[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:4223":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":16,"ima_formula":17,"elements":18,"sigelements":26,"key_elements":11,"impurities":27,"cim":28,"ima_status":29,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":32,"strunz10ed1":33,"strunz10ed2":34,"strunz10ed3":35,"strunz10ed4":36,"dana8ed1":37,"dana8ed2":38,"dana8ed3":39,"dana8ed4":40,"csystem":41,"cclass":42,"spacegroup":43,"spacegroupset":44,"a":45,"b":44,"c":46,"alpha":44,"beta":44,"gamma":44,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":47,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":48,"twinning":49,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":50,"tlform":11,"hmin":51,"hmax":51,"hardtype":11,"vhnmin":44,"vhnmax":44,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":52,"dmeas2":53,"dcalc":54,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":55,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":56,"streak":57,"colour":58,"commentcolor":11,"colors":59,"streak_colors":68,"luminescence":11,"uv":11,"cleavage":69,"cleavagetype":70,"fracturetype":71,"tenacity":72,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":73,"opticalsign":74,"opticalalpha":44,"opticalalpha2":44,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":44,"opticalbeta2":44,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":44,"opticalgamma2":44,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":75,"opticalomega2":76,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":77,"opticalepsilon2":78,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":44,"opticaln2":44,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":44,"optical2vcalc2":44,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":44,"optical2vmeasured2":44,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":79,"rimax":80,"opticaldispersion":81,"opticalpleochroism":82,"opticalpleochorismdesc":83,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":84,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":11,"other":11,"industrial":11,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":85,"type_specimen_store":86,"description_short":87,"aboutname":88,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":89,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":90,"group_members":120,"associates":192,"confused_with":249,"type_localities":253,"occurrence_total":258,"citations":259,"images":498,"structures":920,"synonyms":950,"language_names":972,"wikidata_qid":1170,"texts":1171},4223,"1:1:4223:5","b9c5b3f5-4959-4ac4-9eee-8bc43c83f7a9","Vesuvianite","Ves",0,"mineral",null,32107,35076,false,"Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>]O(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","The formula is a partial simplification of the full structural formula. The large (VII-IX)-coordinated (X4)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(X3)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(X2)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(X1) sites are here combined (e.g. Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>) and are typically filled with Ca, although other large cations such as the REE may be present. The square-pyramidal Y1 site can host a variety of M\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup> and M\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup> ions and is the basis for the distinction of several species. The VI-coordinated Y2 site typically is filled with Al, whereas the also VI-coordinated Y3 site may contain Al, Mg, and other cations of similar charge and size. The tetrahedral T1 site is typically vacant but may contain B (less commonly Al); the trigonal T2 site is also typically vacant but may also contain B. Some of the (SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>) may be replaced by (H\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>), akin to the Si\u003Csup>4+\u003C\u002Fsup> ↔︎ 4H\u003Csup>+\u003C\u002Fsup> hydrogarnet substitution. Among the oxygen atoms that are not part of the silica tetrahedra, there are eight \"O11\" that typically occur as OH, two \"O10\" that are typically O & OH or OH & OH (the latter arrangement notably when Y1 is an M\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup> cation). There may also be up to three \"O12\" that in most vesuvianite-group minerals are absent (and are not included here), but may be present particularly when T1 is occupied.","(Ca,Na)\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Mg,Fe)\u003Csub>13\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,F,O)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>",[19,20,21,22,23,24,25],"Al","Ca","Fe","Mg","Si","O","H",[19,20,21,22,23,24,25],"Fe,Be,B,F,Cu,Li,Na,K,Mn,Ti,Cr,Zn,H2O","16.23.3",[30,31],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1795","9","B","G","35","58","2","4","1","Tetragonal",27,186,"0","15.52","11.82",2,"Vesuvianite can have space group P4\u002Fnnc, P4\u002Fn or P2\u002Fn. Observed range of unit-cell parameters: a = 15.4-15.7, c = 11.6-11.9 Å.","Twinned domains observed at very fine scale.","Short pyramidal to long prismatic, columnar, granular, massive.",6.5,"3.32","3.43","3.42","Vitreous,Resinous","Transparent,Translucent","White","Brown, yellow, brown-black, light green, emerald green, white, red, purple, violet, blue-green to blue",[60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67],"brown","yellow","green","blue","red","purple","white","colorless",[66],"Poor on {110}\r\nVery poor on {100} {001}","Poor\u002FIndistinct","Irregular\u002FUneven,Sub-Conchoidal","brittle","Uniaxial","+\u002F-","1.703","1.752","1.7","1.746",1.7,1.752,"Strong","Weak","O= colourless to yellowish\r\nE= yellowish, greenish, brownish","May also be biaxial. Sectored.","Skarns or regional metamorphism of limestones.","Mining Academy, Freiberg, Germany, no. 23278","Hydroxyl analogue of Fluorvesuvianite. The Fe3+ (in site Y1; Panikorovskii et al., 2017) analogue of Alumovesuvianite and Manganvesuvianite.","Originally named \"hyacinthus dictus octodecahedricus\" by Moritz Anton Kappeler in 1723. Renamed \"hyacinte du Vesuve\" by Jean-Baptiste Louis Romé de L'Isle in 1772. This was possibly the inspiration for Abraham Gottlob Werner to rename the species \"vesuvian\" in 1795, after its discovery locality, Mount Vesuvius, Campania, Italy.\r\n\r\nIn 1799, Rene Just Haüy introduced the name \"idocrase\", which was formerly a popular name.","2026-03-21 17:41:23",[91,95,99,104,108,112,117],{"id":92,"name":93,"entrytype":47,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":94,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":44,"dcalc":44,"primary_image_id":11},11520,"Beryllium-bearing Vesuvianite","(Ca,Na,◻)\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Mg,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>13\u003C\u002Fsub>(◻,B,Al,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Be)\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,F,O)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>",{"id":96,"name":97,"entrytype":47,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":98,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":44,"dcalc":44,"primary_image_id":11},28993,"Cerium-bearing Vesuvianite","(Ca,Na,◻)\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Mg,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>13\u003C\u002Fsub>(◻,B,Al,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,F,O)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>",{"id":100,"name":101,"entrytype":47,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":102,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":44,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":103},9906,"Chrome-Vesuvianite","(Ca,Na,◻)\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Mg,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Cr)\u003Csub>13\u003C\u002Fsub>(◻,B,Al,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,F,O)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>",40035,{"id":105,"name":106,"entrytype":47,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":98,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":44,"dcalc":44,"primary_image_id":107},7751,"Frugardite",88278,{"id":109,"name":110,"entrytype":47,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":111,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":44,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},11129,"High-Hydrated Si-Deficient Vesuvianite","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csub>0.8-1\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csub>0-0.2\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>13\u003C\u002Fsub>B\u003Csub>\u003C2.44\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10-x\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>4x\u003C\u002Fsub>( O,OH,F,Cl)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>   (x=0.67 - 2.89)",{"id":113,"name":114,"entrytype":47,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":115,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":44,"dcalc":44,"primary_image_id":116},2565,"Manganese-bearing Vesuvianite","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>(Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>](O,OH)(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>",65932,{"id":118,"name":119,"entrytype":47,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":98,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":44,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},4326,"Xanthite",[121,127,135,141,149,156,164,171,179,184],{"id":122,"name":123,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":124,"mindat_formula":125,"hmin":51,"hmax":51,"dmeas":126,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":11},47914,"Alumovesuvianite","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Al(Al\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)Si\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>69\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>AlAl\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(☐\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)☐[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>]O(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.31",{"id":128,"name":129,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":130,"mindat_formula":131,"hmin":51,"hmax":51,"dmeas":132,"dcalc":133,"primary_image_id":134},46798,"Cyprine","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Cu\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>(Al,Mg)\u003Csub>12\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>69\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Cu\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>](OH)(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.40","3.41",29574,{"id":136,"name":137,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":138,"mindat_formula":139,"hmin":140,"hmax":140,"dmeas":53,"dcalc":132,"primary_image_id":11},25683,"Fluorvesuvianite","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Mg)\u003Csub>13\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O(F,OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>]O(F,OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>",6,{"id":142,"name":143,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":144,"mindat_formula":145,"hmin":140,"hmax":146,"dmeas":147,"dcalc":148,"primary_image_id":11},52166,"Hongheite","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Mg,Al)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