[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:4135":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":11,"weighting":12,"nolocadd":13,"blacklisted":13,"mindat_formula":14,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":14,"elements":15,"sigelements":18,"key_elements":19,"impurities":20,"cim":21,"ima_status":22,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":25,"strunz10ed1":26,"strunz10ed2":27,"strunz10ed3":28,"strunz10ed4":29,"dana8ed1":26,"dana8ed2":30,"dana8ed3":31,"dana8ed4":32,"csystem":33,"cclass":34,"spacegroup":35,"spacegroupset":36,"a":37,"b":38,"c":39,"alpha":36,"beta":36,"gamma":36,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":11,"csmetamict":13,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":11,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":40,"tlform":11,"hmin":41,"hmax":42,"hardtype":42,"vhnmin":36,"vhnmax":36,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":43,"dmeas2":43,"dcalc":43,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":44,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":45,"streak":46,"colour":47,"commentcolor":11,"colors":48,"streak_colors":53,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":54,"cleavagetype":55,"fracturetype":11,"tenacity":56,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":57,"opticalsign":58,"opticalalpha":59,"opticalalpha2":36,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":60,"opticalbeta2":36,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":60,"opticalgamma2":36,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":36,"opticalomega2":36,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":36,"opticalepsilon2":36,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":36,"opticaln2":36,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":36,"optical2vcalc2":36,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":36,"optical2vmeasured2":36,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":61,"rimax":62,"opticaldispersion":63,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":64,"other":65,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":11,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":11,"aboutname":66,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":67,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":68,"group_members":69,"associates":70,"confused_with":148,"type_localities":155,"occurrence_total":162,"citations":163,"images":235,"structures":343,"synonyms":363,"language_names":387,"wikidata_qid":473,"texts":474},4135,"1:1:4135:1","f1f5417a-eabb-4d38-9428-de242096c945","Valentinite","Vln",0,"mineral",null,7207,false,"Sb\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",[16,17],"Sb","O",[16,17],[16],",As,,","7.13.4",[23,24],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1845","4","C","B","55","3","11","1","Orthorhombic",8,66,"0","4.91","12.46","5.42","Commonly prismatic either [001] or [100]; also tabular {010}. Prism faces often rounded by striations parallel to [001], and the brachydomes are striated [100]. Fan-shaped or stellate aggregates, in bundles and druses and as aggregates of thin plates. Massive, with lamellar, columnar, or granular structure.",2.5,3,"5.76","Adamantine,Pearly","Transparent","White","Colourless, white, light gray, light yellow",[49,50,51,52],"colorless","white","gray","yellow",[50],"on {110}, imperfect on {010}","Perfect","brittle","Biaxial","-","2.18","2.35",2.18,2.35,"extreme","Heated in a closed tube, it fuses and partially sublimates.  Before the blowpipe, on charcoal, it fuses easily and gives a white coating.","Soluble in HCl.","Named after Basilius Valentinus (Anglicized: Basil Valentine) (1394? Mainz, Germany - 1450 Germany?), who wrote about the properties of antimony. Valentinus may have been a real 15th-century chemist, but some historians argue that it was a pseudonym used by one or more 16th-century German authors.\r\n\r\nWhoever he was, Basil Valentine had considerable knowledge of chemistry. He demonstrated that ammonia could be obtained by the action of alkali on salammoniac (ammonium chloride), described the production of hydrochloric acid by acidifying brine of common salt (sodium chloride), and created ethyl chloride and oil of vitriol (sulfuric acid), among other achievements.","2025-08-11 12:14:24",[],[],[71,80,87,98,107,115,122,131,140],{"id":72,"name":73,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":74,"mindat_formula":74,"hmin":75,"hmax":76,"dmeas":77,"dcalc":78,"primary_image_id":79},936,"Cervantite","Sb\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Sb\u003Csup>5+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",4,5,"6.5","6.64",38919,{"id":81,"name":82,"entrytype":9,"csystem":83,"ima_formula":84,"mindat_formula":85,"hmin":42,"hmax":42,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":86,"primary_image_id":11},39970,"Chovanite","Monoclinic","Pb\u003Csub>15-2x\u003C\u002Fsub>Sb\u003Csub>14+2x\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>36\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>x\u003C\u002Fsub> (x~0.2)","Pb\u003Csub>15-2x\u003C\u002Fsub>Sb\u003Csub>14+2x\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>36\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>x\u003C\u002Fsub> (x ~ 0.2)","6.029",{"id":88,"name":89,"entrytype":9,"csystem":90,"ima_formula":91,"mindat_formula":92,"hmin":93,"hmax":94,"dmeas":95,"dcalc":96,"primary_image_id":97},2187,"Kermesite","Triclinic","Sb\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>OS\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","Sb\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O",1,1.5,"4.5","4.85",13189,{"id":99,"name":100,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":101,"mindat_formula":102,"hmin":103,"hmax":75,"dmeas":104,"dcalc":105,"primary_image_id":106},2223,"Klebelsbergite","Sb\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","Sb\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(SO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",3.5,"4.62","4.68",13422,{"id":108,"name":109,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":110,"mindat_formula":111,"hmin":103,"hmax":75,"dmeas":112,"dcalc":113,"primary_image_id":114},2827,"Nadorite","PbSb\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl","PbSbClO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","7.02","7.06",16960,{"id":116,"name":117,"entrytype":9,"csystem":118,"ima_formula":16,"mindat_formula":16,"hmin":42,"hmax":103,"dmeas":119,"dcalc":120,"primary_image_id":121},262,"Native