[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"minerals:one:4292":3},{"id":4,"longid":5,"guid":6,"name":7,"shortcode_ima":8,"entrytype":9,"entrytype_text":10,"varietyof":11,"synid":11,"polytypeof":11,"groupid":12,"weighting":13,"nolocadd":14,"blacklisted":14,"mindat_formula":15,"mindat_formula_note":11,"ima_formula":15,"elements":16,"sigelements":20,"key_elements":21,"impurities":22,"cim":23,"ima_status":24,"ima_notes":11,"ima_history":11,"approval_year":11,"publication_year":11,"discovery_year":27,"strunz10ed1":28,"strunz10ed2":29,"strunz10ed3":29,"strunz10ed4":30,"dana8ed1":31,"dana8ed2":32,"dana8ed3":32,"dana8ed4":33,"csystem":34,"cclass":35,"spacegroup":36,"spacegroupset":37,"a":38,"b":37,"c":39,"alpha":37,"beta":37,"gamma":37,"aerror":11,"berror":11,"cerror":11,"alphaerror":11,"betaerror":11,"gammaerror":11,"va3":11,"z":40,"csmetamict":14,"commentcrystal":11,"twinning":41,"tranglide":11,"parting":11,"epitaxidescription":11,"morphology":42,"tlform":11,"hmin":43,"hmax":43,"hardtype":44,"vhnmin":37,"vhnmax":37,"vhnerror":11,"vhng":11,"vhns":11,"commenthard":11,"dmeas":45,"dmeas2":46,"dcalc":47,"dmeaserror":11,"dcalcerror":11,"commentdense":11,"lustre":11,"lustretype":48,"commentluster":11,"diapheny":49,"streak":50,"colour":51,"commentcolor":11,"colors":52,"streak_colors":63,"luminescence":11,"uv":64,"cleavage":65,"cleavagetype":66,"fracturetype":67,"tenacity":68,"commentbreak":11,"opticaltype":69,"opticalsign":70,"opticalalpha":37,"opticalalpha2":37,"opticalalphaerror":11,"opticalbeta":37,"opticalbeta2":37,"opticalbetaerror":11,"opticalgamma":37,"opticalgamma2":37,"opticalgammaerror":11,"opticalomega":71,"opticalomega2":72,"opticalomegaerror":11,"opticalepsilon":73,"opticalepsilon2":74,"opticalepsilonerror":11,"opticaln":37,"opticaln2":37,"opticalnerror":11,"optical2vcalc":37,"optical2vcalc2":37,"optical2vcalcerror":11,"optical2vmeasured":37,"optical2vmeasured2":37,"optical2vmeasurederror":11,"rimin":75,"rimax":76,"opticaldispersion":11,"opticalpleochroism":11,"opticalpleochorismdesc":11,"opticalbirefringence":11,"opticalcomments":11,"opticalcolour":11,"opticalinternal":11,"opticaltropic":11,"opticalanisotropism":11,"opticalbireflectance":11,"opticalextinction":11,"opticalr":11,"specdispm":11,"ir":11,"electrical":11,"magnetism":11,"thermalbehaviour":77,"other":78,"industrial":79,"occurrence":11,"otheroccurrence":80,"type_specimen_store":11,"description_short":81,"aboutname":82,"rock_parent":11,"rock_parent2":11,"rock_root":9,"rock_bgs_code":11,"meteoritical_code":11,"updttime":83,"reviewed_at":11,"variety_of":11,"varieties":84,"group_members":100,"associates":118,"confused_with":289,"type_localities":290,"occurrence_total":297,"citations":298,"images":390,"structures":726,"synonyms":747,"language_names":756,"wikidata_qid":875,"texts":876},4292,"1:1:4292:1","1de9bb4b-d62a-4380-b75d-be19b40ef8f4","Willemite","Wlm",0,"mineral",null,39500,29165,false,"Zn\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",[17,18,19],"Si","Zn","O",[17,18,19],[18],",Al,Fe,Mn,Pb,Mg,Ca,","14.7.11",[25,26],"APPROVED","GRANDFATHERED","1830","9","A","05","51","1","2","Trigonal",10,80,"0","13.93","9.31",18,"Twinning in willemite is rare. Metcalf-Johansen (1977) reported willemite trillings \u003Cmi>{10_10}\u003C\u002Fmi> from Illimausaq, Greenland. At least one definite trilling twin of willemite crystals is known from Franklin, New Jersey.","Blocky, hexagonal, barrel-shaped crystals, often with rounded terminations (Franklin area); commonly acicular in clusters to radial-fibrous aggregates; long-prismatic, hexagonal, doubly-terminated crystals; layered, botryoidal masses (Putta).\r\n\r\nForms include \u003Cmi>{0001}, {10_1}, {30_34), {11_20}, {10_11}, {01_12}, {21_31}\u003C\u002Fmi>.",5.5,3,"3.89","4.19","4.224","Vitreous,Resinous","Transparent,Translucent","White","Colorless, white, pastel green, apple-green, light blue, azure-blue, yellow, burgundy-red, brown, mahogany-brown, gray, black, pink",[53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62],"colorless","white","green","blue","yellow","red","brown","gray","black","pink",[54],"Bright green (SW UV & X-ray), often with very strong green phosphorescence; green (LW SW); creamy-white to pastel yellow (SW & LW UV)(common). Non-fluorescent willemite exists, but is very rare.","Good to poor \u003Cmi>{11_20}, poor {0001}\u003C\u002Fmi>","Distinct\u002FGood","Irregular\u002FUneven,Sub-Conchoidal","brittle","Uniaxial","+","1.691","1.694","1.719","1.725",1.691,1.725,"In forceps before the blowpipe, glows and fuses with difficulty to a white enamel. From New Jersey, fuses 3 to 4.","Decomposed by HCl with separation of gelatinous silica.\r\n\r\nSpecimens from New Jersey are triboluminescent, producing a green light (Wick, 1937).","Ore of zinc \u002F zinc oxide","Occurs generally as a secondary zinc mineral derived from the supergene weathering of sphalerite (gossan & other oxidized deposits) or by the alteration of primary sphalerite in hydrothermal veins. The Franklin-Sterling Hill orebodies are unique in the context of massive willemite as a primary ore mineral, derived from an unknown proto-ore during Cambrian, or older, times.","Phenakite Group.\r\n\r\nCrystals prismatic, both stout and slender, terminated by rhombohedra and {0001}, to 20 cm. Commonly tiny simple hexagonal prisms or radial tufts of acicular needles outside of the New Jersey occurrences. Coarse to finely granular, ...","Named in 1830 by Serve-Dieu Abailard \"Armand\" Lévy in honor of William I (Willem) (1772-1843), King (1813-1840) of the Netherlands, wherein the type locality was located at the time, in gratitude of having been granted Professorship at the University of Liège by the king (Lévy had been banished from France during the French Restoration). This species was previously discovered in 1825 and was identified as \"siliceous oxyde of zinc\" by Lardner Vanuxem and William Hypolitus Keating. At the time, \"siliceous oxyde of zinc\" was a synonym of electric calamine, now known as hemimorphite. Willemite and hemimorphite have about the same weight percentage of zinc and silica. Vanuxem and Keating (1824) noted their \"siliceous oxyde of zinc\" had an additional component of iron and manganese that was coincidentally the same weight percentage as the amount of water in hemimorphite. Vanuxem and Keating also made a mistake in describing the crystallography of their specimens and confounded their mineral with one previously described. Gerard Troost (1825) wrote that the mineral of Vanuxem and Keating was not the same as the previously named siliceous oxide of zinc and that it was probably a new mineral. Troost sent specimens for chemical analysis to Thomas Thomson, but  Thomson did not analyze the potentially new mineral. He analyzed a more prominent mineral on the specimen that had been sent to him because the unknown was not clearly indicated.  When Lévy named willemite, it was not a re-naming, as has sometimes been supposed. No species had been previously proposed that was the same as willemite.","2025-08-11 12:14:25",[85,89,92,95],{"id":86,"name":87,"entrytype":88,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":37,"primary_image_id":11},26781,"Beta-Willemite",2,{"id":90,"name":91,"entrytype":88,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":37,"primary_image_id":11},11410,"Grape Willemite",{"id":93,"name":94,"entrytype":88,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":15,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":37,"primary_image_id":11},10401,"Radial Willemite",{"id":96,"name":97,"entrytype":88,"csystem":11,"ima_formula":11,"mindat_formula":98,"hmin":11,"hmax":11,"dmeas":37,"dcalc":11,"primary_image_id":99},6726,"Troostite","(Zn,Mn)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",83711,[101,109],{"id":102,"name":103,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":104,"mindat_formula":104,"hmin":105,"hmax":105,"dmeas":106,"dcalc":107,"primary_image_id":108},1419,"Eucryptite","LiAlSiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",6.5,"2.657","2.654",8164,{"id":110,"name":111,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":112,"mindat_formula":113,"hmin":114,"hmax":115,"dmeas":116,"dcalc":116,"primary_image_id":117},3188,"Phenakite","Be\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","Be\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",7.5,8,"2.96",19257,[119,128,137,144,151,159,168,177,185,192,201,209,217,225,233,240,249,257,265,273,280],{"id":120,"name":121,"entrytype":9,"csystem":122,"ima_formula":123,"mindat_formula":123,"hmin":124,"hmax":124,"dmeas":125,"dcalc":126,"primary_image_id":127},23,"Adelite","Orthorhombic","CaMg(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)",5,"3.71","3.78",208,{"id":129,"name":130,"entrytype":9,"csystem":131,"ima_formula":132,"mindat_formula":132,"hmin":133,"hmax":133,"dmeas":134,"dcalc":135,"primary_image_id":136},93,"Alamosite","Monoclinic","PbSiO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>",4.5,"6.488","6.30",534,{"id":138,"name":139,"entrytype":9,"csystem":131,"ima_formula":140,"mindat_formula":140,"hmin":133,"hmax":133,"dmeas":141,"dcalc":142,"primary_image_id":143},122,"Allactite","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.83","3.94",710,{"id":145,"name":146,"entrytype":9,"csystem":131,"ima_formula":147,"mindat_formula":147,"hmin":43,"hmax":43,"dmeas":148,"dcalc":149,"primary_image_id":150},129,"Alleghanyite","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.93","3.96",773,{"id":152,"name":153,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":154,"mindat_formula":155,"hmin":44,"hmax":44,"dmeas":156,"dcalc":157,"primary_image_id":158},859,"Calcite","Ca(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","CaCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","2.7102","2.711",4401,{"id":160,"name":161,"entrytype":9,"csystem":162,"ima_formula":163,"mindat_formula":163,"hmin":164,"hmax":164,"dmeas":165,"dcalc":166,