(◻,B)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>BSi\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>69\u003C\u002Fsub>(O,OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Mg)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)B[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>]O(OH,O)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>",7,"3.446","3.423",{"id":150,"name":151,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":152,"mindat_formula":153,"hmin":140,"hmax":140,"dmeas":154,"dcalc":155,"primary_image_id":11},47594,"Magnesiovesuvianite","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg(Al\u003Csub>11\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg)Si\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>69\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>MgAl\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>](OH)(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.30","3.35",{"id":157,"name":158,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":159,"mindat_formula":160,"hmin":161,"hmax":11,"dmeas":162,"dcalc":163,"primary_image_id":11},53139,"Manaevite-(Ce)","Ca\u003Csub>11\u003C\u002Fsub>(Ce,H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O,Ca)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg(Al,Fe)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Mg,Ti,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(H\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>](OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","(Ca\u003Csub>13\u003C\u002Fsub>Ce\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O]\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)Mg(Al\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg)(Mg\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Ti\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(H\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>]O(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>",4.5,"3.80","3.72",{"id":165,"name":166,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":167,"mindat_formula":168,"hmin":140,"hmax":146,"dmeas":44,"dcalc":169,"primary_image_id":170},11475,"Manganvesuvianite","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Mn\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Mg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>]O(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.404",15383,{"id":172,"name":173,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":174,"mindat_formula":175,"hmin":140,"hmax":140,"dmeas":176,"dcalc":177,"primary_image_id":178},53137,"Milanriederite","(Ca,REE)\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Mg,Al,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>68\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,O)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>","(Ca\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>[REE])Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Mg\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>](OH)(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.53","3.547",16258,{"id":180,"name":181,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":182,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":11,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":183},471108,"Modraite","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)(◻\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>](OH)(OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>",16420,{"id":185,"name":186,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":187,"mindat_formula":188,"hmin":140,"hmax":140,"dmeas":189,"dcalc":190,"primary_image_id":191},7367,"Wiluite","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Mg)\u003Csub>13\u003C\u002Fsub>(B,◻,Al)\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(O,OH)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>","Ca\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>MgAl\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Al,Mg)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>(B,◻)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>◻[Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>]\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>[(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>]O(O,OH)\u003Csub>9\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.36","3.358",30977,[193,201,210,219,225,234,241],{"id":194,"name":195,"entrytype":9,"csystem":196,"ima_formula":197,"mindat_formula":197,"hmin":51,"hmax":146,"dmeas":198,"dcalc":199,"primary_image_id":200},223,"Andradite","Isometric","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.8","3.859",1388,{"id":202,"name":203,"entrytype":9,"csystem":204,"ima_formula":205,"mindat_formula":205,"hmin":206,"hmax":140,"dmeas":207,"dcalc":208,"primary_image_id":209},1088,"Clintonite","Monoclinic","CaAlMg\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiAl\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",3.5,"3.0","3.12",5921,{"id":211,"name":212,"entrytype":9,"csystem":213,"ima_formula":214,"mindat_formula":214,"hmin":215,"hmax":215,"dmeas":216,"dcalc":217,"primary_image_id":218},1572,"Fluorapatite","Hexagonal","Ca\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>F",5,"3.1","3.18",29724,{"id":220,"name":221,"entrytype":9,"csystem":196,"ima_formula":222,"mindat_formula":222,"hmin":51,"hmax":146,"dmeas":223,"dcalc":223,"primary_image_id":224},1755,"Grossular","Ca\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.594",29814,{"id":226,"name":227,"entrytype":9,"csystem":228,"ima_formula":229,"mindat_formula":229,"hmin":215,"hmax":230,"dmeas":231,"dcalc":232,"primary_image_id":233},2768,"Monticellite","Orthorhombic","CaMg(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)",5.5,"3.03","3.058",13377,{"id":235,"name":236,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":237,"mindat_formula":237,"hmin":161,"hmax":215,"dmeas":238,"dcalc":239,"primary_image_id":240},3560,"Scheelite","Ca(WO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","6.1","6.09",21729,{"id":242,"name":243,"entrytype":9,"csystem":204,"ima_formula":244,"mindat_formula":245,"hmin":206,"hmax":206,"dmeas":246,"dcalc":247,"primary_image_id":248},3710,"Solongoite","Ca\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>B\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl","Ca\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(H\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>B\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)Cl","2.514","2.58",22578,[250,251,252],{"id":136,"name":137,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":138,"mindat_formula":139,"hmin":140,"hmax":140,"dmeas":53,"dcalc":132,"primary_image_id":11},{"id":165,"name":166,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":167,"mindat_formula":168,"hmin":140,"hmax":146,"dmeas":44,"dcalc":169,"primary_image_id":170},{"id":185,"name":186,"entrytype":9,"csystem":41,"ima_formula":187,"mindat_formula":188,"hmin":140,"hmax":140,"dmeas":189,"dcalc":190,"primary_image_id":191},[254],{"id":255,"txt":256,"latitude":11,"longitude":11,"country":257},2092,"Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy","Italy",1341,[260,263,267,271,275,279,284,288,293,297,300,305,310,314,318,322,326,330,334,338,342,346,349,353,358,363,368,372,376,380,384,388,391,394,397,400,404,408,411,414,417,421,425,429,433,437,441,445,449,452,456,459,462,465,470,474,479,484,489,494],{"id":261,"year":11,"html":262,"doi":11},15996262,"Bogoch, R., Kumarapeli, S., Matthews, A. (1997) High-pressure K-feldspar-vesuvianite bearing assemblage in the central metasedimentary belt of the Grenville Province, Saint Jovite area, Quebec. The Canadian Mineralogist: 35: 1269-1275.",{"id":264,"year":265,"html":266,"doi":11},16127586,1723,"Kappeler, M.A. (1723): Prodromus Crystallographiae de Crystallis Improprie sic Dictis Commentarium; Heinrich, R.W., Ed.; HR Wyssing: Lucerna, Switzerland, 1723; pp. 1–43.",{"id":268,"year":269,"html":270,"doi":11},16127587,1795,"Werner, A.G. (1795) Über Vesuvian.",{"id":272,"year":273,"html":274,"doi":11},16772245,1797,"Klaproth, M. H. (1797) XXXI. 1. Untersuchung des Vesuvians, Vesuvian vom Vesuv. In \u003Ci>Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 2. Rottmann. p.27-32. \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.e-rara.ch\u002Fdownload\u002Fpdf\u002F12724631.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":276,"year":277,"html":278,"doi":11},16127589,1888,"Vogel, J.H. (1888) Über die chemische Zusammensetzung des Vesuvians. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 17: 215 (in German).",{"id":280,"year":281,"html":282,"doi":283},104466,1931,"Warren, Β. E., Modell, D. I. (1931) The Structure of Vesuvianite Ca10Al4(Mg,Fe)2Si9O34(OH)4. \u003Ci>Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials\u003C\u002Fi>,  78 (1). 422-432 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1524\u002Fzkri.1931.78.1.422'>doi:10.1524\u002Fzkri.1931.78.1.422\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1524\u002Fzkri.1931.78.1.422",{"id":285,"year":286,"html":287,"doi":11},16127591,1938,"Gädeke, R. (1938) Die gesetzmässigen Zusammenhänge und Anomalien in der Vesuviangruppe und einigen anderen Kalksilikaten. Chemie der Erde 11: 592-636 (in German).",{"id":289,"year":290,"html":291,"doi":292},923050,1951,"INOUE, Tami; MIYASHIRO, Akiho (1951) Occurrence of Vesuvianite in Nepheline-Syenitic Rocks of the Fukushinzan District, Korea; with General Consideration of the Relation between the Composition and Occurrence of Vesuvianite. \u003Ci>The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan\u003C\u002Fi>,  57 (665). 51-57 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.5575\u002Fgeosoc.57.51'>doi:10.5575\u002Fgeosoc.57.51\u003C\u002Fa>","10.5575\u002Fgeosoc.57.51",{"id":294,"year":295,"html":296,"doi":11},16127592,1961,"Kononova, V.A. (1961) On a metamict variety of vesuvianite from an alkaline pegmatite in southwest Tuva. Dokladi Academii Sci SSR: 130: 129-132.",{"id":298,"year":295,"html":299,"doi":11},16127593,"Peters, T. (1961) Differentialthermoanalyse von Vesuvian. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 41: 325-334. (in German).",{"id":301,"year":302,"html":303,"doi":304},7745735,1962,"Chatterjee, Niranjan Deb (1962) Vesuvianite-epidote paragenesis as a product of greenschist facies of regional metamorphism in the Western Alps. \u003Ci>Beiträge zur Mineralogie und Petrographie\u003C\u002Fi>,  8 (6). 432-439 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf01082095'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf01082095\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf01082095",{"id":306,"year":307,"html":308,"doi":309},7745749,1963,"Braitsch, Otto, Chatterjee, Niranjan Deb (1963) Metamorphe Mineralreaktionen in vesuvianführenden Paragenesen. \u003Ci>Beiträge zur Mineralogie und Petrographie\u003C\u002Fi>,  9 (4) 353-373 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf01128724'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf01128724\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf01128724",{"id":311,"year":312,"html":313,"doi":11},524475,1966,"Murdoch, Joseph, Ingram, Blanche L. (1966) A cerian vesuvianite from California. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  51 (3-4) 381-387 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM51\u002FAM51_381.