Antimony","Trigonal","6.61","6.697",17082,{"id":123,"name":124,"entrytype":9,"csystem":125,"ima_formula":126,"mindat_formula":127,"hmin":103,"hmax":103,"dmeas":128,"dcalc":129,"primary_image_id":130},3554,"Schafarzikite","Tetragonal","Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>(Sb\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Sb\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.3","5.24",21711,{"id":132,"name":133,"entrytype":9,"csystem":134,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":135,"hmin":136,"hmax":137,"dmeas":138,"dcalc":36,"primary_image_id":139},3776,"Stibiconite","Isometric","Sb\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Sb\u003Csup>5+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)  ",5.5,7,"3.3",22868,{"id":141,"name":142,"entrytype":9,"csystem":33,"ima_formula":143,"mindat_formula":143,"hmin":144,"hmax":144,"dmeas":145,"dcalc":146,"primary_image_id":147},3782,"Stibnite","Sb\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>S\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",2,"4.63","4.625",18319,[149],{"id":150,"name":151,"entrytype":9,"csystem":134,"ima_formula":14,"mindat_formula":14,"hmin":144,"hmax":41,"dmeas":152,"dcalc":153,"primary_image_id":154},3618,"Senarmontite","5.5","5.584",22072,[156],{"id":157,"txt":158,"latitude":159,"longitude":160,"country":161},1668,"Les Chalanches Mine, Allemond, Grenoble, Isère, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France",45.134825,5.985348,"France",365,[164,168,172,176,181,185,190,194,198,203,207,212,217,222,227,231],{"id":165,"year":166,"html":167,"doi":11},16772231,1802,"Klaproth, M. H. (1802) XCIII. Chemische Untersuchung des Weiß-Spießglanzerzes. In \u003Ci>Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 3. Rottmann. p.183-186. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.e-rara.ch\u002Fdownload\u002Fpdf\u002F12724697.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":169,"year":170,"html":171,"doi":11},16126954,1845,"Haidinger, W. (1845) Zweite Klasse: Geogenide. II. Ordnung. Baryte VIII. Antimonbaryt. Valentinit. in Handbuch der Bestimmenden Mineralogie, Bei Braumüller and Seidel (Wien): 499-506.",{"id":173,"year":174,"html":175,"doi":11},16126955,1886,"Brezina (1886) Ann Mus. Wien: 1: 145.",{"id":177,"year":178,"html":179,"doi":180},400054,1912,"Ungemach, Henri (1912) Sur la valentinite. \u003Ci>Bulletin de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi>,  35 (6) 539-552 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1912.3534'>doi:10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1912.3534\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1912.3534",{"id":182,"year":183,"html":184,"doi":11},16126958,1937,"Schaller, W.T. (1937) Crystallography of valentinite (Sb2O3) and andorite (?) (2PbS - Ag2S - 3Sb2S3) from Oregon. American Mineralogist: 22: 651.",{"id":186,"year":187,"html":188,"doi":189},105463,1938,"Buerger, M. J., Hendricks, Sterling B. (1938) The Crystal Structure of Valentinite (Orthorhombic Sb2O3). \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials\u003C\u002Fi>,  98 (1). 1-30 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1938.98.1.1'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1938.98.1.1\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002Fzk\u002Fvol98\u002FZK98_1.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1938.98.1.1",{"id":191,"year":192,"html":193,"doi":11},521185,1941,"Murdoch, Joseph (1941) Valentinite crystals from California. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  26 (10) 613-616 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM26\u002FAM26_613.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":195,"year":196,"html":197,"doi":11},1118651,1944,"Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) \u003Ci>The System of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi> (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.",{"id":199,"year":200,"html":201,"doi":202},4436,1953,"Mason, Brian, Vitaliano, Charles J. (1953) The mineralogy of the antimony oxides and antimonates. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society\u003C\u002Fi>,  30 (221). 100-112 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1953.030.221.03'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1953.030.221.03\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_30\u002F30-221-100.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1953.030.221.03",{"id":204,"year":205,"html":206,"doi":11},16126961,1972,"Popolitov, V., Peskin, V., Lobachev, A. (1972). Crystallization of valentinite and senarmontite in hydrothermal conditions. Kristallografiya, 17(2), 435.",{"id":208,"year":209,"html":210,"doi":211},212973,1974,"Svensson, C. (1974) The crystal structure of orthorhombic antimony trioxide, Sb2O3. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  30 (2) 458-461 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0567740874002986'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0567740874002986\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0567740874002986",{"id":213,"year":214,"html":215,"doi":216},576203,1975,"Gopalakrishnan, P.S., Manohar, H. (1975) Kinetics and mechanism of the transformation in antimony trioxide from orthorhombic valentinite to cubic senarmontite. \u003Ci>Journal of Solid State Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  15. 