"primary_image_id":167},1576,"Fluorite","Isometric","CaF\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",4,"3.175","3.181",29727,{"id":169,"name":170,"entrytype":9,"csystem":162,"ima_formula":171,"mindat_formula":172,"hmin":43,"hmax":173,"dmeas":174,"dcalc":175,"primary_image_id":176},1598,"Franklinite","ZnFe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","Zn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>",6,"5.07","5.163",29732,{"id":178,"name":179,"entrytype":9,"csystem":131,"ima_formula":180,"mindat_formula":181,"hmin":164,"hmax":124,"dmeas":182,"dcalc":183,"primary_image_id":184},1609,"Friedelite","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>15\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>15\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,Cl)\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>","3.04","3.066",9425,{"id":186,"name":187,"entrytype":9,"csystem":122,"ima_formula":188,"mindat_formula":188,"hmin":173,"hmax":173,"dmeas":189,"dcalc":190,"primary_image_id":191},1708,"Glaucochroite","CaMn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","3.407","3.465",10023,{"id":193,"name":194,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":195,"mindat_formula":196,"hmin":197,"hmax":197,"dmeas":198,"dcalc":199,"primary_image_id":200},1857,"Hematolite","(Mn,Mg,Al)\u003Csub>15\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>23\u003C\u002Fsub>","(Mn,Mg,Al,Fe\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>)\u003Csub>15\u003C\u002Fsub>(As\u003Csup>5+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(As\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>23\u003C\u002Fsub>",3.5,"3.49","3.48",11121,{"id":202,"name":203,"entrytype":9,"csystem":122,"ima_formula":204,"mindat_formula":205,"hmin":133,"hmax":124,"dmeas":206,"dcalc":207,"primary_image_id":208},1860,"Hemimorphite","Zn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>(Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","Zn\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>Si\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","3.475","3.484",11125,{"id":210,"name":211,"entrytype":9,"csystem":122,"ima_formula":212,"mindat_formula":213,"hmin":164,"hmax":164,"dmeas":214,"dcalc":215,"primary_image_id":216},1920,"Holdenite","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Zn\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","(Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>,Mg)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>Zn\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(AsO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.11","4.27",11535,{"id":218,"name":219,"entrytype":9,"csystem":122,"ima_formula":220,"mindat_formula":221,"hmin":197,"hmax":197,"dmeas":222,"dcalc":223,"primary_image_id":224},1999,"Hopeite","Zn\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> · 4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","ZnZn\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>·4H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O","3","3.08",59549,{"id":226,"name":227,"entrytype":9,"csystem":162,"ima_formula":228,"mindat_formula":229,"hmin":197,"hmax":164,"dmeas":230,"dcalc":231,"primary_image_id":232},2543,"Magnussonite","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>As\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>18\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,Cl)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(As\u003Csup>3+\u003C\u002Fsup>O\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH,Cl)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.14","4.55",15147,{"id":234,"name":235,"entrytype":9,"csystem":162,"ima_formula":236,"mindat_formula":236,"hmin":43,"hmax":43,"dmeas":237,"dcalc":238,"primary_image_id":239},2503,"Manganosite","MnO","5.364","5.36",30158,{"id":241,"name":242,"entrytype":9,"csystem":243,"ima_formula":244,"mindat_formula":245,"hmin":88,"hmax":246,"dmeas":247,"dcalc":248,"primary_image_id":11},3150,"Pennantite","Triclinic","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>Al(Si\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Al)O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>(OH)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>Al(AlSi\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>10\u003C\u002Fsub>)(OH)\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>",2.5,"2.89","3.18",{"id":250,"name":251,"entrytype":9,"csystem":252,"ima_formula":253,"mindat_formula":253,"hmin":197,"hmax":164,"dmeas":254,"dcalc":255,"primary_image_id":256},3320,"Pyromorphite","Hexagonal","Pb\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>(PO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl","7.04","7.109",20271,{"id":258,"name":259,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":260,"mindat_formula":260,"hmin":261,"hmax":261,"dmeas":262,"dcalc":263,"primary_image_id":264},3337,"Quartz","SiO\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>",7,"2.65","2.66",30579,{"id":266,"name":267,"entrytype":9,"csystem":34,"ima_formula":268,"mindat_formula":269,"hmin":164,"hmax":133,"dmeas":270,"dcalc":271,"primary_image_id":272},3688,"Smithsonite","Zn(CO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>)","ZnCO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>","4.42","4.43",30707,{"id":274,"name":275,"entrytype":9,"csystem":122,"ima_formula":276,"mindat_formula":276,"hmin":173,"hmax":173,"dmeas":277,"dcalc":278,"primary_image_id":279},3913,"Tephroite","Mn\u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>(SiO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","3.87","4.15",30817,{"id":281,"name":282,"entrytype":9,"csystem":283,"ima_formula":284,"mindat_formula":285,"hmin":246,"hmax":44,"dmeas":286,"dcalc":287,"primary_image_id":288},4322,"Wulfenite","Tetragonal","PbMoO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>","Pb(MoO\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>)","6.5","6.88",30992,[],[291],{"id":292,"txt":293,"latitude":294,"longitude":295,"country":296},304,"Altenberg mine, Kelmis, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium",50.7143448,6.0091261,"Belgium",339,[299,303,306,310,314,318,321,325,329,334,337,342,346,351,355,359,363,368,372,376,380,385],{"id":300,"year":301,"html":302,"doi":11},16128093,1824,"Vanuxem, Lardner; Keating, William H. (1824) Observations upon some of the minerals discovered at Franklin, Sussex County, N.J.. Journal of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, 4, 3-11 (8). (as \"siliceous oxide or silicate of zinc\")",{"id":304,"year":301,"html":305,"doi":11},16128094,"Vanuxem, Lardner; Keating, William H. (1824) Analysis of the Pyroxene, found at the Franklin Iron Works, near Sparta, Sussex Co. New-Jersey.  American Journal of Science and Arts, 4, 8.",{"id":307,"year":308,"html":309,"doi":11},16128095,1825,"Troost, Gerard (1825) Observations on the Zinc Ores of Franklin and Sterling, Sussex County, New Jersey. Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, 4, 220-231.",{"id":311,"year":312,"html":313,"doi":11},16128096,1830,"Lévy, A. (1830) Der Willemit. Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde, 1, 71-71.",{"id":315,"year":316,"html":317,"doi":11},16128097,1843,"Lévy, A. (1843) Description de plusieurs espèces minérales appartenant à la famille du zinc. Annales des Mines, Paris, 4e série, 4, 517.",{"id":319,"year":193,"html":320,"doi":11},16128098,"Braun, M. (1857) Über die Galmeilagerstätte des Altenberges im Zusammenhang mit den Erzlagerstätten des Altenberger Grubenfeldes un der Umgegend. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft.",{"id":322,"year":323,"html":324,"doi":11},16128099,1868,"Mixter, W.G. (1868) On willemite and tephroite. American Journal of Science, s2-46(137), 230-232.",{"id":326,"year":327,"html":328,"doi":11},16128100,1874,"Arzruni, A. (1874) Ueber eine Zwillings-Verwachsung des Willemit. Annalen der Physik und Chemie (Poggendorff), 152, 281.",{"id":330,"year":331,"html":332,"doi":333},399530,1887,"Gorgeu, Alex. (1887) Sur la production artificielle de la Zincite et de la Willemite. \u003Ci>Bulletin de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi>,  10 (1) 36-39 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1887.2041'>doi:10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1887.2041\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1887.2041",{"id":335,"year":331,"html":336,"doi":11},15957207,"Genth, F.A. (1887) Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of the University of Pennsylvania. No. XXIX. Contributions to Mineralogy. American Philosophical Society, 24(125), 23-44 (43-43).",{"id":338,"year":339,"html":340,"doi":341},233960,1936,"Brown, John Stafford (1936) Supergene sphalerite, galena, and willemite at Balmat, New York. \u003Ci>Economic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  31 (4) 331-354 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.31.4.331'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.31.4.331\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.31.4.331",{"id":343,"year":344,"html":345,"doi":11},16128103,1937,"Wick, Frances G. (1937) An Experimental Study of the Triboluminescence of Certain Natural Crystals and Synthetically Prepared Materials. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 27, 275-285.",{"id":347,"year":348,"html":349,"doi":350},400546,1943,"Servigne, Marcel (1943) La photoluminescence des willémites. Remarques sur les relations de la luminescence à la constitution chimique de ces minéraux. Application à quelques exemples. \u003Ci>Bulletin de Minéralogie\u003C\u002Fi>,  66 (1). 452-478 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1943.4546'>doi:10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1943.4546\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3406\u002Fbulmi.1943.4546",{"id":352,"year":353,"html":354,"doi":11},16128104,1970,"Hang, C., Simonov, M.A., Belov, N.V. (1970) Crystal structures of willemite Zn2[SiO4] and its germanium analog Zn2[GeO4]. Soviet Physics - Crystallography, 15, 387-390.",{"id":356,"year":357,"html":358,"doi":11},16128106,1977,"Simonov, M.A., Sandomirskii, P.A., Egorov-Tismenko, Y.K., Belov, N.V. (1977) Crystal structure of willemite, Zn2[SiO4]. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 237, 581-584.",{"id":360,"year":357,"html":361,"doi":362},2729,"Metcalf-Johansen, John (1977) Willemite from the Ilímaussaq alkaline Intrusion. \u003Ci>Mineralogical Magazine\u003C\u002Fi>,  41 (317) 71-75 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1180\u002Fminmag.1977.041.317.11'>doi:10.1180\u002Fminmag.1977.041.317.11\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Frruff.info\u002Fdoclib\u002FMinMag\u002FVolume_41\u002F41-317-71.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1180\u002Fminmag.1977.041.317.11",{"id":364,"year":365,"html":366,"doi":367},206557,1978,"Klaska, K.-H., Eck, J. C., Pohl, D. (1978) New investigation of willemite. \u003Ci>Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry\u003C\u002Fi>,  34 (11) 3324-3325 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1107\u002Fs0567740878010778'>doi:10.1107\u002Fs0567740878010778\u003C\u002Fa>","10.1107\u002Fs0567740878010778",{"id":369,"year":370,"html":371,"doi":11},528098,1985,"Francis, Carl A. (1985) New data on the forsterite-tephroite series. \u003Ci>American Mineralogist\u003C\u002Fi>,  70 (5-6) 568-575 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='http:\u002F\u002Fwww.minsocam.org\u002Fammin\u002FAM70\u002FAM70_568.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":373,"year":374,"html":375,"doi":11},17080551,1995,"Dunn, Pete J. (1995) \u003Ci>Franklin and Sterling Hill, New Jersey: The world's most magnificent mineral deposits\u003C\u002Fi> Vol. 3. The Franklin-Ogdensburg Mineralogical Society.",{"id":377,"year":378,"html":379,"doi":11},16968135,2001,"(2001) Willemite. \u003Ci>Handbook of Mineralogy\u003C\u002Fi>. Mineralogical Society of America \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.handbookofmineralogy.org\u002Fpdfs\u002Fwillemite.pdf' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>",{"id":381,"year":382,"html":383,"doi":384},226532,2003,"Brugger, J., McPhail, D. C., Wallace, M., Waters, J. (2003) Formation of Willemite in Hydrothermal Environments. \u003Ci>Economic Geology\u003C\u002Fi>,  98 (4) 819-835 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.98.4.819'>doi:10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.98.4.819\u003C\u002Fa>","10.2113\u002Fgsecongeo.98.4.819",{"id":386,"year":387,"html":388,"doi":389},13421444,2021,"Czaja, Maria, Lisiecki, Radosław, Juroszek, Rafał, Krzykawski, Tomasz (2021) Luminescence Properties of Tetrahedral Coordinated Mn2+; Genthelvite and Willemite Examples. \u003Ci>Minerals\u003C\u002Fi>, 11 (11) 1215 \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3390\u002Fmin11111215'>doi:10.3390\u002Fmin11111215\u003C\u002Fa> \u003Ca target='_blank' href='https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mdpi.com\u002F2075-163X\u002F11\u002F11\u002F1215\u002Fpdf?version=1635605080' class='refpdflink'>\u003C\u002Fa>","10.3390\u002Fmin11111215",[391,398,408,416,424,431,438,447,455,462,470,477,484,492,500,508,517,522,529,535,541,548,556,563,570,577,584,591,600,607,613,621,631,640,647,653,660,667,674,681,688,695,701,711,719],{"id":392,"source_url":393,"license_code":394,"credit_html":395,"title":7,"description":11,"author":11,"original_width":396,"original_height":397},30976,"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F167502","CC BY-SA 4.0","Photo: Unknown author — http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0\u002F, courtesy of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fgeocollections.info\u002Ffile\u002F167502\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Tartu, Natural History Museum\u003C\u002Fa> via Europeana",1000,686,{"id":399,"source_url":400,"license_code":401,"credit_html":402,"title":403,"description":404,"author":405,"original_width":406,"original_height":407},28079,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10120430","CC BY-SA 3.0","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10120430\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-21556.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Sterling Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSterling_Hill_Mining_Museum\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sterling Hill Mining Museum\">Sterling Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOgdensburg\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ogdensburg\">Ogdensburg\u003C\u002Fa>, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Jersey\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Jersey\">New Jersey\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3948.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A HUGE specimen rich with highly fluorescent willemite crystals to 3.5 cm in size. It is actually doubly-terminated, though frozen in matrix. Highly fluorescent and attractive, plus just an unusually big example of willemite from here since we usually see just smaller chunks. 15 x 10 x 10 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Robert M. Lavinsky",765,507,{"id":409,"source_url":410,"license_code":401,"credit_html":411,"title":412,"description":413,"author":405,"original_width":414,"original_height":415},28080,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10148095","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10148095\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-163030.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 3.2 x 2.3 x 1.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This is a near-floater of willemite with several layers of contrasting colored spheres. The top level has sparkling, lustrous and translucent, white spheres of willemite, to 5mm across. A little beauty! Ex. Charlie Key Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",800,547,{"id":417,"source_url":418,"license_code":401,"credit_html":419,"title":420,"description":421,"author":405,"original_width":422,"original_height":423},28081,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10150660","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10150660\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-174047.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Foam-green botryoidal Willemite along the surface and in a vug. Ex. Willy Israel Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",458,600,{"id":425,"source_url":426,"license_code":401,"credit_html":427,"title":428,"description":429,"author":405,"original_width":423,"original_height":430},28082,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153951","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153951\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-183982.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.7 x 4.1 x 2.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A fine and rare willemite varietal from the Tsumeb Mine. Radial tufts of sea-green to colorless, very glassy, needle-like willemite crystals cover the matrix of massive willemite. Ex. Rob Smith Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",402,{"id":432,"source_url":433,"license_code":401,"credit_html":434,"title":435,"description":429,"author":405,"original_width":436,"original_height":437},28083,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153952","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153952\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-183983.jpg",500,464,{"id":439,"source_url":440,"license_code":401,"credit_html":441,"title":442,"description":443,"author":444,"original_width":445,"original_height":446},28084,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14865700","Christian Rewitzer, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=14865700\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-130544.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Berg Aukas (Berg Aukus), Grootfontein District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOtjozondjupa_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Otjozondjupa Region\">Otjozondjupa Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2424.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Picture width 7 mm. Collection and photograph Christian Rewitzer\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Christian Rewitzer",1010,1024,{"id":448,"source_url":449,"license_code":401,"credit_html":450,"title":451,"description":452,"author":405,"original_width":453,"original_height":454},83716,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149222","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149222\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-168225.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.3 x 3.3 x 2.6 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>This specimen consists of excellent quality, GEM\u002Fgemmy, rich teal-blue botryoidal aggregates of Willemite which are associated with minor green Bayldonite. Ex. Richard Kosnar Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",426,576,{"id":456,"source_url":457,"license_code":401,"credit_html":458,"title":459,"description":460,"author":405,"original_width":423,"original_height":461},83717,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10150657","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10150657\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-174045.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 7 x 4 x 2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A rich and colorful coating of well-formed lustrous crystals of Cadmian Willemite. Ex. Willy Israel Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",482,{"id":463,"source_url":464,"license_code":401,"credit_html":465,"title":466,"description":467,"author":405,"original_width":468,"original_height":469},83718,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10150856","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10150856\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-Adamite-174225.