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":315,"year":316,"html":317,"doi":11},16296322,1968,"Trommsdorf, V. (1968); Mineralreaktionen mit Wollastonit und Vesuvian in einem Kalksilikatfels der alpinen Disthenzone (Claro, Tessin), Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 48: 655-666 (in German).",{"id":319,"year":320,"html":321,"doi":11},525274,1969,"Arem, Joel E., Burnham, Charles W. (1969) Structural variations in idocrase. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  54 (11-12) 1546-1550 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM54\u002FAM54_1546.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":323,"year":324,"html":325,"doi":11},16127598,1970,"Coda, A., Della Giusta, A., Isetti, G., Mazzi, F. (1970) On the structure of vesuvianite. Atti dell' Accademia delle Scienze di Torino: 105: 1-22.",{"id":327,"year":328,"html":329,"doi":11},12906776,1973,"Arem, Joel E. (1973) Idocrase (Vesuvianite)-- a 250-Year Puzzle, Part I. \u003Ci>The Mineralogical Record\u003C\u002Fi>, 4 (4) 164-174",{"id":331,"year":332,"html":333,"doi":11},526308,1974,"Joesten, Raymond (1974) Pseudomorphic replacement of melilite by idocrase in a zoned calc-silicate skarn, Christmas Mountains, Big Bend Region, Texas. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  59 (7-8) 694-699 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM59\u002FAM59_694.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":335,"year":336,"html":337,"doi":11},16127601,1975,"Rucklidge, J.C., Hemingway, B.S., Fisher, J.R. (1975) The crystal structure of three Canadian vesuvianites. Canadian Mineralogist: 13: 15-21.",{"id":339,"year":340,"html":341,"doi":11},16127602,1978,"Olesch, M. (1978) Obere thermische Stabilität von Vesuvian (Idocrase) bis 2 kbar und Vesuvian + Quarz bis 5 kbar im System CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O. Fortschritte der Mineralogie: 56: Beiheft 1: 99 (in German).",{"id":343,"year":344,"html":345,"doi":11},16099649,1979,"Valley, J.W., Essene, E.J. (1979) Vesuvianite, akermanite, monticellite and wollastonite equlibria and high X H2O\u002FCO2 at Cascade slide, Mt Marcy Quad, Adirondack Mts. EOS: 60: 423.",{"id":347,"year":344,"html":348,"doi":11},16127603,"Olesch, M. (1979) Natürliche und synthetische Fe-haltige Vesuviane. Fortschritte der Mineralogie: 57: Beiheft 1: 114-115 (in German).",{"id":350,"year":351,"html":352,"doi":11},16127604,1980,"Himmelberg, G.R., Miller, T.P. (1980) Uranium- and thorium-rich vesuvianite from the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. American Mineralogist: 65: 1020-1025.",{"id":354,"year":355,"html":356,"doi":357},229546,1982,"Hochella, M. F., Liou, J. G., Keskinen, M. J., Kim, H. S. (1982) Synthesis and stability relations of magnesium idocrase. \u003Ci>Economic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  77 (4) 798-808 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.77.4.798'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.77.4.798\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.77.4.798",{"id":359,"year":360,"html":361,"doi":362},7741776,1983,"Giuseppetti, G.; Mazzi, F. (1983) The crystal structure of a vesuvianite with P4\u002Fn symmetry. \u003Ci>TMPM Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen\u003C\u002Fi>,  31 (3-4). 277-288 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf01081374'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf01081374\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf01081374",{"id":364,"year":365,"html":366,"doi":367},75716,1985,"Hoisch, Thomas D. (1985) The solid solution chemistry of vesuvianite. \u003Ci>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology\u003C\u002Fi>,  89 (2) 205-214 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fbf00379454'>doi:10.1007\u002Fbf00379454\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1007\u002Fbf00379454",{"id":369,"year":365,"html":370,"doi":371},161554,"VALLEY, J. W., PEACOR, D. R., BOWMAN, J. R., ESSENE, E. J., ALLARD, M. J. (1985) Crystal chemistry of a Mg-vesuvianite and implications of phase equilibria in the system CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O-CO2. \u003Ci>Journal of Metamorphic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  3 (2) 137-153 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1525-1314.1985.tb00311.x'>doi:10.1111\u002Fj.1525-1314.1985.tb00311.x\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1111\u002Fj.1525-1314.1985.tb00311.x",{"id":373,"year":374,"html":375,"doi":11},16140452,1986,"Fitzgerald, S., Rheingold, A.L., and Leavens, P. B. (1986): Crystal structure of a Cu-bearing vesuvianite. American Mineralogist: 71: 1011-1014.",{"id":377,"year":378,"html":379,"doi":11},528291,1987,"Fitzgerald, Sharon, Leavens, Peter B., Rheingold, Arnold L., Nelen, Joseph A. (1987) Crystal structure of a REE-bearing vesuvianite from San Benito County, California. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  72 (5-6) 625-628 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM72\u002FAM72_625.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":381,"year":382,"html":383,"doi":11},529044,1991,"Veblen, David R., Wiechmann, Mark J. (1991) Domain structure of low-symmetry vesuvianite from Crestmore, California. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  76 (3-4) 397-404 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM76\u002FAM76_397.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":385,"year":386,"html":387,"doi":11},529353,1992,"Ohkawa, Makio, Yoshiasa, Akira, Takeno, Setsuo (1992) Crystal chemistry of vesuvianite: Site preferences of square-pyramidal coordinated sites. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  77 (9-10) 945-953 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM77\u002FAM77_945.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":389,"year":386,"html":390,"doi":11},16127612,"Allen, F.M., Burnham, C.W. (1992) A comprehensive structure-model for vesuvianite: Symmetry variation and crystal growth. The Canadian Mineralogist: 30: 1-18,",{"id":392,"year":386,"html":393,"doi":11},16127614,"Groat, L.A., Hawthorne, F.C., Ercit, T.S. (1992) The role of fluorine in vesuvianite; a crystal-structure study. The Canadian Mineralogist: 30: 1065-1075.",{"id":395,"year":386,"html":396,"doi":11},16127616,"Plyusnina, L.P., Likhoydov, G.G., Nekrasov, I.Y. (1992) Vesuvianite equilibria: experiments, calculations and petrologic applications. Doklady Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk 234: 172-175.",{"id":398,"year":386,"html":399,"doi":11},16861420,"Groat, Lee A., Hawthorne, Frank C., Ercit, T. Scott (1992) The chemistry of vesuvianite. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  30 (1) 19-48",{"id":401,"year":402,"html":403,"doi":11},16127617,1993,"Groat, L.A., Hawthorne, F.C.,  Ercit, T.S., Putnis, A. (1993) The symmetry of vesuvianite. The Canadian Mineralogist: 31: 617-635.",{"id":405,"year":406,"html":407,"doi":11},16127618,1994,"Groat, L.A., Hawthorne, F.C., Ercit, T.S. (1994) Excess Y-group cations in the crystal structure of vesuvianite. The Canadian Mineralogist 32: 497-504.",{"id":409,"year":406,"html":410,"doi":11},16127619,"Groat, L.A., Hawthorne, F.C., Ercit, T.S. (1994) The incorporation of boron into the vesuvianite structure. The Canadian Mineralogist: 32: 505-523.",{"id":412,"year":406,"html":413,"doi":11},16127620,"Henmi, C., Kusachi, I., Henmi, K. (1994) Vesuvianite from Kushiro, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Abstracts General Meeting International Mineralogical Association Pisa, Italy, 172.",{"id":415,"year":406,"html":416,"doi":11},16127621,"Ohkawa, M., Yoshiasa, A., Takeno, S. (1994) Structural investigation of high- and low-symmetry vesuvianite. Mineralogical Journal: 17: 1-20.",{"id":418,"year":419,"html":420,"doi":11},16127622,1995,"Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1995): 264.",{"id":422,"year":423,"html":424,"doi":11},16127623,1996,"Groat, L.A., Hawthorne, F.C., Lager, G.A., Schutz, A.J., Ercit, T.S. (1996) X-ray and neutron crystal-structure refinements of a boron-bearing vesuvianite. The Canadian Mineralogist: 34: 1059-1070.",{"id":426,"year":427,"html":428,"doi":11},16127625,1998,"Groat, L.A, Hawthorne, F.C. (1998) Diffuse reflections and the symmetry of vesuvianite. Phase Transitions: 67: 137-151.",{"id":430,"year":431,"html":432,"doi":11},16127626,1999,"Tribaudino, M., Prencipe, M. (1999) A high-temperature in situ single-crystal study of P4\u002Fn vesuvianite. European Journal of Mineralogy: 11: 1037-1042.",{"id":434,"year":435,"html":436,"doi":11},16127628,2000,"Armbruster, T., Gnos, E. (2000) 'Rod' polytypism in vesuvianite: crystal structure of a low-temperature P4nc vesuvianite with pronounced octahedral cation ordering. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 80: 109-116.",{"id":438,"year":435,"html":439,"doi":440},394195,"Armbruster, Thomas; Gnos, Edwin (2000) \u003Ci>P\u003C\u002Fi>4\u002F\u003Ci>n\u003C\u002Fi> and \u003Ci>P\u003C\u002Fi>4\u003Ci>nc\u003C\u002Fi> long-range ordering in low-temperature vesuvianites. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  85 (3-4). 563-569 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-2000-0418'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-2000-0418\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002Fam\u002Fvol85\u002FAM85_563.pdf?reftype=.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-2000-0418",{"id":442,"year":435,"html":443,"doi":444},394196,"Armbruster, Thomas, Gnos, Edwin (2000) Tetrahedral vacancies and cation ordering in low-temperature Mn-bearing vesuvianites: Indication of a hydrogarnet-like substitution. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  85 (3) 570-577 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam-2000-0419'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam-2000-0419\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002Fam\u002Fvol85\u002FAM85_570.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam-2000-0419",{"id":446,"year":447,"html":448,"doi":11},16127630,2001,"Tribaudino, M., Prencipe, M. (2001) The compressional behavior of P4\u002Fn vesuvianite. The Canadian Mineralogist: 39: 145-151.",{"id":450,"year":447,"html":451,"doi":11},16967980,"(2001) Vesuvianite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fvesuvianite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":453,"year":454,"html":455,"doi":11},16127631,2003,"Bellatreccia, F. (2003) La Cristallochimica delle Vesuvianiti. PhD thesis, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italia.",{"id":457,"year":454,"html":458,"doi":11},16127632,"Borovikova, E.Yu., Kurazhkovskaya, V.S., Alferova, M.S. (2003) Infrared spectra and factor group analysis of vesuvianites in OH region. International Symposium on Light Elements in Rock-Forming Minerals (LERM 2003), Abstract, 8.",{"id":460,"year":454,"html":461,"doi":11},16127633,"Galuskin, E.V., Galuskina, I.O., Sitarz, M., Stadnicka, K. (2003) Si-deficient, OH-substituted, boron-bearing vesuvianite from the Wiluy River, Yakutia, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist: 41: 833-842.",{"id":463,"year":454,"html":464,"doi":11},16127634,"Galuskin, E.V., Armbruster, T., Malsy, A., Galuskina, I.O., Sitarz, M. (2003) Morphology, composition and structure of low-temperature P4\u002Fnnc High-fluorine vesuvianite whiskers from polar Yakutia, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist: 41: 843-856.",{"id":466,"year":467,"html":468,"doi":469},395534,2006,"Gnos, E. (2006) Relationship among metamorphic grade, vesuvianite \"rod polytypism,\" and vesuvianite composition. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  91 (5) 862-870 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2138\u002Fam.2006.1973'>doi:10.2138\u002Fam.2006.1973\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2138\u002Fam.2006.1973",{"id":471,"year":472,"html":473,"doi":11},16127636,2011,"Balassone, G., Talla, D., Beran, A., Mormone, A., Altomare, A., Moliterni, A., Mondillo, N., Saviano, M., Petti, C.P. (2011) Vesuvianite from Somma-Vesuvius volcano (southern Italy): chemical, X-ray diffraction and single-crystal polarized FTIR investigations. Periodico di Mineralogia: 80: 369-384.",{"id":475,"year":476,"html":477,"doi":478},65395,2016,"Fitzgerald, Sharon, Leavens, Peter B., Rossman, George R., Yap, Glenn P.A., Rose, Timothy (2016) Vesuvianite From Pajsberg, Sweden, and the Role of Be In the Vesuvianite Structure. \u003Ci>The Canadian Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  54 (6) 1525-1537 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3749\u002Fcanmin.1500051'>doi:10.3749\u002Fcanmin.1500051\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3749\u002Fcanmin.1500051",{"id":480,"year":481,"html":482,"doi":483},7734626,2017,"Panikorovskii, Taras, Chukanov, Nikita, Rusakov, Vyacheslav, Shilovskikh, Vladimir, Mazur, Anton, Balassone, Giuseppina, Ivanyuk, Gregory, Krivovichev, Sergey (2017) Vesuvianite from the Somma-Vesuvius Complex: New Data and Revised Formula. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>, 7 (12) 248 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin7120248'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin7120248\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2075-163X\u002F7\u002F12\u002F248\u002Fpdf?version=1513419683' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin7120248",{"id":485,"year":486,"html":487,"doi":488},129845,2019,"Chukanov, Nikita V., Panikorovskii, Taras L., Goncharov, Alexey G., Pekov, Igor V., Belakovskiy, Dmitriy I., Britvin, Sergey N., Möckel, Steffen, Vozchikova, Svetlana A. (2019) Milanriederite, (Ca,REE)\u003Csub>19\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>Al\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Mg,Al,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>68\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,O)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>, a new vesuvianite-group mineral from the Kombat Mine, Namibia. \u003Ci>European Journal of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>,  31 (3) 637-646 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1127\u002Fejm\u002F2019\u002F0031-2856'>doi:10.1127\u002Fejm\u002F2019\u002F0031-2856\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Frruff_1.0\u002Fuploads\u002FEJM31_637.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1127\u002Fejm\u002F2019\u002F0031-2856",{"id":490,"year":491,"html":492,"doi":493},16650377,2023,"Smart, Megan M., Moore, Cheryl A., McMillen, Colin D., Kolis, Joseph W. (2023) Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Vesuvianite Compounds, Ca19Al13Si18O71(OH)7 and Sr19Fe12Ge19O72(OH)6. \u003Ci>Crystals\u003C\u002Fi>,  13 (8)  \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fcryst13081257'>doi:10.3390\u002Fcryst13081257\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fcryst13081257",{"id":495,"year":491,"html":496,"doi":497},17310589,"Panikorovskii, T. L., Yakovenchuk, V. N., Krivovichev, S. V. (2023) X-ray Diffraction Method for Estimating Temperature of Vesuvianite Crystallization. \u003Ci>Zapiski RMO (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society) 2\u003C\u002Fi>, 94-109 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.31857\u002Fs0869605523020041'>doi:10.31857\u002Fs0869605523020041\u003C\u002Fa>","10.31857\u002Fs0869605523020041",[499,509,516,526,534,539,548,555,561,570,579,588,596,606,615,623,631,638,645,654,662,671,679,684,689,697,704,712,718,725,733,741,748,755,761,767,774,781,789,795,803,810,820,829,836,840,846,853,860,866,873,879,885,891,899,906,911],{"id":500,"source_url":501,"license_code":502,"credit_html":503,"title":504,"description":505,"author":506,"original_width":507,"original_height":508},6769,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10157175","CC BY-SA 3.0","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10157175\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-196065.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBellecombe\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bellecombe\">Bellecombe\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCh%C3%A2tillon\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Châtillon\">Châtillon\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAosta_Valley\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aosta Valley\">Aosta Valley\u003C\u002Fa>, Italy (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4363.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 7.8 x 6.7 x 4.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A classic Italian Vesuvianite specimen from the locality at Bellecombe. The crystals on this specimen are extremely sharp and lustrous showing a gemmy golden-green color, with slight reddish caps. The largest crystal measures 1.1 cm long. Ex. Richard Kosnar Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",371,360,{"id":510,"source_url":511,"license_code":512,"credit_html":513,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":514,"original_height":515},30931,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F128259","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F128259\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",784,1000,{"id":517,"source_url":518,"license_code":519,"credit_html":520,"title":521,"description":522,"author":523,"original_width":524,"original_height":525},35642,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=400898","CC BY 2.5","No machine-readable author provided. Luna04~commonswiki assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=400898\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite.jpg","\u003Cp>Vesuvianite\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nI took this photo in october 2005","No machine-readable author provided. Luna04~commonswiki assumed (based on copyright claims).",565,491,{"id":527,"source_url":528,"license_code":502,"credit_html":529,"title":530,"description":531,"author":506,"original_width":532,"original_height":533},27422,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165809","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165809\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-242685.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.4 x 4 x 2.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A superb group of Jeffrey Mine vesuvianite crystals nicely displayed upright on matrix. This piece features three stark, dramatic crystals rising vertically from a plate of massive vesuvianite. The longest is 2.4 cm. All have 3-dimensional, perfect, sharp terminations.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",800,708,{"id":535,"source_url":536,"license_code":512,"credit_html":537,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":538,"original_height":515},30932,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F128258","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F128258\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",746,{"id":540,"source_url":541,"license_code":502,"credit_html":542,"title":543,"description":544,"author":545,"original_width":546,"original_height":547},35643,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=927057","Linnell, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=927057\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite Asbestos.jpg","Vesuvianite from Jeffrey Mine (located in Asbestos, Quebec Province, Canada).","Linnell",1581,1356,{"id":549,"source_url":550,"license_code":502,"credit_html":551,"title":552,"description":553,"author":506,"original_width":554,"original_height":532},27423,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10441302","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10441302\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-md33a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBellecombe\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bellecombe\">Bellecombe\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCh%C3%A2tillon\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Châtillon\">Châtillon\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAosta_Valley\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aosta Valley\">Aosta Valley\u003C\u002Fa>, Italy (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-4363.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 3 x 1.7 x 1.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Vesuvianite with Garnet\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a beautiful combination of rich reddish, extremely large crystals of Vesuvianites sprinkled with many tiny gemmy garnets (hessonite) that form a glittering background to the upright Vesuvianite crystal. The Vesuvianites have excellent luster and classic vertical striations, as well as very fine and full terminations. The aesthetics of this piece are truly amazing and it is a world class example of htis Italian classic. It really should be a miniature, if smallish perhaps. BUT, if put in a box diagonally, it can fit in a TN box. This is one of the finest such crystals I have seen for sale and is surely old. 3 x 1.7 x 1.5 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",520,{"id":556,"source_url":557,"license_code":558,"credit_html":559,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":515,"original_height":560},30933,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115034","CC BY 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F115034\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Geology, TalTech\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",666,{"id":562,"source_url":563,"license_code":502,"credit_html":564,"title":565,"description":566,"author":567,"original_width":568,"original_height":569},35644,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1065611","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims)., via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1065611\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Wezuwian, Madagaskar Mahaiza.jpg","minerał:wezuwian, pochodzenie Włochy; autor zdjęcia Stowarzyszenie Spirifer 10.07.2006r.","No machine-readable author provided. Kluka assumed (based on copyright claims).",650,450,{"id":571,"source_url":572,"license_code":558,"credit_html":573,"title":574,"description":575,"author":576,"original_width":577,"original_height":578},27424,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=87652809","Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=87652809\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite Fushan MNHN Minéralogie.jpg","Vesuvianite from Fushan, China. Gallery of Mineralogy and Geology of the French National Museum of Natural History in Paris.","Marie-Lan Taÿ Pamart",4011,5000,{"id":580,"source_url":581,"license_code":512,"credit_html":582,"title":583,"description":584,"author":585,"original_width":586,"original_height":587},35645,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7495404","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7495404\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","VésuvianiteAsbestos3.jpg","Vesuvianite\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality : Jeffrey Mine (Jeffrey Quarry), Asbestos, Shipton Township, Richmond Co., Québec, Canada\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Taille : (9.6x4cm)\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Didier Descouens",4592,3056,{"id":589,"source_url":590,"license_code":512,"credit_html":591,"title":592,"description":593,"author":585,"original_width":594,"original_height":595},35646,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7502250","Didier Descouens, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=7502250\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","VesuvianiteMexique.jpg","Vesuvianite \n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality : Lake Jaco, Sierra de la Cruz, Mun. de Sierra Mojada, Coahuila, Mexico\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size : (4.2x2.5cm)\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",2158,2380,{"id":597,"source_url":598,"license_code":599,"credit_html":600,"title":601,"description":602,"author":603,"original_width":604,"original_height":605},35647,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8158623","Public domain","Elade53, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=8158623\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Wezuwian - Alchuri, Shigar Valley, Pakistan..jpg","Wezuwian - Alchuri, Shigar Valley, Pakistan.","Elade53",2272,1704,{"id":607,"source_url":608,"license_code":558,"credit_html":609,"title":610,"description":611,"author":612,"original_width":613,"original_height":614},27427,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=168131685","Animalculum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=168131685\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite, Musee de Mineralogie, Paris, 2025.jpg","Vesuvianite from Asbestos, Estrie, Québec, Canada in Musee de Mineralogie, Paris","Animalculum",2112,2816,{"id":616,"source_url":617,"license_code":502,"credit_html":618,"title":619,"description":620,"author":506,"original_width":621,"original_height":622},35650,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10145598","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10145598\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-148284.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 1.4 x 0.4 x 0.4 cm, 1.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 cm, 0.9 x 0.7 x 0.6 cm, 0.9 x 0.6 x 0.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A rainbow of little gem vesuvianite crystals from the now-closed Jeffrey Mine, including a couple of purple manganese rich ones and two grass green ones - all terminated!\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",600,498,{"id":624,"source_url":625,"license_code":558,"credit_html":626,"title":627,"description":628,"author":612,"original_width":629,"original_height":630},27428,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=168131942","Animalculum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=168131942\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite, Musee de Mineralogie, Paris, 2025, 2.jpg","Vesuvianite from Asbestos, Estrie, Quebec, Canada in Musee de Mineralogie, Paris",2067,2756,{"id":632,"source_url":633,"license_code":502,"credit_html":634,"title":635,"description":636,"author":506,"original_width":532,"original_height":637},38839,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10418719","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10418719\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-ve10a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 3.3 x 3.3 x 2.2 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Vesuvianite with Mangan-Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Gemmy, brillianitly lustrous, green crystals to 1.5 cm poke up from a matrix of smaller purple manganoan vesuvianites here. The piece is like a jewel, glistening with many facets. The color contrast is more striking in person because the green in the picture is washed out a bit.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",737,{"id":639,"source_url":640,"license_code":502,"credit_html":641,"title":642,"description":643,"author":506,"original_width":532,"original_height":644},35652,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10474889","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10474889\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-ve013b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 4.4 x 4 x 2.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An exquisite miniature the like sof which you seldom see...very few Jeffrey vesuvianites are so nicely display upright on matrix. This piece features THREE stark, dramatic crystals rising vertically from a plate of massive vesuvianite. The longest is 2.4 cm. All have 3-dimensional, perfect, sharp termination sof the highest quality! Competition-level display miniature, here!\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",736,{"id":646,"source_url":647,"license_code":512,"credit_html":648,"title":649,"description":650,"author":651,"original_width":652,"original_height":653},85124,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=36439299","Lubor Ferenc, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=36439299\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","PP U cihelny Vesuvian.jpg","Přírodní památka – U cihelny, Hazlov u Aše, minerál vesuvian, sběr 1975, okres Cheb","Lubor Ferenc",1423,1067,{"id":655,"source_url":656,"license_code":558,"credit_html":657,"title":658,"description":659,"author":660,"original_width":661,"original_height":431},35653,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=89418225","Альбина Шаяхметова, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=89418225\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Везувиан.jpg","crystals idocrase","Альбина Шаяхметова",2677,{"id":663,"source_url":664,"license_code":512,"credit_html":665,"title":666,"description":667,"author":668,"original_width":669,"original_height":670},35654,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113720768","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113720768\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 246 - Vésuvianite.jpg","Vésuvianite, au Muséum de Nantes","Koreller",1884,1580,{"id":672,"source_url":673,"license_code":512,"credit_html":674,"title":675,"description":676,"author":668,"original_width":677,"original_height":678},35655,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113745770","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113745770\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 376 - Vésuvianite (Italie).jpg","Vésuvianite, en provenance d'Italie, au Muséum de Nantes",4272,2848,{"id":680,"source_url":681,"license_code":512,"credit_html":682,"title":683,"description":676,"author":668,"original_width":677,"original_height":678},35656,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113745773","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113745773\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 377 - Vésuvianite (Italie).jpg",{"id":685,"source_url":686,"license_code":512,"credit_html":687,"title":688,"description":676,"author":668,"original_width":677,"original_height":678},35657,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113745775","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113745775\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 378 - Vésuvianite (Italie).jpg",{"id":690,"source_url":691,"license_code":512,"credit_html":692,"title":693,"description":694,"author":668,"original_width":695,"original_height":696},35658,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113747290","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113747290\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 448 - Vésuvianite (Nantes, France).jpg","Vésuvianite, en provenance de Nantes (France), au Muséum de Nantes",2828,2176,{"id":698,"source_url":699,"license_code":512,"credit_html":700,"title":701,"description":694,"author":668,"original_width":702,"original_height":703},35659,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113747291","Koreller, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=113747291\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Muséum de Nantes - 449 - Vésuvianite (Nantes, France).jpg",3712,2760,{"id":705,"source_url":706,"license_code":502,"credit_html":707,"title":708,"description":709,"author":506,"original_width":710,"original_height":711},6932,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172859","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172859\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-284034.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: San Vito quarry, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSan_Vito\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:San Vito\">San Vito\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FErcolano\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ercolano\">Ercolano\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMount_Vesuvius\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Mount Vesuvius\">Monte Somma\u003C\u002Fa>, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FProvince_of_Naples\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Province of Naples\">Naples Province\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCampania\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Campania\">Campania\u003C\u002Fa>, Italy (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2170.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 7.5 x 5.8 x 5.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A very fine specimen of Vesuvianite from the classic locality at San Vito. The crystals, which measure up to 8 mm long, have glassy luster with perfectly formed faces and a distinct \"root beer\" color. There are some associated micro white crystals of what could possibly be Meionite, Sanidine, Nepheline or Davyne. These Alpine Vesuvianites are not often seen on the market anymore. A great association specimen of this hard-to-find historic material. From the famous Alpine mineral suite of Richard Kosnar.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",503,432,{"id":713,"source_url":714,"license_code":502,"credit_html":715,"title":716,"description":709,"author":506,"original_width":717,"original_height":508},6933,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172865","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172865\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-284037.jpg",412,{"id":719,"source_url":720,"license_code":502,"credit_html":721,"title":722,"description":723,"author":506,"original_width":621,"original_height":724},35648,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10136508","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10136508\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-64017.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A large and very rich specimen of vesuvianite - basically a large cluster of compound crystals showing highly lustrous faces, measuring up to 2.5 cm! The Jeffrey Mine is closed now, and there has been a rush to grab specimens on the market. This is from a stash we put away. It has the purple and green tones that are distinctive for this locality. 4.9 x 3.6 x 3.6 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",514,{"id":726,"source_url":727,"license_code":502,"credit_html":728,"title":729,"description":730,"author":506,"original_width":731,"original_height":732},35649,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10140571","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10140571\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-121355.