61-67 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0022-4596(75)90271-6'>doi:10.1016\u002F0022-4596(75)90271-6\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0022-4596(75)90271-6",{"id":218,"year":219,"html":220,"doi":221},576340,1976,"Gopalakrishnan, P.S., Manohar, H. (1976) Topotactic oxidation of valentinite Sb2O3 to cervantite Sb2O4: Kinetics and mechanism. \u003Ci>Journal of Solid State Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  16. 301-306 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002F0022-4596(76)90045-1'>doi:10.1016\u002F0022-4596(76)90045-1\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1016\u002F0022-4596(76)90045-1",{"id":223,"year":224,"html":225,"doi":226},3198,1980,"(1980) International Mineralogical Association: Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine\u003C\u002Fi>,  43 (332) 1053-1055 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1980.043.332.17'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1980.043.332.17\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_43\u002F43-332-1053.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1980.043.332.17",{"id":228,"year":229,"html":230,"doi":11},16123272,2004,"Whitten, A.E., Dittrich, B., Spackman, M.A., Turner, P., Brown, T.C. (2004) Charge density analysis of two polymorphs of antimony(III) oxide. Dalton Transactions: 2004: 23-29.",{"id":232,"year":233,"html":234,"doi":11},16967923,2005,"(2005) Valentinite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fvalentinite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",[236,246,253,261,265,273,278,286,292,301,310,319,327,334],{"id":237,"source_url":238,"license_code":239,"credit_html":240,"title":241,"description":242,"author":243,"original_width":244,"original_height":245},27205,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137411","CC BY-SA 3.0","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10137411\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Valentinite-70644.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FValentinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Valentinite\">Valentinite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Colavi Mine, Machacamarca District (Colavi District), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCornelio_Saavedra_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cornelio Saavedra Province\">Cornelio Saavedra Province\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPotos%C3%AD_Department\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Potosí Department\">Potosí Department\u003C\u002Fa>, Bolivia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-45993.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a fine example of the rare antimony oxide, Valentinite. The piece features sharp, lustrous, translucent to gemmy \"straw\" color, fine quality, tabular crystals of Valentinite measuring up to 6 mm (good size from this mine) on massive Galena. This specimen was mined 6 years ago, and I have not seen any more specimens from this mine since that time. A great opportunity to own a matrix specimen of a very hard to find mineral. Species collectors out there should jump on this one. This is one of the best pieces I\u003Ci>ve seen from this mine with a great coverage of superb quality crystals on a relatively large overall specimen. 6.2 x 4.6 x 3.5cm\u003C\u002Fi>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",459,576,{"id":247,"source_url":248,"license_code":249,"credit_html":250,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":251,"original_height":252},30910,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F61891","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F61891\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,666,{"id":254,"source_url":255,"license_code":239,"credit_html":256,"title":257,"description":258,"author":243,"original_width":259,"original_height":260},27206,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146086","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10146086\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Valentinite-152225.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FValentinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Valentinite\">Valentinite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Colavi Mine, Machacamarca District (Colavi District), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCornelio_Saavedra_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cornelio Saavedra Province\">Cornelio Saavedra Province\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPotos%C3%AD_Department\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Potosí Department\">Potosí Department\u003C\u002Fa>, Bolivia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-45993.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.0 x 1.8 x 1.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a good example of the rare antimony oxide, Valentinite. The piece features sharp, lustrous, translucent to gemmy whitish-grey colored, fine quality, tabular crystals of Valentinite measuring up to 10 mm (good size from this mine) on massive Galena. This specimen was mined 6 years ago, and I have not seen any more specimens from this mine since that time. This is one of the better pieces I’ve seen from this mine with a great coverage of fine quality crystals on a well balanced matrix. Ex. Brian Kosnar.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",395,432,{"id":262,"source_url":263,"license_code":249,"credit_html":264,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":251,"original_height":252},30911,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F61928","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F61928\" rel=\"noopener\">The Estonian Museum of Natural History\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",{"id":266,"source_url":267,"license_code":239,"credit_html":268,"title":269,"description":270,"author":243,"original_width":271,"original_height":272},27207,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10159833","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10159833\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Valentinite-205948.