],"Sinquisita-","sinquisita-(Ce)",{"lang":213,"names":214},"de",[215,216],"IMA 1982-030","Synchysit-(Ce)",{"lang":218,"names":219},"es",[220,221],"Sinchisita-","sinchisita-(Ce)",{"lang":223,"names":224},"eu",[225,226],"Sinkisita-","Sinkisita-(Ce)",{"lang":228,"names":229},"fr",[230,7],"Synchysite-",{"lang":232,"names":233},"it",[230,7],{"lang":235,"names":236},"nb",[237],"synchysitt-(Ce)",{"lang":239,"names":240},"nn",[241,237],"Synchysitt-",{"lang":243,"names":244},"zh",[245],"直碳鈣鈰礦","Q948415",{"history":248,"applications":252},{"markdown":249,"model_version":250,"prompt_version":251,"reviewed_at":11},"The name carries a confession. It comes from the Greek *synchys* — confounding — chosen because the mineral was so easily mistaken for another[1]. That other was parisite, a close chemical cousin: both are rare-earth fluorocarbonates, minerals built from calcium, cerium, carbonate and fluorine in similar proportions. The two grow tangled together in the same rock, and early mineralogists could not always tell them apart[2].\n\nThe Swedish mineralogist Gustaf Flink first found it in 1900, in syenitic pegmatites at Narssarssuk in Greenland[3]. He published the name the following year, in 1901[1]. The first specimens came from those Greenland pegmatites — coarse-grained igneous rocks rich in rare-earth elements, the family of metals that includes cerium and lanthanum.\n\nThe suffix *-(Ce)* is a later addition. Mineralogists use it to flag which rare-earth element dominates the recipe — here, cerium[1]. The International Mineralogical Association formalised that cerium-dominant species in 1982, fixing the name as synchysite-(Ce) and distinguishing it from its yttrium-rich twin, synchysite-(Y).","claude-opus-4-8","1.7.0",{"markdown":253,"model_version":250,"prompt_version":251,"reviewed_at":11},"Synchysite-(Ce) is a minor ore of the rare-earth elements — the family of metals, cerium and lanthanum among them, that goes into magnets, catalysts and phosphors. It is rarely the main prize. The bulk of the world's rare earths comes from two other minerals: bastnäsite, a related fluorocarbonate, and monazite, a phosphate[1]. Synchysite-(Ce) sits behind both as a secondary source, worth recovering only where it concentrates.\n\nIt does concentrate in a few places. In the Lugiin Gol deposit of southern Mongolia, synchysite-(Ce) is the most abundant rare-earth fluorocarbonate, making up about 11 percent of an ore body estimated at 500,000 tonnes[2]. There it is mined alongside its intergrown cousins, bastnäsite-(Ce) and parisite-(Ce), as part of a mixed rare-earth concentrate rather than on its own[2].\n\nBeyond such deposits, the mineral's main pull is for collectors and researchers. Its tendency to grow tangled with parisite, bastnäsite and röntgenite makes it a subject of study in how these rare-earth carbonates form and separate[3]."]