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Hachupa (Hashupi), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShigar_Valley\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shigar Valley\">Shigar Valley\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSkardu_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Skardu District\">Skardu District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Baltistan\">Baltistan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGilgit-Baltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Gilgit-Baltistan\">Northern Areas\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2532.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.3 x 3.1 x 2.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>These are some of the more attractive Vesuvianite crystals to come out of any \"Alpine cleft\" locality. This piece features several razor sharp, highly lustrous, gemmy, \"root beer\" colored prisms of Vesuvianite on matrix.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",405,576,{"id":734,"source_url":735,"license_code":502,"credit_html":736,"title":737,"description":738,"author":506,"original_width":739,"original_height":740},40037,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10171436","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10171436\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-274935.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">en:Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAosta_Valley\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aosta Valley\">Aosta Valley\u003C\u002Fa>, Italy (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2068.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 1.8 x 0.8 x 0.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Gemmy, lustrous, deep green crystals which demonstrate exceptional form and aesthetics highlight this specimen from the alpine region of northern Italy. The largest crystal measures 1 cm across. A superb example.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",400,278,{"id":742,"source_url":743,"license_code":502,"credit_html":744,"title":745,"description":746,"author":506,"original_width":568,"original_height":747},40038,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10420248","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10420248\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-4jg21a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 1.7 x 1.2 x 1 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Chrome Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is the loveliest Vesuvianite thumbnail that I have seen, for my tastes. The perfectly terminated crystals have a gemmy DEEP green color and superb luster that will knock your socks off in person....This is just a tremendous thumbnail, hands down. At first glance, you'd SWEAR this gem crystal must be a tsavorite garnet for the color intensity and gemminess. But, it's a humble old vesuvianite in exceptional form. These chrome-rich specimens were exceedingly rare at this now-closed locality, and I have had just a handful in 16 years of buying minerals from this mine. 1.7 x 1.2 x 1 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",544,{"id":749,"source_url":750,"license_code":502,"credit_html":751,"title":752,"description":753,"author":506,"original_width":754,"original_height":532},40039,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10465406","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10465406\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-t07-71a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: thumbnail, 1.8 x 0.7 x 0.5 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Chrome Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>The Jeffrey Mine, now closed, is well known for its beautiful specimens of both grossular garnet and vesuvianite. This particular specimen is an exquisite, world class, competition quality, thumbnail. It is well formed, translucent, lustrous, with a rich, emerald green color. These deep green crystals are the rarest of all the vesuvianite styles, and gemmy, elongate ones like this the most so. It is SO vivid and unusual a green, most people would assume it is a tsavorite GARNET or a funny tourmaline, before guessing it might be a vesuvianite.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",402,{"id":756,"source_url":757,"license_code":502,"credit_html":758,"title":759,"description":709,"author":506,"original_width":760,"original_height":508},51879,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172862","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172862\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-284035.jpg",435,{"id":762,"source_url":763,"license_code":502,"credit_html":764,"title":765,"description":709,"author":506,"original_width":766,"original_height":508},51880,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172864","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10172864\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-284036.jpg",420,{"id":768,"source_url":769,"license_code":502,"credit_html":770,"title":771,"description":772,"author":506,"original_width":773,"original_height":532},66067,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10450556","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10450556\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-k261a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Wessels Mine (Wessel's Mine), Hotazel, Kalahari manganese fields, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNorthern_Cape\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Northern Cape\">Northern Cape Province\u003C\u002Fa>, South Africa (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3071.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 4.2 x 3.9 x 3.3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Mangan-Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>NOT a Gaudefroyite ! this one fooled us at first, too! It is a SUPERB mangan-vesuvianite with deep wine-red color when backlit, so you can be sure of the ID. This specimen features xls of the highest quality and the best lustre, almost glassy in brightness - rare for the species. There is some damage to smaller crystals, but most major crystals are complete, and the display is phenomenal. The matrix is sparkling, minutely crystallized andradite garnet. The large single crystal atop is doubly-terminated and almost 2 cm long tip to tip.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",794,{"id":775,"source_url":776,"license_code":502,"credit_html":777,"title":778,"description":779,"author":506,"original_width":532,"original_height":780},35651,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446962","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446962\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Calcite-Vesuvianite-d06-73a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Alchuri (Alchori; Aschudi), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FShigar_Valley\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Shigar Valley\">Shigar Valley\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSkardu_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Skardu District\">Skardu District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBaltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Baltistan\">Baltistan\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGilgit-Baltistan\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Gilgit-Baltistan\">Northern Areas\u003C\u002Fa>, Pakistan (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2528.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 3.3 x 2.8 x 2.3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Vesuvianite with Calcite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Featuring a central 2 cm crystal, doubly-terminated and wine-red, this is simply the most aesthetic and attractive miniature form the find I have seen yet. These started trickling out 2 years ago at Munich, and the flow has been pretty thin since. This piece, really, could hol dits own even with the classic Italian pieces said to be the world's best in previous centuries! The piece ALSO displays well from the other angle, with the dt crystal ATOP and the calcite serving as an accent at the base. TURST ME, its MUCH better in person and will blow you away for the quality you get for the price, compared to any previous finds of gemmyvesuvianite of this Italian alpine style.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",712,{"id":782,"source_url":783,"license_code":502,"credit_html":784,"title":785,"description":786,"author":506,"original_width":787,"original_height":788},2299,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160775","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160775\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-Augite-211541.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAugite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Augite\">Augite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Vedretta di Solda, Ortles-Cevedale Group, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FProvince_of_Bolzano-Bozen\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Province of Bolzano-Bozen\">Bolzano Province (South Tyrol)\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTrentino-Alto_Adige\u002FS%C3%BCdtirol\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Trentino-Alto Adige\u002FSüdtirol\">Trentino-Alto Adige\u003C\u002Fa>, Italy (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-123257.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.7 x 6.0 x 5.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Gemmy and lustrous, brown vesuvianite crystals to 6 mm richly and aesthetically line a very 3-dimensional, vuggy matrix, which are very nicely complimented by contrasting, green augite crystals. This fine specimen is from the less well-known Italian locality of Vedretta di Solda, in the South Tyrol Mountains. Ex. Rolf Wein Collection, a noted Alpine specialist, and collected in 1979.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",700,670,{"id":790,"source_url":791,"license_code":502,"credit_html":792,"title":793,"description":786,"author":506,"original_width":739,"original_height":794},2300,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160776","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160776\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-Augite-211543.jpg",399,{"id":796,"source_url":797,"license_code":512,"credit_html":798,"title":799,"description":800,"author":801,"original_width":802,"original_height":732},6772,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=132295564","David Hospital, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=132295564\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Cyprine.jpg","Outstanding blue crystals of this rare member of the vesuvianite group from Norway (Kleppan, Sauland, Hjartdal, Vestfold og Telemark, Norway). Ex Vandenbroucke Museum collection from Waregem, Belgium.","David Hospital",728,{"id":804,"source_url":805,"license_code":502,"credit_html":806,"title":807,"description":808,"author":506,"original_width":621,"original_height":809},15748,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10166941","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10166941\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-Meionite-249312.