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FValentinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Valentinite\">Valentinite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Djebel Senza (Sanza mine; Sansa mine; Sensa mine), Ain-El-Bebouch, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FConstantine_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Constantine Province\">Constantine Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Algeria (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-26.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.9 x 4.4 x 3.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Valentinite is an uncommon antimony oxide. One would usually not expect a gray metal to form such fine, starburst-like, radial clusters of highly lustrous, pearlescent, prismatic crystals richly distributed on all sides of the matrix. This superb and rich specimen is from an uncommon locale - the Sanza Mine in Algeria. Weighs 167 grams. Old material.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",696,522,{"id":274,"source_url":275,"license_code":249,"credit_html":276,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":251,"original_height":277},30912,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F212288","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F212288\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",978,{"id":279,"source_url":280,"license_code":239,"credit_html":281,"title":282,"description":283,"author":243,"original_width":284,"original_height":285},27208,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10452995","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10452995\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Valentinite-mf07b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FValentinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Valentinite\">Valentinite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Wolfsberg, Harz Mtns., Germany (RARE LOCALITY)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: small cabinet, 6.4 x 6.1 x 5.0 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Valentinite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A rich specimen of this rare species from a classic old locality! This piece has vugs all over it, all thronged with sharp, acicular crystals! An esoteric but important specimen, I would say. (not from Feinglos collection)\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",400,325,{"id":287,"source_url":288,"license_code":239,"credit_html":289,"title":290,"description":283,"author":243,"original_width":291,"original_height":284},27209,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10452997","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10452997\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Valentinite-mf07c.jpg",284,{"id":293,"source_url":294,"license_code":239,"credit_html":295,"title":296,"description":297,"author":298,"original_width":299,"original_height":300},27211,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14865761","Christian Rewitzer, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14865761\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Valentinite-155153.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FValentinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Valentinite\">Valentinite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Djebel Nador, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FConstantine_Province\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Constantine Province\">Constantine Province\u003C\u002Fa>, Algeria (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-23.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Picture width 5 mm. Collection and photograph Christian Rewitzer\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Christian Rewitzer",1024,921,{"id":302,"source_url":303,"license_code":249,"credit_html":304,"title":305,"description":306,"author":307,"original_width":308,"original_height":309},27212,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113751987","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113751987\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 570 - Valentinite (Algérie).jpg","Valentinite, en provenance d'Algérie, au Muséum de Nantes","Koreller",4124,2824,{"id":311,"source_url":312,"license_code":239,"credit_html":313,"title":314,"description":315,"author":316,"original_width":317,"original_height":318},18507,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866692","Leon Hupperichs, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866692\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Valentinite-Paakkonenite-111400.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FValentinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Valentinite\">Valentinite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FP%C3%A4%C3%A4kk%C3%B6nenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pääkkönenite\">Pääkkönenite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Kermesite occurrence, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDafeng\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Dafeng\">Dafeng\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShanglin_County\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shanglin County\">Shanglin County\u003C\u002Fa>, Nanning Prefecture, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGuangxi\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Guangxi\">Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-203937.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Yellow Valentinite crystals on Pääkkönenite. Field of view 5 mm. Specimen and photo Leon Hupperichs.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Leon Hupperichs",741,546,{"id":320,"source_url":321,"license_code":239,"credit_html":322,"title":323,"description":324,"author":316,"original_width":325,"original_height":326},18508,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866696","Leon Hupperichs, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14866696\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Valentinite-Paakkonenite-Stibnite-111401.