[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:47018":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":11,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":14,"mindat_formula_note":15,"ima_formula":16,"elements":17,"sigelements":22,"key_elements":23,"impurities":11,"cim":11,"ima_status":24,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":26,"publication_year":27,"discovery_year":11,"strunz10ed1":28,"strunz10ed2":20,"strunz10ed3":29,"strunz10ed4":30,"dana8ed1":31,"dana8ed2":31,"dana8ed3":31,"dana8ed4":31,"csystem":32,"cclass":33,"spacegroup":34,"spacegroupset":35,"a":36,"b":37,"c":38,"alpha":11,"beta":39,"gamma":11,"aerror":40,"berror":41,"cerror":42,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":43,"gammaerror":11,"va3":44,"z":45,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":11,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":11,"tlform":46,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":11,"vhnmax":11,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":11,"dmeas2":11,"dcalc":47,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":48,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":49,"streak":11,"colour":50,"commentcolor":11,"colors":51,"streak_colors":11,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":57,"cleavagetype":58,"fracturetype":11,"tenacity":59,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":60,"opticalsign":61,"opticalalpha":62,"opticalalpha2":11,"opticalalphaerror":42,"opticalbeta":63,"opticalbeta2":11,"opticalbetaerror":42,"opticalgamma":64,"opticalgamma2":11,"opticalgammaerror":43,"opticalomega":11,"opticalomega2":11,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":11,"opticalepsilon2":11,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":11,"opticaln2":11,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":11,"optical2vcalc2":11,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":65,"optical2vmeasured2":11,"optical2vmeasurederror":66,"rimin":67,"rimax":68,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":11,"type_specimen_store":69,"description_short":70,"aboutname":71,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":72,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":73,"group_members":74,"associates":75,"confused_with":76,"type_localities":77,"occurrence_total":84,"citations":85,"images":188,"structures":199,"synonyms":200,"language_names":205,"wikidata_qid":229,"texts":230},47018,"1:1:47018:0","dc743f65-6876-4bdf-b1b7-93662076d500","Tinnunculite","Tnn",0,"mineral",null,104,false,"C\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>H\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>N\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>·2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","structural formula: NHC(O)NHC\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>C(O)NHC(O)NH·2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","C\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>H\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>N\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub> · 2H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",[18,19,20,21],"N","O","C","H",[18,19,20,21],[18],[25],"APPROVED",2015,2016,"10","A","65","0","Monoclinic",5,14,"P21\u002Fc ","7.261","6.365","17.48","91.0",9,7,3,1,820,4,"Prismatic or tabular crystals, uр to 0.2 mm in length,  clusters, and crystalline ог micro-globular crusts.","1.68","Vitreous","Transparent,Translucent","Colorless, white, yellowish, reddish or раlе lilас",[52,53,54,55,56],"colorless","white","yellow","red","purple","Distinct (010).","Distinct\u002FGood","brittle","Biaxial","-","1.503","1.712","1.74","40",10,1.503,1.74,"Type material is deposited in the collections of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, registration number 4695\u002F1.","A naturally occurring dihydrate of uricite (uric acid) to which it is visually very similar.\r\nWell-known though rare component of urinary and other stones (a biomineral).\r\n\r\nNot to be confused with Tinnunculite (of Chesnokov & Shcherbakova).\r\n\r\nChemica...","Named after the Common Kestrel (\u003Cem>Falco tinnunculus\u003C\u002Fem>). An original description was of material formed as a product of hot gases from a burning coal dump reacting with excrement from Falco tinnunculus.  It was rejected by the IMA for being of anthropogenic origin (the burning coal dump), however natural material was later found and the name was kept.","2026-05-11 14:15:36",[],[],[],[],[78],{"id":79,"txt":80,"latitude":81,"longitude":82,"country":83},2662,"Rasvumchorr Mt, Murmansk Oblast, Russia",67.6,33.9,"Russia",18,[86,91,96,100,105,109,113,117,121,126,130,134,139,143,147,152,157,162,167,172,175,179,184],{"id":87,"year":88,"html":89,"doi":90},621361,1965,"Ringertz, H. (1965) Optical and crystallographic data of uric acid and its dihydrate. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica\u003C\u002Fi>,  19 (2) 286-287 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0365110x65003298'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0365110x65003298\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0365110x65003298",{"id":92,"year":93,"html":94,"doi":95},2231437,1966,"Lonsdale, K., Mason, P. (1966) Uric Acid, Uric Acid Dihydrate, and Urates in Urinary Calculi, Ancient and Modern. \u003Ci>Science\u003C\u002Fi>, 152 (3728). 1511-1512 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1126\u002Fscience.152.3728.1511'>doi:10.1126\u002Fscience.152.3728.1511\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1126\u002Fscience.152.3728.1511",{"id":97,"year":93,"html":98,"doi":99},2231441,"Shirley, R. (1966) Uric Acid Dihydrate: Crystallography and Identification. \u003Ci>Science\u003C\u002Fi>, 152 (3728). 1512-1513 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1126\u002Fscience.152.3728.1512'>doi:10.1126\u002Fscience.152.3728.1512\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1126\u002Fscience.152.3728.1512",{"id":101,"year":102,"html":103,"doi":104},2269286,1971,"Lonsdale, K., Sutor, D. J. (1971) Uric Acid Dihydrate in Bird Urine. \u003Ci>Science\u003C\u002Fi>, 172 (3986). 958-959 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1126\u002Fscience.172.3986.958'>doi:10.1126\u002Fscience.172.3986.958\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1126\u002Fscience.172.3986.958",{"id":106,"year":107,"html":108,"doi":11},16138122,1975,"Hesse, A.; Schneider, H. J.; Berg, W.; Hienzsch, E. (1975): Uric acid dihydrate as urinary calculus component. Investigative Urology 12, 405-409.",{"id":110,"year":111,"html":112,"doi":11},16138123,1980,"Yong Go, K.; Boerner, R. H.; Berg, W.; Schneider, H. J. (1980): Stabilization factors for uric acid dihydrate - a contribution to urine stone formation. Jenaer Harnsteinsymposium 6, 71-74 (in German).",{"id":114,"year":115,"html":116,"doi":11},16138124,1981,"Dosch, W. (1981): New urates (II): uric acid and uric acid dihydrate. Fortschritte der Urologie und Nephrologie 17, 254-264 (in German).",{"id":118,"year":115,"html":119,"doi":120},2751823,"Boistelle, R., Rinaudo, C. (1981) Phase transition and epitaxies between hydrated orthorhombic and anhydrous monoclinic uric acid crystals. \u003Ci>Journal of Crystal Growth\u003C\u002Fi>, 53 (1). 1-9 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0022-0248(81)90050-6'>doi:10.1016\u002F0022-0248(81)90050-6\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0022-0248(81)90050-6",{"id":122,"year":123,"html":124,"doi":125},2776344,1987,"Babić-Ivančić, V., Füredi-Milhofer, H., Brown, W.E., Gregory, T.M. (1987) Precipitation diagrams and solubility of uric acid dihydrate. \u003Ci>Journal of Crystal Growth\u003C\u002Fi>, 83 (4). 581-587 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0022-0248(87)90253-3'>doi:10.1016\u002F0022-0248(87)90253-3\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0022-0248(87)90253-3",{"id":127,"year":128,"html":129,"doi":11},16131309,1991,"Chesnokov B.V., Shcherbakova T.P. (1991): The mineralogy of burnt dumps of the Chelyabinsk coal basin. Moscow, p. 152 (in Russian).",{"id":131,"year":132,"html":133,"doi":11},16138126,1993,"Artioli, G., Galli, E. & Ferrari, M. (1993): Uric acid dihydrate - a new mineral? Rivista Mineralogica Italiana 16 (4) (1993-4), 261-264 (in Italian).",{"id":135,"year":136,"html":137,"doi":138},189002,1997,"Artioli, G., Masciocchi, N., Galli, E. (1997) The Elusive Crystal Structure of Uric Acid Dihydrate: Implication for Epitaxial Growth During Biomineralization. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science\u003C\u002Fi>,  53 (3) 498-503 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0108768196013067'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0108768196013067\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0108768196013067",{"id":140,"year":141,"html":142,"doi":11},15941508,1998,"Cesnokov, B.; Kotrly, M.; Nisanbajev, T. (1998) Brennende Abraumhalden und Aufschlüsse im Tscheljabinsker Kohlenbecken - eine reiche Mineralienküche [Burning tailings and outcrops in the Chelyabinsk coal basin - a rich mineral kitchen]. \u003Ci>Mineralien-Welt\u003C\u002Fi>,  9 (3). 54-63",{"id":144,"year":141,"html":145,"doi":146},188898,"Parkin, S., Hope, H. (1998) Uric Acid Dihydrate Revisited. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science\u003C\u002Fi>,  54 (3) 339-344 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0108768197015218'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0108768197015218\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0108768197015218",{"id":148,"year":149,"html":150,"doi":151},12676225,2000,"Wang, Zhonghua, Seidel, Jürgen, Wolf, Gert, Königsberger, Erich (2000) Dissolution enthalpies of uric acid and uric acid dihydrate. \u003Ci>Thermochimica Acta\u003C\u002Fi>, 354. 