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAdamite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Adamite\">Adamite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: Cuprian Adamite)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.7 x 4.1 x 2.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>With superb luster and color on the 1-cm-long Willemite blades, they lay attractively on the green-blue druse of cuprian adamites for a sharp contrast. Ex. Willy Israel Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",503,700,{"id":471,"source_url":472,"license_code":401,"credit_html":473,"title":474,"description":475,"author":405,"original_width":423,"original_height":476},83724,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10429550","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10429550\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-d05-143a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSanta_Eulalia_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Santa Eulalia District\">Santa Eulalia District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAquiles_Serd%C3%A1n,_Chihuahua\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua\">Municipio de Aquiles Serdán\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChihuahua\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chihuahua\">Chihuahua\u003C\u002Fa>, Mexico (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2311.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: small cabinet, 7.6 x 6.5 x 4.6 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Willemite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A very rare example of WILLEMITE from the upper zones of this mine, which has been active for at least 40 years in specimen production. These came out early on, and I see them only come out of old collections, 30-40 years or so old. This is an attractive pocket, with great sparkly lustre to it! 7.6 x 6.5 x 4.6 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",470,{"id":478,"source_url":479,"license_code":401,"credit_html":480,"title":481,"description":475,"author":405,"original_width":482,"original_height":483},83725,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10429552","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10429552\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-d05-143b.jpg",400,300,{"id":485,"source_url":486,"license_code":394,"credit_html":487,"title":488,"description":489,"author":490,"original_width":446,"original_height":491},83727,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=112844933","Joan Rosell, from rosellminerals.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=112844933\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Catalan willemite.jpg","The Sant Fost willemite appears in small crystals with a pseudohexagonal prismatic habit (twinned), with striated faces. All of them are sub-millimeter in size and form druses of crystals with a resinous or adamantine luster, with colors ranging from dark brown to honey-yellow, or they may appear colorless and transparent. In Sant Fost the willemite appears associated to a sphalerite vein together with silicates (quartz and clays), calcite, fluorite, and baryte. Very unusual locality for the species.","Joan Rosell, from rosellminerals.com",741,{"id":493,"source_url":494,"license_code":401,"credit_html":495,"title":496,"description":497,"author":405,"original_width":498,"original_height":499},83723,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173270","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173270\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-286326.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 10.5 x 8.5 x 7.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Glassy and beautiful, sea-green to rose-red to rust-red willemite botryoids richly line large vugs on both sides on this cabinet specimen from the Rob Smith Collection, a noted Tsumeb specialist. White calcite rhombs are a nice accent. Sea-green willemite is highly desirable from Tsumeb and this is an especially rich and showy piece.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",750,621,{"id":501,"source_url":502,"license_code":401,"credit_html":503,"title":504,"description":505,"author":405,"original_width":506,"original_height":507},28078,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10119963","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10119963\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hemimorphite-Willemite-20547.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHemimorphite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hemimorphite\">Hemimorphite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Potosí Mine (El Potosí Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFrancisco_Portillo\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Francisco Portillo\">Francisco Portillo\u003C\u002Fa>, West Camp, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSanta_Eulalia_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Santa Eulalia District\">Santa Eulalia District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAquiles_Serd%C3%A1n,_Chihuahua\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua\">Municipio de Aquiles Serdán\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChihuahua\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chihuahua\">Chihuahua\u003C\u002Fa>, Mexico (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2312.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A VERY CHOICE and VERY RARE specimen from the Potosi Mine at Santa Eulalia, Mexico of lustrous transparent to translucent hemimorphite crystals to 3.2 cm aesthetically set on a crust of very sparkly botryoidal hematite-tinted willemite. A few trivially broken hemimorphite crystals, but basically near-pristine despite its age (this IS an old specimen at least 1960s if not much earlier) and I have not seen a piece with this combination for sale before. 7.5 x 5.5 x 3.2 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",650,521,{"id":509,"source_url":510,"license_code":511,"credit_html":512,"title":513,"description":514,"author":515,"original_width":516,"original_height":516},83712,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956317","Public domain","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956317\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite 2 w- franklinite zinc orthosilicate Franklin Sussex County New Jersey 1901.jpg","These mineral images are free to use how you wish.","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com",640,{"id":518,"source_url":519,"license_code":511,"credit_html":520,"title":521,"description":514,"author":515,"original_width":516,"original_height":516},83714,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956320","Dave Dyet http:\u002F\u002Fwww.shutterstone.com http:\u002F\u002Fwww.dyet.com, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=1956320\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite w- franklinite zinc orthosilicate Franklin Sussex County New Jersey 1900.jpg",{"id":523,"source_url":524,"license_code":401,"credit_html":525,"title":526,"description":527,"author":405,"original_width":498,"original_height":528},23862,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10120446","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10120446\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tephroite-Willemite-21566.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTephroite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tephroite\">Tephroite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklin_Mine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklin Mine\">Franklin Mine\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklin\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklin\">Franklin\u003C\u002Fa>, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Jersey\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Jersey\">New Jersey\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-8541.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A classic but rare association to have from Franklin. The tephroite xls large, sharp and easily visible against contrasting acicular willemite (to just under 8 mm in size!). Elling and also the noted old dealer John Albanese both noted on their labels that this is a truly superb specimen 9 x 5 x 4.5 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",563,{"id":530,"source_url":531,"license_code":401,"credit_html":532,"title":533,"description":534,"author":405,"original_width":414,"original_height":414},22512,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446272","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446272\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Willemite-cktsu-23a.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Berg Aukas (Berg Aukus), Grootfontein District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOtjozondjupa_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Otjozondjupa Region\">Otjozondjupa Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2424.