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FValentinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Valentinite\">Valentinite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FP%C3%A4%C3%A4kk%C3%B6nenite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pääkkönenite\">Pääkkönenite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FStibnite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Stibnite\">Stibnite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Kermesite occurrence, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDafeng\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Dafeng\">Dafeng\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShanglin_County\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shanglin County\">Shanglin County\u003C\u002Fa>, Nanning Prefecture, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGuangxi\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Guangxi\">Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-203937.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Yellow Valentinite crystals together with some  Stibnite needles on a Pääkkönenite matrix. Field of view 7 mm. Specimen and photo Leon Hupperichs.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",755,556,{"id":328,"source_url":329,"license_code":239,"credit_html":330,"title":331,"description":332,"author":243,"original_width":284,"original_height":333},33268,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160948","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160948\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Valentinite-Cervantite-Stibnite-213068.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FValentinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Valentinite\">Valentinite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAntimony_tetroxide\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Antimony tetroxide\">Cervantite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FStibnite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Stibnite\">Stibnite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Xikuangshan Sb deposit, Lengshuijiang County, Loudi Prefecture, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHunan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hunan\">Hunan Province\u003C\u002Fa>, China (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-714.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 16.1 x 5.0 x 3.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An imposing, trident-like, large cabinet pseudomorph of ochre valentinite and cervantite after sharply terminated stibnite crystals. This specimen is from recent finds at the Xikuangshan Mine of China, the world’s largest antimony mine. This is an extremely large, damage--free specimen. The front side is extremely sharp and the back looks like it is lightly resorbed or very lightly contacted, but no damage, per se.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",700,{"id":335,"source_url":336,"license_code":249,"credit_html":337,"title":338,"description":339,"author":340,"original_width":341,"original_height":342},33275,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=82978635","Mai Seppel, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=82978635\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Estonian Museum of Natural History Specimen No 201822 photo (g27 g27-155 1 jpg).jpg","\"valentiniit\". More info \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F91895\">about this file\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Fspecimen\u002F201822\">about this specimen\u003C\u002Fa> at \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002F\">geocollections.info\u003C\u002Fa>","Mai Seppel",3583,2205,[344,350,354,358],{"id":345,"url":346,"label":347,"formula":348,"spacegroup":349,"year":229},14113,"\u002Fcif\u002F14113.cif","Whitten 2004","Sb2 O3","P c c n",{"id":351,"url":352,"label":353,"formula":348,"spacegroup":349,"year":209},14114,"\u002Fcif\u002F14114.cif","Svensson 1974",{"id":355,"url":356,"label":357,"formula":348,"spacegroup":349,"year":187},14115,"\u002Fcif\u002F14115.cif","Buerger 1938",{"id":359,"url":360,"label":361,"formula":348,"spacegroup":349,"year":362},14116,"\u002Fcif\u002F14116.cif","Buerger 1936",1936,[364,365,366,367,368,369,370,371,372,373,374,375,376,377,378,379,380,381,382,383,384,385,386],"Antimoine oxydé","Antimon-Phyllit","Antimonblomma","Antimonblüte","Antimonige Säure","Antimonio bianco","Antimonio blanco","Antimonious acid","Antimonium spatosum album","Antimonophyllit","Antimonophyllita","Antimonophyllite","Antimonphyllit","Antimonspat","Antimonspath","Antimony Bloom","Antimony trioxide","Chaux d'antimoine natif","Exitèle","Exitèlite","Weißspießglanzerz","Weißspießglaserz","White Antimony",[388,392,396,402,406,410,414,417,421,424,427,430,434,438,441,445,449,452,456,459,462,465,469],{"lang":389,"names":390},"bg",[391],"валентинит",{"lang":393,"names":394},"ca",[395],"valentinita",{"lang":397,"names":398},"de",[399,367,378,400,401,384],"Antimon(III)-oxid","Antimontrioxid","Valentinit",{"lang":403,"names":404},"el",[405],"Βαλεντινίτης",{"lang":407,"names":408},"es",[409],"Valentinita",{"lang":411,"names":412},"et",[413],"valentiniit",{"lang":415,"names":416},"eu",[409],{"lang":418,"names":419},"fa",[420],"والانتینیت",{"lang":422,"names":423},"fr",[7],{"lang":425,"names":426},"hu",[401],{"lang":428,"names":429},"id",[401],{"lang":431,"names":432},"it",[433],"valentinite",{"lang":435,"names":436},"kk",[437],"Валентинит",{"lang":439,"names":440},"mk",[437],{"lang":442,"names":443},"nb",[444],"valentinitt",{"lang":446,"names":447},"nl",[448],"valentiniet",{"lang":450,"names":451},"nn",[444],{"lang":453,"names":454},"pl",[455],"Walentynit",{"lang":457,"names":458},"ru",[437],{"lang":460,"names":461},"sk",[401],{"lang":463,"names":464},"sl",[401],{"lang":466,"names":467},"uk",[468],"Валентиніт",{"lang":470,"names":471},"zh",[472],"锑华","Q633253",{"history":11,"applications":11}]