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMeionite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Meionite\">Meionite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAIS\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:AIS\">Ais (Ais Dome)\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjihorongo area, Omaruru District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FErongo_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Erongo Region\">Erongo Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-187284.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 10.5 x 8.9 x 7.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A dramatic, 3.8 x 2.1 cm, lustrous, translucent, brown vesuvianite crystal dominates a large vug filled with smaller vesuvianites and white blades of the uncommon calcium silicate meionite in a sculptural matrix. This fine and uncommon cabinet specimen is from the Ais Dome of Namibia. This is a very large crystal from this locale.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",486,{"id":811,"source_url":812,"license_code":813,"credit_html":814,"title":815,"description":816,"author":817,"original_width":818,"original_height":819},16665,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118190039","CC BY-SA 2.0","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118190039\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Wilkeite with Monticellite and Idocrase (48293956057).jpg","\u003Cp>Crestmore - Riverside County\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nCalifornia, USA","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada",4000,6000,{"id":821,"source_url":822,"license_code":502,"credit_html":823,"title":824,"description":825,"author":826,"original_width":827,"original_height":828},22692,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=148912631","Leon Hupperichs, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=148912631\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spurrite, Vesuvianite-480960.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpurrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spurrite\">Spurrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Specimen size: 5 cm × 3 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Crestmore quarries, Crestmore, Jurupa Valley, Riverside County, California, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Bluish grey massive spurrite and brown vesuvianite in matrix. Ex DeVito collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Leon Hupperichs",1345,947,{"id":830,"source_url":831,"license_code":502,"credit_html":832,"title":833,"description":834,"author":826,"original_width":835,"original_height":828},22693,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=148912632","Leon Hupperichs, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=148912632\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spurrite, Vesuvianite-480961.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpurrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spurrite\">Spurrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>File of view: 2 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Crestmore quarries, Crestmore, Jurupa Valley, Riverside County, California, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Bluish grey massive spurrite and brown vesuvianite in matrix. Ex DeVito collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",1052,{"id":134,"source_url":837,"license_code":512,"credit_html":838,"title":129,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":515,"original_height":839},"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F167351","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F167351\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",750,{"id":841,"source_url":842,"license_code":502,"credit_html":843,"title":844,"description":834,"author":826,"original_width":845,"original_height":828},38840,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=148912633","Leon Hupperichs, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=148912633\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spurrite, Vesuvianite-480962.jpg",1040,{"id":847,"source_url":848,"license_code":502,"credit_html":849,"title":850,"description":851,"author":506,"original_width":852,"original_height":739},57553,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165987","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165987\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Vesuvianite-Groutite-243488.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGroutite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Groutite\">Groutite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.1 x 3.5 x 3.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This large and undamaged matrix specimen is covered with gemmy, lustrous, apple green crystals of vesuvianite, to 2.0 cm in length. There are also elongated 2mm crystals of an opaque, dark green, mineral scattered on several vesuvianite crystals, which have been analyzed as acicular groutite, a manganese oxide. This is a very good, relatively large specimen anyways, but the groutite adds a neat touch.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",361,{"id":854,"source_url":855,"license_code":502,"credit_html":856,"title":857,"description":858,"author":506,"original_width":739,"original_height":859},57558,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419081","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419081\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Groutite-Vesuvianite-tmix07-152c.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGroutite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Groutite\">Groutite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: small cabinet, 8.0 x 5.6 x 2.6 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Vesuvianite and Groutite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>On a matrix of massive vesuvianite are hundreds of gemmy, lustrous, apple green crystals, including one large crystal 3.0 cm across that is dramatically doubly-terminated. This piece has excellent lustre and classic apple-green color. The dark acicular crystals, to 2.0 mm long, are groutite.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",296,{"id":861,"source_url":862,"license_code":502,"credit_html":863,"title":864,"description":858,"author":506,"original_width":865,"original_height":739},57559,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419083","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419083\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Groutite-Vesuvianite-tmix07-152b.jpg",315,{"id":867,"source_url":868,"license_code":502,"credit_html":869,"title":870,"description":871,"author":506,"original_width":532,"original_height":872},57560,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419122","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419122\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Groutite-Vesuvianite-tmix07-146a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGroutite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Groutite\">Groutite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: small cabinet, 6.2 x 4.0 x 2.3 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Vesuvianite with Groutite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a cluster of gemmy, apple-green crystals of vesuvianite, to 1.5 cm in length, with exemplary lustre like glass. The cluster is an extravagant forest of them, sticking out all over. Many are translucent, more so than usual. The piece also hosts a few acicular crystals of groutite, to 1.5 mm in length.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",518,{"id":874,"source_url":875,"license_code":502,"credit_html":876,"title":877,"description":871,"author":506,"original_width":878,"original_height":739},57561,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419123","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419123\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Groutite-Vesuvianite-tmix07-146c.jpg",283,{"id":880,"source_url":881,"license_code":502,"credit_html":882,"title":883,"description":884,"author":506,"original_width":852,"original_height":739},57562,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419125","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419125\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Groutite-Vesuvianite-tmix07-143b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGroutite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Groutite\">Groutite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Jeffrey mine (Jeffrey quarry; Johns-Manville mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAsbestos\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Asbestos\">Asbestos\u003C\u002Fa>, Les Sources RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEstrie\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Estrie\">Estrie\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-581.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: small cabinet, 6.1 x 3.5 x 3.4 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Vesuvianite with Groutite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This large and undamaged matrix specimen is covered with gemmy, lustrous, apple green crystals of vesuvianite, to 2.0 cm in length. There are also elongated 2mm crystals of an opaque, dark green, mineral scattered on several vesuvianite crystals, which have been analyzed as acicular groutite, a manganese oxide. This is a very good, relatively large specimen anyways, but the groutite adds a neat touch.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":886,"source_url":887,"license_code":502,"credit_html":888,"title":889,"description":884,"author":506,"original_width":890,"original_height":739},57563,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419127","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10419127\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Groutite-Vesuvianite-tmix07-143c.jpg",322,{"id":892,"source_url":893,"license_code":502,"credit_html":894,"title":895,"description":896,"author":506,"original_width":897,"original_height":898},60211,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149997","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149997\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyrochlore-Vesuvianite-Phlogopite-171774.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPyrochlore\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pyrochlore\">Pyrochlore\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPhlogopite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Phlogopite\">Phlogopite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Oka complex, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOka\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Oka\">Oka\u003C\u002Fa>, Deux-Montagnes RCM, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLaurentides\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Laurentides\">Laurentides\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQuebec\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Quebec\">Québec\u003C\u002Fa>, Canada (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-604.