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 4.5 x 3.4 x 2.8 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Smithsonite on Willemite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Well formed rhombs of lustrous and translucent, ivory colored, smithsonite, to a relatively large 1.75 cm across, are perched on a matrix of willemite, in tan, drusy spheres. A lovely and aesthetic specimen of smithsonite. This is a superb display miniature specimen of exquisite balance. (NOT TSUMEB but included here because Charlie kept it anyhow for comparison and to complement his Tsumeb pieces )\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":536,"source_url":537,"license_code":401,"credit_html":538,"title":539,"description":540,"author":405,"original_width":482,"original_height":483},23863,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10120451","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10120451\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tephroite-Willemite-21569.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTephroite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tephroite\">Tephroite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklin_Mine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklin Mine\">Franklin Mine\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklin\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklin\">Franklin\u003C\u002Fa>, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Jersey\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Jersey\">New Jersey\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-8541.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A classic but rare association to have from Franklin. The tephroite xls are small (to just under 1mm,) but sharp and eye-visible. 2.5 x 2.5 x 1.5 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":542,"source_url":543,"license_code":401,"credit_html":544,"title":545,"description":546,"author":405,"original_width":547,"original_height":436},83715,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149081","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10149081\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-Mimetite-167948.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMimetite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Mimetite\">Mimetite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.0 x 2.8 x 3.0 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A SUPERB, two-sided willemite specimen from the famous and now-closed Tsumeb Mine. Powder-blue Tsumeb willemite is RARE, but this beautiful piece has vuggy matrix on both sides lined with lustrous, powder-blue willemite botryoids! A dusting of malachite really adds pizzazz on one side. There is even an 8 mm, lustrous, yellow mimetite hidden in the willemite botryoids! EXCELLENT material from the Rob Smith Collection, a noted Tsumeb collector.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",382,{"id":549,"source_url":550,"license_code":401,"credit_html":551,"title":552,"description":553,"author":405,"original_width":554,"original_height":555},83719,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153982","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10153982\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-Calcite-184008.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.9 x 4.0 x 2.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A rare and beautiful willemite specimen from the Tsumeb Mine. Gemmy, powder-blue willemite crystals to 5 mm are scattered on vuggy, upright matrix lined with nicely contrasting white calcite rhombs. There are actually two generations of willemite of this very showy piece; the powder-blue gem crystals and very sparkly, blue-green willemite microcrystals. Ex. Rob Smith Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",550,463,{"id":557,"source_url":558,"license_code":401,"credit_html":559,"title":560,"description":561,"author":405,"original_width":482,"original_height":562},83720,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162016","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162016\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-Malachite-219231.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMalachite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Malachite\">Malachite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 9.9 x 6.2 x 4.4 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Tsumeb is a locality that has a super premium in our world, for its incredible wealth of specimens. Among the great things it produced, once upon a time, were these beautiful translucent, botryoidal blue willemites. I am told that most came out in the 1970s, with some earlier. This label from Dr. Gary Hansen dates to prior to 1984 when he retired as a mineral dealer. He pulled this piece from his stock and kept it in his personal collection, until 2004. This particular specimen is intriguing because it is the only one of them I have seen with malachite association. The gemmy, botryoidal, willemite is unique and beautiful, and comes in this style only from Tsumeb.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",362,{"id":564,"source_url":565,"license_code":401,"credit_html":566,"title":567,"description":568,"author":405,"original_width":569,"original_height":423},83721,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165853","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10165853\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-Cerussite-243323.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCerussite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Cerussite\">Cerussite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.0 x 3.1 x 1.6 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A fine Tsumeb plate richly covered with scintillating botryoids of intergrown brown to gray willemite microcrystals. This is high quality willemite from this renowned locale, as most willemite from Tsumeb does not have this sparkling lustre. There is even a single cerussite crystal as a nice accent.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",579,{"id":571,"source_url":572,"license_code":401,"credit_html":573,"title":574,"description":575,"author":405,"original_width":498,"original_height":576},83722,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173245","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173245\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Calcite-Willemite-286303.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 4.9 x 3.5 x 3.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Lustrous, glassy calcite disks richly and aesthetically cover the box-work matrix of sparkly, spherical aggregates of blue-green willemite on this showy and excellent combination specimen from the Tsumeb Mine. This is the top willemite color for Tsumeb. Ex. Wes Parker Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",591,{"id":578,"source_url":579,"license_code":401,"credit_html":580,"title":581,"description":582,"author":405,"original_width":482,"original_height":583},83726,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446278","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10446278\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Smithsonite-Willemite-cktsu-25b.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSmithsonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Smithsonite\">Smithsonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Berg Aukas (Berg Aukus), Grootfontein District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOtjozondjupa_Region\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Otjozondjupa Region\">Otjozondjupa Region\u003C\u002Fa>, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2424.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: miniature, 3.9 x 2.3 x 2.1 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Smithsonite on Willemite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>On a sliver of matrix sits a superb miniature featuring translucent, frosted, light yellow, smithsonite, with a large and translucent 3.5 cm crystal crossed by a smaller one . Easily a competition quality miniature! (NOT TSUMEB but included here because Charlie kept it anyhow for comparison and to complement his Tsumeb pieces )\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",373,{"id":585,"source_url":586,"license_code":401,"credit_html":587,"title":588,"description":589,"author":405,"original_width":423,"original_height":590},5196,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10163886","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10163886\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-Chalcophanite-Hemimorphite-230619.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChalcophanite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chalcophanite\">Chalcophanite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHemimorphite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hemimorphite\">Hemimorphite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Potosí Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAquiles_Serd%C3%A1n\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aquiles Serdán\">Aquiles Serdán\u003C\u002Fa>, West Camp, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSanta_Eulalia_District\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Santa Eulalia District\">Santa Eulalia District\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAquiles_Serd%C3%A1n,_Chihuahua\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua\">Municipio de Aquiles Serdán\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FChihuahua\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Chihuahua\">Chihuahua\u003C\u002Fa>, Mexico (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-18927.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 15.8 x 10.0 x 6.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A fine, rare, large cabinet combination specimen from Santa Eulalia and the Dave Stoudt Collection. Both sides of the vuggy, 3-dimensional, very sturdy, sintered gossan matrix are richly covered with lustrous, translucent, gray willemite botryoids. The scattering of glassy hemimorphite blades to 1.5 cm is an elegant accent to the botryoidal willemite. Chalcophanite is an uncommon zinc, iron, manganese oxide, but is very rare at Santa Eulalia. The large \"V\" of sparkly, grape-like clusters of botryoidal chalcophanite on the front of the piece is very noteworthy. This Santa Eulalia specimen comes with a label with concise mine locality information, indicating that this is, indeed, a significant, large and rare specimen.