7-13 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fs0040-6031(00)00492-5'>doi:10.1016\u002Fs0040-6031(00)00492-5\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fs0040-6031(00)00492-5",{"id":153,"year":154,"html":155,"doi":156},13510856,2009,"Zellelow, Amanuel Z.; Kim, Kun-Hae; Sours, Ryan E.; Swift, Jennifer A. (2009) Solid-State Dehydration of Uric Acid Dihydrate. \u003Ci>Crystal Growth & Design\u003C\u002Fi>,  10 (1). 418-425 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1021\u002Fcg9010218'>doi:10.1021\u002Fcg9010218\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1021\u002Fcg9010218",{"id":158,"year":159,"html":160,"doi":161},13511660,2010,"Zellelow, Amanuel Z.; Abiye, Melat; Fink, Dorothy A.; Ford, Catherine E.; Kim, Kun-Hae; Sours, Ryan E.; Yannette, Clare M.; Swift, Jennifer A. (2010) Doping Uric Acid Crystals. 1. Uric Acid Dihydrate. \u003Ci>Crystal Growth & Design\u003C\u002Fi>,  10 (8). 3340-3347 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1021\u002Fcg1005049'>doi:10.1021\u002Fcg1005049\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1021\u002Fcg1005049",{"id":163,"year":164,"html":165,"doi":166},12681479,2013,"Sádovská, Galina, Honcová, Pavla, Sádovský, Zdeněk (2013) Kinetics and enthalpy of crystallization of uric acid dihydrate. \u003Ci>Thermochimica Acta\u003C\u002Fi>, 566. 211-213 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.tca.2013.06.005'>doi:10.1016\u002Fj.tca.2013.06.005\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002Fj.tca.2013.06.005",{"id":168,"year":169,"html":170,"doi":171},4448902,2014,"Presores, Janeth B., Swift, Jennifer A. (2014) Solution-mediated phase transformation of uric acid dihydrate. \u003Ci>CrystEngComm\u003C\u002Fi>, 16. 7278-7284 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1039\u002Fc4ce00574k'>doi:10.1039\u002Fc4ce00574k\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1039\u002Fc4ce00574k",{"id":173,"year":27,"html":174,"doi":11},16062988,"Pekov, I.V., Chukanov, N.V., Yapaskurt, V.O., Belakovskiy, D.I., Lykova, I.S., Zubkova, N.V., Shcherbakova, E.P., Britvin, S.N., Chervonnyi, A.D. (2016) Tinnunculite, C5H4N4O3·2H2O: finds at Kola Peninsula, redefinition and validation as a mineral species. Zapiski Rossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchetstva: 145(4): 20-35.",{"id":176,"year":27,"html":177,"doi":178},244770,"Hålenius, U., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2016) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2015 and 2016, CNMNC Newsletter No 29. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine\u003C\u002Fi>,  80 (1) 199-205 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.2016.080.080'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.2016.080.080\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.2016.080.080",{"id":180,"year":181,"html":182,"doi":183},398461,2017,"Belakovskiy, Dmitriy I., Cámara, Fernando, Gagne, Olivier C., Uvarova, Yulia (2017) New Mineral Names. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  102 (9) 1961-1968 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-2017-nmn102920'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-2017-nmn102920\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-2017-nmn102920",{"id":185,"year":186,"html":187,"doi":11},16967723,2018,"(2018) Tinnunculite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Ftinnunculite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",[189],{"id":190,"source_url":191,"license_code":192,"credit_html":193,"title":194,"description":195,"author":196,"original_width":197,"original_height":198},24237,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=189821679","CC BY 4.0","David Hospital, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=189821679\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tinnunculite.jpg","Outstanding white crystals of the very rare organic mineral tinnunculite from one of the few known localities worldwide: Laurenburg, Diez, Rhein-Lahn, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Analyzed by XRD (ref. A993). A naturally occurring dihydrate of uricite (uric acid) to which it is visually very similar. Ex. Erich Laskowski collection (USA).","David Hospital",706,600,[],[201,202,203,204],"IMA2015-021a","Tinnunculiet","UM1993-32-CH:NO","Unnamed (Uric Acid Dihydrate)",[206,211,216,219,222,225],{"lang":207,"names":208},"ca",[209,210],"Tinnunculita","tinnunculita (de Chesnokov i Shcherbakova)",{"lang":212,"names":213},"de",[214,215],"IMA 2015-021a","Tinnunculit",{"lang":217,"names":218},"es",[209],{"lang":220,"names":221},"eu",[209],{"lang":223,"names":224},"it",[7],{"lang":226,"names":227},"uk",[228],"Тиннункуліт","Q3991598",{"history":11,"applications":11}]