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 7.0 x 5.1 x 3.5 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Pyrochlore is an uncommon niobium oxide, found in unusual igneous rocks, such as nepheline syenites and carbonatites, and some granitic pegmatites. The Oka area hosts a classic carbonatite complex. A pink paper arrow points to a 7 mm, sharp, lustrous and partially gemmy, reddish-brown, octahedral pyrochlore crystal jauntily perched on the edge of pearl-white strontium calcite matrix. Lustrous, olive-green vesuvianite crystals and a couple of black phlogopite mica books are a nice contrast to the matrix. Accompanied by an old John Albanese label dating from 1953-1968. Ex. George Elling Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",550,495,{"id":900,"source_url":901,"license_code":599,"credit_html":902,"title":903,"description":904,"author":905,"original_width":532,"original_height":532},62436,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956277","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956277\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tobermorite intergrown w Wilkeite in Idocrase Hydrous basic calcium silicate Crestmore Quarry Riverside California 1605.jpg","\u003Cp>\u003Cb>\u003Ca href=\"\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCategory:Tobermorite\" title=\"Category:Tobermorite\">Tobermorite\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fb> intergrown w Wilkeite in Idocrase Hydrous basic calcium silicate.\n\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Locale: Crestmore Quarry,  Riverside County, California.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nThese mineral images are free to use how you wish.","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com",{"id":907,"source_url":908,"license_code":813,"credit_html":909,"title":910,"description":816,"author":817,"original_width":818,"original_height":819},68429,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118190048","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118190048\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Wilkeite with Monticellite and Idocrase (48293956382).jpg",{"id":912,"source_url":913,"license_code":599,"credit_html":914,"title":915,"description":916,"author":917,"original_width":918,"original_height":919},80361,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=148914303","John Sobolewski (JSS), via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=148914303\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Spurrite, Vesuvianite-1312024.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpurrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Spurrite\">Spurrite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVesuvianite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Vesuvianite\">Vesuvianite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Dimensions: 39 mm × 39 mm × 33 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Locality: Crestmore quarries, Crestmore, Jurupa Valley, Riverside County, California, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: Light blue spurrite with brown vesuvianite. JSS specimen and photo.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","John Sobolewski (JSS)",1024,768,[921,928,933,939,944],{"id":922,"url":923,"label":924,"formula":925,"spacegroup":926,"year":927},14189,"\u002Fcif\u002F14189.cif","Groat 2013","Ca18.696 Fe4.36 Al8.759 As.416 Si17.769 B2.604 O79.048","P 4\u002Fn n c",2013,{"id":929,"url":930,"label":931,"formula":932,"spacegroup":926,"year":927},14190,"\u002Fcif\u002F14190.cif","Halenius 2013","Ca8.701 Bi.496 Ce.043 Al5.608 Mn.344 Mg.156 Fe.612 Si8.66 O39",{"id":934,"url":935,"label":936,"formula":937,"spacegroup":926,"year":938},14191,"\u002Fcif\u002F14191.cif","Groat 2012 · Ca8.935 Mn4.579 Bi.276 Al6 Si9 As.078 O38.63 Cl.4","Ca8.935 Mn4.579 Bi.276 Al6 Si9 As.078 O38.63 Cl.4",2012,{"id":940,"url":941,"label":942,"formula":943,"spacegroup":926,"year":938},14192,"\u002Fcif\u002F14192.cif","Groat 2012 · Ca9.156 Mn.864 Bi.06 Fe.223 Al5.636 Si9 As.067 O39 Cl.064","Ca9.156 Mn.864 Bi.06 Fe.223 Al5.636 Si9 As.067 O39 Cl.064",{"id":945,"url":946,"label":947,"formula":948,"spacegroup":926,"year":949},14193,"\u002Fcif\u002F14193.cif","Galuskin 2007","Ca19 Al8.318 Mg4.154 Fe.422 Mn.106 B.484 Si16.232 O77.82 Cl.18 H12.672",2007,[951,952,953,954,955,956,957,958,959,960,961,962,963,964,965,966,967,968,969,970,971],"Duparcite","Egeran","Gahnite (of Lobo da Silveira)","Genevit","Genevite","Idocrasa","Idocrase","Idocrasio","Idokras","Jefreinoffit","Jefreinoffite","Jevreinovit","Jevreinovite","Jewreinowit","Loboit","Pyramidal Garnet","Vesubiana","Vesubianita","Vesuviana","Vésuvienne","Volcanic Chrysotile",[973,977,981,985,990,995,999,1003,1007,1012,1016,1021,1033,1037,1041,1045,1049,1052,1055,1059,1063,1067,1070,1073,1076,1080,1083,1086,1094,1097,1103,1106,1109,1113,1118,1121,1124,1129,1132,1135,1138,1141,1146,1149,1152,1157,1160,1163,1167],{"lang":974,"names":975},"az",[976],"Vezuvian",{"lang":978,"names":979},"be",[980],"Везувіян",{"lang":982,"names":983},"ca",[984],"vesuvianita",{"lang":986,"names":987},"cs",[988,989],"idokras","vesuvian",{"lang":991,"names":992},"de",[959,993,994],"Vesuvian","Vesuvianit",{"lang":996,"names":997},"el",[998],"Βεζουβιανίτης",{"lang":1000,"names":1001},"es",[1002,984],"idocrasa",{"lang":1004,"names":1005},"et",[1006],"vesuviaan",{"lang":1008,"names":1009},"eu",[1010,1011],"vesubianita","Vesuvianita",{"lang":1013,"names":1014},"fa",[1015],"وزوویانیت",{"lang":1017,"names":1018},"fi",[1019,1020],"Idokraasi","Vesuvianiitti",{"lang":1022,"names":1023},"fr",[1024,1025,1026,129,1027,1028,1029,1030,1031,957,1032],"Beryllian vesuvianite","Californite","Cerian vesuvianite","Genévite","Hétéromérite","Hyacinte du Vésuve","Hyacinte volcanique","Hyacinthine","Vésuvianite",{"lang":1034,"names":1035},"he",[1036],"וזוביאניט",{"lang":1038,"names":1039},"hr",[1040],"Vezuvijan",{"lang":1042,"names":1043},"hu",[1044],"vezuvián",{"lang":1046,"names":1047},"hy",[1048],"Վեզուվիան",{"lang":1050,"names":1051},"id",[994],{"lang":1053,"names":1054},"it",[969,7],{"lang":1056,"names":1057},"ja",[1058],"ベスブ石",{"lang":1060,"names":1061},"kk",[1062],"Везувиан",{"lang":1064,"names":1065},"kk-arab",[1066],"ۆەزۋۆىيان",{"lang":1068,"names":1069},"kk-cn",[1066],{"lang":1071,"names":1072},"kk-cyrl",[1062],{"lang":1074,"names":1075},"kk-kz",[1062],{"lang":1077,"names":1078},"kk-latn",[1079],"Vezwvïan",{"lang":1081,"names":1082},"kk-tr",[1079],{"lang":1084,"names":1085},"ky",[1062],{"lang":1087,"names":1088},"lt",[1089,1090,1091,1092,1093],"Idograsas","Kalifornitas","Kiprinas","Vezuvianitai","Vezuvianitas",{"lang":1095,"names":1096},"nb",[989],{"lang":1098,"names":1099},"nl",[1100,1101,1102],"Idokraas","Vesuviaan","vesuvianiet",{"lang":1104,"names":1105},"nn",[989],{"lang":1107,"names":1108},"no",[993],{"lang":1110,"names":1111},"pl",[1112],"Wezuwian",{"lang":1114,"names":1115},"pt",[1116,1011,1117],"Idócrase","vesuvianite",{"lang":1119,"names":1120},"ru",[1062],{"lang":1122,"names":1123},"sh",[1040],{"lang":1125,"names":1126},"sr",[1127,1128],"Везувијан","везувијанит",{"lang":1130,"names":1131},"sr-ec",[1127],{"lang":1133,"names":1134},"sr-el",[1040],{"lang":1136,"names":1137},"sv",[994],{"lang":1139,"names":1140},"tg",[1062],{"lang":1142,"names":1143},"uk",[1144,1145],"Везувіан","Ідокраз",{"lang":1147,"names":1148},"uz",[976],{"lang":1150,"names":1151},"vi",[994],{"lang":1153,"names":1154},"zh",[1155,1156],"符山石","维苏威石",{"lang":1158,"names":1159},"zh-cn",[1156],{"lang":1161,"names":1162},"zh-hans",[1156],{"lang":1164,"names":1165},"zh-hant",[1166],"維蘇威石",{"lang":1168,"names":1169},"zh-tw",[1155],"Q413399",{"history":1172,"applications":1176},{"markdown":1173,"model_version":1174,"prompt_version":1175,"reviewed_at":11},"The name **vesuvianite** is geographic. The species was first recognised in blocks of altered limestone thrown up by Mount Vesuvius, the volcano on the Bay of Naples, and the name carries that locality forward.\n\nThe first stones reached the literature long before they had a settled name. In 1723, the Swiss naturalist Moritz Anton Kappeler described them under the unwieldy label *hyacinthus dictus octodecahedricus* — the eighteen-faced hyacinth, *hyacinth* being a yellow-to-brown gem variety of zircon the crystals resembled in colour[1]. Half a century later, in 1772, the French crystallographer Jean-Baptiste Louis Romé de L'Isle rebaptised them *hyacinte du Vésuve* — Vesuvius hyacinth — naming the locality for the first time[1]. That phrase appears to have inspired the German mineralogist Abraham Gottlob Werner. In 1795, he dropped the hyacinth comparison and named the species *vesuvian* after its discovery locality[1][2]. Werner's name became the modern one.\n\nA second name appeared almost immediately. In 1799, the French mineralogist René Just Haüy introduced **idocrase**, built from Greek roots meaning *mixed form*, in reference to the varied crystal habits the species showed[1]. *Idocrase* was for a long time the more popular name and is still common in the gem trade, but vesuvianite is the form the International Mineralogical Association recognises.\n\nThe species has produced several named varieties that carry their own short stories. **Cyprine** is a sky-blue form first reported from Franklin, New Jersey, its colour traced to traces of copper[2]. **Xanthite** is a manganese-rich form[2]. The most commercially conspicuous is **californite**, a compact green vesuvianite from several California localities that resembles jade closely enough to be marketed as *California jade* or *American jade* — names that are gemmological convention rather than mineralogical truth, since the stone is neither jadeite nor nephrite[2].","claude-opus-4-7","1.7.0",{"markdown":1177,"model_version":1174,"prompt_version":1175,"reviewed_at":11},"Vesuvianite has no industrial role of any scale. It is not mined as an ore, not used as an abrasive, not consumed in any chemical process. Its working life today divides cleanly between the gem trade and the petrologist's hand lens.\n\n### As a gem and ornamental stone\n\nTransparent crystals of clean green or brown colour are sometimes cut as faceted gemstones, sold under either *vesuvianite* or the older trade name *idocrase*[1]. Volume is modest — the species is not in the major gemstone tier — and most of the demand sits with collectors of unusual cut stones rather than the broad jewellery market.\n\nThe more commercial form is **californite**, a compact, opaque green vesuvianite found at several California localities[2]. Its even colour and high polish let it stand in for jade, and it is cut into cabochons — domed, unfaceted stones — and carved into beads and small ornaments, sold as *California jade* or *American jade*[2]. The trade names are gemmological convention; californite is neither jadeite nor nephrite. Cyprine, the sky-blue copper-bearing variety from Franklin, New Jersey, and xanthite, the yellow manganese-rich variety, occasionally appear in collector-grade cut stones but carry no commercial gem market[3].\n\n### As a research mineral\n\nOutside the gem trade, vesuvianite's most consistent use is as an index mineral for the petrologist — the geologist who reads rock origins from mineral assemblages. The species forms when calcium-rich rocks are cooked and chemically altered by an intruding hot body, and finding it in an outcrop is itself a clue to that history. It is a characteristic mineral of **skarns** — the calcium-silicate rocks produced when a granite intrusion bakes a neighbouring limestone[4]. It also appears in limestones that have undergone contact metamorphism more broadly[4]. Museums and university collections maintain a steady, modest demand for well-crystallised specimens from classic localities — Mount Vesuvius, the Ala Valley in Piedmont, and the Wiluy River in Siberia chief among them[5]."]