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",431,{"id":592,"source_url":593,"license_code":594,"credit_html":595,"title":596,"description":597,"author":598,"original_width":599,"original_height":446},5856,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=15236859","CC BY 3.0","Stephen E. Fritz, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=15236859\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Bustamite, Hardystonite, Calcite, Willemite, Clinohedrite-179369.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBustamite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Bustamite\">Bustamite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHardystonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hardystonite\">Hardystonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FClinohedrite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Clinohedrite\">Clinohedrite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>\u003Ci>Original description:\u003C\u002Fi> Artificial light and Short Wave UV of bustamite (no fluorescence), hardystonite (deep blue), calcite (red), willemite (green) and clinohedrite (dim orange). Total specimen size approximately 20 cm x 15 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Stephen E. Fritz",530,{"id":601,"source_url":602,"license_code":401,"credit_html":603,"title":604,"description":605,"author":405,"original_width":453,"original_height":606},9430,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173347","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173347\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Friedelite-Willemite-287985.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFriedelite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Friedelite\">Friedelite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Sterling Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSterling_Hill_Mining_Museum\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sterling Hill Mining Museum\">Sterling Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOgdensburg\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ogdensburg\">Ogdensburg\u003C\u002Fa>, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Jersey\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Jersey\">New Jersey\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3948.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.6 x 3.1 x 2.3 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Friedelite is a relatively rare silicate that is only found in a few localities worldwide. There are hundreds of species that occur around the Franklin mining district, and Friedelite is among the most classic and well-known. This piece hosts a few small (less than 1 mm), sharp, light yellow crystals of Friedelite with a few gem quality Willemite crystals on typical Franklin matrix. This piece is from the famous New Jersey collection of Richard A. Kosnar, and was collected in 1984 according to the Parker Minerals label that accompanies the piece.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",360,{"id":608,"source_url":609,"license_code":401,"credit_html":610,"title":611,"description":605,"author":405,"original_width":612,"original_height":606},9431,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173348","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173348\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Friedelite-Willemite-287986.jpg",457,{"id":614,"source_url":615,"license_code":511,"credit_html":616,"title":617,"description":618,"author":619,"original_width":446,"original_height":620},10853,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20602303","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=20602303\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hardystonite, Willemite, Franklinite-446841.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHardystonite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Hardystonite\">Hardystonite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklinite\">Franklinite\u003C\u002Fa> (Size: 8 x 12 x 5½ cm)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Parker Mine (Parker shaft), Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>\u003Ci>Original description:\u003C\u002Fi> Pretty much a solid chunk of hardystonite with some franklinite and willemite inclusions.\u003Cbr>Regarding the colors: I’m not a UV photographer. I had to use Photoshop to make things visible. In reality, the hardystonite isn’t very bright (with my UV source), so this photo is brighter than what I actually “saw”. Also somewhat too blue.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Modris Baum",568,{"id":622,"source_url":623,"license_code":624,"credit_html":625,"title":626,"description":627,"author":628,"original_width":629,"original_height":630},10855,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163476067","CC0 1.0","Nessa Eull, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=163476067\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Hardystonite with willemite (GeoDIL number - 276).jpg","These samples from Franklin, New Jersey, USA are mostly brown hardystonite Ca2ZnSi2O7 with lighter colored veins of willemite, Zn2SiO4. Hardystonite is a rare mineral related to gehlenite. It is popular with museums and mineral collectors because it fluoresces dark purple under short-wave ultraviolet light. The smaller specimen is about 5 cm across.","Nessa Eull",3040,2016,{"id":632,"source_url":633,"license_code":511,"credit_html":634,"title":635,"description":636,"author":637,"original_width":638,"original_height":639},16877,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129324265","Jerry Cone, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=129324265\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Murdochite, Willemite-1041979.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMurdochite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Murdochite\">Murdochite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Granite Gap, San Simon Mining District, Peloncillo Mountains, Hidalgo County, New Mexico, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Field of view: 1.8 mm\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Description: This specimen is from the collection of the late Craig Pearson and a gift from Ron Gibbs. Thanks Ron! The colorless sprays are willemite and the black crystals are murdochite.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>","Jerry Cone",5292,3372,{"id":641,"source_url":642,"license_code":511,"credit_html":643,"title":644,"description":645,"author":619,"original_width":646,"original_height":446},23861,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=9937493","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=9937493\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tephroite and Willemite - Franklin Mine, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTephroite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tephroite\">Tephroite\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa> (FOV 2.3 x 3.0 mm)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Tephroite gets its name from \"ash gray\" - but these crystals look more redish brown. They are even partly transparent. They are associated with water clear, doubly terminated willemite.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",793,{"id":648,"source_url":649,"license_code":401,"credit_html":650,"title":651,"description":652,"author":405,"original_width":423,"original_height":576},38080,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10170658","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10170658\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Mimetite-Willemite-270196.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMimetite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Mimetite\">Mimetite\u003C\u002Fa> (Var.: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCampylite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Campylite\">Campylite\u003C\u002Fa>), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Mammoth-Saint Anthony Mine (Mammoth-St Anthony Mine; Mammoth Mine; St. Anthony Mine), St. Anthony deposit, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTiger\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tiger\">Tiger\u003C\u002Fa>, Mammoth District, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPinal_County,_Arizona\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Pinal County, Arizona\">Pinal County\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArizona\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Arizona\">Arizona\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3380.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.2 x 4.8 x 3.7 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An exceptionally rich and beautiful, old-time, combination specimen from the Mammoth-Saint Anthony Mine at Tiger. Highly lustrous, orange to orange-brown, rounded campylite crystals of mimetite cover all sides of the vuggy matrix and are nicely accented with glassy, colorless, willemite crystals. Mimetite of this quality is rare from Tiger and closely resembles classic, old material from the historic Dry Gill Mine of England. The orange crystals reach 4 mm on this outstanding piece from the Dennis Mullane Collection. Accompanied by an older 1950s-1960s era The Bradleys label. There is a November, 1952 date on the label.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":654,"source_url":655,"license_code":401,"credit_html":656,"title":657,"description":658,"author":405,"original_width":659,"original_height":414},55761,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10138324","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10138324\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Franklinite-Willemite-Zincite-103826.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklinite\">Franklinite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FZincite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Zincite\">Zincite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Sterling Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSterling_Hill_Mining_Museum\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sterling Hill Mining Museum\">Sterling Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOgdensburg\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ogdensburg\">Ogdensburg\u003C\u002Fa>, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Jersey\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Jersey\">New Jersey\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3948.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An exceptionally dramatic piece with a stark 4 cm franklinite just sitting nicely in matrix of zincite, willemite, and calcite. The crystal is remarkably free of cracking, which happens often in larger crystals; and also free of shoe polish and glue fill in said cracks - a more frequent occurence than we specimen collectors like to admit. But, in the old days, it was almost a tradition to fake and build up broken franklinite crystals in matrix! Luckily, this one survived and was never played with. It probably dates to older workings in the late 1800s to early 1900s, and is not recently found. 9 x 9 x 8 cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",771,{"id":661,"source_url":662,"license_code":401,"credit_html":663,"title":664,"description":665,"author":405,"original_width":554,"original_height":666},55763,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160157","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10160157\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Franklinite-Willemite-207496.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklinite\">Franklinite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Sterling Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSterling_Hill_Mining_Museum\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sterling Hill Mining Museum\">Sterling Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOgdensburg\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ogdensburg\">Ogdensburg\u003C\u002Fa>, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Jersey\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Jersey\">New Jersey\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3948.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 2.6 x 2.0 x 1.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A classic, fine and uncommon thumbnail from the Sterling Hill Mine. A sharp, lustrous franklinite crystal is perched on a sharp, euhedral, tannish-gray willemite crystal. It is rare to find a nice franklinite on well-crystallized willemite. Excellent and typical yellow-green fluorescence on the willemite.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",468,{"id":668,"source_url":669,"license_code":401,"credit_html":670,"title":671,"description":672,"author":405,"original_width":423,"original_height":673},55764,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162780","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10162780\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Franklinite-Willemite-225044.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklinite\">Franklinite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklin_Mine\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklin Mine\">Franklin Mine\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklin\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklin\">Franklin\u003C\u002Fa>, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Jersey\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Jersey\">New Jersey\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-8541.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 10.8 x 8.2 x 6.8 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A textbook, classic, 1.5 cm, lustrous franklinite crystal with interesting beveled edges is perched on matrix of rose-tan willemite, innumerable smaller and broken franklinites and a bit of calcite. This is classic combination material from the Franklin Mine of New Jersey and the Marty Zinn Collection, # 8499. The willemite has a superb green fluorescense. The calcite fluoresces a more muted red, in this instance.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",543,{"id":675,"source_url":676,"license_code":401,"credit_html":677,"title":678,"description":679,"author":405,"original_width":482,"original_height":680},55766,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10399815","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10399815\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Calcite-Franklinite-Willemite-03edd37ab.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCalcite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Calcite\">Calcite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFranklinite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Franklinite\">Franklinite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FZincite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Zincite\">Zincite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSterling_Hill_Mining_Museum\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sterling Hill Mining Museum\">Sterling Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOgdensburg\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ogdensburg\">Ogdensburg\u003C\u002Fa>, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Jersey\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Jersey\">New Jersey\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-8903.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: cabinet, 9 x 9 x 8 cm\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdt>Franklinite in Willemite, Zincite, and Calcite\u003C\u002Fdt>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>An exceptionally dramatic piece with a stark 4 cm franklinite just sitting nicely in matrix of zincite, willemite, and calcite. The crystal is remarkably free of cracking, which happens often in larger crystals; and also free of shoe polish and glue fill in said cracks - a more frequent occurence than we specimen collectors like to admit. But, in the old days, it was almost a tradition to fake and build up broken franklinite crystals in matrix! Luckily, this one survived and was never played with. It probably dates to older workings in the late 1800s to early 1900s, and is not recently found.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",384,{"id":682,"source_url":683,"license_code":401,"credit_html":684,"title":685,"description":605,"author":405,"original_width":686,"original_height":687},55806,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173346","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10173346\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Friedelite-Willemite-287984.jpg",515,432,{"id":689,"source_url":690,"license_code":401,"credit_html":691,"title":692,"description":693,"author":405,"original_width":694,"original_height":454},74457,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10175437","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10175437\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-Plancheite-57214.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPlancheite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Plancheite\">Plancheite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>A good example of small, gemmy, nearly colorless prisms of hexagonal Willemite associated with some small light bluish color spheres of Plancheite on matrix. Theres a good amount of Willemite all over the specimen. 5.7 x 2.6 x 2.4cm\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",907,{"id":696,"source_url":697,"license_code":401,"credit_html":698,"title":699,"description":700,"author":405,"original_width":554,"original_height":454},74459,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10175838","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10175838\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Willemite-Plancheite-121389.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPlancheite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Plancheite\">Plancheite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Tsumeb Mine (Tsumcorp Mine), \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTsumeb\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tsumeb\">Tsumeb\u003C\u002Fa>, Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Namibia (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-2428.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 5.9 x 3.3 x 3.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Willemite is a rare mineral in finely crystallized specimens and there are only a few localities in the world that produce great display specimens. I think the two top localities for Willemite in the world are Franklin, New Jersey and of course, Tsumeb. The Willemite specimens from Tsumeb are highly prized for their wide range of colors and amazing beauty. This specimen features excellent, rare, sharp, lustrous, somewhat spherical, green-blue color, crystal aggregates of Willemite associated with minor Plancheite on matrix. It has beautiful luster and these specimens are among some of the most classic of species from Tsumeb. Ex. Richard Kosnar Collection.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",{"id":702,"source_url":703,"license_code":704,"credit_html":705,"title":706,"description":707,"author":708,"original_width":709,"original_height":710},75803,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118201868","CC BY-SA 2.0","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=118201868\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Pyrochroite with Zincite, Calcite, Franklinite, and Willemite (47122317054).jpg","\u003Cp>Franklin\nNew Jersey, USA\n\u003C\u002Fp>\nS-74-1577","Pacific Museum of Earth from Canada",4000,6000,{"id":712,"source_url":713,"license_code":511,"credit_html":714,"title":715,"description":716,"author":619,"original_width":717,"original_height":718},82341,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=9937548","Modris Baum, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=9937548\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Tephroite, Zincite, Willemite - Franklin Mine, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FTephroite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Tephroite\">Tephroite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FZincite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Zincite\">Zincite\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa> (FOV 10.5 x 8 x 7 mm)\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>One of the beloved “Franklin uglies”. The massive tephroite should be “ash gray” but in this specimen it has a violet tinge. Grains of willemite predominate on the rhs. The zincite is very dark red.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",944,720,{"id":720,"source_url":721,"license_code":401,"credit_html":722,"title":723,"description":724,"author":405,"original_width":436,"original_height":725},87159,"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167657","Robert M. Lavinsky, via \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002F?curid=10167657\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons\u003C\u002Fa>","Zincite-Willemite-251587.jpg","\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FZincite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Zincite\">Zincite\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWillemite\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Willemite\">Willemite\u003C\u002Fa>\n\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>\u003Cdl>\u003Cdd>Locality: Sterling Mine, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSterling_Hill_Mining_Museum\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Sterling Hill Mining Museum\">Sterling Hill\u003C\u002Fa>, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOgdensburg\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:Ogdensburg\">Ogdensburg\u003C\u002Fa>, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNew_Jersey\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:New Jersey\">New Jersey\u003C\u002Fa>, USA (\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.mindat.org\u002Floc-3948.html\">Locality at mindat.org\u003C\u002Fa>)\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Size: 6.7 x 4.5 x 3.2 cm.\u003C\u002Fdd>\n\u003Cdd>Famous for its fluorescent minerals, this classic combination from Franklin, New Jersey does not disappoint. The cleaved but recognizable crystal of Zincite is enormous, spanning the entire specimen at 6.7 cm. There is even one large face, 3 cm, and several smaller ones. The smaller crystal faces have excellent luster, as do the cleaved faces. Intergrown is a vein of Willemite, ending in a rough, 1.5 cm crystal. The Willemite has superb green fluoresence. An excellent Franklin piece. Ex. Charlie Key.\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>\u003C\u002Fdd>\u003C\u002Fdl>",391,[727,733,737,743],{"id":728,"url":729,"label":730,"formula":731,"spacegroup":732,"year":365},14505,"\u002Fcif\u002F14505.cif","Klaska 1978","Zn2 Si O4","R -3",{"id":734,"url":735,"label":736,"formula":731,"spacegroup":732,"year":357},14506,"\u002Fcif\u002F14506.cif","Simonov 1977",{"id":738,"url":739,"label":740,"formula":731,"spacegroup":741,"year":742},14507,"\u002Fcif\u002F14507.cif","Marumo 1971","I -4 2 d",1971,{"id":744,"url":745,"label":746,"formula":731,"spacegroup":732,"year":353},14508,"\u002Fcif\u002F14508.cif","Hang 1970",[748,749,750,751,752,753,754,755],"Belgit","Belgita","Belgite","Hebertine","Villemita","Villemite","Wilhelmite","Willemine",[757,761,765,769,773,776,780,784,788,792,795,799,803,806,809,813,817,820,825,829,833,837,841,844,848,852,856,859,862,866,870],{"lang":758,"names":759},"ar",[760],"فيليميت",{"lang":762,"names":763},"be",[764],"Вілеміт",{"lang":766,"names":767},"ca",[768],"wil·lemita",{"lang":770,"names":771},"cs",[772],"Willemit",{"lang":774,"names":775},"da",[772],{"lang":777,"names":778},"de",[748,772,779],"Xingshaoit",{"lang":781,"names":782},"el",[783],"Βιλλεμίτης",{"lang":785,"names":786},"es",[787],"Willemita",{"lang":789,"names":790},"et",[791],"villemiit",{"lang":793,"names":794},"eu",[787],{"lang":796,"names":797},"fa",[798],"ویله میت",{"lang":800,"names":801},"fi",[802],"Willemiitti",{"lang":804,"names":805},"fr",[7],{"lang":807,"names":808},"gl",[787],{"lang":810,"names":811},"he",[812],"וילמיט",{"lang":814,"names":815},"hu",[816],"willemit",{"lang":818,"names":819},"it",[7],{"lang":821,"names":822},"ja",[823,824],"トルースタイト","珪亜鉛鉱",{"lang":826,"names":827},"lt",[828],"Vilemitas",{"lang":830,"names":831},"mk",[832],"Вилемит",{"lang":834,"names":835},"nb",[836],"willemitt",{"lang":838,"names":839},"nl",[840],"willemiet",{"lang":842,"names":843},"nn",[836],{"lang":845,"names":846},"pl",[847,772],"Wilemit",{"lang":849,"names":850},"ru",[851],"Виллемит",{"lang":853,"names":854},"sr",[855],"вилемит",{"lang":857,"names":858},"sv",[772],{"lang":860,"names":861},"tg",[851],{"lang":863,"names":864},"uk",[764,865],"Віллеміт",{"lang":867,"names":868},"uz",[869],"Villemit",{"lang":871,"names":872},"zh",[873,874],"原矽酸鋅","矽鋅礦","Q409139",{"history":877,"applications":881},{"markdown":878,"model_version":879,"prompt_version":880,"reviewed_at":11},"Mining at Sterling Hill, in Sussex County, New Jersey, began in the 1630s — and started with a mistake[1]. The dark ore was first taken for a copper deposit. Only later was it recognised as an unusual zinc-manganese assemblage. Three minerals dominated it: willemite, the black oxide franklinite, and the red oxide zincite[1][2]. Commercial zinc mining of the Franklin district began in the early 19th century, with many small companies working the area for zinc and iron[3].\n\nIn 1825 the deposit produced its first scientific puzzle. The American geologists Lardner Vanuxem and William Hypolitus Keating analysed a specimen and called it a *siliceous oxyde of zinc*[4]. At the time, that name was a synonym of electric calamine — the mineral now known as hemimorphite[4]. The match was an accident of arithmetic. Willemite and hemimorphite carry nearly the same weight percentage of zinc and silica. The iron and manganese Vanuxem and Keating measured as extras happened to fall in the same proportion as the water in true hemimorphite[4]. Their crystallography was also wrong.\n\nGerard Troost saw the error the same year. He wrote that the new mineral was almost certainly a separate species and sent specimens to the Scottish chemist Thomas Thomson[4]. The specimens reached Thomson without a clear indication of which grain was the unknown. He analysed a more prominent companion mineral instead, and the question was left open[4].\n\nThe formal naming came five years later. In 1830 the French mineralogist Serve-Dieu Abailard \"Armand\" Lévy named the species **willemite**[5]. He chose the name in honour of William I — *Willem* in Dutch — King of the Netherlands from 1813 to 1840[5]. The honorific was personal. Lévy had been banished from France during the Bourbon Restoration, and the king had granted him a professorship at the University of Liège[5]. The type locality, the Vieille Montagne zinc mine, sat within the Kingdom of the Netherlands at the time. It is in Belgium today[6].\n\n### A century of zinc\n\nThrough the late 19th century the small operators of the Franklin district consolidated. In 1897 they merged into the New Jersey Zinc Company[3]. The Franklin mine itself was worked for more than a century before its reserve was exhausted in 1954[7]. Sterling Hill kept producing until 1986, when it closed and later reopened as a mining museum[1].\n\nThe same decades saw willemite move from ore to phosphor. Synthetic willemite doped with manganese ions formed the basis of first-generation fluorescent tube phosphors[8]. The brilliant green glow of the natural mineral also lit the screens of early television tubes[9]. In the 1940s it was displaced in lamp manufacture by second-generation halophosphors based on fluorapatite, themselves later replaced by triphosphor blends[8].\n\n### The fluorescent capital of the world\n\nFranklin and Sterling Hill have also yielded the most celebrated fluorescent assemblage in mineralogy. More than 360 minerals are known from the district[1]. Thirty-five of them occur nowhere else on Earth, and ninety-one of them fluoresce[1]. Willemite is the headline performer — a brilliant green glow under shortwave ultraviolet light[9]. The town of Franklin styles itself the \"Fluorescent Mineral Capital of the World\"[3].","claude-opus-4-7","1.7.0",{"markdown":882,"model_version":879,"prompt_version":880,"reviewed_at":11},"Willemite has no significant industrial use today. Its working life as a zinc ore and as a lamp phosphor belongs to the past.\n\nWhat remains is a mineralogical role. Specimens from the Franklin and Sterling Hill deposits, in Sussex County, New Jersey, are sought by collectors and museums[1]. The draw is the brilliant green glow the mineral emits under shortwave ultraviolet light[1]. That same fluorescence makes willemite a standard teaching mineral for luminescence. The Rainbow Tunnel at the Sterling Hill Mining Museum exploits the effect at full scale, lighting up entire walls of ore under shortwave lamps[2]."]